WEATHER
Considerable cloudiness with scat
tered showers and thunderstorms
this afternoon, tonight and Satur
day. No change in temperature.
Tshe Hhelhy Baily Steu
CLEVELAND COUNTY’S NEWSPAPER SINCE 1894
TELEPHONES 1100
- State Theatre Today -
“The Body Snatcher”
BORIS KARLOFF
BELA LUGOSI
VOL. XLI1I— 173
ASSOCIATED PRESS NEWS SHELBY, N. C. FRIDAY, JULY 20, 1945
TELEMAT PICTURES
SINGLE COPIES—6c
Superforts Seel Off Kagoshima
RECORD B-29
ASSAULT FIRES
i FOUR JAP CITIES
Cascades 4,000 Tons Of
Fire And Explosive
Bombs
ONE PLANE LOST
By AI Dopkin
GUAM, July 20—(/P)—More
than 600 Superfortresses in
record strength set confla
grations in five Japanese in
dustrial centers with 4,000
tons of incendiary bomb^ to
day as Okinawa-based tacti
cal air forces made the war’s
heaviest raid on Shanghai
and Thunderbolt fighter
bombers sealed off rail trans
port to the Japanese city of
Kagoshima.
The Superfortresses set Fukul,
Hitachi, Chosl and Okazaki aflame
and struck the Nippon oil refin
ery at Amagasaki a heavy blow in
raids before dawn.
WEATHER ADVERSE
The weather forced Instru
ment bombing at all targets
except Fukui. but all results
were declared to be good to
excellent. Two B-29's were lost;
five crewmen from one ship
were rescued.
Meanwhile Oen. Douglas MacAr
thur announced from Manila that
more than 300 tactical medium,
heavy and attack bombers with
fighter escort, ail from Okinawa,
crossed the east China sea end
hurled more than 290 tons of!
bomba on Kiangwan airdrome Just
north of Shanghai
Kiangwan, the greatest enemy
•ir base in China, had four paved
runways for bombers, two fighter j
strips and numerous building*. |
Heavy cloud cover prevented ac
curate observation of results.
Thunderbolts which escorted the
bombers found and hit the Tinghal
airdrome in Chu Shan island op
posite Shanghai In low-level at
tacks.
KAGOSHIMA HIT
Coincident with these Tues
day raids, others of MarAr
thur’s Okinawa-based Far East
air forces heavily hit Kago
ahima on the main Japanese
southern island of Kyushu,
blocking three important rail
way tunnels and damaging a
fourth. Kagoshima, a city of
180.000, site of ammunitions
works and a submarine ship
yards, was thus cut off from
rail communications with rest
of Japan.
Kagoshima's docks also were hit
■long with oil storage facilities.
Another force of MacArthur's
tactical Thunderbolts put twelve
BOO-pound bombs into a 10,000-ton
See RECORD Page 2
Graham Pleads For
I Educational Balance
AUBURN, Ala.. July 20. —UP)—
Dr. Frank P. Graham, president of
the University of North Carolina,
says that "The federal government
Is the only agency’’ which can bring
about "balance” in educational op
portunity “for all children.”
The educator who is also a mem
ber of the War Labor board, said
here last night that "the present
national crisis in public education is
a crisis in American democracy.”
Congressional bills providing fed
eral aid to education and to hos
pital and rural health centers
measures now pending—would af
ford better educational advantages
for children in all states and more
adequate medical care for all peo
ple, especially residents of rural
areas, Dr. Graham asserted.
Army Releasing Men
At Rate 4,000 Day
»
t
WASHINGTON, July 20. — UP)—
The Army is releasing men at the
rate of 4,000 a day, with nearly 200,
000 already discharged under the
point system.
Acting Secretary of War Patter
eon reported the figures in a news
conference explanation yesterday
of why the Army refused to meet re
cent demands of 50 industrial and
professional groups that soldiers be
discharged to meet civilian needs.
At this time, Patterson said, the
Army is returning to civilian life
about twice as many as it is taking
in through induction.
By June 1, 1946, the Army ex
pects to have released a total of
2,000,000 men and to have taken in
800,000 new men, he said.
