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RALEIGH, N. a, WEDESDAYI APRIL 15, 1863.
r
THI RSDAV. April 9, 1S83.
Theni is great uncertainty in the minds of our citi
zen as to the mode of ascertaining the real value of
property, under the Revenue act passed by our Legis
lature at its recent session. The difficulty occurs in
construing the. terni 'cash valuation." Some think
it was intended to assess property according to a
specie' valuation, whilst, others suppose that the valu
ation is to be laid, in the common currency of the
c6ui.try. The Legislature Icf the matter to the dis
cretion of the district nsees rt, subject to the revision
i.f the b-ia'rd of each eomJy at u general meeting.
we Know oi no autnority mat can control ine action
of the assessors, or tir.it can establish authoritatively
i:r what currency the valuation is to be made.
'- :e suppose- the Attorney-Geirral, if applied to, .;
would give -J.n views upin the subject, but whether
lie would undertake to'&ivea, formal opinion upon a
(question, whose decision 'jems to he entrusted to the
b ard of assessors is incre"than we can say. Nor are
we prepared to say whether he ought to do so or not.
It may seem that the Legislature ought to have
j'-.v-d junie standard of valuation in order to secure a
"ui.if. rfil taxuli n throughout tho State. We think
l!e L'-gi!aturc-was. right in neither fixing a value
i.poii property, nor intimating what currency the
the valuation was to be made in.
.0n the iiit.p')int we hope never to see the vexed
pucstion ol local ink-rest iu'rpduccd into the Legisla
f urc-. The. valuation of the property of one section
hould never 'op place-!! in the hands of representa
tives from a section vh.:.s- on -ix-rtv is different from
the firt. Parfv strife and sectional animosity would
" . ..".'
be cjig'-ndred and -mbittcrcd at each session of the
L' gisia: ure. and -'every measure f.r the common good
.would be'thwarted 'y intestine jealousies.
f u l!ie second point, the ctnreney in which proper
ty is to be valued. We think the less legislation upon
tho currency tin better, it vi!l be. The iv.'ul ition of
"thai, matter m re pivpei-lj belongs to Congress -.
What reguluiioiis are. made should be uniform and
i his cannot be attained, if tho Legislature !of every
'.State shall commence tinkering with the subject.
Our own opinion is, that property shouM be valued
ac -ording to its cash Va'u ition in tlie conlrnon-xurren-ev,-because
the rule i a simple one and can always
be artnlieT. If the valuation is made according to a
deoreeiate:', cunencv tiie tax is paid in the same and
t!,c d uality of iuc nyeuicn-.c orbm-doa is maintained.
It appears to us clearly improper to value property 1
'.according to a specie Iums, and then recc;v'e the. pay-
i : i, .ii t , . f t it. t iv in -i en riNv.fV v'liicli T: vi.vf!: in' t.r
mark'-t only one-third th ? price of specie. Were we
of tlit. board of ass?s.sors, wo should contend for
t.i,e ca.-h 'Value in Confederate money.
Tnere i.s'au'.-iii-.'r question to which our attention
Ins been drawn. We refer to the question of the
proper place of listing the property of refugees from
the cuemj's line.- ; ami who is compelled to pay the
."tax o.r the negro ; hired in the West, from eastern
iue.i'f who have bio-tight them from home. We un
cen.taud there is a law of the past I .egi.-lat ti re . a dov-
iag rtiuees to list their property m any county m
whic h thev h r--e teinnorari! y ctfVd their 'negroes.
We.l i 'it e-, however, -that law leaves upon the owner.
:md not tlie- hirer, the obligation of paying the tax.
Tin; old law is not : disturbed in this respect. The
Ate i-ney-Gencia! has been applied to upon the sub
ji .-t of - lisifing refugee negroes. He has promi.d
-oii to oivc'i his opinion upon; the matter, and we pre
fer" not h forestall his opinion by any views of our
o-.v a . - I
To cur (vrrc-si.ni.d -nt who has elicited the above
remarks froin us, we- can only ex pi ess our regret that
-we -are utiA'de to give more satislact ry. replies. -
i In speaking of the heaitless course of speculators
-ind'.v'x-tortioncrs, a corrpspendont of the Dull din thus
mentions sme instances of men who have souls.
!r thorn be remembered.
Yet. mong so many speculators atul extortioners,
c have n Jew, I take great pleasure in saying, whose
': nscieiices imre not Imimi so completely atiuihilated
! v ti e '-' almighty dollars," but wl.o have been aetu
a'ed.by nobler and uvre exalted 'n-signs Among
"'who! a I will mention 15. W. Andrew and J. M. An
divw.' (ff t.'ane Creek, w-hose heai ti ;u!ver op.cn to
tiiMiecdv. 'Those gi ntlemon are .selling corn to the
' f.i-;, i i.-s ofjsoldicrs at one dollar per bushel, while they
reti;.-.; to let speculators have it at any price. Also, I
wiii ret forget the ;enorositv of lr. W. II. Atkin,
'if ( io! le'.i, Yaih v, wik is hihlv esteemed bv all who;
ow hinf. both as a physician and a genlleinen. Dr.
