X5ortjb Carolina potoftful in intcllfrtual, tooral anb pfjniral rtjfourcr: tht lariD ot mt-jutt ana home of our afltctiortf."
THREE -DOLLARS Pee An, in Jdvanct.
VOL XL.
RALEIGH, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 5, 1849.
NO. 43.
OS. J. LEMAT, Editor L Proprietor.
New Hoot a nuii Soea.
OLIVER L. BURCH,
Fayttlrvitte St. 1 De hthtw the Pit Officii
KALf.IC.EI, sr. c
TlOULD inform the pablio ihtt he ho just
Ajky rcei'ed Urge aworlm.nl of BOOTS &
SHOES, computing in part the following articles:
Liiiic'i Ooat welt Buskics,
French de do.
Kid well Ties,
Fin Kid Buskins.
Fine Grtcia La Victoria, (Ntw Fashion)
Goat do. do. do. f-j
French KM do. do.
Children's Week Morocco, do.
'-'Do. Colored da. do.
Do. Bronco do. do.
Do. Laced Boots, do.
Boy's CaIfBoots
Do. Kip do. -V 1
Do. Laced Monroe's,
Do. Vtf stripped do.
Children's do.
100 Pmn Philadelphia made Gentleman's
Jtuott, Sliched and Pegged, different qualities,
H tmen't Gratia Jlooti, Cft W. Sty le,J .-: .
Do. Flesh Out,
Neeroe's Coarse Shoes, Ac Ac.
Ha re tuests all wanting Boots or Shoes to gist
him S call,. at he knows his assortment to be the
largest in the (pity. end he flatters himself that he
ran furnish as rood bargains if not better thin can
be jl any where else m the lily.
,'. .. .... O.I.. BURCH.
---'"Triii'Vi'i.---r-iaa-o - 47'
-840 Reward.
Iliwit from the Subscriber, sb tit 11 miles
west from ItaleiRb, I. is i.eiro man, Y rank
about 30 veers of ege, rather inclined to be tall.
thin visaied. dark color, and weigba about 1 n0,
small and rather dull eyes. He was purchased of
Kobt. Wvnn a estate, and has wife at Mr. Jbu
Karp'a.. lie will probably endeavor to make hi
war to the Rail Road, and e cape liom lbs State
through that channel.
1 will ' aie the above reward for his delivery lo
me, at my reidence, il taken in, or thirty dolleis,
if out of the county.
JOHN SORRELL
Wake County, Nor. SO, 1849 4631 pd
HANGEADLE CHAMELION SILKS,
Hilver Grey, do.
French- Marinot,
Velvet Trimmings,
KmbroiJerlng Braids,
Paris Kid r.lovee.
Black dilk Fringe,
Black Belt Ribbons, Ice. dec.
Just Received by Express,
H. TUCKER e) BOX.
Nav 38 1849.
Drawing Arcliitcctnrul & Mc
rlmiiical.
a 8 this iahe seaaoi for J mint mechanics am
IV others to tnulv themtelvet lo the attaiomvn
of the crestest aid lo emineaee in their various tiui
suits. ni .1 thorough knowledge f Gcoruelrical
We would call their attention to 'Mio.j.e.'s Text
Book lor 8li-inalruatioB," bsinp a compute man
nal ot Mechanical lrawinr, includinr IMJVE1
HICAL DltAVY'lNts and t'RUSl ECTIVE. illu.
Irstcd with 16 tleel ulatea. and eitilaincd in a la
miliar manner, rendering Ibe attainment cf the a
easy and agreeable. J
Film the New Turk Scientific .Imerican
"It ia the best work on l)raini thai e -Wae
r.nglneer, Uabioet Maker, Millwright or lariea
ter, stioutu be wtinout at.
IFrtm the Baltimore Wet tern Ctnrinent
e, who bavin); thoroughly mastered this book,
eannot make any of the ordinary drawings ol this
kind, may well despair of ever being able to aa
complith such a result."
- Frtm the .Vationnt 'Intelligencer.
"Indeed, one who patiently and eartlullv goes
thraunh It could not be said, to far at principles
and methods are eooeerned, any longer lo waul a
waster."
