o I.,
' .'4 (4Msl I .
TIIOS. J. LEMAY, Editor and Proprietor.
"flnrtlKaror.u. potoejrfunn tnttricctur, moral bud p&pcalce0uric-t&e Unft ot oup a-h-fa ano rlje feome of cue affection."
THREE DOLLARS Yar; tyAdvjm.;;
VOt3
RALEIGH, It. C . WEDNESDAY. JANUARY , ISIS.
i-t ,,. .... ,,, H
i a If
PL fflnl IT IifflL.il - r InH ml OP . M I il 111 III A IB III II! iaTiW HI ,n III ll! I III BYI I'll 'ffl tsa V1 IP BffiMW
WINTER AND SfKlNG SESSION
or
jUNDOl.PH MACON COLLEGE.
r p HE Sitting Srttinn of lliie Intiirotron will emu
1 nttM on Wednesday, the 19th ot Jaiiaary.
FACUM Y OP COU-KGE-W.
A SMITH, D. I) iWideol aad Professor
l Mental 4 Mml Philneopav.
OAVII) DUNCAN, A. M. Prof, of Aoeieot
fonrnares.
fcZKIilEL A. RLANCH, A. M. Prof, of pun
aad applied Mathematics.
KKV.CIIA9. F. DKEM3, Prof, of Expert,
mental Seienee-s.
OLI VBK H. r CORPRFAV, A. B. Tator f Aa
cieM Lanroae end MelheaMina.
Or. J. 8CHIMMEL, A. Al, fnslrwelov el the
Pmnh lngii(te.
I'KINCtPAIA OP PPF.PARAT OH.T SCHOOLS.
vV ILUAM T. DAVM, Principal or the Prepar.
lory Sebool t College. -'.. .
CHAhXKS B. STUART, A. a, Prioeipal of
Ibt Preparatory School at Garysbgrg, N. C
i Principal of the Preparatory
A'cheoiat KWgewa,. N. C.
The Collegiate year it divided into I wo aesaioea.
The, trat brgme ft week! after, aod.taeseeoad HI
weeks before, the 9l W ednelay wt Jane. To euea
as tiesire lo enter Col leg , M iejmportaat thai I bey
tie in alleadaaee at lit opening- ot Ibe aeawoa. A
abort absence at that lima raajr place a Muiletit under
limdvantstes whiah will impair hia scholarship
threexaoat lha eeesWn. Our enorae ot atade ia ao
arranetl aa lo meet tbe wanta of jroun meti wbo
ilnire to aeqnire an itenaire Eiilib crtocatioa,
wilhout MutliaK the ancient language. The bea
tHi to be dorrred froaa tho Baa nt tbe Ubrariet
ami troi alteuilanee .ota tba JJlerarf . Soatiea
ahould atronlr induce auch joang men to urate;.
" aula their atufiee Wie la orler for a aluifeal lo
enter opoa the bagliak eoorte, he man be the
roaghl acquainted with bagtiab Grammar, G.
ography and Aritbmetie.
t'be expenae of thie Inatitatinn are aa follow at
Board per aeaaion" t-U'i Tniiion aad tlepoaila tee
per aeuroa, ftM SU are for tbe Uollrgiatc
)ear, rxelaaiv r incitUmitl exnenaea, whiali i
civile the eoat of text aikt, lael, fumitore. be.,
lor room in College. We reeneelfulljr adtiae pa
rent that more pocket laoaejr thaa aeecaiar lo
eepuljf the rraaonable wanta ot a undent ia Mjori
aa. 'Ilea praetiee nf eontraeting debia tab tt adce
ten ia ihe aiuiaitf of Cnttrgn, la in a high degree
prrntcioea. A la ot the State of Virginia, with a
iw to provide a reraedr for thia ban of all Colle
ge!, it to thia efleetf 1 hat any merchant who ahall
git aredit H a Cotlree 'atatlent, wUhtmt frttil
authtrity ffm hit partnf.tr UHnrihan, ahall,
- Uliotf enieilUll Ot in uei, lurieii tue newt, loriett
.bii lieaaaej'. W-W niwit- 500' I)rent
awl gatrdiana have due regn4 lo kta raw, anti
where H eaa he aeecaaary le npea aa aeaoaat with
a Merebaut, let the indiidual be designated, and
tbaamoont ipecifiul, and tbe evil will eeaae, j
PREPARATORY DEPARTMENT.
