4 -jti4 ; ' : V-? j , L-J-L ; .', ; ' ; - I :" ' ' r:-: ' i
. v ' .N ' ' 7 4 1 - ' ' ; Jl...,:....'
w!! ' Tl J.LS IW, Ejitj Pto. "t ciMiiio-Fmiici ia saBAi. laTSiitCT truiitt iitoeacti tii tin e? utiitti tm c irftrnMi" ' fTHREE DOLLARS A 'yEAR -li'laaiai?
J::Tj .! n,', .ii 91 III 1 " ', ' " ' ' " ' ' ' '' '" .I'' - VI ' - " " -
I TOf BALEIOII, !t. C WEDNESDAY DEC. M ft46. Mr t t ' . ' ' .. , "
' " M " -
I I ...... - : 1 - mmm
Continued from 4th page.
ntrtlv adopted s may be necessary to vin
dicate the honor of the country, and in
ur ample reparation to our injure
citizens."
The Committee on Foreiim Affairs of
the House of Representatives made a
similar recommendation. In their re
port, they say.ihatihey "fully concur
with the President that ample cause
exists for taking redress in our own
hands, and believe that we shold be jus
lined in the opinion of other nations for
taking such a t'p. But they are wil
ting to try the experiment of another
demand, made in the most solemn form,
upon the justice of the Mexican gov
ernment before any lurtner proceedings
nre adODted."
No difference of opinion upon the
anient is believed to have existed m
(ingress at that time; the Executive
ftnd Lelattredepartinerrtseencttrredi
and yt such has been our forbearance,
nnd- desire to preserve peace witn Mexi
co, that the wrongs of which wehen
romrdained. and which rase "rise to
those solemn proceedings, not only le-
inrirfi li ntedressedrtcr ibis ilay, bn l - d-
drttorlat causes of complaint, ol an aggra
vated Character, have ever since been
ncumulannj.
. special messenger was despatched to
Mesicov -irt roalf .al..Kdernandfor
redress: and on the twentieth of July
1S37. the demand was made. The
reply of the Mexican government bears
dnten the- twenty-ninth of the same
month, -and contains assurances of the
anxious wish" of the Mexican govern
; trnmtfntrt to delay themoment of that
xtfint and wjuitnhfe itdjitstrhent'' which is
to terminate the existing difficulties
BfireeirnJjr' twuigiiveturBentsJlz tlwi
"nothing should be left undone which
tuay contribute to the most speedy and
eqmtuble determination of the subjects
winch have so seriously engaged the
m tent ion of the American government:"
iliat tlin "51exican government would
n.tiTpr,' -lw only guides for its conduct,
tht jrtffiiwst principles of public right,
the sncred obligations imposed by inte
TrntTonnf-iirw. nnd the religions faith of
fwtjesj'jUid , that whatever reason
niK jtKtice mity dictateesjctmgeach
ense will be done." The assurance was
tu rther given, that the decision of the
iMexiemi STrtvernmaat-tipon -eh tt
of cumplaint, for which redress had
been demanded, should be commnnica
mltn the government Of the United
States by the Mexican minister at
Washington.
These solemn assurances, in answer
toonr dtjmnnd for redrew, were disre
girded. By making thorn, however,
'-'""MeTdfrt obtained farther -delay PiesU
ilcut Van Bit ren, In h is annual messige I
to Congress of the nun ot uecemDer,
W7t states, that "although the larger
tiumWer" of our demands for redress,
ii nd "many of them aggravated cases of
jwrsonnl wrongs, have heen now tor
years before the Mexican government,
i'hm! some of the causes of national com
plaint, and those of the mbsrsfferretTe
chnracter,' admitted of Immediate, sim
lle, iuh! satisfactory replies, it is only
within a few days past that any speci
fie communication in answer to onr last
iMinnnd,rtihde five months ago has been
rceel ved from i tha Alex Jean hiinisfef;
mid that " lor not one of bur public
c inlnints hns sntisfnetinn been given
or ofiered; that but one of the cases of
rctsonal wroTTg-- has Mieea- favorably
consklewf. and that, but-four cases, of
'both descriptions, out of all those form
ally presented, and earnest y pressed
have as yet been decided Opon bjnhtf
Mexican government," President Van
Buren, ; beirvTrigthaT 1l Would b-Tain
to make any further attempt to obtain
redress by the ordinary means within
the power of the Executive, communi
cated his opinion ' to Congress, in chfl
message referred in which he said:
JOn a careful and deliberate examina
tion of the contents," ifof the correspon
dence with the Mexican govemmenU
and. considering, the spirit manifested
by the Mexican government, it has he
Come uiy, painfulduty -.to-- return ;th.
subject as a now stands, to Congress, to
whom it belongs, to decide upon the?