Vest iheJImerican Rail tttaJ Jtnrnol )
"It li sonmemhtd to those beat nullified to judge
of its merits, aa being the moat thorough and com
plete woik of the kind ever publitbed in this coun
try." "It has reee'ved aniveraal commendation from
the pre as, and we believe it hilly merita all that
has been said in its prsite." Price (3 00.
PAUTICVLAU NOTICE.
We will lor ward a copy ol the abote work,re
txbente. lo any part ol the Union, on the -receipt
ol thiee d.illart, which may be seat per mail at our
etnense.
V. M. k Co hsve alto publitbed an abridged
edition id the ittav work fvr hc uc ol SCHOOLS,
eeiitawilng all the prineiplea that are rOPTaintd -the
laree woifc.ntiistrateirwtth-tl slnd ylalct
Price $1.25. Publiahed ami for sale by
WILLIAM MINIKIK k CO .
114 Uallimere-st , UaLTiMoaa.
- s 4-6m.
Trnvcllliii 4 tents Wanted,
1011 WO DUWOttl HS YOUTH'S CABINET
' one of the I eal and moat popular Matjssinsa
ot' ka alaas n Ameriea. T gentlemeo wbe pos
sess the qutliicatineis uf a good agent, the publish
er will oner lermt which canaol lail to aecmt a
handsome insome. Applieants hir the sg'iicy art
required to produce responaible leilm.oni.lt as lo
ebaraeier and geaentl emeieiicy, and l Invest the
lata of $W hi bound volmnea ol the work, which
aell readily at a large advance. The Cabinet it
ot sestarian ia its eharwater, and ia ecjxally pop.
ular among all denominations, and in every part at
the Union. Prire id the Msgiiiine gliof lh bound
aoluma, ch fl 85. Kmm 50 U gentlemen, in
addition la lbae no in the field, em be. proBta
bly emphwed in differewt teeiiont ol the United
btatea. .Vw the tett time It bUiin mbtci-iilunt
at ll tan ttfM. Tke initial auniber, beaulilul
ly emUelUhed, ill be tent agent t oniTlt, ia
advance ot its publication. Full pvticulars ret
peolmj lite agency will be gfvan on inquiry. Ap
ply iiumcdMitely, (it by letter, poai-paid, I.
U. A. WOOOWOK TH. Publiaher,
US Nassi'U-tf, New York,
46 St.
UKIVlilt&ITY.
11K Annual Meeting of Ike Trustees of the Uni-
1 tau-stty nt U wdl be held at the KtevMive
UHlae on Thursday I ha I3h day of I" even, bee next.
At this meeiing lint Hoard a4 Truatees will pro.
seed to til Ibe veaucy in I lie Profctsortiiip of
Ulieioeie, Loen, ke oeeurhig by the teaigaalio. l
tUv'd. Dr. Vim. .M. Green.
By wider,
C. I. IIITf I'OX, Secretory
. Itak-igH, . Xov , 4.11 h, ;. 4. , 4 T4 ,
EARLY TO BED AND KARLVTO KISE
v ruia COOK.
Early to bed and. early to hte"
Aye note it down in your brain,
For il helpeth lo make the foolish wise,
And upioota the weed of bain.
Ye who are walking on thorns of care,
Who tigh for a aolter bowet,
Try what ein be done in the morning aun,
And make use of the early hour.
Full many a day fot ever ia loat
By delaying its work till lo motrow:
The tninutea of sloth have olten coal
Long jeara of bootlesa aorrow, ;.;
And ye w ho ould win the latling wealth
Of content and peaceful power.
Ye who would couple Labor and Health,
Must begin at the early hour.
We make bold ptemitet to lime;
Yet alas! loo. often break them:
. We nurcklha B-tngs of thp King 'Qf.JCI"gi
rr 'Aria' Mfttrwrfait bvef Take:tem. ' -But
why loiter away the prime of the day,
Knowing tint clouds may lowet?
I it not aafut lo make life.'a hay
In the beams of the early houil
Nature herielf ever sliowa her best
Of gems to the gaze ol the lark,
When the spangleaof light on Earth's green
bteaat
Put out Ilia tiart of the dark.