Tbe primary objtet ot the Preparatory Schoola,
ia to prepare yuuig mea for College, bat the eoura
of atmly i aueh aa lo meet the wants of Ibe neigh
borheoili ia which they are located, and le qaalit
aludeata for the ordinary eeeupataina nf life.
Tbe School ia tb .vieiivity or College anatiaaea
nderlhe dirrotinn of Mr. W. T. Uii, aa able
aad aMseaaful Teacher, aad my own Immediate
eupervieioa. - - a - ;
lla Kiiiom and vaaatione are the aaaae a thoaa of
the College proper. Tbe eoat of board, ate, ia a
liltle leai thaa a atodent Ot College paya,
Uoardingaad letlging hi prhrate familiea, iaela
ding all auneitary rapenietv $10 per month.
Tuttioa per aeaaioa for Claauaal alvdeata, (30 00
,. ., m Engllah aiodiet, IS 00
For lha preparatory eehool at Uaryabarf we have
nbtatacd the eereieea el Mr. Chariea R. Bieart, who
graduated at our InatitoHoa with ha hhjheat bonora,
'aad whohaa been teaching with eminent raeeeaa
ainee that lime. Hit acheol will aentmenee oa the
3rd Monday in January . The acWUaatie year will
be divided into two aeaaioat ot five anaiht each
Hoard aan be obtained la the beat lam diet at ( or
$ 1 per month. The rate of tuition per aeaaion
are for tireek aad Latin, $17 tor reading and
apelliiig (10 i tr other Etigliab branebea $13 0
The acbool ia m aa eligible loeatioa, in an luiel
litent and moral eommetiitr ia Nnrthamnton eoaa-
ly. V. Us direotlv at the" joaetioa of the Porla-
mnulli and Wilruingtoa llail Itoada.
1 he acbool at Kidrewav. N. C. ia ttill aaaop
plied wkb a leaeher. Ot well qualified In take
charge of thie aahool would nblain a profitable and
tiermaoeal aUuation by apf liealipa to Ibe aubacri-
I'eranna aendln to the Preparatory Department
on acholarhip meat Bead ta ibe aehnol m tbe !
eiuily of College, anleaa totae apeaial arrangemeat
liavla with tbe aubaeriber.
W. A. SMITH.
January A. 8-3c.
- ' - For the Star
Mr. Editor: Can.it be ilioagltt, that, in
tills enlightened day, ilie labour of all tbe
tliflerrnt MOcialiun, m put forth by them
at thia lime, ate commensurate with the
awful evils which arejdily growing out of
ins seuing ami nsiag Aiuf nippnjr
and of all tliat ther tlo. will it lie consid
ered adequate to arreit the direful prorras
and fie terribta havoc that it is waking
with the youth. and the aged of our land
It is no doubt coown to you, and the read,
ing commttniiy, that it is cunlended by
some, t- at it is only the prerogative of the
Ministers end Church Mrmbers to stop
thi tide of iniquity, If ibis is granted,
vrhtt are the means used by them, and in
what consist the, efforts which they put
forlh to save the poor inebriate? Do tley
go from House to House, to get heir af
fections,, by treating lh.nv kindly ? and
do Ihejt wach their Jta) snnmMtte, Ddiru
urn Trtmti, and visit them after nights
nf debauch, so as to-eooah and quiet their
lacerated feelings, after the fumes of alcohol
have gone offf And do they iit the wives
of the inn;, .addicted husbands to hear
their ta'e of woe, anl, if posssible, W wi
and soolh their feelinys, by meeiinj their
iinching wantt! Ntw, perhaps tome
may hstre done' all this ifor a time bot
have they followed imp,' tanlil they hare
been the means' in ; tlie hand of tlod ttf
bringins; back M their right mindu,'-ami,
by . kind aetions end treatment, gettiie
thent to desist from ail-that will eici'e or
iitUixirate, and to prevail upon litem to
hUo the eontpitny' of 'ttll,' nowitter how
near and dJar they wtj be M them 1 as re
lattons or friends, that would) -advi-e ' them
o pattake of any thin that would inflame
ort-xeite thjtmT ; Nothiii abort of this Can
jeaeb and ave- the poor' ImtbriatM', 'and
;ft them from lb drnnknnrs' graire:-.