' lime, thn mode, and measure of redress."
I la4 the United States at that time adopt
fd compttrsorymeasoref, 1 and taken
j-edress info "their; own hands, all out
difficulties with Mexico probably would
bv; been long since adjusted, and the
existing war have been averted. Magna
nimity mud moderation n ur Prt on'y
hadthe effect to compHente the difficul
ti,end render an amlcabls settlement of
them ihieC more rmbarrassiug: ( ,;Tliat
cli tneaMiireJof redress under .similar
provoceiions, committed by any of the
powerfnf trntons of Europe, would have
ieen promptly resorted toby the United
Suuewj cannot te 'donbted. The na
tions! Iionor, sim! the preservation of the
Motional culirttctcr througnou'lhe world.
as well as our own self-respect and the
protection due to onr own citizens,
would have rendered such n resort
indispensable. The history of no civ
iliacd nation in modern times has pre
seated within so brief a period so many
wanton attacks unon the honor of its
flag, and upon the property and persons
of its citizens, as naa ai mat nine ueeu
borne by the United States from the
Mexican authorities and people. But
Mexico was a sister republic, on the
North American continent, occupying
a territory contiguous to our owri, and
was in a feeble and distracted condition;
and these considerations, it is pesnmed,
induced Congress to forbear still longer.
Insleid of taking redrew into onr own
hands, a new'negouaiion was entered upon
with fair promises on the part of Mexico but
with the real purpone, as the event hat
proved findefiattly.4 postponing tha r-
I paration which we demanded and which
wai SO JUSliy uue. I ma ncgTHimron, umrr
more than a year's delay, resulted in the
convention of the eleventh of April, 1839,
for the adjustment of claims of citizens of
the United Stales of America Opoathe
foreinment of the Mexican republic."
The joint board coflimUnloners created by
this ,conention to examine and decide
upon these cJafrna i was not "organised until
the month of August 1810, and under the
.lenna. Pf the ,th,eveoi) ven(ion, they were to
terrninsts Ttsetr (miwrwriwi'mwir
months from that time. Four of the eigh-
ry discussions on frivolous and dilatory
points raised by the Mexican commission'
er: anil it was not until the month of De
eemberj 1810, that they commenced the
esami'naiion ef the claims of onr citizens
upon Mexico. Fourteen months only
remained to examine ana decide upon
these numerdus and complicated 'Cites.
In the month of Februra y, 1812.ihe term of
the commission , ex pirfi lea TJBg,,, many
claims " undisposed " of for - wsnt - of
time. The claims which were allowed
by the board: and by the umpire auihoriz
nl by the convention to ciociue in case
of disagreement between the Mexican and
American commissioners, amounted to
two million twenty six thousand one hun
dred and thirty nia . dollars and sixty eif hi
cents. There were pending beiore lhe un
pire when the commission expired addi
tional elaima which had been . examined
and awarded brlhe Ameriean commission
er, and had not been allowed by the
Mexican cmnmtsstoners amouting4o- nine
hundred and twenty eight thousand six
hundred and rweenty 'aeven dollais and
eighty eifft eents. upnn wbiCB ns did. not
decide, allegin; that his authority had ceas
ed with the termination of the joint com
mission. Besides these claims,. there were
otheis of American citizens amounting to
three million three hundred and .thirty six
thousand '.tight Hundred and thirty seven
dollars and live cent, which had been sub
milted to the hoard, and opon which thsy
httd iwttiine to . decide , bcfQre.. lhcir final
adjournment.
