.M ir , v fulfil rr. ffl ffl M'ffla ii.nnn M . m M . ri ssi m
Mi
Et.. y' n-r caw
TBOS JLBMAV, Editob.iv PaeisToaJ
soa-ra e abomw: nviitti i vaaat, tSTBtxtsve ir e
vstcas, iott vai no as a. iitiitii raa eons vb arrac-r " - , - (THREE BOLLAKS A YEAR iivis.. !
TOL 38.
rtlttlfcilt, 1. C , WKPWESDAV FEB. 10, IM
': : '! !(
f
LETTER FROM GEN. TAYLOR
We lay before pur reader the following
letter, which tell it own tory too well
t,o need any comment. It is but jat,
however to its Jberoie writer, whose
courage on J judgment are eqsalled onlj
by his honesty and modesty, to stale that
it was written to a near friend and rela
tive, now resident in this city, endeared
to him by very many years of personal
intimacy, to whom he unbosoms fell his
purposes, opinions snd feeilngs, without
the leet resrve. This friend would tlot
have taken the liberty of making pelic a
communication ot this nature, did not the
recrnt manifestation of tbe envious malig.
nity of the Administration and it servants
and friends toward the man who alone
has saved them and the country from the
consequences of their radmes, ignorence
and incapacity, make it necessary and Just
that the object, of their bate detraction
should, at this critical moment, be heard
ip his own defence, by the .whole people,
in his own simple and honest language.
. We have m ore of this sort to communi.
cate, and shall be able to show that, in
his nVJenr against his own secret per.
sonal enemies and aetfUh detracters, aa
well as against the armed enemies of this
nnuntry, the old hero of tne Rio Grande
is everRxroow asdt Ritot?-"
J . ... K Exprttt. ..
Hb. Q. Amur or 6ccorTio,o iktiuox
. . ; ". Manusray, Ketita, If of. t, 1846. J
My dear
Your very kind and acceptable letter
of the 31tt of August,
reached' me only a short time since, lor
whicV t b?g leave to tenderlo tou "y sin
cere thanks A few confidential re
marks on certain public transaction! are
here onritfcd.l
After considerable apparent ' delay
on the part or he Qr. Master's Depart,
ment.ln getting SteamboaU Into the Rio
Qrande adapted Jo its navigajipnl vsuc.
"ceeded,' towards tli latter part of Au
gust, in throwing forward to Uamarg. a
town -aituatedTm the-San- Juan river,
three miles from its - junction with -the
Rio' Grande, on the west aide, nearly
500 mile from . Rrazoa Island by water
and 200 by land J aed 140 fron ihia
place, a coniidearablo depot of provia
ions, rdnare, ammunition and forage,
-and the-, hiving- brought together an im
portant' portion of my command, I
determined on moving on thia placs.
mules, wilh their attendants and conduct
ors, in the enemy's country, (the principal
means of transportation for our provisions,
baggage, ;&c.) I left, o the 5th. of Sep
tember, to join my advance, which. ha I
proM((ed me a few daya to Serral vo, a
mall village 7S miles on the route, which
I did on the 9th, and, after waiting there
a few days for some of the corps to get up,
moved on and reached here on the 19th,
with 6230 men, -270Q regular, the bal
nee. volunteer. ; For what Vok plae
afterwarda I must refer yon to my several
reports, particufirly to my deta'ifed orte
or the 9iH rlt. I do not believe the
authorities at Washington are at all sai
fied with my conduct in rerd to . forms
of the capitulation entered into with the
Mexican commander, which yv no doubt
have seen, as thy have been made public
through the ejfieial organ, & copied into
various other newtpapera. I have this mo
ment recived an anawer 5 (to my despatclr
announcing "th; urrndef "ftf Monterey,
and the cirrumttances attending the same,)
frwni the . Secretary of War, stating; llrat
"it was regretted bv the President that
it was nt deemed advisable to inaift on
the terms I had proponed in my first com
munication to the Meien commander,
in regard to giving up the city.' -adding
that he circumstancejwhich dictated, no
douSt justified the chaflg.H. . Alt hough
the terms of eepiuUtion miy be consider
ed too liberal on our part by the President
nrf hi adv Uersrta r. wett aa by man v
other at. a d'wtan'e, particularly bj those)
wlio umlerdanii . i'ie potuinn wn.i wt
Acevnfei, otherwise Uiey might come to
a diff rene conclusion , in ! regard1, to the
matter.) vei" no iloey reflection,. ! ae
nothing to inSuee me to regret " the coure
.Iporswed. . ,t ;: "' 'n. j v '
The priprwition on the part of Genera
Amnttdia. whieh had much to du in Uetrr-
mining mr coarse in the matter, was
baed owihe ground that our tovernment
nail -propnaRH iwnn in ieiiie mr
difficnlties bf nerotiatiwn,1 (which I knew
wa the ease, without knowing the reoolt,
which wn then under cnHiration by
the bmner atthorhir. anf which he ( G.