RAIDS ON JAPAN CONTINUE—British and American forces are con
tinuing raids on the Jap home island of Honshu, with latest strikes re
ported by American carrier planes on the Jap Naval base of Yokosuka
and at Shioya-Saki and by British carrier planes on Niigata, Matushima
and Masuda. American warships shelled Nojixna Cape.—(A Wlrephoto
Map)
City Tax Rate Held At 90
Cents Despite Budget Boost
Aldermen Approve $481,277 Budget Carrying 10
Per Cent Pay Raise Far Employes
Municipal expenditures for the year 1945-46 approved
in a budget adopted at a special meeting of the board of
aldermen last night were increased $36,848 ove rthe 1944-45
outlay to a total of $481,277.54, but the same tax rate of 90
cents in effect last year was approved for the current fiscal
ADVANCE UNITS
REACHING U. S.
B.v The Associated Pres*
(NY)—Most of the 13th armored
division embarked yesterday (Thurs
day) at Le Havre for the United
States. Advance units sailed June
30.
Army units arriving in the Unit
ed .States today:
At New York—The entire 44th
infantry division: 23rd and 38th
regiments of the Second division,
and the 11th regiment of the
Fifth division, the 12th, 37th and
38th field artillery battalions of the
2nd infantry division.
The following arrived yesterday:
• At New York — Units of the
Eighth air force, as follows: HQS
92nd, 93rd, 95th combat bomD
wings; HQ and HQ squadron 46th
air dep. group, 46th depot replace
ment squadron, 46th depot supply
squadron, 46th medical supply pla
toon; 913th signal depot company;
987th MP company; 862nd, 882nd
chemical companies air operations,
2214th QM truck company avia
tion; 763rd chemical depot com
pany aviation; 479th QM platoon
air depot wing; 1947th, 2005th,
2056th, 2091st and 2103rd QM com
panies aviation; 1912 ordnance
ammunition company aviation,
1131st, 1132nd and 874th army
postal units; 137th, 155th, 157th,
61st, 110th and 125th general hos
See ADVANCE Page 2
year.
The increase in expenditures
will t>e absorbed out of the surplus
and what are expected to be in
creased collections.
$117,000 FOR STREETS
Largest item in the increased
budget Is for street work. One
$47,000 contract has already been
let and city officials indicated that
other projects would be undertak
en, a total of $117,000 being al
lowed for street maintenance. In
creased allotment was also made
for work on sewer improvement
projects.
Regular city employes were
allowed a raise In pay which
will amount to approximately
10 percent over that which
they are now receiving. This
increase in pay does not apply
to the statutory officials, the
mayor, and members of the
board. The raise is exclusive
of the war bonus which is
paid at the end of the year.
AUDIT SHAPING
For running the city of Shelby,
only a comparatively small part
is collected from the 90-cents levy
in ad valorem taxes. From this
source last year a total of $82,
377.99 was collected as compared
with a total of $309,929.49, realized
from utility revenue.
Robert H. Cooke, certified pub
lic accountant, assisted in prepar
ing the budget which was adopted
last night and he is now engaged
in making the annual audit of
city finance.
SENATE BOOSTS
EXPORT-IMPORT
LOAN LIMITS
Congress Approves Bret
ton Woods International
Monetary Program
HELP FOR RUSSIA
WASHINGTON, July 20.—
(TP)—The senate completed
congressional approval today
of legislation boosting the
lending authority of the ex
port-import bank by $2,800,
000,000.
By an unanimous voice vote, the
senate sent to President Truman
a measure increasing the bank’s
loan limit from $700,000,000 to $3,
500,000,000.
This rounds out an adminis
tration monetary program
which included authority, ap
proved by the chamber yester
day, for American participa
tion in a $9,100,000,000 inter
national bank for reconstruc
tion and development and an
$8,800,000,000 fund to support
world currencies.
The increase in export-import
funds will provide loans to finance
American shipments of goods to
war-devastated Europe. Leo Crow
ley, foreign economic administra
tor, said about $1,000,000,000
would be earmarked for Russia.
FULLY APPROVED
• The linked States Congress to
day became the first big power
parliamentary body to approve the
44-natipn Bretton Woods interna
tional monetary program.
Final approval was by unani
mous voice vote in the house after
that body had accepted minor
senate amendments to the meas
ure originally passed by the house.
The action sends the legislation to
President Trtuniti for his signa
ture.
Earlier congressional leaders had
expressed hope that Mr. Truman
would receive the legislation while
attending the Big Three confer
ence at Potsdam.