The sum of two mUHon Twenty afx
thousand one hundred and thirty nine dol
lars and sixty eight cents which hid
been awarded to the claimant was a Iiqsi.
ated and ascertained debt due by Mexico,
abo it which there could be no di'pute,
and which she was bound to pay accord
ing to the terms of the convention. Soon
after the final award for this amount had
been in vie, the Mexican government ask
for a postponement of the tim of making
payment, alleeing that it would be incon
venient to make the payment at the time sti
pulated. In the spirit olT(rbearinK kindness
towards a sister republic, which . Mexio
has so lone abused the United States
promptly complied with her request. . A
second mnnvention was according ly con
cluded between tbe two governments on the
thirtieth of January 1843,.-which upon
its face declares that "this new ; arrange",
meut is entered into for the accommodation
of Mexico." By the terms of this conven
tion, all the interest due on . the awards
which had been mads in favor of the claim
ants under the convention of the llth of
April 1839, was to be paid ta them on the;
thirtieth of A pril, 113, and " the prince ;
pal of the said awards, sml the interest v ae,
accruing thereon," was stipulated to ''be
psid in five- ysars, in equal - instalments
every three . months," Notwithstanding
this neweonvenUon was entered into at ,
the request of Mexico, and for the purpose
of relieving her from embarrassment the
ClaimsnuJuvs only received tha interest
due OA the thirtieth of April 1CI3, and
three - of ' the r twenty instalments., Al
though the payment of the sum thus liqui.
dated snd confessed! doe by Mexico toou
citizens 'as indemnity for acknowledged
acts of outrage and wrong .was secu
red by treatv, the obligations pf which
sre ever held sacred by all just nations,
yet', Mexico has , violaUd ibis .soluron
engagemeat by failing and , refusing , to
make , tlie paymenu ,,Thetwo inatall
meals; due in April snd July, ander
the peeuliae)( circumstances connected
with them, iave been S'sumed by the Uei
led Ststes and discharged to the claimants,
but they are still- due by Mexico. But
ih's Is not all of which we have just cause
of complaint,, To provide a remeJy for
the claimants whrwe cnneii were no deci
ded by fie joint ewnmistnn nmler the con
vriuion of AonltlicelrVKi.lh. J839. it was
expressly siiplid bv ihe!xlh article if
the oiivent on of i'i thirtieth of Jauuary,
1843, thaf'S new convention shall be en
iirrcu inio iorine seuiemeni oi an ciaimw
oi me government ana citizens oi me uni-
ted States against the republic of Mexico
wnicii were uoi unauy ueciueu oy uie iaie
eommwston, which met tn the city ol
Washington, and or all claims of the
goveromeni snd citizens if Mexico against
the United States."
In eouformity with this stipulation a
3d. convention was concluded snd signed
at the City of Mexico on the twentieth of
November, 1843 by lbs plenipotentiaries of
me i wo governments, oy wnica provision
Was made for ascertaining and paying these
claims. In January 1814. ibis eoa vent ion
was ratified by the Senate of the United
States with two amendments, Which were
manifestly reasonable in their character.