A mood im.t had no ' doubt would raaalt
f.vorabfv. at the whole of h people were
in favor of peace,' If ao.l considered the
fnnher rffuaioa of blood' nt oMt onne-
retiarv. - but rrmwoe.' 'Their force .was
lo rn!ileraMf larirer than our,' and1
frow the i and pnsition of the place, we
rootd not comnle'elv invest it so that
the ereaf ef ftortion of their froops, if not
he whole, had they been disposed to K
. could, ant nirhti have" abandmred the
eity.'af more entered th5 mountain pa-
lf, nd elTecd their retreat. do what
w e;mld ! 5 Had we been pet M .the
a1ierntive f faking the, place hr torm.
farhirh tUre IB nm duabt WO Hnild : hae
aneeett 1 In Jdorn ' we shoald. in I
probability natrt.'ltxt fifty ' w hwodved
me in" hilled besides the woaiuieo,-
whrch 1 'wla'hed "liJavif as there appeared
lab a prospect of peace, eVe'n ' if a
distant one. I alao wished to avoid
the destruction of women and child ran,
which must have been very great, had
ihe atorming process been reaorted to.
Besides, they had a very large and atreng
fortification, a short distance frm the city,
which, if carried with the bayonet, muit
havebeen taken at great sacrifice of life; ,
with our limited train ol heavy or batter
ing artillery, it would have required
twenty or twenty-five days to take it by
regular approaehea.
That they ahould have aarrendered a
place nearly as strong ai Quebec, well
fortified under the direction of akilfal
engineer, their work garniihed with
forty two piece . of artillery, abundantly
applied with ammuniti.in, garriaoned by
7000 regular and 2000 irregular troopa,
in addition to tome thousand citiaeoa
capable of, (and no doubt actually) bear
ing arms, and aiding in ita defence, to
anoppotiing force af half their number,
scantily auppliedVith provision and with
a light train of artillery, is among the
unaccountable ocenrrencra of the times.
lam decidedly opposed to can ring
the war beyond Saltillo in this direction,
which piece haa been entirety abandoned
by the Mexican lorces, all of whom have
been concentrated at San Louis. Potosi;
&T shall lose ho time in tsking possession
of.the former, at soon as the- cessation of
hostilities referred to expires, which 1
have'noiified the Mexican authoritiea will
befthe case on the 1 3fh intt., br direction of
the President or the United States.
If we are fin the language of Mr. Polk
and General Scott) under, the necessity
of "connuerSng a peace, and lhat by
taking the capital of the county, we must
go to Vera Urur., take that place, ana men
march on the citf of Mexico. Io io so
in aov blher direction. I conaidcr out of
the queston. But admitting that we
eanauer a neace br doing so, tar, at the
af . - .
end of the' next twelve tnonthiwiil6 the
amount of blood and tmuf which must
be expeuded in doing ao, be compensated
bv the same? , .1 think. not.espaoiaUy, if
the country re subdue is to be given up;
and I imagine mere are out lew inuivu
ala in our' country who think of annexing
Mexico to the Untied Slates.
ldo not intend to carrt on my operations
st oreviouslT tae0 beyond Saltillo,
deeming it next to impracticable to do to.
It then Womet a nueition at to wnai. i
best to be done. H -aeem to ane the
- - a
most judicious cour4bepnrued oiriirp( otjwrity and fame.