Tkis has bt-eh the ptedaitif (tiboirr of lovr
wUheneady eceiiiobs of all' temperinee
oekttnme.'j.! -4 i i -7 tf'tt i't.".n.t i
...i in fxitoumiiu tuiie iMriout i
Scripture, which denounce this great and
ervinsr sin : such as, "No drunkard shall
inherit the kinjrdem of heaven " And wo
"unto him that petteth the bottle to his
brother's line. . This lantruage ia of
serious imoort : and the inquiry ought to
be. how fur Ministers and Church Mem
bers have participated in helping1 oa this
worst of all evilst We lesve thia to their
consciences tosav. we judffe no one.
But it is thought that ery many or both
clashes gie the whole of their influence
in that war, by both using and giving 2! to
others. ' New if they are the only author
ised legs! agents appointed and set apart
to do thia glorious work,' then ought they
not to be the good Samaritans to' all poor
inebriaieeT to visit, counsel, persuade, as
sist and bring them ' back into their right
minds, and save them from the drunkard's
grave i and give the wholt of their influ
ence to the sjdejpf.temperance and sobtie
ty j lest the inepriates turn round and say
to them, M Physicians, heal thyselvesT
But theie is a question which is difficult to
solve, that is, how csn those who are ad
dicted to the bowl be benefitted by the
Clergy from the sacred desk, when they
seldom, or never enter the Church ; and
even if they did, how could they be reach,
rd by the teathed word, or even ly" the
Holy' Spirit, when fbey are moat generally
under the influence of the fumes of alcohol?
But if it is atiil considered that the labours
of faithful Pastors from the Pulpit is ade
quate lo restore and save the drunkards,
why ia it, that up to this lime, upwarae ol
thirty thousand have gone down to the
drunkard s grave annually ; and if it is to
be considered a work of supererogation
for Associations to exert themselves to save
this class of persons, then upon whose
skirts will the loss of so many souls
yearly fall? Yet they are dying daily.
and that too coming irom tne ran its oi
those whtt4tM!.!?.dKtD
PM4mm rxa!ly and
truly the traw . materials Irom . which poor
inebriate are. daily manufactured. But
we think ihrt it can be truly affirmed, that
not one was ever made uom the influence
of real Tetotallers. ,
1 hen. all mast see that the evil comes
from and falls upon those who do not give
the whole weight ot their influence with
Ihe temperate). And it must be known.
that the moderates, who use any kind of
Alcohols, whether it be wine, beer, or
cider, that the great responsibility must
rest upon them t and what can be eaid of
those, who contend for the manufacturing
of sli kinds of liquors, and will also give
their aid at all hazards by voting that Li
censes may be granted lo sell all kinds of
Atdenl spirits to the destruction of their
own sons, neighbours and servants! it
must be known that whatever a commu
nity of this kind will sow, of the same they
will .most assuredly reap ; and if they
grant indiscriminate Licence, they must
expect their childten to be ruined. In all
towns where there is a small population,
when in the course of a limited time, a
certain number of their children and friends
are destroyed ' by intoxication, and thet
question .is put, who slew all these! it is
not nf difficult solution to show, that it
must be the makers, venders, and all who
give their countenance and influence to it,
during that period in which the deaths
look place, pfot one fraction of ; the guilt
Can be put upon the tetotallers,' for they
touch not, taste no the unclean thing."
Ana they only nave the sweet consolation
to know that their influence was on the
side of sobriety, hnmanitv and love for
their species ; and, Mr. Editor, we believe
that the time it not far distant, and that the
day is even now dawning when the Minis
ters and Church Members will see the great
responsibility which they hve brought
upon themselves, for contending that they
alone are the only authorised agenta to do
this great and good work. From this hour
they should take .a bold stand and unite
their efforts with all Associations to try to
arrest this vast tide of iniquity , which ap
;i ? :j .
pcara it oo wiut-niiig anu spreauing tne
Stream o . woe daily. And now, at this
very time when. Manufacturers, Venders
arid .he users of all kinds of Alcoholic
drinks are united as oneman in doing all
the mischief they can, I ssy is it not lime
for every Philanthropist, who feela for
his peci'e, M come up in die help of tbe
poor inebriates, which i'a truly a good
work t ' For wtTiit will it avail us, at the
last day,' to see so many of our near and
dear relation and friends who have been
destroyed by intemperance, while we were
contending with each other, who were the
nrnnar narnnle In rlii 4 hie IiImamI .twrtrkr-
Stilt it has to be lamented, thai so many of
the friends of Temperance stand aloof from
this labour ol jlove, beeaute, as tbey asy,
that So many of those who have been once
connected with such, .associations, have
c(hie back to tliefr eups again, . This, in
some , respects, is lamentably s rue yet
how many thousands have heeo e'aved
from tin drunkard's grave, and have, made
good citizens and very many have died in
the belief or a common Saviour and . have
gitne lo their final reward at his right band.