At kin's attention is almost exclusively to the sick and
vo mi ted sMdiers and their Jinnn s. . lie n avs a lnrh
his m
diciii
and with an open and philae- t"
"1
'; .'art l e nives them to t!ip soldiers and their
'Tunilies ;.' if they have not other-means than their
l:en dollars per 'month, he charges, "thing. These
nit-n. c-re'loiiir. will reap a reward for. their benevo
' -. i-.;t t'.e -xt.rtio'iei-s will be consigned to their
W. W. 0.
cr
.o-iiii L. i;oV:n vi tLis county is another ot toe,
en read !' in' the a-pers who will not grow rich
'ing his fat in products at famine piice?. lie
:..;s oec;. aie t is ct. : .
.U-v a!.' at. per'basi.. i.
' rates, at v.nich the 'at ti.
lui iL ur at per sack, and
Tiie-e are less than half the
are sc
him;.
ia v ins c
hil-
d;eii's chi'dro:. .";r Ids .-teiy foi:dly te-ld to them
;a";y ;yearsdiei:ee. o,o'.v'!;ry IVatchman.
. Ue
re-is one mere instance of the right spirit
RiCriiT Spiurr. 1). A. Covington. Ksq., of
l '. I mon County,, writes fto tl.e-V. adesl'-o'ro' Ar- ,
as : -hows: r j
t x'.u think 1 wo:dd jean; some Cotton but, my l
1 jr-ar
in w
r. l see it won t do. (mr very existence' t!e- jl excitement, was then revived in alt its'ranCor, rnalig-ni-oii
this jnattcr. Unless every exertion is t v and notra-fo It. mold rot. hp fidrlv adiusted be
V. .u.can t-.e ni.ul
1 I i v.- i.v- o v-v.
wc shan iKiVe iamit.e upon
everv i-lai.t(.r in Ai.sitn, m'-t
" 1
t -; c ;u-! -j in C"U.n.' a fari,t there (.Hid
hti ; ttcl ! up-taut a n if (jvltvii. A I rt ad y tlie
u- kinu.t starvation as a means. by which
1 -i.-i jiViVe ::s. t i;s. then, make -n is.ue
oi upon t'.u'.t. and show thtm that we are-iii-'
o: sbem in-- aciv r-. sp;i t I. f-r oi.e, am
vc :
i-'r.-d iot to p: nt an jicro in C-o-n.
i';tOHH;R KiNSTOX .COURESrOXRXT.
K'ls.-ioX. April C.
i .Limv.us. 'i a tk Jiii iK . i. : Wchavt nothing defi
nite this morning front Washington, .hut from all we
can Ic'arn.evrytlm-.g at ' that- point is working for
xl. (icn. Hill has thy Yankees completely eutrap
ul, and in his ow time ho wid carry out his plans
v.iih ho::Vr to himsdi' -and advantage to the coun
try .
- f wiii keep y
:.u 2o&ied with the 'transactions down
w.iv.
. -.My lastdctter. contains substantially; a correct vcr- I
.-i.'m f ..tv..: 1.1 !
t i
snails as tney now are
,;r. (but I'leverthehss seiious to iho poorfellows
whj have met the awful calamity) which was caused
yni our artillery engagement with the enemy's
gunboats on the river. Some few wounded have
en scut up toGr,eenvilleand on or two have died
.Ir?nrtha amputation of limbs. s
All is qnitt this, evening along tlie lines below thJfe
1 ':e. i
' For tire jState Journal.
Previous to the dissolution of the Union the pros
pective, glory of the United States watjf a subject
which overwhelmed the imagination and awakened
the liveliest emotions of patriotism. No people on
earth, of ancient or modern times, ever had' such a
country so vast, so great, so powerful, so produc
tive, so rapidly increasing; possessing every variety
of climate, from Maine to Texas ; every plant, every
growth, from the great pine of the Aroostook to the
.delicate jessamine of the Rio del Norte. Within
their geographical limits the sources of incalculable
wealth ; their mountains filled with the. riches of every
mine; their valleys inviting the labors of the hus
bandman, and yielding a support as none other under
the sun: The waves, of the broaei Atlantic and the
still waters of the. Pacific washed their coasts; their
ships "rhitened the ocean, laden with their surplus
products, bound for the' markets of the world, under
the protection of a flag respected by the nations of
the-earth. With a population of thirty millions,
leaving an extent of territory equal to ancient and
modern empires yet to be filled, calculating on. a pop
ulation in City years of one huudred millions.
The ultimate history of the country, but for the
fanaticism of, the North, baffles all human concep
tion. In the shore period of seventy-four years, from
the adoption of their Government, they had extended
their frontier to ton thousand, their sea coast to up
wards of four thousand, their lake' c.Jfast more than
one thousaud'miles. ...;!."
All this and much more not .here , mentioned had j
been accomplished within the lifetime ot some who
were present and witnessed the birth' of the nation
and beheld its unparallelled growth? and power.
What would have been its future, pressed on by the
accumulated energies of the sixty years, previous to
the separation of the States ? As the imagination !
attempts to draw ibis picture the future greatness, j
power and glory of the United Statcshad the South j
continued m the union, the mind shrinks Ifom the
conception and the judgment is at fiult in attempting
a-'presentation of an inconceivable reality.