. ' I I t I.L A niuU. d k . . MM Jr. ......
pun wnaiu w m jw....v
of tlie line we would accept by ' negotia
lion, extending from the Gull of Mexico,
to the Pacific, ana occupy ma tune, ; or
keep what we already have possession jofj
and that with Tamp:co, (which t hope to
take in the course of the next month; or
a aoon a I can est the ' mean of tran
portations.) will give ua all on tktti" aid
of the Sierra Madre, and a oon a I
oecuov Sahilo. will include it or seven
Sfates 'or'-PrcVinces ;hu hold Tarn
d'ico Victorit.Mortterer,Saftilo, Monclova
Chihuaua; which 1" preaume- General
Wool ha Dottesion of bf thistfrae) Santa
Fe and the Californ'a and aty to Mexico,
"Drfven from 'tile country r throwjjng
oa her the retponsibility and expense ot
carrying on onensive war at tht ; same
time ctoaeVy bfockcdmgall hef porta enf the
Pacific and the Gulf. A course ' of ' thi
n d: if oreservered in ' for a hort time
would soott bring her to her proper ntet,
and compel, her to sue for peace provided
mere ma government in m
ciently stable for us to treat with, which' 1
fear wilt hardlf he 'lhe ; case for many
year to come. Wifbotrt large rein furce
menta of ; volunteer from theUnited
Stales say ten or fifteen thoossnd, fthote
previotlsrv sent oat having ; aheady ben
greatlr reduced by -- aickoe and - nthe
cisoaltie I J do no believe it would be
advisable to inarch beyond Sattilto, which
is more than SOCf mil beyond our lepot
on the Rio Grande a very lng linn on
which to keen-on supplies (nv-r 'a land
route n ' t country like thU) for a large
lores, and certain to be attended with an ex
pense which 1( win be ffightfol-1 content
piste." wheh rlotety TnoKen mioi
Trom Saltillo w San Louia: ' Potosi, the
next place of importance on the rad to the"
city "of Mexico; is three 'hundred miles
one nunureu ana orl7 - wbicioi.
where no sunolie oumr kind eoul- be
nrocoredTor med tr, norsee. I have 4n
rnrml thV VVar DeDartment that 20.000
efficient men would he neceiry to fnsure"
success if we move on that place (a city
eoniaininfr a noDulaiion of 60.000 where
the enemy could bring togeiner ami stis
tain beside the cluizena. an army of 50
000) a force which I apprehend will hard
I' I.-' H-l.-t -V , WK 11 4Um T frail
necessary to feed it aJ welta to .trinaport
it im ini PEieu uv ua .iw.i
various ninrra unpuea naiiituiuni nun.nv.
ind
In remrdto the armistice. wV'ch would
muunmna ni war
have expired by limitation Irr a few 'daya,
we lost nothing by it as we eoiild Dot
move even-now had the enemy eoniiooed
to occupy 8aliillot for strange to i say the
first waroo whrcn lias ' reached me aince
ihe dec(aniiHi of War wa Onhs 3d r tnl
the same dsy on wtkh received from
Was hingto) an-I acknowledgment :f: my
despatch announcing the taking r) Monte
rey; and then I received only It5, io that
t have been, since May .last eompletsdy
crippled, and ant still eovor waai of trans.
rriatiei. ' Aftea frAing ' and"" scraping
I the roukry ? Ct mile around Camargo,
collecting every pack mule and other
means of tratisportaion. 1 eould bring -here
ooly 80,0r0 rau'ooa,' (fiTieen daya' supply
with a moderate supply of ordnance, ant
monition, Ac, to do which all the corps bad
to leave behind a portion of camp their e
quippote necessary for theif Com foil and in
some inatancea, among the volunteers, their
personal baggage. I moved in sncn a way
ami with such limited tneane thai had
I not aucceeded. V ahould no doubt have
been aeverely reprimanded,'' if nothing
worse. I did ao to auatain the Admin
iatration, '.
Of tbe (wo reiriinente of . mounted mea
from; Tennesee and Kentucky, who leR
their respective State to join me, in June,
the latter has just reached Camargo: the
former had not got to Metamorae at the
latest dates from there. Admitting- (hat
i hey will be as long in returning as in get
tins- here, (to ssy nothing of the lime nee
esaary to recruit their horses) and . were
to be discharged in time to - reach their
homes, they could serve in Mexico but "Very
horttitne. The foregoing remarks are not
made with lh view of finding Jault with
any one, tot to point oat the - dimeulii
with. which I hsve had to contend.
- a' a avi T
Monterey, the capital i pew n,
ta situated on tne Ban juan niver,
it come out of the mountain, the city
('which contains a population- of about
twelve thousand ). being in part aurrounded
by them at the head of a large and beautiful
valley. 1 he houses are ol atone, in tne
Moorish style, with Oat root, whicn, wun
their strongly inclosed yards and gardens.
in high atoae walla all. looped musKetry,
make them each a fortreee: within itself.