Then let nonn stand back, but ra'hej be
workers',' and thousand of mothers god
chitdrenwill ' rise nd call you blessed". .
, . . ;4 ,.iM .. fH.MOORE'. Y
j j. . . - .i v. - . t
f:t ijt!o Sill
SON'S OF TEMPER ANCE
It wlil no doubt hi "'graiififint t
the
nt ' J " rfftnniiranet' tmil- 'Morali
ty, to
ty, tu kjru fiat ll.e tl. Ur of ll.e
Sons of Temperance in North Carolina,
a progressing, and that during the last six
imonths, it has advanced more than for the
three years preceding: Several new Di
visions have in that lime been instituted;
men of the highest character and standing
in the State have taken hold of the work,
and the prospect of its extension through
sur entire limits is becoming every day
brighter. But we are satisfied thai an
acquaintance with the Principles of the
Order would ensure for it a more speedy
entrance upon the good work of the many
Phr'anthropiats and thorough Temperance
men with wh!h the good old North State
abounda. We call, t2n, upon every friend
of humanity to give us their" aid in accom
plishing the laudable, beneficent oCf phi
lanthropic designs, which it is the , objeot
of this Order to effect. By it the molt
virtuous csnnot be sullied, so pure are its
principles; the exalted in'tslent and worth
be degenerated, eo lofty and ennobling are
its designs, nor the joyous hilarity of youth
and vigor be rendered melancholic, so viv-
Hying and refreshing are the pellucid
stream which flow from its chrystat fount.
So sacred and pure are the principles
which the Order tnculcates, that however
eminent the aland ing of a man for Pietjr,
Benevolence, arid all the Christian virtues.
his connection with It, will be found but a
nearer approximation to that character of
which the blessed Redeemer spoke, when
he said "Inasmuch as ye have done it
unto one of the least of these, ye have done
it unto, me."
The next Session of the Grand Division
of North Carolina, will be held in Fay-
etteville, on the 20th instant, after which 1
hope to give you a more accurate account
of the growth ol the Order in the State.
I would remark, however, for tbe infor
mation of the Public, that communications
relative to the Order, asking information
or otherwise,, if addressed to AutXAiiDKa
M lUoajitAitOfAiMi. Sctrbe 4ll4ghi -will
meet with the moat prompt attention.
f O.S.
For the Star.
Mr. Editor ; I agree with "A Looker
On," in Ihe Register that every true Dem
ocrat is bound to go against the favorite of
the Standard fur the Presidency, Jiuehan
an, of Pennsylvania. How can any Re
publican vote for him? ;He is the old
Federalist, who wanted to let oat every
drop of hia Democratic blood, if he bed
any in his veins who was dead against
the South on the Missouri question who
voted for all the high Tariffs for Protection
in I824-29- 33 and who wat . gmUv of
fA vrwardonabie sin o tottnr tor IM
abominable WKg Tariff of
, U in ths fjoaxxa.
SCOTT AND HIS GENERALS.
The Washington correspondent of the
Baltimore Sun gives the following state
ments, in the truth of which he says the
most implicit-reliance may be placed: .
'1st. That all the differences between
Gen.ls 8cott and Worth will be submitted
to a Court of Inquiry, to be held in Mexi
co. Both officers will be relieved from
command and duty for this purpose
2d. Gen Pillow and Col. Duncan will
be brought befora a Court Martial. These
are facts.
It may be that Gen. Tavlor wtll be
put over Mexico, as commander-in -chief
of the army, and having civil powers con
tided to his judgment." '
It ia also lumored that Scott And these
Generals are to be called home. -The
whole matter remains in doubt. '
, SPEECH OF ME, CALHOUN,
Inth Senmti tht United Stttet, Janua
ry 4, 1848, upon hit Ketoluttont.