Meanwhile, Senator Murdock
CD-TJtah) told the senate today
that America’s immediate postwar
problem will not be to find inter
national trade but to take care of
that which comes voluntarily.
Senator Langer (R-ND) had
suggested amending the export -
import bank legislation to provide
for stationing representatives of
the bank in major trade centers
throughout the world. The legis
lation expands the bank’s lending
power from $700,000,000 to $3,500,
000. The bank finances exports
and imports.
Senator Says Men
Unable Get Shorts
Wear Ladies Pants
WASHINGTON, July 20.—(P)
—The textile shortage has re
duced Detroit men to “buying
ladies’ panties for their own
use” according to word receiv
ed by Senator Ferguson (R
Mich).
Without naming the author,
Ferguson quoted to the senate
yesterday from a letter from a
Detroit firm of wholesale dry
goods dealers:
“The scarcity of essential tex
tile items becomes steadily more
acute. At present, it is only a
laughing matter that men in
Detroit are buying ladies’ pan
ties for their own use because
of the shortage of men’s shorts.
“But when colder weather
rolls around and warmer under
wear is not available for chil
dren and outdoor workers, the
howls will be terrific.”
G-2 REVEALS:
Plot On Hitler Was Wehrmacht’s Hope
By GEORGE TUCKER
FRANKFURT ON THE MAIN,
July 20. — ()P)—Officers of the 0-2
(Intelligence) division of the United
States forces in the European
theater (USFET) are convinced that
one primary purpose of the July 20
bomb atempt on Adolf Hit
ler’s life was to end the war in
such a way as to leave the German
general staff intact.
In their judgment the plot
ters, who made their bid for
power just a year ago today,
hoped after removing the fueh
rer to negotiate a peace with
the Allies that would perpe
tuate the general staff, at least
leave it to prepare for the next
war.
Members of G-2 who have exam
ined hundreds of official interroga
tion reports have fitted together the
fantastic details of one of the sig
nificant plots of history — which
backfired into wholesale executions
of Wehrmacht officers, altered the
Army’s entire command and acce
lerated the rush of the Reich toward
its final defeat.
Capt. Leroy Vogel, San Antonio,
Tex., said: “After the disgrace of
Stalingrad the general staff realiz
ed that it anything at all was to
A
be saved for the future, Hitler
would have to go and some sort of
peace would have to be negotiated
while the Russians were still out
side the Reich’s borders. So plans
for his assassination were put in
motion."
THREE-WAY MISFIRE
By any comparison this plot
was one of the sizzlers of the
Nad regime.
“It was a perfect pla" seeming
ly foolproof,” said Lt. Er est Miller
«f Astoria, L. I„ N. Y. “It failed
because of three trivial little inci
See PLOT Page 3
FIRE, EXPLOSIONS SHROUD HALIFAX IN SMOKE—From across the narrows of Halifax harbor, this wa_
the view of the dock area where huge explosions, following fire, rocked this section of Nova Scotia. The fire
set explosions at the Royal Canadian Navy Munitions depot took the lives of at least 13 persons and in
jured many. The whole civilian population of Dartmouth, approximately 17,000 persons, were evacuated on
official orders.—(AP Wirephoto)
BETTER RATES
BOOMING DIXIE
Southern Governors Say
Equalization Already
Having Effect
MOBILE, ALA., July 20 —(£>)—
Six southern governors said here
today, the recent interstate com- i
merce commission freight rate e- j
qualization order already was be-1
ginning to have its effect on indus
trial development in this area.
Govs. Chauncy Sparks of
Alabama and Robert S. Kerr
of Oklahoma, said they had
“very definite indications"
that an expansion of northern
and eastern industry south
ward was in prospect.
Four other chief executives at
tending the southern governors
conference said they had noted a
pickup in interest in industrial
activity which they attributed in
part to the ICC decision.
For years southern governors
have been contending their
area could not expand indus
trially and compete with the
industrial east without a re
vision in class freight rates.
STUDY STRUCTURE
Now that the interstate com
merce commission has ordered a
substantial reduction in class rates
in the south and west and an in
crease in the east, the southern
governors are meeting here in a
four-day session to study the ef
fect and plan a fight against any
moves to delay the effective date
of the equalization order.