It is the most important place in Northern
Mexico, (or on the east aide of the Sierra
Madre t)commandiug the only past or road
for carriages from this aide, between it and
Ihe Gulf of Mexico to the table lands of the
Sierra by orih tough 'which, ' the city ef
Mea ieev can be mched1'"'
I much fear 1 shall have exhausted your
patience nbetreyofi get 3a1f through thi
long and uninteresting letter. - If . so you
can only "commit it to the 'flames, and
think no more about it as I write, in great
haste, besides beinff interrupted every five
minutest so that you muat make great allow
ancea for blots interlineations arid blunders,
as well as want of connection ia many parts
of the.aroe.-J-7':'"-:''7''":7' ""
' Be eo good as to present me .most kind
y to your excellent lady - and accept my
aiocer wishes for yourcountiiiueiL Halkhr
I remain uuly lad aiircerely
( - Your friend - : u
1Z. TAYLOR.
' LATER FROM THE AUMY.
: The editors bl the New Orleans Pic
nynne hove received advices frotnTani
pico, to the Uth instant, by the arrival
of the brig Georgians, at New-Orleans,
: The verbal news she brought was
alarming, it being to the effect that
Snnta Arinhiiad plnwd himself between
Gen. Taylor and Gen. Worth with 33,-
000 men, and lhat a general action was
immediately expected.' All this is ah
exaggeration:' We believe the anthen
t,ic facts to be as follows: "
Col. KJnney arnvea n -l pmptco on
the 12th iiisu direct, from Victoria.-,
He entered that town with Gen. Quit
man on tho evening of, the 7lh insu
Gen. Q.nitnian drove the enemy, before
him for the last thirty or forty miles be
fore getting to Victoria. . The Mexicans
were rel tret ant togive up tne place.' As
Gen, Quitman entered the Mown the
Mexicans were going out on the other
lido." Gen. Q. Ttad no cavaliyund
could not jnursnV them.
t.CoU Kinney parted, from Gen .Tayl r
nt Monte Morales and pushed on with
Gen. Quitman to Victoria, and thence
made, .his . . wayby' :-Bato : Ja Marina to
Tampicor ,i having accomplUhed , 250
miles in three days, and met with mr
Irow escapes, .. '
' t Col. K.'s sorvnnt was' killed, and1 he
only escaped capture by party of 60
Roncheros by telling the Alcalde lhat
Gen. Taylof w near at hand, anrfhnd
sent him forward to prepare supplies. -r
We have no Reason to suppose that
Gens. Butler and Worth have moved
irom Sftltillo, as has beeit reported.
W tbelieve them still there, . with at
feast1 15,000 troops, and that a strong
division of the Mexican, army is';in the
vtcinitv. watching our ruovemenis ana
ready to takej advantage of any Jn vooT4dwySbQlj
able dpportuuhy. -which
.circumstances
mar affords ,4
Pkia. AnnnaA Mma nt ilut . Mexiean
army is obviously a corps of observation; (are supposed to be destined for1 Tuspeu,
thrown otH to Watch the movmients ofjwherethey will, be joined by the Mass.
our own. and to prevent an advance on aehuselis, North rand Souih-Carolin,
San Lni from Saltillo." by cntting ofTr.Virghia, lllrnois and 2d - Pennsylvania
the siiDotres of wafer'.
There was a considerable body of
Mexican cavalry af Tula, nnder Gen
Valencite V' ,;
' Prom a correspondent al Tamtpc
we jearnthat on pie'. 1st of Jandary Gen.
Taylor sent forward , Cof.' ,6fthe
Dragoons, t examine : jhe,' niotinla'm
pats jbei wee n , Morales rahd Xabradores.