If u e love lii. purest pearl of the dew.
And the richest breath of the (lower.
II our spirit would greet the fttit'' and the
sweet.
Go forth in lha early hour.
Oh.' pleasure and rest are mote easily found
hen we start through Morning s gate.
To aum up our figures, or plough up out
ground
And weave out the threads qf Fate. '
The eyelooketh bright and ilieMtetiiikeeiieth
l'gh.
And man holdeth the conqueror! power,
When, ready and brave, he chains Tiiue at
his slave
By the help ol the eaily hoar.
a verr gradual one. But M. Riot many!
year ago proved by an ingenious apparatus
that the rate or motion til the tap may be
measured at all seasons, and he ascertained
it to be in a state of considerable influence
upon the direction in which the tapmover
ln mild weather the sap was constantly ri
sing, but when froat was experienced, the
sap flowed back again a ptipriunirnon
which he refetred in the contracting power
of cold on the vessel of the trunk and blanch
es the effect of which was ta force the tap
downwanls into the mois lying in a warm
er medium; then again, when the ftosl
reached the roots themselves and began ac
ting on ihcm, the sap was forced back into
the trunk; but as soon as a thaw came on
and the ground recovered its heat, the routs
out of which a part of the aap had been
lorcerj upwards, were again ulled by the
fluids above them, and the sap was forced
lo fall. A large poplar tree in the latiet
stale having been cut across at the ground
line, the surface nf the stump was found lo
be drv UuTthe end of lite trunk its-lf dripped
writ sap. sp then is niways in mmion,
and if it ever settles at l' e root in a viaiWe
m inner, ihnt isou 'inc to temporary rausrs.
A G U ICULt U It A L
POPUMR ERRORS ABOUT THE
RISE AND FALL OF SAP IN TREES
What curious hallucination ia that which
suppose the sap of trees to fall or settle in
the winter into the roots.' One would have
thought that the notorious, difficulty of cram
nung a quart of water into a pint meaau-e
might have suggested the improbability o
uch a phenomenon. I'orrt certainly does
require a very large amount eijcretlulity i
believe that the fluids ot trunk anj hen
of a tree, can by any natural force of com
MU.'iCHING GOOSBERRIES,
Tntj English gooseberry bus nlwayg
hitherto mildewed here; and I hitve
been familiar with bushes of (he lst
sorts for many years, without ever being
able to gather any perfect fruit,
I have lately "mnlcliod" some of old
bushels, which had heretofore borne
this worthless fruit. I covered the sur
face of the ground under them a foot
deep wjth wet half rotten straw, extend
ing: the mulching as far as the branches
grew.
Imagine my delight at finding the
gooseberries on the bushes so mulched
now ripening off finely; ihe fruit twice
as large as 1 have ever seen it before,
nd quite fair and free from mildew:
Horticulturist.
VKNTILA'IIO.N. .
As every adult human boin? inhales
about sixty "gallon's "of air per" hour,
the necessity of attending to ventilation
n close apartments is evident.
the removal of w hich, causes its instant re-
ascent.
As la the idea that the Weeding of tree
with this supposition, that what is called
rise of the san is the cause of the exnanaioit
of buds and. leaves and branches, noihittg
can well be more destitute of any real foun-
l.non. II in the spring, when the otids arc
jul awellmg, a tree is cut across at the
ground line, no bleeding will take place.
neither will the cap flow for Some; distance
upwards, but;amongthe;branc!e the LWd
mg will be found io hare commenced. This
was observed some yeat ago by Mr.