Rttolvtd, That le caaqoer Mexico and to hold it
cilhar aa a pro viae oc to incorporate it In the
Union, would be ioconaute&t with the avowed
object for which the War -has been praeeeated: a
departure from Ihe act tied policy of the Govermaot;
in sonnies wan tu character and feniua and ia
tbe end, subversive of our free and popular inatitu
lioos. '
Rettlvtd. That ao line af policy in the further
proascauea of tho wat should he adopted which
may lead to consequence to disastrous. ,
1 Mr. CALHOUN said: in offeiinar. Sena
tors ,thete resolutioosf or your cooside ration
I am governed by , the reasons which
induced me to oppose, the. war;, and by
whien I have been governed since it was
sanctioned by Congress. In alluding to
my opposition to the war, I do not intentl
to touch on the reasons which governed
me on that occasion, further than is. neces
sary to explain motives upon the present.
1 then opposed tne war, . not only be
cause it might have been easily avoidedt
not only .because the president had no
authority to order a part of the ' d ie puled
territory in. possession of the Mexicans
to be occupied: by our troops; not oolyi be
cause I believed the aUeraiiona anon
which ivongres, sanctioned ihe war untrue.'
bu from high considerations of noilcvt
because I believed it would lead ta man'
and seriras ejvils) to the country and great
ly endanger its , tree institution. Bul
after the war was declare),by authority of
trie uovernmeot. 1 acquieseeu in t what I
could not preveu, and which it waa ' im-
possible for me to arresii, and l then felt
it lo be my duty to limit my effmu to giving
such direciicn lo the wares would, $a fat aa
pwsible, pieveni the evils and danger with
whirh' it threatened the country and ! its
inafiiuiions. : For ties Diirnoseau'hei .last
essiob.I sngg-sie J to the Senate the poli
ey ruf adoiring a defi-psive line, and for
the same purpose I now offer thete resolu-
tioos. This, and this only, is the motive
which governs me on this occasion. I
am moved by no personal or party consid
eraiions. my omect is neither t sustain
the Executive nor to strengthen the
A ... ae a
opposition, nor simpty to aischsrge on
important duty to the connlry: In
doing so, I shall express my opinion
on all points with the Ireedom and bold
new which becomes an independent Sena
tor, who has nothing to ask from the
Government or from the. People. But
when I come la notice those points on
which I differ Irom the President, I shall
doit with all the decorum, which is
due to the Chief Magistrate of the U
nion. I suggested a defensive line because, In
tbe first placti, I believed that the only
certain mode of terminating the . war ., suc
cessfully was to take indemni! in our own
hands by occupying defensively wiui our
military force a portion of lha Mexican
territory which we might deem ample for
indemnity; and, in the next, because I
believed it would prevent a great sacrifice
of life and property; but, above all, because
I believed that it was the only way we
could avoid the .great danger to r Ntatiiu
lipn against which these resolutions are
Intended lo guard. The President took
a different view. He recommended a
vigorous prosecution of the war not for
conquest that was emphatically disavow,
ed but for the purpose of conquering
peace that is, to compel Mexico to sign a
ttenty ceding sufficient territory to indem:
nify the claims of our citizens and of the
country for the expense of the war. I
could not approve of this policy.; I op
posed it among other reasons, because I
believed there was no certainty that ' the
object intended to be effected would be
aceompliahed, let the war be ever so succts,
fuU ..Conjrreis 4hought- diflVrenilf, and
vmitewsiirpta
money. Tor carrying out the policy rreom
menuea ty tne rresiaent. it n&s now
been fully tested under the most' favorable
circumstances. It has been as successful
as the most sanguine hope of the Executive
could have anticipated. Victory after
victory followed in rapid succession, with
out a single reverse. Santi ' Anna repelled
and defeated with all his forces at Bueni
Visfa Vera Crux, with its csstle. cintured
the heights of Uerra Uorda triumphantly
carrieu Jsisppa, rerote.anu t'uebla occu
pied and after many triumphant victories
under the walls of Mexico its gales opened
to us and pat us in possession of the Cap- j
ital. But what has all these splendid
achievmenta accomplished I ' Has the
avowed abject ol the war been attained?
Have we conquered ! peacef Have we
compelled Mexico to sign a treaty? Have
we ootsined indemnity f No. Not a
single object contemplated by the cam
paign baa been effected, and what ia worse
our difficulties are greater now than they
were at the comrrieneeir enf and the objects
sought more difficult to be accomplished.