On his . reiucr, from ;Xa.bradores ie
xttto. anotlier. Pass leadine, !' Lmares
hd -was jitueked bv a Urea body, ,of
ihe etieniv and bi reaf guard cut od
J w
Thi wa eflected by rolling stones into
the pass, which wns scarcely wide en
ough for a j'ngle horsemnn. May ninu
ajwd to get throiizti with the main
body and readied a sprit where he was
enabled to dismount and return to the
uccorof the fenr gnard,- bin It was too
late, as the enemy had retreated with
their prize. "At one time during fthe
passnpo of the gorge the drngoons would
hare been almost at tlfafmercy of Ihe
enemy had the latter discharged their
pieces with an v accuracy; for the posi
lion they occupied was directly over
the heads of our troops. We cannot
ascertain Col. May's loss, or whether hej
hod any men killed or not. -
Ar the present lime, there can be no
dojibt,.Gens. Taylor, Twiggs, Potterson
and Pillow are at Tictorin,' and with a
lar?e forcn.. Had Gen. Taylor but a
party of fife hundred Texan rangers
with him, their services, wilh the ene
my's cavalry hanging about him in el
most every direction, would be, invalu
able. ;
.Tampico, January 12, 184. ,
Gens. Tavlot and Patterson are at
Victoria with 600Q mm ajwaitiiig orders
from Gen Scott. It .is not supposed
thnt any movement wilt be made against
San Luis Potosi. . It is pronounced the
strongest fortified post lit all Mexico,
and Sanln Anna has said that the man
that takes it is yelcpme to the cnpital.
Gen. Ampudia, in a letter published
ihlhe' Mexican pSncrs, endeavors to
justify himself for losing Monterey, and
boasts (falsely, of course,; tnni ne mulc
ted t pan lis, , with total loss of but 465
in killed, wounded, fcc., destruction J
of 1,124 killed, of 1,080 wounded, and.
of more than ...1.0Q0 missirig. ....p.
The late Meircan papers contain ma-
ny aeknowedements of - gifts - received
tor tne aoiaierSf-cnieuy Jiom jeuiuie......
The Picavrine says that the Mexican
Congress had not tcted upon ottr propo
sition for pence; ' but ihe N. O. Times
learns, from itf letiers,inat tne proposal
has been rejected, only nineteen mem
ber voting to entertain it , '
New Plan of the Ca nputgn. ;
"IUDDears from the following letter,
which we find hi the Charleston Cour
ier, that a new plan 1ms been sketched
for the Mexican Campaign. Although
we fee! convinced that the develope
menls are exceedingly imperfect, and
tliot some tf the names of the place! are
incorrectly given, still if the route in
question is a practicable one, the plan
seems to be well digested, rhe move
ment from Tuspnn has this general ad
vantage over that from Tampico, that it
mav be made either upon the Capital or
upon Vera Cruz, or both, as tho exigen
cies of the campaign may prompt-
thus carrying out the views expressed
by our intelligent correspondent at Sal
tillo, In legard tor' attacking th city
from the land sldo. Tufsphn Is without
half war botweoo, , Tampico and ' Vera
Cmz. and is onlv nnc twe.ity .or iwen-
ly-fire miles sotith of (lie Island it Lobns
OT LMjyna, wnicn is soiu io : nave ueeu
selected as the ffeneral rendezvous of all
the troops now moving towards the seat
of War. The narhour ot i nspan now-
ever, is not a safe one.., Vera Cruz iqj
the double advantage ofbeinp; within a
Striting .distance' of the capital and of
possessing a reasonably good harbour.
Hence the necessity of the complex
movement, t which we have-Teferred,
antf whfch, we think, may be clearly
inferred from the notnreoltho prepara
tiohs fn progress' Not 6ny the spctiwi
of forces which have been organized.
but' the Kind of munitions which have
been forwarded, show that it rs infended
to ta&e heavily ortified castles as . well
as to storm mountaiu passes and cities,
put it is useless to indulge in idle spec
tifations especially as some early and
decided demonstration niry be antici
pated. We give ! the letter. In question
for what it ia worth: m-.v . M'a
; " New-Orleans, Jan. 15r IST-en-rlemen:
ColorieTToften, Chief Engineer
pf the'United Siates arrived' here'to day
front Washmgton. The Rocket and
double Howitzer . TJngnde xpecfed
Pennsvl vania and Mississippi are About
being embarked, and will take ninety
dava ration Whh them. .These troops
.TT1!JU1S " J livii -w"svw .
is unknown, as every avenue to informa
tion is rnrefully guarded; but tt ia new
snesssed at that a march wit I - b' mhd'e
direct on MexitfofromTnspair byGu-
a'nehinago, Pa panda Apnh,Tnd 'I ezano,
nlomr rhe route 'over which the Indian
runners pMssea ' in iwenry nmr noars
from the Gulf to Mexico in the time of
Monte zunm.' The distance i only' two
hundred and fifty- miUsaiid the rood is
said to preseiit .no Verfons "obaiacTesIri
ihe march of troop. Ceu ' Scott' will
ndvnnce at'onc'tf " 5nn Luis' Pofoj,
- : i . ' i . ' . I m .