I have not drawn this pen-picture of what the
United States might or 'would have been but for the
separatioii of the South, for the purpose of inducmg
the reader to regret or condemn the act, for from it ;
but to satisfy him that the North would overthrow
heaven itself to effect its wicked ends; that the North
was the cause of tlie dissolution of tlie Union that
the North hid aggrieved the South 'that the North
for the last thirty years had legislated for the advance
ment of her own interests that the North was hos
tile to the institutions of the South-that 'the North
had declared the irrepressible conflict j-that the North
had obtained the control of the Government, and that
the South having lost her equilibrium in the councils
of the General Government, was compelled, in defence
of her rights, privileges and immunities, all of which
had been ignored by the North, to eeede and resume
her sovereignty, and establish a Southern Confede
racy. - ' . ;
In locking back to the history of governments I j
find but few that have not undergone; some material,
fundamental change. It would seem; that there is a ;
cycle in governments as well as in the. generations of j
men. In regard to the United States: allowing a few'
years for getting its machinery in order and putting
it in operation and settling conflicting views and in
terests, we may begin our reckoning eluring the sixth
ytv.r of its age. The succeeding thirty years public
attention was directed to our foreign relations, to our
position among the nations of Europe.; our .relative
rights and duties, our national obligations, the rela
tion' which the States occupied to the General Gov
ernment, the powers delegated and the powers re- j
served, to the character of our Government, whether i
it .was a consolidated or federative system. During, j
thrt period the Jelieisonian theory and policy oh all
these subjects was triumphantly established. The
"prevalence of this theory, harmonizing the preroga- j
lives of tlie General Government with, the reserved :
rights of the States, resulted in the rejnarkable " era '
of goo i feeling " which distinguished the closing of
the tilth administration. Llere ended -the first cycle j
of our Government, equal to an ordiadry human gcr. I
oration." The second great cycle, commencing with j
the administration ot J. ,Q. Adams and closing with j
that, of Mr. Pierce, led to the introduction, cons.ide- !
ration and settlement of the financial relations of the
Federal Government. The policy adopted in regard
to all these point- a policy tending to swell the rev
enue ami extend its powers, and to limit the fttncttoi s
of the State governments grew out bf the assuinp-,
tic-n and concentration of power by the Federal Gov
ernment, and . the acquit sconce in such centralization
on the part of tiie people. Strange to say, this policy
was favored by some who had distinguished them
selves as leaders in the old Republican' party, and
who controlled public affairs during the war of 1812.
The condition of the country at the close of that war
proved to be the mother of many -political and finan
cial bantlings, some of which were smothered in their"
infancy, others grew to an adult age. doing much mis
chief. The dangerous tcudency of this policy in ab
sorbing the powers of the States anel .weakening the
safeguards of personal liberty aud local; Independence,
soon begat a nvw classification of parties Democrat
ic aud national Republican the one opposed to, and
the other in favt r of this policy -the latter indica
ting a greater concern to support the prerogatives of
the Federal Government -than the independence asd
sovereignty of the States. This was evidently an at
tempt to resurrect tlie old Federal parfv.and place it
in t'iie ranks of hadonal republicans, t.hre being no
uuierenco la-tween ineui eiuier m principle or poncy.
At a later period of this cycle of the Government,
this combination of parties rinding itself still in the
minority, assumed the' imposing name df. Whig. 1
will not undertake to give a history of ; this period.
The struggles between these parties, Democratic and
1 Whig, was umoinitied and severe, attended with al
ternate. triumph and defeat, till finally tie democratic
policy ju-oved triumphant and become : the settled
policy of the country? The National Bank was
abandoned as "an abtelcte idea ;" the protective tar
iff svsteni and internal improvement by the General
Government were surrendered, and the principles of j
the tariff of 184G became tne established policy of the
country. Thus ended the second cycle of ; our gov-c-ri.
menial history. . ;
The third evele of our government commenced
with President Tierce's administration. Alltiieoues-
tions which hat! previously divided the several parties
of the country had been settled. The slavery tjue-;-
ti,.,n; though it had before produced much feeling and
tween tlie North and the South. Trffe latter had
ahvf.dt- submitted b wav of compromise to infrinije
mei't.v of her rights; no further concessions could be
made. The North seeing this, avowed the irrepress
ible conflict, maintaining that the unie.il of :the States
could n-t ie preserved whilst some i'ibf tiiem were
slave-holding ant the others not. Upon this platform
Lincoln as elected what followed is with the re;-d-er.
Our government only survived two 'cycles and a
few years after its machinery had been put ip success
ful operation. May the Southern Confederacy, "com-,
p'.istti of States between which there is no conflicting
opinions tin the subject f slavery,. be perpetual.
' J. M. J.
i FROM OUR KIXSTOX CORUESPOXdEXT. j
Kixstox, April 8th, JSCS. j
EiiTons State Journal: One Yankee gun -boat !
ran past our batteries at Hill's Point, on the: Tar river, -j
on the mgKt ot the Cth. fche passed in. I lie, Uar&.
We do not think that another will sUcceedHu this
- " i. u. h ''
News reachfd here on yesterday evening that tciy
aukce fesriments have landed at Bi? S:wi:t Creek e
route for Washington. If this report ; be true, their
object is to get into the rear of Gen. Hill, in order to j
raise the siege of Washmgtt u by -a land attack, as j
tneir communication by water has been cut off.
But the Swift Creek movement will avail them
nothing, as preparations have been made to meet them
should they attempt that route.
' o ;.