Upon a reference of the amendments pro
posed to the government of Mexico, the
same evasions, difficulties, and deiaya
were interposed which have so long suark
ed "the policy -orlharoveihiiient
Jaw$as:thfc.,jtfjjLit
even yet decided whether it would or
would not accede to thera although tile sub
ject has been repeatedly pressed upou its
consideration. : -
Mexico has thus violsted a second time
the faith of treaties, by failing or refusing
to carry
eonven tion of January 1 $43 r
Such is the history of the wrongs
hich We have suffered and patiently
vears. ao tar lrom aflordinir
reasonsble satisfaction for the i injniies arJ
Tnsulu we laa borne a great sggravanon
of them consists in the fact that while the
United States, anxious to preserve a good
understanding with Mexico, have been
constantly but vsioly employed in seeking
redress for past wrongs new outrages
were constantly occurring wbich have
eoaiiii!tt)dAM.in
plaint and to swell the amount of our de
monds. While the citizens of the United
STa'tes wefelioftducfiB"
with Mexico under the guaranty of a.treaty
of"amitycora meres, and navigation," many
of them have suffered all the injuries which
would have resulted from open war. This
treaty Instead of affording protection t
oar citizens has been the mean ef
inviting them into the p rts of Mexico,
that they might be, as thev fivs "been
in numerous instances, plundered of their
property and deprived of their personal
liberty if 4hey dared insist orf Jheir- ttfrtttei
Had the un'swful seizures of American
pfopenv snd the violation of personal lib-
e y of our citizens, to say noth'ng f-th
msuU to our flag which have occurred in
t. ports of-MeTo, Uka place on" Ihe
high seas, they would themselves lung
since have constituted a state of actual war
between the two countries- In so long
suffering Mexico to violate her most
solemn treaty obligations plunder our cit
izens of their propei ty. snd imprison their
persons with out affording them any re
dress we have failed to perform one of
the first and highest duties which every
tf'dTt'fefntfiefirewes WlTliifltrid-the
consequence has been, that many . of them
have been reduced from a stats of afflu
ence to bankruptcy the proud name
of American citizen, which ought to pro
t ct all who bear it from insult and injury
throughout the , world has afforded, no
such protection to our citizens in Mexico,
We had ample cause or war against Mex
ico Ion? before the break-inr. out Qf hostili
ties. But even then we forbore to take
redress into our own hands until Mexico
herself became the aggressor by invading
our soil in hostile array and shedding the
blood of our citizens.
Such sre the grave causes of complaint
on the part of the ' United States agunst
Mexico causes which ellsteuloni; before
Ihe annexation of Texas ta the Americsa
Union; snd yet animated by the love of
peace and a magnanimous moderation.
we did not adopt those- measures of - re
dress which under such circumstances
are the justified resert of injured nations.
The annexation of Texas to the United
States constituted no just cause of offence
id MexieoTThryiretext that rr did sr ls
wholly inconsistent and irreconcilable w'lh
welt authenticated facts connected with
the revolution by which Texss became in
dependent of Mexico, That this may be
the more manifest il may be proper to ad
t art to the eauses and tn the history of the
principal events of thst revolution. !
-. Texas constituted a portion oi - trie an
eient province of Lousiana, ceded to the
United 8utes by France (n the year 1803.
Ia the tesr 1810,-thr- United- States,br
the Florida treaty, ceded to pain all thai
part of La. within the present limits ef
Texas; and Mexico, by "the revolution
whick separated ber fVrjm Spain, an frrde
pendent nation, soceeded:to the rights
of the mother county over this territory.
In the year 1824, Mexico established a
federal constitution, - under ' which the
Mexican republic was composed of a nam
ber of sovereign Stales confederated logeth
er in a federal Union similar to our own.
Each of these Ststes had its own Exece
live, legislature and indiciary, and for all
t xeept federal pot poses .was , as iadepesl
dent of the general government, and that
of Ihe other 8iates, s Pennsylvania
or Virginia aadereur constitution- Tea
as. and toahoila united anq termed one
of these , Mexican States, The State
constitution which thev, adopted... and
which was approved , by the Meiicnn
confederacy, ursertcd ilai they acre "free
- land indepeneut ol the othei Mexican .l"i
i iu oiairs ana oi every o;ner power snii
dominion wnnisi.erer;- ami praciai.i.e.l
jlhe great principle of human liberty
; "inai me sovereignly oi , me ataw
resides ongrnnlly and cisetitlnlly in the
general mass of the nidi viualt who composel
it. io toe government under this con
stitution, as well as to that under tin
federal constitution, the people of Texas
f .it : '
owed allegiance.
Emigrants from foreign; countries, inclu
ding tite United States, ware invited by
the colonization laws of the State and of the
federal government to settle in Texas.