To what ia this complete failure lo be attri
buted? Not to our army. It has done
all that skill and gallantry could accom
plish. 11,1s to be attributed to the policy
pursued, The Executive aimed at iudem-
nily in a wrong way. Instead of taking
it into our own nsnus, when we had tern1
lory in our possession ample to cover the
claims of our citizens and the expenses of
the war, he sought it indirectly through
treaty with Mexico. He thus put it oat
of our own power, anil under 'the control
of Mexico, to say whether we should have
indemnity or not and thereby" enable1 her
to defeat the whole object of the campaign,
by simply refusing to treat with as. Ow
ing to thia mistaken policy, after a most
successful and brilliant campaign involving
an expenditure not less probably than for
ty millions ot dollars, and the sacrifice, by
the sword and by disease of msny valuable
lives, probably not less than six or seven
thoussnd nothing is left but the glory
which our army has acquired. ' "
But as an apology for alt this, ft is in
sisted that the maintenance of a defensive
line would have involved as great a sacri
fice as the campaign itaelf. The Pre
sident and the Secretary of War have as
signed msny reasons for nleruining this
opinion. I.have examined them with care.
1 his ia not the proper occasion In d is mi is
them, but J. must say, with all due defer
ence they are, to ray mindjutterly follaciosj
and to satisfy your minds that aueh is the
case, I will place the subject ia t single
point of view. . " r s'. ;''
The linejproposedT)y me,he which I sup
pose tneir reasons were intended to be
spplied, . would be covered in he whole
extent from the Pacific ocean to the Paasa
del Norte, on the Rio Grande, by the Gulf
-r ri:r i .i . . .
at vaiuviui anu mm wiioemest,' peopled
ey;. hosuio trioea oi Indians through
which no Mexican force could penetrate.
For Its entire occupancy and defence, notli.
Would be required bat a few small vessels
ot war stationed in the Galf. and a tintrte
regiment to keep'down any resistance from
the, few inhabitants within. From the
Passo del Norte to the mouth of the river,
a Jiatanceofa few hundred miles, a single
fact will show t; what liltle force will be
necessary to lis defeat. ; It was a' frontier
between, Textt and Mexico, when the
lorraer lud, but ? an i ioeonsiUerablo por-u
Utioti oot mora than an buacrcd and fifty
thoasand oi (he utinoau at any time with no
standing army; and hut every fe'wf iriegntar
tionps; yet lor several yesrs she maintained
ll. is lii.e wiihoul any except tlihl occasional,
intrusion from Mexico, and that too when
Mexico was (r more consolidated in her
power, and when revolutions were not so
frequent and her money resources were Ur
greater than at present, H, then, . Texas
alone under such ciicumstonces, could
defend that frontier fm aa long a period,
can any man beliese that now. when she
is backed by the whole of the United Suites,
now that Mexico is exhausted, defeated.
and prostrated I repeat, can any man
bliere that it would luvolve as trreat a
sacrifice lo us of men aud money to defend
mat imntier, as did the leat campaign?
No. I hazard nothing in asserting, that
to defend it for an indefinite period, would
have required a less sum than the interest
on the money spent in the campaign, and
fewer men than were sacrified in carrying
it on. ,
So much for Ihe past, ,. We now enme
to the commencement of another campaign,
and the question rerun, wbtt shall be
j'.oe! The President in his message re-
commenJi !he same line of policy vigor
ause prosecution 0 the war not for con
quest, that is again emphatically disavowed
as - a or " ... l!4f !
not to dioi wexico out Pi we mi oi nations,
no, he desires to ses her an indepnodart
and fiouriahirtg eommtmity.v and- stsigtil
strong reasons for- it-- but ia obtaitr so
honorable peace. We hear no more of con
quering peace, but I presume that he meant
by an honorable peace the same Uunr; ihit
is, to compel Mexico to agree to a treaty
ceding a sufficient part of her territory,
as an indemnity for the expenses . of . the
war, and for the claims of our citizens. ,
I have examined witheate, the giounds
on which the President renews lit recom
mendation, and am again compelled to dis
sent, there are many and powerful rest
sons, more so, even, than thoae that existed
at tho commencement of the last campaign.
to lustify my dissent: Ihe sacrifice in
.ny.vill be -vtlyfjeater.-Therc.:i!t
I bill far ten additional regiments now
before the Senate, and annoiher Tor twenty
regiments of volunteer has been reported,
authorizing in all the raising of an addition
al force of something upwards of thirty
thousand- I his in sddmon to that already
authorized by law. will b sufficient . to
keep an effective army in . Mexico, of not
mueb. If any, lest than seventy thousand
flic n, anu win ruiao uie gxpetiaca ui tne
campaign to probably not less than sixty
. ir . i - . r . i
millions of dollars. . . : . ,
To meet so large an expenditure, would
Involve, in the present and prospective
condition of the money market, it is to be
apprehended, not a little embarrassment.