SPEECH OF THOMAS H. SET MO HE,
Democratic Candidate for Governor of Connecticut at
Hartford, on Wednesday Evening, March Wth,
1863. ;
Gentlemen :: I have spoken of the crisis iu our
affairs. Tne world has never seen one exactly like it.
Our rights have been taken away by arbitrary power.
The sword and the bludgeon have been called in to
effect these most wicked outrages. What have we to
oppose to them I, The ba'riot only; but the ballot is
mightier than kings. App'ause.J The poet has well
described how it .
"As lightly falls :
As snow-flakes fell upon the sod,
But executes a freeman's will
As lightning does the will. of God!"
Great cheering.J
Now, my friends, what is required of us at this
juncture of. affairs ? . I address myself indiscriminate
ly to all those who have enlisted under our banner
to those who have enlisted under our banner for the
vigorous prosecution of peace Great applause.
What is required of us, I say ? Perfect freedom of
speech, abnegation of self, self possession, steadiness
of purpose, and a firm and unalterable resolution to
stand by the Constitution and the laws. Well, now,
your declarations, my friends, regard to these great
objects of your party organization, as expressed in the
proceedings of your convention, have raisjed a storm
abeut your heads, and it rages ai the present time.
I am glad that it is so. I see in the very fury of the
gale the means of deliverance. Applause. Gen
tlemen, I crossed the Black sea once in a fearful tem
pest a temfest that sent the waves chasing after us
like so many fiends'; but it was the wild winds that
drove away the mist then along the coast, and opened
to our view the anchorage of the Bosphorus. If it
had not been'for the gale, we might have drifted to
ward the Asiatic coast and been caught between the
Symplegades. Now, the rage of man is as the ra
ging sea, and those that fear either; will not do to
pursue the leviathan under the tropics, or to grap
jd? with the hydra of Federal abolitionism. Ap
plause. ; " '
Gentlemen, the doings of your convention have my
hearty approval. They have caliee out all the bit
terness of the opposition. Now, it is lamentable that
thereshoukl be so much "bitterness at the present day,
but iVippose that it cannot very well be helped. If
you anel those associated with you in -drafting your
resolutions had glossed over the atrocious doings of
the meniu pewer if you had compromised with
your consciences and found an cxcvjf)p.jjiere and an
apology there for what l as been done, you might have
passed muster with the men in power, and been voted
p ttriots of the secomt water, if not of .the first. But,
my triendSj it is better as it is. Who noble ends by
noble means would obtain should not count the cost
of the struggle. V ho wou.d win the crown must
first wrestle with wild beasts at Kphesusand I there
f re rejoice that you have taken your stand in favor
of State rights and constitutional right--, and that you
are determined to maintain these. Applause. - Do
this, and you shall recover your liberties. Great
Applause. Fail to do this, aud you1 'will be crushed
between the upper and nether mill stoiie. Now, gen
thmen, another thing: Since yeu have come out
thus boldlj-, as you should have done, the old talk is
revived lie re in this community about loyal and dis
loyrd, aud teds of this kind are-applied to one and
another in this Community. Now, those who use
these woids, in scorn or of hatred of you, either do
n-t know the trye origin and application of these
words, or they are troubled with what is called tlie
"King's Evil." Laughter. Sir, what have loyal
or disloyal to do with our institutions ? They are not
indigenous to our seil any more than the Canada this
tle or the deadly upas. When the Americans cast off
tlie British yoke, they banished the wbrds "loyal'' and
vdisloyal" from our political Bible. They are not to
. be found either iu tlie Constitution ofjyour country or
iu the " psaliu'.' of " Jefferson and liberty." But-1
will tell yon v.-liere. you may find I hem. In the pr. -elaniations
ef Lord Howe, and Coniwallis, and Clin
ton, anel in i heir orders which gave the JerSe-ys and
Carolina.-; to lire and sword ; and if jlou look further,
yi u may possibly find ihom in t.he death warrant
winch consigned the martyr Hale tci an ignominious
grave. We. are rot called npen toind
language as this. Devotion to the C
edge in any such
mstitution of the
Union of ciur country is the sentiment of our heart,
anel is all that- we are called upon toj rentier. ' As teir
those other Words of :i treason" and
political hatred is constantly casting in the faces of
patnotic liberty-loving men, they arc of little or no
account, excepting when the lying tongue may ex
pose some individual to odium or positive injury. In
such a case let the traduccrs beware,' Great cheer-
But, my friends, again, the denngsbf your conven
tion have raised a clamor in this aid; other communi
ties, the amount of which is that you arc about tr
inaugurate a civil war in the country. Now, then,
we, will take care that there shall be no civil war,
applause, and we will take care that the people
have their rights. Great applause. Who ever
heard of a peace measure provoking war and blood
shed ? These men, I fear, are troubled with distem
pered fancies. They have had so much to do with
blood letting, that it seems to have discolored every
thing about them. If ihey recall the mission of .Wil
liam Penn they will be - apt to conclude that peace
measures, after all, ara not to bael. When he came
.to the banks of "the Delaware, it was a wild country.
There he found a warlike tribe, who had been butch
ering each other, time out of mind ; scalping each
ether, kntcking out each other's brains. War to them
was a pastime, and bloxl the incense of their lives.