siiuuiianeousiy win tne tuspuu inove-
mont. It i supposed that Santa Anna
will not light at Pot oil when he finds
(i,0O(1 men advancing from Tti'pnn,
but will fall back on Qneretaro, and
from thence to Tnlaezihgn, in order to
opfiose our advance from Thspnh. . 1
At this point he rati mnke a strong
stand. But here this double Howitzer
Brigade will act with great efficiency,
In order to understand how, '-"-it Is ne
cessary to describe the pass of Tnlnezin
go. it is lormea ty a cnasm in tne
mountain; the rocks rise nlmost per
pendicular to ft height of 150 feef. The
road between w(U admit of tio more
ihun 4 n ules abreast. Tho Puss is otir
ly one quarter of a mile in length. Over
this chasm there is a natnrnl bridge ,of
rock, which is accessible by a steep ond
devious ascent, t y which mules can
ascend. Tho double mountain Howit
zer will be placed on mules and carried
to the natural bridge, when the road Itf
the west of the pass will be completely
commanded to the distance of 1,200
vnrds. an that the enemv's forces must
retire oiuhe apprrm
that distnliice. .Unr troops ..wul-fhtts be
ennlledJo,niove through the pass and
debouch into an open. tableau of land,, of
some miles in exietil, without hindrance
of the, Mexican,, artillery. , Our, army
will then make a fln'nk movement oh
Apan, which will compel the Mexicans
to move on . to Tczann, 50 miles from
Mexico, In the mennti me General Scott
will move rapidly on Mncotit " Cliico,
and the Ileal del Monte, and hence to
Pachtica and Ottimbn. The rond'lrom
Ottimba to Texano it exceedingly, dif
ftqultjjand perhnpa it rjaay . not. be ; nece4f
sary to louow i i oruer to lorm a junc
tion with ourcororrtTis wai'Zflniiriso,
Gen. Scott will by right flank move
ment reach Isthalmaca, 15 miles ' from
Mexico.;' . '. ' . ;, ' ;v.
' I hare thus briefly stated what is
whispered amongst military men here.
Though Vera Crux ia believed to be the
point oi atiactc, t inn; myscii..ujs ua-.
sighed only as a, feint,. , 'rha, arrival . of
CoL Totteu:wio isconsidored us om?
of the most skilful .Engineers , in Hie
world, has created no smull sensation
ia military circles, Ilis mouth uclot
ed. : ? " '". '!'-';' ' : 1 ' ;! ' "f
I will tvfilM vnil nemiVi srvinf ; ffs
-;. Vnurl A
ANON.
w a V)
nu.
BAtGEUS SPEECH.
i In Ihe" Senate of tht United &tatt$,t
On the Bill to authorise' the appointment
: of a Lieutenant General, to command
' ihe'Miliiary forces daring the War with
Mexicof-j' aii. ':' j
Mr. BADGER ; said, that the best re
turn, he believed, he ' could make to the
Senate foe nt kindness in 'adjourning' -yesterday-;
in order to give him an opnortu'ni
iv to say what he had to say to-d y, would
be to proceed itf once to the atalement of
iliose reasons which seeraed tor trim, to
present an' insuperable objection , to , the
ffrantini of that which Ihe President of the
United Slate aaked of, thenf. and,, wlifch
ibe bill upon ihe uble pi opoaodo grant., r
; Tbe proposal (ssid Mr. B.jU to appoint
a commanding General, wbo.coaunisaioA-
d as Lieutenant ..General, shall command
all ihe armies of die United State. If ibis
bill, Mr, President. shsll pas into a law
jhe proposed high office t be created, by it
muat, be filled eiuiet by in present general
commanding Ihe atmy, of by some junior or-.