rhnmpson, at that time the Duke nf Port
lands gardener, who thought he had disco v
eied that the tap of tteea descends itt the
sprmg, instead of ascedihg; a strange spec
ulation eno tgh it must be eonrensetl. The
fact is that the sap is driven into accelerated
motion first at the extremities of a tree he
cause it is there that Ik hi and warmth firt
tell upon the excitable buds. The moment
the bait are excited they begin to suck sap
Irom the part they ore in contact; to luppl v
.1 l t a
ttie waste eo- prottttcctt.trte attjircent aap
pushes upwards; as tne expansion of in
leaves proceeds; as the demand. ..upon the
sa,i near them becomes greater; a puicke
motion still is necessary on the part of the
sap to make good" the loss: and thus from
above, .downward. ,is . lb aXuer;nMbs ilotv
ot tne nuiua oi trees, wiueii we can Diceu
tng, eflVcled' f
I he well known lact of treats sprouting
in the spring, although lelled in the autnm
proves that the sap bad not at that time
quilted the trunk to takt refuge in the roots
Such a common occurrence should put peo
pie on their guard agaiuit falling into vul
gar errors on this subject-
iMurenivUle Herald.
Corn, , friend in Chatham county
requests un to correct an erioneuus state
ment which was commonly published in
jibe-news pa pet ht t prhrg'.Tafitfri he Col J"
pell. It was aid (hat corn cut down by
the frot was totally nleslroj-ed, so lhat it
would not produce sound grain; that theie
would be a black snot in the rrain which
rendered it valueless. . Our friend assures
us that this is a mistake. Ilia crop made
from the corn cut down by the frost, - is
decidedly the best On his plantation.
ray. Dot. -t
DEFICIT IN TH E TREASURY
The announcement of a deficiency in
the Tieasury at Washington, to the a mount
of some fifteen or twenty millions, causes
no surprise lo those who noted Mr. Walk
er's reports when that gentleman was at
the hetd of the Finances. The present
Secretary ol the Treasury has no doubt
discovered wht was intimated in many
quarters a year ago that -Mr. Waikf.r
omitted finin his estimates large obligati ns,
outstanding and unsettled, which arose from
the expenditures of the war with Mexico.
These obligations, not having been official
ly returned to the Treasury Department,
nor (be riact amount ol them ascertained,
were excluded, we may presume, from the
late Secretary's calsulutions. The trun
state of the case, however, cannot long re-1
main unknown.
When Mr. Vak BiRrx's Administration
by its profuse expenditures in the Floiid
war, wheic some thirty millions of dollats
were sunlu had . exhausted the. Treasury
and accumulated a large debt in the" shape
I of Tieasury notes, there were not means
I enough at the disposal of (Jen. Harrison,
win n he came to the Presidency, to defray
the necessary expenses ol the government
and to meri thr appropriations made by ilie
Con feK that had just ceased to exiajt-
errra session was inevitaoie anua loan nuu
to be resorted to. -
AOItTIl 4,'A UOL1.VA
TEXtPEHJISCE COMMUSICATOB.
PfBLItUKD. WCriCLVi lit riyTTVILLf.
1-HlS Kaiier," wlikk hat tieeaS 1" 'raialeuea
' years aw.,a nt.t, aimtuwwe take rttktialMw, atul
Sws aaaaa kisjlily teaemiaiai44 by Urn. first, gc.
- snlly, mA, luuai), by ibe BMu4 Cw r'r At
frariaimn . . .
j Ttana .To stnjHal sakssribwrs, fl 50 pee yVar.
' . " tluUt wl i, ssvl w)wnws, fl calk,
AiMreas. iwat-uaiU, .MM. II KH,
r ' K.)livvilU, N i.
ur krethre tf tke Hra.a, IbruwrlwHll tl.
.Axte.aie rvMmtlall) rtsw' lw iV tke elwve
presMon be coiupeltetjTcrenter so narrow
a lodging at the root. -
We shall assume the word sap to signify
the fluids, of whatever nature, which aie
cttnttined tn the interior of a tree. I n the
spring the sap runs out of the trunk when
it is wounded: in the summer, autumn, and
winter it do nol ualers exceptionally,
make its appearance. But in truth the sap
is always in mniion stall seasons and under
all circumstances, except in the piescnce of
intense cold. 1 heuilTetence it, that there
is a great deal of it in the spring, and much
less at other seasons. j
When a tree falls to rest at the approach
of winter its leaves have carried so much
more fluid than the roots have been able to
supply that the whole of ibe interior ia in a,
state of comparative dryness, and the
large poiiion of that aap which once was
fluid has become solid, in consequence of
the various chemical changes it has under
gune. Between simple evaporation ou the
one hand, and chemical solidification on the
other, the sap, is in thtfautumn,so much di
minished w quantity- io be tw longer dis
covetable by mere incisions, 1 he power
lhat plant may possseas of residing cold
it in proportion to Ibe completeness cf Una
drying process.