The story is a touching one. A gra ve man, animated
by' the true spirit of philanthropy, went in among
the red men and talked to them as a friend. ,I.Ie got
thorn together iu council ; he breathed into them
s.'inething of the divine principle of charity thai was
in mm. 1 hey listened to lntr. as
Great Spirit, aud all at once he held
one sent by the
them, as it were.
in the hollow. of his hand. Involuntarily they laid
down their arms, thev buried the hatchet, and forever
after ceased to make war upon each jother.
But these men that have traduced! you. your prin
ciples and your intentions, have conveyed the idea, or
sought to convey the idia. that if the Democratic
.party could got power as I have i o doubt they ae
! about to "do, ijreat cheering tnp laws are to be
: overturned. Ah, it is a libel on trie great, and nu-
' merous and patriotic party. Their jhistory is that of
! a law-abiding parly, as von, gentlemen, both of you
j (turning b Sir. Toucoy and Mr. Eaton,) very well
j know. If the old Whig party were In-existence, they
j would tell yau o. They will do nothing whe-u in
power, cither to grieve the living or dutly the memory
!. of the death Let our conservative. . follow citizens,
! men of property, give no hoed to minors and declar-
j ai ions of tii is sort, but believe that!, in the event of
any such triumph of th paty to wjhteh I refer, the
laws will be maintained, and that -.equal and exact
justice will be meted out to men df all parties and
sects, and persuasions. Great applause.
Another thing. They t-.uk to us of government.
They say you must support the government. Sir, 1
understand -perf- etly well what is meant by thss 'cry,
'Support the government." It melius, if it means
anything ar all, that we arc to supplort this admini
stration right or wrong ; and that I do not intend to
lo. Great cheering. I can see when we can make
a distinction between what is called! the government
and what is done outside of the government. There
are several kinds of government. There is that of
the Sultan of Turkey, a government j of the one man
power. He may .send bis mutes with the bow-string
to throttle those whom he fears and hates, of he may
tie up his women in sacks! and thfcjw them in the
Bosphorus. There are other governments where men
inprnrr-act independent ot any law except, the law
if their own breuih, and a hiaher law. which is not
known to patriots-. Then there is th constitutional
form of government, under which I was born, which
I have supported, and under whichj when iriy time
comes, I .would wish to die. Applause. Now,
although the Sultan of Turkey may! not do what he
pleases without being called to account for it. there is
no each iuhnmanity for a ruler under a 'republican
form of govenment. Whatever is done in accordance
with the constitution of the United States is the gov
ernment and a portion of our national life, and what
ever is done contrary to that constitution is jbo gov
ernment at all, such, as our fathers established but a
wicked usurpation. Cheers. Where are we at the
present day ? All Ihe most valuable rights of the
citizen, those especially that are set forth in the
twelve amendments of the constitution, have .been
swept away by the men in power, and to-day I I
lament to be obliged to say it to-day we are living
under a difterent form of governmenUhan that which
our fathers founded and sealed with their blood, i Our (
remedy for present abuses is not in revolution r'v nm.
ccedings but in the exercise of the right of ballot uf
which I have just spoken.
Now, gentleman, I see around me quite a number
of naturalized citizens, and I wish to say a few words
to them. The time has come when we may speak
plainly to each other. I ask you, my friends, what
induced you to this country ? "To escape tyranny.."
Do you think me impertinent for asking the question
and giving you the answer to it myself ? Why did yo-i
leave the Rhine and '.the llhone and the borders!
Lake Geneva ? Why did you lave the Neufchatel
and Constance? Why did you leave the Elba and
the Schcltd and the Hague ? Why did you leave, sun -ny
Italy, ihe scene of civil war for more than a hun
dred years, aud 'Tiy the vine-clad hills of France ?
Why did you leave Caledonia, " stern ad wild," and
sweet lakes that nestle in the bosom of hills ? Why
did you leave Killarny and Kilkenny, and those con
secrated places where Curran and Grattaa tlrundered
against oppression, and where Emmit laid down his
life ? Applause. Why did you leave the grave of
your kindred in the fatherland, " the God's sere :: of
Germany, and the churchyard of the United King
dom ? Why did you leave the historic scenes of the
Old World, where the Roman, the Northman, and the
blue-eyed Goth have been, and where they have left
the impress of their moral power, or of brute force
scenes where Thave sometimes stood, as it were, en
hanced, tiil I seemed to be incorporated with the
past, while ages surged by me? Why did you leav-3
the beautiful, the tender, the touching, the sublime
why did you leave all these for the new world ? Bet
ter, perhaps, I have sometimes thought n these days
of trial, that the good ship in-3 which you embarked
had been stranded on the French, the German, or ti e
1 1 ish coast, and ycu plucked from the rem.rsele s
wave not lesj; cruel and remorseless than the wra h
of man have returned to your native village, the e
to take up the burthen of life again ; better this than
that ycu should have come here just to taste the
sweets of liberty, and all at once have the cup dashed
from your lips. Applause.
And now for my answer. You come here, to g; t
rid of unjust law, of odious taxes "that take from jth-3
mouth of labor the broad which it has c-arhed'' to got
rid of large armies and navies that cat out tlie sub
stance of-the people, to get rid of stamp acts and con
scription acts, to be rid of provost marshals, and game
keepers, and bumbaliffs, the instruments of the ir.,u
rule. Great applause. You came hither to get
rid of a vile system of espoinage for which our lan
guage has no name, and to-get fid of the passpo: t
system that stops you at every frontier town till your
passport can be vised and stamped. You came where
speech was free and tlie press free, where there was
trial by jury, where labor was honored, and man, the
lord of Ids little patch of ground, or, it may be, of his
acres, could take his children in his arms and thank"
God that lie was bora in the land of frcedm.