Advaqteg?ous . terms were efferred to
induce tnem to Joavo ili-ir own country
and become Mexican . citizens. This
invitation ws accepted by many of our citl
sens, in the faith that in their new home
they would be governed by constitutional
guardntera similar to those which existed
in the republic they had lelt. Under a gov
eminent thus organized they continued nfl
l'LAte Jear 835b when a military revo
lulion broke out in the city of Mexico,
which entirety subverted the federal and
State constitutions, and placed a milits
ry dictator at the head of the govern
merit, y ; . ,
Hy a sweeping decree of a Congress
vubservitTittoihswitt of lordieiaiofr tH
several Suia couaiituiMins wr - abtUsUed
and the States themselves convert d into
mere depnrtments of the Central Govern
. & a I sr . I m sm
witling to stiuinit to iIim usurpation. K
sislnnce to such tyranny became high
'dyrTeias wasTiiny atSaVedmaU'
allegiance to the Contra! Government of
Mexico from the moment that government
had abolished her State constitution, .and
in its place substituted anarbitrarjrond
despotic Central Government.
Such were the principal causes of the
Teian revolution. The people f Texas
at "bnci "'dfirhimeifpmistan
flew to arms. In the midst of these ira-1
"pattdtux srrd sxcitrng svenw,- howeverthey
did noloruil to pines their liberties Upon a
seeu re and permanent foundation. They
elected members to a convention, who, in
the month of March, 1330, ifaned a formal
declaration that their "political connexion
with the Mexican nstion has forever ended,
and that the people of Texas do now coiit
stitnte a rrtt,sovEeie, and iitMf aMoeira
republic, snd sre fully invested with all
ihe rights and attiibutes which, properly
belong -to indepewdentnailons,'' ITiey
also adopted for llitir governmenf s liberal
republican constiuuioii. About the stme
tme Sawia-Anna, ihen the dictator of.Mex
inn, invaded Texas with a numerous army
for the purpnse Of Subduing her people,
ani eniorring ooeaience io nis arbitrary
and despotic government, Un the twenty
first of April, 1830, he was met by ' the
Texan citizen soldiers, and on that day was
achieved by them the memorable victory of
hn Jacinto, by wliicn they conquered their
independence. Considering the. numbers
engaged on the vespeclive sides, history
docs not record a more brilliant achieve-
mentr 8anta Anna litmsej f was smoog 4he
captives. . '. jl
In the month of May, 1930, Santa An
na ack.no wlsrtifed, bv a treaty with the
Texan authorities, in the mosi solemn form.
"the full, entire, and perfect independence
of the republic of Texas." It ia Irue he
wus then a prisoner of war, but It is equal
ly true that he had failed io reconquer
Tesas; and had met with signal defeat:
that Ins authority had not been revoked,
nd that hy virtue of this treaty he obtained
nia .pcrs mni release. Ity u hosttlrties
rerc suspended, and the army which had
invaded Texas under his command returned
in pursuance tf ihis -arranffementptwmo
tested, to Mexico. -'
From the day that the battle of ?sn
Jacinto was fought until the present hour.
m. - - - . I
M,exico has nyerjiosessed ihef ower toj
reconquer i exas, s In the language of the
Secreury offiute of the United States, in
a despatch to our minister in Mexico, un.
der dste of the eighth of July, 1842, Mex
ico may have chosen to consider, and rosy
still choose to consider Texas ss having
been at all times since-1835, and as still
continuing,, a rebellious province; but the
world has been obliged to take a very dif
fereut view of the matter. From the time
of the battle of San Jacinto, in April, 1836,
to the present moment, 1 exas has exhioiied
the same external signs of national inde
pendence as Mexico herself, and with quite
ss much stability of government. Practi
cally free sod independent,., acknowledged
as s political sovereignty by the principal
t'o wereof tbe world, no hostile . feet find
big rest Within her territory for six or sev
so years," and Mexico herself refraining
for all that period from any farmer attempt
to re-establish her own authority over that
terruory. It cannot but be surprising JO find
Mr. tie 13048062' (the Secretary oi ut
sign Affairs of Mexico) "complaining thst
iv i .h. phviv .pvrtvu VIU&BHI VI WW v ii I"
ted Rules, er its governroeot, have been
favoring trie rebels or Texas, snd supply
ing them with vessels, smmunition, and
money, as jf the wsr for the . reduction ' bf I
the province of Texas had been constantly
prosecuted by alexico, and ber success
prevented by these influences from a
broad." In Ihe same despatch the 8ee.