When the leaves hive fallen off, ihe tree
is no longer subject to much loss of fluid by
nerapiraiion. nor to extensive ihem cut r.han-
Wgc by assimilation. Bui the absorbing 'pnw
rr of the roots is n t arreeied; (tiey on the
contrary goon sinking fluid .lromlhe aoil,
ami driving it upwards into lha system.
The effect of this is. that after some months
USEFUL UECEEIPTS.
TO COOK RICE.
boak your rice in salt and wster seven
hours, and then put it in fresh water and
boil it only ten minutes after H begins to
boil; then empty it out in a colander before
the lire until il drains and dries, w hen yfa
will And a delicions dish, and every grain
separated, answering the purpose of I Targe
number of vegetable. -RICE
rUDDINC.
six onncesjof
of such action, Ions of fluid which the tree
has eusUiu 'd in autumn by us leave, is
made good and the whole plant is distended
with watery" particles. This i a most
wise provision in order toj insure ahaiidant
f.o4 to new born leave and branches
when warmth and light' stimulate them
into growth. . -,
' During all the winter period lha tap ap
pears to be at rest, forlht rfillinprocen is
Take half apinlofrjee,
sugariLwojinrtsof nnl
butler and allspice; put cold in a hot oven,
and bake two and a half hours.
TOMATO OMELET.
Procure two quarts of perfectly ripe and
fresh tomattoes, cut them carefully, and
simmer for the space of two minutes over a
tolerably quick fire. Cut a few onions fine,
and mix with them a due quautnyof cruin
bled bread a nd a small lum p of bu tier. When
nearly done, beat up eight eggs and mix
them throughly with the mass by rapid
stirring, la a Tew miuiles, the dish will be
done.
BROILED TOMATOES.
Select the largest; cut them in two, and
broil them over a moderate tire till done.
.Add a little butter or salt and pepper, and
you have art excellent dish.
:i O PRESERVE BACON.
Make a strong ley of wood ashes; dip
each piece of meet into it; let it dry; and
then hang it up in the smoke Itnune, where
it will he free from the attacks of insects or
worms. The" taste oi the ley" w ill only be
perceived on the outside.
GATHERING AND PRESERVING
... ., . NUTS.
This is the season fr gathering and
preserving eheatnuu, hickory-nuts. Butter
nutcrnut, te. As s.ion a the heavy trosts
appear, they may be shaken or beaten off
the trees wun poies, w necessary
from the sheila or burr and then thinly
spread in some garret or airy loft lo dry,
where they should be kepi until-ready lor
sale or us. If suffered to be packed up in
boxes or casks, before they are dry all. nuu
wilt become musty and strong, greatly de
teriorating in their value, whether they are
sold or consumed at home.
The ChoWra ha ecaia made ite appearance ai
8t. Louis, and likewise on some of the sua a era
oa Ike Mississippi. 3e far, it is confined U the
emigrant.
T BE PING UP FERTILITY.
The object w )iave in manuring
our lands, is to keep tin) a constant
fetiility which will t'linble us to reap
tront tnem every year the largest
possible crops. . It is but reasonable
to suppose, then, that constant cropping
would speedily exhaust any soil unless
we return to it in soma shape or other.
those substances of which we deprive
nuu inai mis is a iaci every uay 's ex
perience proves to ns. t has pftea ht-cn
demonstrated that if plants, grown oil
any given space of land. I plowed in
.1 a . a .
to tno sou wnue tnev are in a eroen
and succeloiit condition, the fertility of
the soil is much increased.
'i'liii procucda. irom the quantity of
nutnuieui tijose plants' bny.e attrnctod
from the atmospliura durinjr their
growth, so that by their beinsr plowed
into the soil whereupon they hod grown,
they afforded to it a much irrenter
amount of substance Uiao they rocoived-
Irom it, consequently whatever excess
they may furnish, co far enriches the
soil. ... .