6cer uf the ermy or by some chizen to ba .
taken from the -.walks of private life, j In
the firt cae, air, 1 Uiink it must. bot manU
(est, on , a very .lilUe reflection, that rti
aieasuio must prove snyrely naeleS.., The
major, general bow commanding I h& army
ioiumanda all, tlie lorc;s about him; his
command extends over the whole, .district
or department which ihe r President of be
jjniled Sutes has assigned may , asstn
him; and a lieufenaoi. g'ert'ej'al, , though hi
(ill may be, loftier, can .no, -no moreY The
President ol1 the United Stats niky assign
to the present commanding major general
of, the army the whole, enure, and absolute
cpatrol tinder him of all'Vie md ita ry opera
tion of the war, and he may assign, though
he, is not bound to assigrr, to-'a 'lieutenant I
generaf, o ftliisVoffider , with ' thef litl of;
lieutenant general, tne same large , anu
ei'tensive" authorjtyJthe 1 President -of
the TJniteif States naf eonfine the : present
sen'or major general r the array to t par.
tic ul ar dis rtci, tb' narro W com m a nd , or
to a small body of troop. s can he confine
ibe same 6 Beer elevated to the 'grade of
lieutenant general; ' for',1 by the exprev
provision lot the Cohstitutibn, by the' inev '
itsble 'necessity pf the case, by whMever
title he maf'be called.' mior irbneral m
lieutenant' genera, he lit at list umlee' flie
absolute eontmror dirsctmn of I the Trtii'
dent himself, who ia the sole constitutional
commander-ln'ehter.'J By eh4hgmg there-
for, the designation of' major general io
lieutenant generat, yea do not vrrlnrje hi
sbrhot ity for the" eh it f com miind of the
while. arm r. i; Incident to no general,
Whatever his grade may be.' unless When
iliat ar'mV Is' Cotteeted together artd actititf
ii one body nd', wfin vo collected and
acting njrrthetTtur eniei . command isrmw
cideuttd tbe enWomVerywhethrr -called
1)-... . f .T t . f
ted 8tstee. The capacity io carry jnto'
execution tbe duties, assigned to him mut ,(
ilcpend upon the fore belonging ,U hur
command, upon the fbrre ophoied to bim. V,
Snd opoti bia personal quslificatirins -bisl.i
genius , to contrite, bm skill to Cbtrfblna,
and hi energy to execute whatever ebte'J 1(j
prise the crisis of aBsir Way rr()uire. . If .j
seems to me, then, thait aothilrj rart bd ;.
founded a pon alighter grounds thin tbf,4
opinion, if it prevail at all, that the- nicer,t
who i sow the senior major general will v,
be In any respect better enabled t diavf j
charge, wiih honoe U hfnilf-lf and! advantJ,..
ege to the eo6nry.,the tnuVs assifned binr
by the aim pi operation of etrifipg et 4t
mnjof general, from his comnuisiou arn!,,
inserting lieutenant general.., Btit, ,iir, if
the officer who it to fill this high place j S1
hot io -both present commanding general -:,
of the army, but some junior officer etvsv
ted. ever hia head, 1 admit that this meaf
ure then ceaaej jo,., be sleai it betonwe
mnchievous, it losses ha cluffa'cter of harenf-
fevinest, it is tf ue, but it asuine on pf ,i(l
groaa iniusiice.. It u, llien, mad the oc-- 7
caaion for offer log an open intuit to i gal, ;.
lant officer who Ufa has bn detotecf 'j
to tne soi vice 01 nrs country j wnnse, biooa
has beert shed oa hr ', bnttle-rield; whose
deeds of arms, during what ha not inapt-
f.. Ii; ll.l .li ...t.J i
iv ovcn.caiicu jiio avvuuu . war 01 inuepcn-s
Amnpf. pliilnd nlnirv fVnni PrAtutonl lnhfj"
ison, thank from Cvugress,' and eiithusf. v.
aatio admiration from the whole people t ;
man whose gerrctons homa'nhy. Jifgh miP
iury qualities,, and bfilliaril Coorage havsT H
earned (of him, not only , in ibis country, , j
iiru'Biinifi(- major general. isori u B i
rapacity of the ofScer tJ difrrarguwirhi,i
effect, to carry into saceest-fu' j'e.iilts lh j
duties assigned to him, in ihe smallest t
degree intrealed by a change of title or arr"
elevation to a higher eraie. . The anihorlty .(
must eome from the President of the Unt." ,
tjut ihroughpuv Jsurtipe, an. honorable .repu- -.
tation, and whohai contributed te Jttlevate
di American nanier And if. iiT(eal of a '
junoir officer front among that b'arid 01 rfo'.
ble spirits who lead our arm, sorrfs cm f .
to be takeh fr6rt civfl .life.- theW, Tr;' In "
volved in the ssm Insult whh their chief,'
we find all those rallant officer who -rojaghl'l?