retarv of Stale affirms that "since 1837 the
United, Ststes have regarded Texas as sn
independent sovereignty, ss much as Met
ienj; and that , trade and commerce with
citizens of a government at wsr with Meg
ico ca-not, on Out account, be rcgirtleil
as an intercourse by which assistance and
succor are given to Mexican rebels. The
whole current of Bit, de BoCanepia's: re
marks runs in the smo direciott, af if ihe
1 inMcpeoueuetf of TeXas bad. hot been sC
(knewledgeiL U has beea Ickjiowkdired
It was ackaowleJged . in. 1637, f?aitut
me remonstrance, sod protest of Mexico;
nnd meat of the acta ef anv imnorlinre. of
which Mr, de Bocancsra comDlaios. flow
necessarily from that, yceoguitiou He
speaks of Texas as still teii.fan integral,
part of ihe isiritoryflhw Mexican repub
lie;' but he cannot but understand that the
United States do not so res-ard it. 1 he
real compfalnt of Mexico.., therefore: is. in
saostsnce, neither more nor less thau- a
complaint agnjhst the recognition of Texan
independence. ' It may, be thought rttllier
inte io repeat that complaint, and not auile
just id Confine it to the United Stales, to
the exemption of England, France, ajtij
oeigtum, untcsa uie Unnad sutes, liavluj
beWh"1?TK-Wlic
blamed for setting anexsmple for the recng
nrtion of that of Tesas" And he addeJ
thst "the canstitution, public . treaties, nnd
he- laws oblige the President -to- regard
Texas as an independent State; and its
territory as no part of the territory of Mex
r)wtwan orgtmisettgovernmentp de
fj iu the power of Mexico ta orenhow or
reconquer her, for.more than ten veara bo
fM(Mexlc
against the United States, Texas bad gjv.i
21ZTt tlLltPlT i!XllTt- K
an iiidepcndent nation, that she had, bear.
formally recoirnisod as such, notnnlv h
. Il I . . " . .
thsUuited Ststwrbn
principal fowert ot Europe 1 hese Powi
vis had entered In'o treaties of smitr, co.n-
merce, and navigation ..They bad
received and -vccriuliujd; ber ministers and
mhedip4titftaHftUi atr thttr ..tesDeenee...
ive enuris, ami iney had commissioned
minisien ana uipiomaue sgents on inetr
part to the government of Texas. If Mev
..,:. 1,.. .n .u;. I I .....
inability to subdue or reconquer Texas.
still stubbornly lefused to recognise her
as sn , Independent nation, she ' was none
llie less so on that account. Mexico her.
self bad been recognised as art independent
naiwo bv'aslU
Powers,,, many . yenrs , before i Spaiiv of
wbwhi be-lcre her revoluiien, she trad been
a colony, would sgree to recognise "hrrs
such, snd yet Mexiee was at thst lima, in
the estimation ef the civilized World, snd
tti fact;-nmieHh less sn independent power
beesuse Spain still claimed her as a cold
nvt-' If Spain had eontinned until the pres
nrperid to assert uuir Mexico , was one
of her colonies, in rebellion against her,
this would not have made her so, or ehang1
ed the faet of her independent existence.
Texas, atr the period of her tsnnexatlnn io
the United States, bore the" same relation
to Mexico that Mexiedhad borne to Spk in
for many years, berors Spain acknowledged
her independence, with this imnurtant dif
fcrence that, before the annesaiion of
Trtsr to the-United Stater wss-ermsurrr4t84u
mated, Mexico herself, by a formal set of
her government, had acknowledged the in
dependence) of Texas as a nation, - It is
true, that in the ant of recognition she pre
scribed a condition, which ' she had no
power or authority to imoose. that "1'eius
should not snnex herself to any other Pow
r; but this could not detract in any degree
from the recognition which ' Mfxiob then
made of her actual in lependence. ' Upon
this plain statement of fets,tt is absurd for
Mexico to allege ss pretext forcommen
cing hostilities against the United Sutes,
that Texas is still a part of her territory.