Some plants are much more remark
rue in this respect than others When
for instance, lucerne, or cTover Dloutrh
ed into the sail previous to blossoming,
enriches it exceedingly. This is what
is sometimes called "greon soiling;" and
by it the plant used is made tho means
ot carrying to the soil the carbon and
ammonia, which iu lu growth it ex
tracts from the atmosphere. It also ap
propriates, to its own use the excrcmen-
titions matter rotn descriptions ot pjants
growing on the soil previously, and in
lhi'lliarn napt vT fT,,l.-.l O . . A v' - . .
cold Climates, this excrementitious mat
ter voided by plants, much longer
passing into putrefaction than in trop
ical countries; the necessity therefore
of adopting u rotation of crops is much
greater in me tormer than in tho luttcr.
marched art arm? to the locv$ tn jwo,
driven every Briit'.b subject and Mosquito
into the sea, nd thus al once have put a
perpetual veto on further European &!
onizai'ion on the American Continent
Yet the Central American Agent it tain-;
invoked the spirit of Monroe in behalf of
hi weak .ind ittjsred country men Hi -complaint
were treated almost nit h con -tempi.
What a pity Mr, Ritchie never
railed the a' lent ion of the people to this
Diptmnotie blunder! - ,r ;
On the 3d of March. 1847. with a full
knowledge of all the above (acta. President
James K.. Polk, through7 the Hon. James
Buchat an, the Seeretarr ef Slate, (who, if
Mr. Ritchie i to be btlieved, never com-
mined a Diplomatic blunder, and by and
with the advice and consent of a Democrat ie
Senate, appointed and commissioned I hria
lopher HempMead as United Slates Consul
at ILIze.in "British hondvira," A cUuse iw
ihe commission ruus thus; '.fnd , (Jamea
K. Polk, Pmidchr ofthe 'UhlKtT Slatei.J "
do pray and reque$t lira Britakkio IAu
ssrv, her (lovtrnori ami offlctTM. totertnif
the tuU ChrUlbpher llnnpst fad fully and
peaceably to tnjoy the aid office, Q-c.
In compliance with that request Jler
UrilamiU Mnjetty granted the said Chris
.f bl Exeq
as U.- S. t-onmlJiLHfetJthr
The Oppiisiiion atlhai time, with character-
istic fairnest and. candor, dennnnced- the
Adminimraiion for nesting a public debt,
when it dil no more than provide for debts
(ready malt-by Mr. Van Hcren. H rame
into power rviih an.inberi.tsnfe.PtliOPAH.-
nbligaiinn upon it hands at the threshold.
fc-t tit a::1,- 'it..!.'. -ir.'.t ';u. i....i:u.,
I lie v eviiiiijiuu 1JIIIWII tllW IIOIIIIIIUMU
to refer to the period when these unjust
charges were put forth against Gen. Har
rison s Administration charges so absurd
on the face of ihern lhat nothing short of sn
tinblushing effrontery fould ever have had
the .impudence to utierthem. "Il will bo
remembered," says the Union, "thai, prior
to the coming in of the Harrison Adminis
tration in 1841, a Democratic Congress, at
the preccd ing session made ample provision
bv wav of appropriation, lor alt necessary
. ' i : ... . -
and rrasoiwDie expenditure oi tneuovcin-
menl for the year ensuingryei at iheTXt rases
shin thiwtexrrcndr'tiTea -were largely in
ereased and ihe burdens of the people ren
dered st ill more onerous, by the Whig ma-
orttv ol the 'hard-cider Congress. "
This is quite in keeping with the whole
tone and spirit of that hostility which the
rate Official exhibiU ---oaall, oeeaion-!-
wvd Gen. Tav lor and his AdminlstraM
lion. The oemocratic Congress that pre.
ceded the coming in of Gen. Harrison's
Administration made ample proviMon, we
are told, by wny of a ppr opt at ion, for all
tho reasonable expenses of the government
for theyel
the appropriation!," say the National In
telligencer, "but they, like the last Admin
istiation, omitted lo provide the inenn to
meet their own expenditure to nuke up
the deficiency which they themselves hsd
created.