In addition to acquiring expan
sions of northern and eastern
plants, Sparks said local capital
was becoming interested in build
ing small industrial plants utiliz
ing local materials.
NAVY CROSS FOR
HERO OFSAIPAN
In an impressive ceremony at j
the home of Mr. and Mrs. John i
C. Lewis of Fallston Tuesday af
ternoon, the navy cross for hero
ism in action was presented to
Mrs. Lewis for her son, Lt. Wray
C. Lewis, United States Marines,
who was killed in action at Saipan
on July 8, 1944. The presentation
was made by Capt. George L. Mc
Connell of Camp LeJeune.
Lt. Lewis was awarded the navy
cross posthumously for evacuating
12 wounded marines of his com
pany under heavy enemy fire.
When his company was forced to
withdraw leaving the men in an
open area, Lt. Lewis, with a group
of volunteers, succeeded in carry
ing them to safety behind the
American lines in spite of intense
enemy fire.
Lt. Lewis was later killed on
Saipan when, with a group of
volunteers, he attempted to set up
a forward outpost in an effort to
determine the location of enemy
forces.
A graduate of the University of
North Carolina, Lt. Lewis entered
the marines at Parris' Island, S. C.
and was commissioned after com
pleting officer candidate school. He
also received the Presidential cita
tion for his company.
WHAT’S DOING
TODAY
7:00 p.m.—Masonic Fellow
ship club dinner.
Chinese Open 50-Mile Coastal
Strip For Allied Invasion
Japs Routed From Spot Where They Feared Landing;
Chiang Feels Invasion Unnecessary
CHUNGKING, July 20.—(/P)—A 50-mile stretch of the
South China coast is firmly in Chinese hands and open for
a sea-borne invasion of the continent, the Chinese high
command announced today.
Chinese forces, striking eastward
along the Kwangtung proyince
coastal highway from the town of
Tinpak, which they recently took
and thereby severed Japanese com
■ munications between Canton aod.
Hainan island, reached the vicinity
of the road junction city of Yeung
kong, 50 miles from Tinpak and 125
miles southwest of Canton.
JAPS MOVING
A Chinese army spokesman Maj.
Gen. Kuo Chi-Chin said the Ja
panese had moved 100.000 troops
from Hunan province to the coast of
Shantung in the last four weeks,
anticipating an American landing.
He estimated that 1,000,000
Japanese combat troops were in
China and Manchuria plus an
equal number of auxiliaries. He
said Japanese sea traffic be
tween the islands and China and
been interrupted and that no
troops had been moved recent
ly in either direction.
Yeungkong is a little more than
600 miles northwest of Luzon.
CHIANG HESITANT
This cleared a stretch, formerly
held by the enemy, where the Ja
panese announced they feared an
American invasion. Generalissimo
Chiang Kai-shek was quoted in a
Yank magazine dispatch made pub
lic yesterday, however, as saying
in effect that an invasion of the
continent would be unnecessary,
See CHINESE Page 2
MEAT SHORTAGE
GETTING GOATS
The meat situation in Shel
by is getting somebody’s goat.
Beg pardon. It is somebody
who is getting the goat.
Of a total of 610 inspections
made by the county meat in
spector during the month of
June, 21 were on the carcasses
of goats. This is the most
goats slain here in any month
in history. The total number
of inspections compared with
454 made during May. Animals
killed during the month were
181 hogs, 327 beeves, 81 veals
and 21 goats.
JAPS HIDING
JN MOUNTAINS,
I The Army Estimates There
Are Still 10,000 Of Ene
my In Okinawa
OKINAWA, July 20—(/P)— An es
timated 10,000 Japanese troops are
hiding in northern Okinawa's rug
iged mountains, the army estimated
today, a month alter the island
was captured.
The Nipponese are being
hunted down and killed at an
average of 50 daily, it was an
nounced at headquarters of Lt.
Gen. John R. Hodge, com
mander of the 24th army corps.
! The announcement followed oy
I a few hours the first Japanese
! aerial attack on the island in
[nearly a month. Three enemy
j planes were downed by marine
I night fighters.
While the 82-day battle raged for
\ Okinawa, vital as an air and
; naval base to prosecution of the
war against Japan, Nipponese
aerial attacks on shipping were
frequent. The enemy sank 32 U.
S. vessels and damaged some 60
in the entire Ryukyus campaign,
including U. S. fleet attacks on
the Japanese mainland.