But there are those who, ' conceding all
this to be true, aw Urns the ground that ths
true western boundary or 1 sxas . is the
Nueces, instead of the Kio ' Grande) and
lhtnhrefinrirrmarcbins
the esst bsnk of ths latter river, we passed
ihe, Texan line, and invade! "the territory
of Mexico.' A simple statement of facto,
known to exist, will conclusively refute
such an assumption. Texas, as ceded to
ittoa, ' rexss, as ceoml to
is bv France in 180:1, has
imed as. extending west to
the United States
been always claime
the Rio Grande, or Rio Bravo. Thir fact
is established by the authority of our most
eminent statesmen at a period when the
question was ss well if not better under
stood than, it is at present. - During" Mr.
Jefferson's administration, 'Messsr. Mon
roe snd Pinckney, who had been sent oh a
special mission to Madrid charged, among
other things. With the adiostment of bona
dy between the two countt js, in a note
addresrr ,h Spanish- M wislet-f Vw4
" anir, uiiiicruaie bi lor tWBniylin I
of January 1805, assert thst the boundsM
riesof LtisMASf as ceded to lbs -United
Stales by . France, "sre the river Psrdidn
on me casv and the nvr Bretoos'-tbAimeasmidiaiiJisms
;wr" unu mry nui, tnni "ine tacis-' ana
pi mciples which justify this conclusion era
so satisfactory to onr government as tn
rnnvitice it ihst the United States have
sot a better right to the island of New Or
leans,' nnder the cession teferrml to.- vhan
thev have k the whole iliauirl of territory
wnicn is aoove ueavTinen. i ? . : '
Te.be centjnoed. .
. ;-.t
Thfr New OrUsn Tronic of lbs fib Inst.
states that he U 8tss venhin Fab.
ion. rsp. Ilagh FullerioH, lefi Ihe preerlT
AgarernA.m iltidec ea'e. twiiera. It r
rseinrrtt th.i Tampico r Vera rrex Is let
tt tttnjie lis ituiion.
.IRHARKS OP'MR.'CRATRSA
. ft. 'cr ;Ci,,V
av . : :
Un itMtatneqduunt of Mr Wilson, of EdgeeeAb
io ins OHI M ineoioorala m f smrtra aod
' Charlotte Rait Road, prorldint th t halfthf
stock subsetibed "should t sciu.Ily psid tri
before iM wolk abatt be eommenced.a?.
Mr. GttMta having concluded.
Mr. GRAVES' rose snd said ' ne" Vti
gratirieiLto nd a change iq the lone, of
address from ' the ' oth r side of lb J Louse.
since the oomsiencemsnt of iM debate---
Wears now called on, ss j. tnots, to fj
get for the moment the ion uei.ee of rknfl
and meet this qneslitm ' ln the calm' tight
of expediency, and 4 punKc" policy; How
wss it in the onset? ' Anpea's were msde tu
pnrtyi Democratic polity wf denounced.'!
YVe were o'd that' the Democratic psrlt
desmed corporations contrary to the spirit'
and genius of ihe joverr(mf nt.''' lis' denied'
ttvh.ejndicniihiry repelled the fropiitatlon.?
tris'inj.tlW u'ntue-tlieAifl
to-thro w around tiitrse inhulicmsaluHrf r
safeguards wholesome : testricllonsj snd
when they' had siiempted this, ' they ' were" '
to be told that the Democratic party 'were
oppbsetTta corporations snd the - enemiet 1
!uf 1mprovimnC;' ' "1
JJJl.lt!Sfe Jbtt'ne- witfrofne
impatience the imputations that bad been
cast dp.)n"ihe pirtjr , o'f "whfoTi he had thf
horlor ofbeinff a member,' ''''t'i .u1'
He repeated that it alTon'ed him'tjlcswif
the dern-raiie party.-Vwm-
,Mw WHalthanges h.ftm over the
iAi.i Ar'ib.ivt ....mI1 ii...