A similar state of things will be found,
we presume, lo exist now just as similar
charges are made against Gen. Taylor's
Administration. ' Bolt. Amtr.
ions acquired in the teeth of the non-colo-
nixation iloctrine. - .
fly way nf apologising for Mr. Polk's
acts in permit1 ing thit British colonization,
the Union stales thai "Gieat Britain seized
upon the favorable opportunity afforded in
IMr -'-Wfttte-ttre- United States weri engaged
in ihe-war with Mexico to effict her de
signs' but it seems to me to be a very
pertinent question to be asked did the
Mexican War require Mr.- Polk to pray
and request Her Britannic Majesty to grant
Mr, llempsiesd the sttthenty w exercise
the funciicns of hie ffiee a U ' 8, Con- 1
suit .
The Union ha a sound and able argu
ment against the British claim as ally and
Iprntecioi of Jamaea, and very justly aays
of Knsland, 'she preenrfl to have Sover
eign rik-hil on.tlie.cpaetof Zon'ra.end.
Mcsquito and over Cluefields and al grey
llown, and tn exercise 'those riehts under T
old treaties with Spain, when by the very
terms of those treaties all sovereign rights
ate expreasly renounced by her Jmd aha ..
tigreod-tonteHioirsK her forts and) remove '
military forces, and the privilege jterely of
cutting logwood and mahogany was allow- .
ed under certain restViction mT eeiiain of
her atibjecis." Did Mr. Rile hte possess this
knowledge at the time of the appointment ,
of Mr. Hempstead? Did f Mr. Buchanan f
know that the claims of Groat Rrilaio on
ihe coast of Ifon(furu$ were , mere prem-1
nt .0itl.(3ilr Polk so tegaid ihemtlfeo --:
wh v did he appoint a Consul to Baliie, ;
and pray ihe British Queen to ' rant his
Exequatur; and this nt thertTTtime wbmf "
All plants void excrements, which
wheu acted upon by uir and moisture,
purifies and becomes converted into
"humus" or vegetable mattef common
to all plants, and exercises a very bene-
r ' I . .3 - r..
nctat inuuence on tana, ny lurttishing
li wun a suD8tance caputile of being con
verted into humus, which is so desirable
in a soil; but plants cannot long; be re
planted in the same soil without being
seriously uffectcd by their own excre
ment so much so that nl length they
altogether tail. Artificial aid, however,
induces a more speedy conversion of
this matter into humus, than would oth
erwtse take place, which is effected by
frequently turning up the soil with the
plough and the hoe, so as to expose the!
excrement to the infliiancoof the atmos
phere, and by irrigating the land with
river water, as tho water of rivers and
streams contains oxvgeu in s iluticn, it
effects the most rapid putrefaction of the
excrcinentitioiis matter contained in the
soil- which H rnctrates. ' ' -' - v r 1
now EN.
A stone ha been prepared in - New Ot
leans for ih National Monument at Wab
irTgion, It ia a slab of sandstone from al
most the only nuarry in Louisiana, a-.d
though it i said t be rather friable, is lite
best the Stale affords.
A Cotton Factory is about being erect
ed al rtew Urleans by a company with
cspital of $200,000- ! H
Ctrreipundrnci f the BMtimure American.
W ASH r nqton, No V.' 52. 18 1U."