Great cheering. This is what you came for. And
you came where civil and religious liberty had found
an asd urn and reared her temples to justice and to
the worship of the living God. But, men of foreign
lauds, you whom I have sometimes welcomed to our
shores, I am bound to tell y u that in some things
you have been misled lately, deceived, beguiled, and
cast, as it were, into the horrible pit. In the last
year-
-a year which, for its violation of personal rights
and disregard of constitutional
obligations
hould be
stricken irom tlie calendar tne men in
power, ois-
1
regarding the rights of the people under the Constitu
tion, have struck doyrn, in a succession of outrage -n
blows, many cl the rights which you had acquired
heie, and the privileges which you had begun to
enjoy, and have renewed here in o country some of
the worst features of the rotten dynasties of European
and Asiafic countries. And now. gentlemen, your
remedy is in your own hands. United together, and
Grin in your purpose, you may recover that which
you have lost, aud recover these inevitable privileges
in a constitutional waj
Gentlemen of ihe different clubs for I suppose yi u
arc all represented here 1 see in your organization
the noble impulse, the patriotic purposes, the holy as
peration and heroic resolve which have -characteriz'-d
the true friends of liberty in all ages of the world.
Y'our late Convention was a remarkable oue.
Every town in the State was represented. This is
something wdiich has never occurred bcfoie. Nor is
the explanation a difficult one. Every town has suf
fered more or less by the war. Every town has seal
on the edge of its horizon the shadowsof some coming
despotism. Every town has given something of the
flower of its youth to the cause. Some have returned
crippled for life ; others have come back to tell the
story of how they were treated by those who should
have been to them , friends and protectors. Every
town is loaded With taxes. In all of them there is
more or less mourning. Rachel weeping for her chil
dren, and refusing to be comfored because they are not,
and all of this misery, desolation, burthen, and op
pression, for the sake of political abolitionism. (Ap
plause.) Now, gentlemen, a word or two more and I h.v.e
done. Vviiatithe mission of the hour-? It is So'
speak out, and sneak plainly, and not only that, b it
to speak the whole truth ; and if you do this, you
mav say that we have gone far enough in an unprof
itable and cruel struggle. "It is tima to sheath t!e
sword and spare mankind." (Groat cheering.) "Al
ready have our quarrels fiiled the world with widows
and orphans." But, perhaps, you say to me some
ol yOUvve are to gain by this struggle, and thero
fbre it should goon. Gain what? If you conquer
the South; you have got to keep an army there to
ho'd them in subjugation, and empoverish yourselves
to pay for it. If you devastate the South and turn
the African loose, you destroy that p irtion' of your
country which was "once your best h'-m2 market, a id
'convert it into a desert. Is it liberty that are to gain ?
Alas, my friends, you have well" uigh lest your, lib
erties by. permitting the military to override the civil
power Depend upon i,t, in such a on test as this, at
the present time, there can be but one end, and tint
will be despotism tor yourselves and cnu.ircn. xno .
only hope is a return to peaceful counsels, the cry ;
should go forth fromone end of the land to the other, j
We have had had enough of this death struggle."
But what is to b done, they may say, after you got ;
a cessation of hostilities? Y cannot, perhaps. pen-
etrate the future and be able to see at this moment j
what Can or should be done. But allay the passions ;
w hich war engenders, and we shall be at no loss to ;
hud a way. Gd will help us. Applause. lit is
not by force of arms that we arc to hav? another ;
Union, but by force of reason. Rea-on hides harsl-lf
in these days a poor, naked, shivering-thitg amid
the pebing of the storm. Go to yonr army, and they ;
will tell you they have' "had enough of slaughter. ,-
Brave men will tell you this. There has not one bat- j
tie been fought since the war begun, whether in their j
favor or against them, that doubts bav not arisen in j
their minds as to the possibility of conquering tho j
South. Some of them remember What Chatham slid ;
of the rebellious colonies. They, could not forget, j
either, nor should we forget, that the men on the other j
side of the "invidious line" are of onr own kindred
spirit also, and; reflecting on these things, these men ,
of whom I am speaking, who are, many of them, j
looking to Connecticut and hoping for a democratic j
triumph here, applause these men ucgan w aouos,
the morale of the war. Is it for freedom, or is it the.
work of Cain itf a mnltiolied. vast and fearful form ?
F The pulpit may push it on, but the words of Christ
,sballeDuke,the pulpirs tnunaer ; mes-sai are me
v.r BTia1i Yp. ml led the children-of
,uoa. i lremendoas .ippiause.j
BY TELEGRAPH.
Reported expressly for the State Journal!
From Charleston
CnAULESTox, April 6.
Important movements arc taking place here, but
for military reasons no particulars can. 'jet bo tele
graphed. from the South,
Jackson, April 4.
Reports from Tort Hudson say that Banks has
fallen back. One division of his army is at Baton
Rouge, the i est down the river.
From the Southwest.
Jackson, April 4.
The Memphis Appeal has been received.