irw.ii. v. rail uiuiu " ..III -
Mlcnlttted the danger of iheoof orfze,tthr 4
subject of the anevdole whipb has been n
trodiicea) fyin nut '
of doortrW drawing
the" party Miheaf He Contended that the wr-
amendmentsWete olTered id "good fsiih.-'3
tc the eommuntiyi snd likewise the eon r
p. iraiioDS themselves sgalnsTlhs 'ratsT.sn
agcrnentofllit.il' officers, binding anmid
then the vigilance Of: every' Stockholder; et
This would have the1. effect to check fb4A
wild spirit of speeutdtidri and reckless ea
terpti-e which' st one time pievsilcd
mongst kit parties, and to which the domix
hant plrtyTirJUirr House seerndisposed
adhere. ' "This is what democrats contend w
for mil it party or not, ?aJ t twi
aru w giinocmio P?ny nrsi SOUf ni
to insert in charters of incorporation wholes t i
some safeguards by uhkbithc SwckhoU
daT-areio be.respoii ible Jndjyidoaliyi for -
the debu or the corporation to the amountt J
oftheit atoclu Ihy-.ere ett by the ua J-
3uaL(ied oppoaiiion- of the" 'Wbigay whc-
encdnccl the applies! ion of she principle
to corporatiorts both public and private. sito
.The first dicussiofls opened in relation to iw
pnste,copsniesriTUei same- objeclioasl
now urged against iU applicstion to publie t
eorporaiions, were then vehemeuly pte$i
eu agaiiisi us appucsuoT m private corpor-
ina mainniania nra tu ni ih ...n - r
since. How stands' the ess now?. The
objectors now give ay snd the justness
of in anulicalion. to private- eomninies. is.
aVtting.lfJ)e generally (ii i is, ootj unt'J3
mousiyj .sdnutjted bv ,al parties, ...Some, "
thing, tlierefore, evjifenily fa been, gained u
hi ilisiniiMiiin- tftswsjssj nvfnui J.o 1
,ip eenaiorrojn jjiuiilord -mainlirtel ,
thst if there was any wionr on tha subieet!
of internal improvements, all parties we're
vrf-ng. Mr. (lrae mainUined that there
parties ,wrre wild in
nar-
IV nereeivinrr the ml.eliif.i wbiVhlmil HtrM
lrom previous ongsrded legislation bpotf
against a recurrer H nf these et'ils in lime vJ
(4 ;coms.The Whigs weren..! disposed
to profif by" these salutary lessons, but
would' go on wilder' Srfd ' warier In thelf
career," snd 'as dangers spring bp in 1ic'
'wsyrnd - einbiiTSSirhtrf.bircsnrf - 4
private, more sirongly thfrtten,fconrdr
theyrush with fur rensed rmpetuosity.'
their notions. fn ll'll-subjcctt .but ihat. wd f
had had experience, Snd experience, yhich !
taught the necensity f change and the
correction of errors. The DemocrLiic r.ar-:;'
!, Ile hsd been not ' little amused at "the
cnorradiciions it)' which -Senators involved fJi
themselves in this deb-te," When' that's
Bajiator from' Wake introduced his bmad
menl, H wss said i' wottM t uitt thr 1 il.- A
If adopted, it Would utleriy fefeit iu lr 1
ihsiiext breath, It was drnonnced ss'nsvt
gutorr toully nnarailmf for. tha purpose H
for whieb H woji. designed ! Then tb-
Senator from KdgewMnb presents hi
fntniline'ilt. TlW ' Je rbaranteiiact) Mi'a.
eeeond .edition of the -jHcaf, oorrecud snii'I
revised,' is an insidioiwsiwkrpop'lnc
hifl.i liilailfld' n itammnf shm! .Ur.l ika . I
tenee f anysuch puVjiose.on the part. H ;3
his 'politics! friends. li,t--i v.t-t4 .a
" (tkntlemen said iff rnditiduals deal wliscni
corpotaliH.s, let them be like any. others fe
ilfijilitig with firms and individuals, lock fs tit
Inemtielves to the abiitty to pay of ilioss IO's
whom they exwrided ewdiii iThie was, vs', c
ty1 good I domriii ,iot tteclMim absovbtif
would not d to carry inin.praclie. 1 nVi'
plain pepple did nof undevstaad: ihe .namr..
of tb's quasi Urdcmttit ., by , whkh. n
Indefinite fluirilef,nfrmdtldul wremm. .
ftse.se.1 (nto aiv ucaF pifffu . by a fiottous
"T"- . '5 i n.r whin linVSn
and Unknnari, ' khve through Nhe' medium
of the persons, niistsi'ously constUuiing