Last year money was abundant and easily
obtained. An unfortunate famine in ' xfu-
rope created a great demand for our agricul
taral products., That turned the balance of
trade greatly in our favor, and specie pour
edjinto the country with a strong and tumily
current.' No inconsiderable portion ' of, it
pased into Ihe Treasury, through the duties
which kept it full, in spite ol me large
sums remitted to meet the expenses of the
war. The ease is diflererent now, In.
stead of having a tide ' flowing in equal
to the drain flowing out, the dtoin
it now both ways. The exchanger now
are against us, instead or being in our
favor, and instead of Specie flowing ' into
the country from abroad.' it is flowing rout.
In the mean time the price of stocks and
Treasury notes, instead of being at or
above par, have bolh fallen below, to a
small extent. The effects of the deprecia
tion of Treasury notes will cause Jthcm to
pasa into ihe Treasury in payment of the
pusloms and other dues lo the. Government
as the cheaper currency,, instead , of fold
arid silver while the expense of the war.
whelhet paid for by lha , transmission of
gbld and silver direct to Mexico,' or by
drafts diawn lp furor of Briiieh mcrchanu
or other capitalists there, will cause what
ever specie may be in the vsulls of the
Trensury to flow from it. either lor remit
tance direct, on aecocnt of the ordinary
transactions of the country, or to pay the
drafts which may be drawn upon it,, and
which, when paid, in the present elate ' of
exchanges, wilt be remitted . abroad. But
this process of paying in .Treasury notes,
instead of gild nd silver-, and gold 'and
silver flowing 'out in both directions,
cannot continue long without exhausting
its specie, " and leaving nothing to meet
the public expenditure. , including those
ot tne war, out i retury notes, wan
they, under sucn circumstances, preserve
even their present value? Is 'there not
great danger that they will full lower and
lower, ' and finally involve the finances
of the Government and the , circulation
of the country in the greatest embsr-
rosmcnt and t dinicuityr ; - --
'Is there not great danger, with this
prospect before us, and with the necessity
of raising by loans near . forty miCions, of
a j Commercial and financial cri-da even
possibly a suspension by the . bsnks. . ,1
wish hot to create panic; but there is, dan
ger, which makes a great, difference a
t financial and moniej point of vie w , be
tween the state of things now and al the com
mencement of ha last session. Looking
to the future, it is to be apprehended that
not a little difficulty will bare. t b en
countered in raising money to' meet, the
Expenses of the next campaign, if conduct,
ted on the large seal which is proposed.
Men yii may raise, , ,binj. poiVey will be
found d flicult, tn obtain. t , It is', even to
be apprehended thai loans will jiave, ,t' be
negoiiated on very disadvantageous term
for the public. In the presennt atate of
thing, if they grow no worse, tblere torn
be no resort to Treasury nntetw : They
cannot be material ly' increased, without
a ruinous depreciation,- and a traort tnuat
be had, - exclusively, or alinort -eniroaly
to borrowing. .But at 'the prevent
prises sf etockf to borrow so large- a' aum
a will he necMsaryf em only be donsn at
a greatly increased rate of ' interest'! on
the nominal amount of t tonk & lit recent
conversation - with 1 a l gentleman, well
informetl on this subject, he aaitf, ihot
in his opinion, if forty millions are requir
ed, a loan could not be had i fir snore
than ninety for one hundred, which would
be about at the rate of seven per cent;
Theee are - formidable objections, but
they are not the only mes that' are snore
so than they were al the coremeneemmt
of the last campaign.., I bold that
the avowed object for the vigorous pros
ecution of the war is ieea eerUin off bernjj :
tealized note, than it waa then. - and ' if it
ahoitld fail to be realized, it will leave- oar
affairs in a fa worse rondiiion than they
are at , present-: That objeot, as has been
stated, ts to obtain an honorable -treaty;
one) which to use tho langnaa-, of the
Praeipant, will give indemnity for the post
and aeenrity t ftir the Jujluiy,,-?
treaty which wilt give us a cession ' of terri
tory-, nnt only equst to aoT pre sent demtrnt
for indemnity, but equal' la tho addition
al demand equal to the entire t expenses
to ne incurrru id conuueung-me oampaign;
and a guarantee from the Government of
Mexico for lis iaiihlul execulioa. i New,
Senators, I hold that whether the . war is
aucceasful or uoaucceaafuli there -ia not
only no certainty that this ebjeet will be
accomplished, but almost a . certainty ..' that
it will not be,: j If the wartheonsueceaaful.