A despatch dated Chicago 27th says: Great con
sternation existed iu Kentucky. An advance is con
fidently -expected on Iiexington.
Troops were reaching Cincinnalti freely. Burn
side is commanding, but was too sick to take the
field. ......
An ofjicial dispatch to the Appeal, dated Seuntobia
4th; says : .
, Richardson's guerillas fought a regiment at Snm
mervilie, killing and wouniing t-ishiy.
; It is stated that 5,0W troops were -shipped at Mem
phis ostensibly for Vicksl-urg. After nij;ht they
went Northj . ,. - .
U Confederate Congress.
r Richmond, April 6.
,The Senate was iu secret session on the Tax bill.
In the Ilousii nothing '.important occurred. Mr.
Swan moved a suspension of the rules to ofter. a joint
resolution looking to the withdrawal of our commis
sioners from, tjreat Britain. Not two-thirds voting'
to1 suspend the rules, the motion wasloH.
From Yieksburg.
. Vicksbcro, April C.
Everything is quiet to-day. But 'very few boats
in sight. . Nothing new from the Yazoo. A flag jf
truce was sent down to-day by the enemy. Its mis
sion has not been published.
From Teniitssoe.
Cha'i i axooua, April 4.
'Nothing additional from the front this evening.
Skirmishes with the enemy's pickets sre of daily oc
curreuf but a" general engagement is nol? considered
imminent. .
'i A freight train ran off ti e track ncar.Curmherland
Mountaiu; on ihe Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad.
No lives were lost.
Bob' Johnson, sou of Andy Jouulou, is reported to
he captured by cur cavalry at Triune.
Interesting from the Xorth-
The Examiner has Northern dates of the 2d A
dispatch' dated Cairo 1st, says : .
'Sherman's expedition to the upper Yazoo has re
lumed without accomplishing its object. Just as this
paper predicted. Eds.
A dispatch to Louisville dated Sumereet 1st says :
Gea. Gilmer's forces attacked the rebels under Pegram,
iii a strong position, near Somerset, yesterda', and
fought -them five' or six hours, and whipped them
badly. Our loss does not exceed thirty, that of the
rebels is unknown.
The Philadelphia ledger says : -
Jt is no longer whispered as a secret that Burcside
has gone to Western Virginia, and .that a large por
tion of his old corps is ere this, west of the Alleghany.
The same paper says, the Administration confident
ly anticipate news of important successes by the Fed
eral fleet iu the rear of Charleston, arrangements hav
ing been perfected for tlie commencement of the at
tack on ihe 27th. If the batteries at Stono can be
taken, it is believed the Federal troops can be landed
and the city reached without assaulting Sumter and
Moultrie.
The Republican Unionists have elected their can
didate for Governor in Rhode Inland by a majority of
2.800. They have a large, majority in the Legisla
ture. The Boston Iltruld says Burnside, with his com
mand, has been assigned to the department of Ken
tucky to support lioscneranz, under the idea that a
formidable invasion of Kentucky is at hand.
Gold advanced in New York on. the 2d to 1581
Cotton advanced nearly 20 cents per pound. Sales
were effected at 74 cents,,, with an upward tendency.
-
! From the Sonthwest.
; Jackson, April 6.
Nev Orleans reports 6f tho 1st, state that Banks
crossed the river with ten thousand men at Donald
FODvIMe. He has gone down the bayou Laguemcn to
reinforce Hcitzel. The attack on Tccho awaiting.
Confederate Congress.
Uichmokd, April 7.
Tlit; Senate was in s-icret session to-day on the tax
bill. "
The House refused, by a voto:of twenty-two yeas
to 'fifty-nine nays, to pass the bill over the Presi
dent's veto, relative to heavy artillery for sea-coast de
fence. The Senates amendment to 'the bill prohibiting
flogging in the army was concurred in.
A Hou?e bill passed which prohibits the employ
ment of psrsons liable to military service as clerks in
offices of Quarter Masters and Commissaries, and
authorizes the detail ol disabled soldiers for that pur-
11
Froni t be West.
- Ja K'iN, April 6.
Gen. ChaluH.-rr, on Friday, decehed the enemy's
pickets within five miles of Memphis, killing two and
capturing one. '
Fort Pemberton d ues of the 5th have ?ccn received
The enemy's command embarking hiKt night or.
this morning are in rapid retreat we shelled their
camps. Our transports made a rcconotsance in fores
fn-in the, left fljjnk, alarming them very much. We
lired into their transports and troops, disabling the
boat Senatobia. The Appeal of the 6th has a s pecial
dispacth, saying the enemy were out in strong force
yesterday, but have all gone rack. "
Expected attack on Vieksburs.
Jacksox, April 7 ,
The enemy are retreating up the Tallahatchie; to
wards the Cold water.
Farragut, with three vessels Just above Port Hud
son, signalled the lower fleet. None of those ; havo
gone up.
Information from Momphis, deemed reliable, states
that Vicksburg will be attacked tins week.
The Federals are concentrated oh the line of
Memphis.
The Battle of Charleston Commenced !
ATTACK ON THE FORTS-SUMTEU, MOULTRIE,
AND MORRIS ISLAND REl'LY.
Seren Monitors fc s ne Ironsides open the Fight I
1
THE MONITOR KEOKUK AND THE MONTAt'K SVSkI
THE
YANKEES BACK Ol'T
STSPENDED. THE FIG UT
OUR LOSS ONE MAN KILLED!