The Union of Tuesday contains an ar
ticle on the annexation of Tigre Inland 19
ihe United States, in which the Editor fob
Mows up hie former aiienip s to prove thst
Mr. Clavtnn abnndoned lu Monroe doc
1 riri e ,Tnd left the poor" hel pless 1 nh abiTa nTs
nf Nicsrsgua to the tender mercies of the
British lion and Mosquito King." The writer
also make s feeble though studied effort lo
defend Mr Polk and Mr. Buchaitan from
this chnrge, which be seem to feel might,
with protifirty, be tuined against them. As
to ihe course which Gen'l. Taylor intends 10
pursue 111 rejf'ird to the doctrine, I profess
to know nothing; but ss future colonisation
by European powers on this continent is not
to be apprehended, any vaporing in anlicipa
ion would seem to me to b as idle and ri
diculous. '..-Let -its seii if this i not true. Br; sevr
ral treaties concluded with Spainduring tlie
last century, ureal Britain acknowledged
iho Spanish right lo the whole territory of
Central America, and accepted from Hie
King of Spain, aa en act of faor merely
the privilege 01 cuuipg rnahogony and log
wood, first tn a small diairicl lyinc between
the river Hondo and the river Waliis whicl
empties Into lha Bay of Honduras at llaliz
This privilege was afterwards extended id
ihe river Sabine, a few miles below Ralize
Spain never ceded any of her Central
American territory to England whilst she
held th Central American States as Colo
nies, not", have any - of those .'States ever
ceded a by portion of tit" to her since they
established their independent; so that t.en
trl Amc4C-4 jlj entiiren 10 the whole
coital incluilinj wltat ti recently been
known as lirmih llonuutt.
Ia 1834 we fiist hear of British eggres
sion in this qiisrterv thromh repreaenta.
live ahhoinied bvT Central America, who
complained to our Govern went st Wash
ington and requested our aid in resisting
tin 'further European Colonisation.
One would suppose, Judging from ih
tone of the Mole organ r.f ihe Democracy ,'
that this complaint would scarcely have
betn preferred, before General . Jackson
i Father RitcloVand Mr. folk would have
according 10 the Union the woa taking ad-
sniage n the .Mexicat war "10 enect lief
ilesignsr Was not this offii ial recogni-"
lion uf her authority over Honduras a strange t
method of snsiaininir the ''Monroe "nnd
Polk doctrine of noii-eolonijaiioiil" ( Y ' .
ihe same agent whom Mr. Walker sent to
confer with Her Mni-slv in rrghrd te sn
American tariff in 1S40 also empowered to
ssy 10 her thai Mr. I'ulk would recognize
her pretensions to Mondurus sod co-operate.
in effecting "her designs to check the Uni
ted Siatea and obstruct our intticourse with
our territories ot) the Pacific!" Tpe editor
of the Unionnay answer these questions at
their leisure. , , ,
a 1
DEFICIENCY IN THE REVEtUE5.
ihe National Intelligencer ennounees.
from an offii ial scurce "that,' in the a-
mount of revenue which will be .requisite
to meet the expenditures ofll e government
for the fiscal years ending the SOth of June'
1850. and Ihe 50ih of June, 1851, there Will
be a deficit of between fifteen, and twenty
millions of dollars. This deficient y,' It is
said, has been occasioned 'by ' the extra
ordinary expenditures f rowing out of the
mexieau war anu toe ircaiv wttu mat cuuh-
we r.ave had the dnnee, ana are now a-
bout to t njoy ihe luxury of paying the fid
dler. The champagne of Olory costs mon
ey, snd it is only to be regretted that the
't ..! .k:-t. . -l. .t ,t.
auiniiusiraiiiFn which Buiiym iv vtsui m.
glass 10 ihe bottom left it to its successors to
psy the reckoning.
"T?nscopAtrciiuRctr."
The Bishops of Maryland, North Csr-
olins. South Carolina, New Jersey and
Western New York, have, i is slated, re
quested a r pecial meeting; of the House of
Hishops probably run a view to consider
the case of ihe Bishop Onderdonk of New
York. sucn a reiinest irom nve niannpa
makes it j obligatory on the presiding
bishop 'lu eaH such a nteeting." -
? Bwhop Crrase resides athe Jubilee Col
lege, UlinVie, amis ha is to infirm to travel
any dials nee, the meeting will probably be
held -there se thai the buhops - have the
prospcel of a long journey ia the winter sea
on before ihem. - - - '
Hon. Robert Ck Winihrrip, Speaker of
ihe House of Representti v s, and member
e'er t frm the Bosion D'wirict ia ihe next
Contre. was married on Tuesday week,
to Mrs. Iuf Derby Wellcr. The cere,
mopy wfi perfpfmcd by Rev. Dr. ptkboJy.'