if our arms should be baffled ta I . trust
and believe they will not be; but , if, from
any unfortunate; accident, such should be
the case, it is clear that we - shall -not be
'AtdjHftigt
piien tne nojeci imenaea. t un the oon
trsry, if the war should bet sUcceMhil,: j
if araoat. equally certain c lhatf in,,. tbiat
case, tbe avowed object for ' nrosecuiiag
the war vigorously will , nOr-.be accdin
pliahedy . 1 , might ,.tke higher ground,
and maintain that ; the more -successfully
the war it proseenied. the more -eeruioty
the object, avowed to;. be, .accomplished)
will be defeated, while .the., object lia
rowed would as ceruiol r f ba: aeompliiiU-r
fd. ' ,. t.i ,nw-tif?i et- bi
What it tho object of vigorous prosed
cutioQ . of the , ; war! . How; can it be
succesafull I esn see but one way of, maki
ing it so, and that is, by t'SuwrcHinaT
all resistance on-tbe part of Mxic, .lover
powering and i dupetsing her, army
and lerly overthrowing her Goy' inmenU1
But if that should be ; Jdnr s if;. ai
vigorous prosecution of , Ihe . war- theuU.
lead to that result, how are we.i lo,(eblaiin
an honorable peace! .w With whom . ahall.
we treat for indemnity . for j the, past and:
security for theluturef t War may hemade, -by
one party, but it require fwo ito
make peace.; If , all authority , is over
thrown (a Mexico, where will ba ihe power,
to enter into negotiation, and make peace!,
Our .., very..,' success would defeat,,, lhau
possibility of snaking peacav, In , .tjv i
case the W9t would not end in peace, but in
conquest nol in negotiation, but in tubju t
gallon; nd defeat, j I, .repeat, the, very 4
object yon aim to accomplish , and .jccom ,
lish that which you disavow to.. be yotif ,
mlentiori, by destroying the seperate xi-r,
tenee of Moxico,. ver ihrowjng, b,ejp no,.,
Wonaliiy, and bloUinff out her aiame froirtu
the list of nations, nstt ad. of leaving . hec,
a free Republic, , which the, t President . ,
has ao esrneatly ( expressed. bis. dcaife
' If I Understand hi XIssngo eorreciIyVJ
I have . his own authority for the i. coe-i t
elusion to which I come.,? He ukes rvery i
much tbe same i ?iew , that I do, aaptw
how a war ought to be prostcnted tignr-
ouslv, and w list would be iu resolu, with, "
the .difference as to the latter, resting on na a
slngto contingeony,. and Jbot-O' remote ft w
one, , tie oaya t thuir tho great i, -difficulty1,'
ol obtaining peace, result Irom .ihia, that O
ihe people of Mexico. . are divided oodei'e'
factioua chieftains, ; and , that i the t eliiefT
in powei; dafe not make peace because fut m
doing so he would be displaced by a rivals i
lie also says, tbe only way to remedy this
evil and lo obtain a treaty, it le put down
the whole of them, including 'the one m -power,
a well as tlie Others .Well, what
thenf Arewe to stop, there! ,i Noj' Oaf
General are, it, seems, authorised :to eo-.u
Otinrage and to protect the well diapnelnk,
in habitants in establishing , ft requblicart. '.
Government . . He oaya they are numerous
and are prevented from expreing tlteir,.,, ,
opinions "and making an attempt to.m,
form such a Government only. by .feat
tnose military eliieftains., Jle propoaea.; j
when thev have thus , formed Aj Govern?,, ?
ment, under lb encouragement, and pi?t)
teciion of our army, to obta'a peace by .a,
treaty with the Government thus, loVm,
nf, which ahall give us ' ample indemnity .
for the past and security for the future'" "l v
muat say I am at a loaa to sea how a froi4
4 independent Republican can be establish -if
ed in Mexico under .the U prnteetion rel - -anlhority
of its eonquerers-e I can-readily'
understand how a ar'iotocrary vr a' en-''l
potio Go vernmet might be, but how-a free'
republican Gore romrnl can be iso-'eaiatifiak' V
ed, under icheircurnstre is totnei hw!
eemprehenaible..; ; L Jvad .ltyeupoti
ed thaasuch a Government mut be the
spontaneous wish of' the people;- ih.it it
must emanate from the hear. e." the pea