The
Forts Uninjured Great
Charleston.
Excitement in
THE LADIES THRONG THE -BATTERIES !
Chaki.eton, April 7.
The attack commcuced at 3 o'clockfour iron-clads
out of seven engaged.' Heavy firing from them and
from Forts Sumter, Moultrie and Mortis Island.
,Thc Ironsides was hit and run ashor, bull got off
and was carried out of the engagement. Firing going
on at 51 p. m.
SECOND DISrATCH. Y m
Charleston'; April 7. '
At two this afternoon, 'seven Mumtws and the
Frigate Ironsides . crossed, the ' bar' and steamed in
towards Sumter. At three they opened fire at the
distance of three thousand yards. Sumter, Moultrie,
and the batteries at Sullivan's Island and Mori is Is
land replied. with spirit.
At half past, three the firing became very rapid and
almost continuous, and continued till five, when it.
gradually diminished and is uow heard o.nly at long
intervals. The fire was concentrated on Fort Sumter.
The Keokuk and Ironsides withdrew at half past four
o'clock, apparently disabled. , ' . t
Fort Sumter is uninjured. The enemy's fire killed
one man. Intense excitement, prevails, bat cvpry
body is confident of our triumph. The Battery prom
enade is crowded with soldiers viewing. the' (ijrht
Our Iron-clads have gone out to take park in-the
melee. At this hour there ''s a lull in the firing.
third dispatch. .'
.There has boon no firing sinceibalf past five, p. m.
It is certain that, the Keokuk and Ironsides were bad
ly injured. All the Monitors wore frequently hit,
with results unknown. Fort Sumter was the chief
aim of all tho Iron-clads.. Our casualties were one
boy killed and five men badly wounded in Sumter,
and one gun dismounted and one man wounded in,
Moultrie. Tho other batteries not heard from. So .
far our suceffcs is most gratifying. We expect a renew
al of the attack at airy moment. Occasional guns
arc now heard. ,
1-0URT1I dispatch.
Charleston, April 8. 10a.m.
The enemy has made no renewal of the attack on
Sumter.
An official dispatch has just been received if rorri
Sumter, wh i.-h announces that the Ionlauk, the most
formidable of the'mortaM, and possessing two turrets,
has sunk off Morris' Island. '
FIFTH. DISPATCH.
Charleston, April 8, 1-30 p. m.
To Gen. S. Cooper :
Seven turret ted iron-clads and the Ironsides are
within the bar twenty-two biockaders off the bar.
The Keokvk is certainly sunk off tho beach of
Morris' Island. .
No disposition apparent to renew the conflict.
(Signed) ' G. T. Beauregard. v
sixth dispatch, -
Richmond, April 8tli.
A private dispatch from Charleston thij afternoon
says :
The enemy has not come up to timo. He ap
pears satisfied for the present 1 The Charleston la
dies, Peem to think the city sife. I rievr saw; su
many before on ti& battery.
God bless the ladies !
Important from Europe, Ac.
Richmond, April 7.
The Examiner has later Northern dates, bunging
European intelligence to the 22 1 ult.
, Fifteen trillions pounds sterling of the C-an federate
f-Ioan was taken at a .premium of 3 to 4 per cent.
premium. .
The revolutionists in Poland have met with a dis
astrous repulse at Farnovc'r, losing four hundred and
fifty killed and wounded.
A dispatch from Washington announces prepara
tions tu enforce the draft. Two hundred thousand
men are called for to fill the ranks of -.the old regi-
menU. . -
No intelligence from the Connecticut election.
Gold 154.
From Port Hudson.
Mobile, April 8.
A special dispatch to the Advertiser & Iltg titer
dated Port Hudson, 6th says :
The Hartford landed a force at Bayou Sarah this '
morning and destroyed the government stores.
It i3 stated that Farragut has gone to Washington
via Memphis on account of his health failing. .-
From Yick&bur?. f
VuusDcnZ, ArniLC. ..
Thc'enemy is withdrawing troop3 frpm the penin
sular. Yesterday all the tents were struck. Four
large transports .loaded with troop have gone up
the 'iver, and from all indication?, there are others
below following.
Advices from Grand Gulf state, that h.oavy musket
ry firing was heard abo.vc New Cartlragc for two .
hours on Simday.and supposed that Harrison's Caval
ry attacked the Yankees near Roundancey Bayou.
SKHOST DISPATCH.
' ViCKSBUijfc, April 7.
! Another tmnsport with troops left the Yankee fleet
' to-day'. ..'. ' - '
The enemy cut the levee and turned, the water into
i the idd camping ground on the pcuinsula,!
j Nothing from Husbpuckana or the jfyjbt of Harri
j sou's cavalry -below. ' '
Sales of Confeilf rate Bonds.
1 Richmond-, April'7.
At auction, to-day, Confederate tapn Bunch, fif
teen million, loan, brought 137 ; ditto, rcgUiercd, US;,
bonds, of 'tho hundred million loan, redeemable in
1872, brought 106. Georgia seven: per cents 150.
Attack on Port Hudson.
" '. . Tout Hudson, April 7, . .
, The lower fleet has opened firo, Ijwgout of reach
of our batteries. . They ars firing slowly, without cf
fept. '- "-.." - .-.
t.:
t mi
O 1