t Pald AHo. st Reeca.' at1 Fort Brown,
and af Monterey Cheers whose fnfrepia . .
ity ti ths theme pi every tongue Hie pride '
of every heart officers who have showtr' t
tbetnselvee deservhYg of tne highest honors .(
and who hifebeenViomf bf ihem at least.
elevated by yeor brevet officers of when '
it is not too much 10 say trrar (bey passes
sll the hrgh osfilif which have enobled '
either officer r -soldi -r in any aervie ii
in the world.-' Sir, uch orjust retnrne Uf u ,
noble aeavice mutt inflict a pang .of shante
on noble and gallant and patriotic hearts:-
a return which no ricceasity esn tusury.i
and which, in my judgmeiit,' wdiild rand, i
as a foul blot open the cseotcheon of thiat U
great Republic.' Sir, ould this tnsuK stop a
heref No, ir. ' It would ihfliet a pain ,
upon the nerve that vibrates in every noble
hearth and1, my drd for It, if each a, taw as t;i
thi be pasded if civilian be advahc(l;
over ihe bead of all those gtdlam ;pjrit
in our' army to the ehief command; pot 01V-- j
ly would tht) braVe offioers ana soldier's' of .,
our army, but. evetSf he : very ;uilr id,4
follower of tli camp,, feel their. Cheek 3
lingle with indignitinn fend sfra'me,. at ifie
affront offered to that body and its head. pfi
which they were the humble retHmer. !,
Sir, there i not an instance ia )h liUt'ory -of
thi country wliicb, can rve . ;pre'w
rcilenlf there not an intahee whicl can, ,
justify such a thing'., It Is , trap, ii, ,tht,
in 1708, when the country, possessing far ?
'inferior powers and. Inferior capacities (or
military defences, was threaiiaed with an,. -inevitsble
war with the proudest and biav'
est and most powerful; iatroji'pfJJt'if d"7
it is true that on that occafldn the officer of
lieuienaotc general. wf :1estbljshed,,'am,
Washington, waa eaHeT .tVnwV'r that desi
nation to.take command tf all the armlet '
of the coohtr.. : , But," sir ( wai'Wishinp
tottwao was, called to'uke that e6mmand:','
ilv.Waa for. WashinVtoh,"tliat "that tink' ttii
established. Washington waa the! 'In' re-"
rJrement, which h Joved-enoylrilf""the''
ease and solace of dorasrfo fifr, wntch ft .
had earned for' himself by lonff and gloriooa "
to3." Waahingtoit wti chlled' fo lhat rem
manu" by the peoplt, by the' afmjp itself ,.
called to' take the -chargh and - direeliatfof'
those great rnjlnaf' nntcet. 'AHd. it h ,
returned nnon the 'staire 'of aCirve lifer"ift
he 'eft the spot In which he hoped1 lopae
without 'InlarrnnlibiV 'lhev fi4W rmliiuin(rr
without 'Iniermplibn' therfes emiiing
days of n life; safely It?' sv'dfur him; rf
was due to that iiiilnr'- pOaiiiort f emvl
nance and- glbiv w hieh he b l neewpied in 3
tbia country. -' Yes, sir it was due to hinvd
who. as he had been first in war. was Mson
first in peaeej'1 U1 ws iduet Jil' char-
ae'ter,1 talaj pWmmai ' throughout
the whole' hrendih of ihi land; it. was dae
to tfiejrood position wliirh i I e oecppied.
id the civilized world; yea! ' it wis dueto
hint,' whenat thf iall of "hie mnlry w la t
surrendered ' rose aiid-.eomfortr to appear!,
nfee mOrti tf poi thrfiehl of aime.v that hat
ahbu'ld doit with a tiU eorrtp it ling Iv
ome degree with, ! hi at and superior,
merits. -rti , lt, ti .i-r,j. fa ...j j u..
ftil, the ';stat 'hf tilings' fs now'ehanged I
We' hae"v)nt ' Wsahinglom'We cannot; if
we look "thronghnut the Whole onry
find In Vetlremenl email h whoa' hca.lt-
j na'ion hMm?V have; wltv eniir'e nnani-t
nntr, heert showered a ait him. -V can
not hHitc' ahrmid and' find eome oa pn
whoae name grrttefolTy cheriahedee havv-y
.ia? been owe die fviour of -bia TOttntrr,'
e
-f