Hodge’s headquarters said new
information indicates there were
90,000 Japanese garrison troops on
Okinawa when the Americans land
ed April 1 and that the Nippon
ese drafted 50,000 Okinawans for
military service. This total of 140,
000 defenders was nearly double
the preinvasion U. S. estimates.
STORM HOVERING
NEW ORLEANS, July 20. —(IP)—
A gulf storm, hovering below south
• west Louisiana, showed very little
j movement the past six hours, the
i United States Weather bureau re
! ported today.
The bureau said the storm was
| still centered about 180 miles south
' of Lake Charles, La.
Ickes Says 6,000,000 Tons
Coal Must Be Sent To Europe
WASHINGTON, July 20.— (/Pi — |
Secretary of the Interior Ickes to
j day announced that if possible,
| about 6,000,000 tons of American
coal will be shipped to Europe
for civilian use, between now and
January 1.
He said he wanted the American
people “to know that this decision
involves the risk that we may have
to suffer a shortage of coal in
this country next winter more
I acute than heretofore predicted,"
j and that coal allotments for home
I consumption may have to be re
duced.
Earlier, he had predicted “the
worst fuel shortage of the war'
for this country.
Noting that the decision to ship
coal to Europe was reached as a
result of reports received within
the last few days on the “desper
ate” coal situation there, Ickes
j said "the race in Europe today is
lone between coal and anan>y.”
j
Europe must have coal without
loss or time if serious political and
social upheavals are to be pre
vented, he said in a statement,
adding:
“I do not think that it is
going too >far to say that a
coal famine of such severity as
to destroy nearly all semblance
of law and order is certain to
occur in certain countries in
northwest Europe next winter
unless immediate and drastic
action is taken now.
“I have reached this deci
sion only after the most care
ful consideration.
“I know of only one sure
way to avoid disaster in Eu
rope and further distress at
home,” Ickes said. "That is to
increase production and to in
crease production we must have
more coal miners. There is
only one source of additional
coal miners and that is the
army.”
BERLIN SPEECH
EMPHASIS ON
NO CONQUEST
President Holds Peace Of
Average Men More Im
portant Than Boundaries
TALKS RESUMED
By Daniel De Luce *
POTSDAM, July 20.—6«P)—
President Truman, speaking
at a symbolic flagraising over
conquered Berlin, said today
the United States wanted not
one piece of territory, but
“peace and prosperity for the
vorld as a whole.”
The speech had great significance
against its background of the big
ihree conference, where the Presi
dent is joining Britain and Russia
in helping to settle European boun
dary and other problems.
“We are raising this flag in
the name of the people
of the Unite'! States,
who are looking forward to a
better world, a peaceful world,
TRUMAN PLAYS PIANO
POTSDAM, July 20 —CJP)—
President Truman played
Beethoven’s Minuet in G on
the piano at the joint request
of Premier Stalin and Prime
Minister Churchill as a musical
climax to his state dinner last
night.
The President sat down at
the keyboard after an Ameri
can sergeant, pianist Eugene
List, and scored one of the
strangest triumphs In musical
history in winning two toasts
from Stalin and a warm hand
shake from Churchill for his
virtuosity.
Stalin was so delighted he
spfang up from his chair,
walked over to the beaming
pianist, shook his hands, drank
a toast to his health and ask
ed him to play more.
in which all the people will
have an opportunity of enjoy
ing peace and opportunity,”
! Mr. Truman said.
FIGHT FOR PEACE
The stars and stripes raised over
j the United States group council
headquarters—in the former head
nuarters of Germany's air defense—
was the flag that flew over the
capitol in Washington the day the
United States entered the war
against the axis. It flew over Al
giers when that city was Gen. Eis
enhower’s headquarters and over
See BERLIN Page 2
AUSSIES SEIZE
SAMBODJA OH
Jap Defenders Flee Before
Onrushing Australian
T roops
MANILA, July 20—(^—Austral
ian troops on Borneo thrust five
i miles to overrun the rich Sambod
I ja oil fields and refinery without
j a fight.
They found only two Japanese
| defending the great field, Gen.
Douglas MacArthur said today.
The field formerly produced 7,
000,000 barrels of ready-to-use
crude oil a year.
The Sambodja field is one of the
three major pools in eastern Bor
neo feeding the ruined refinery
\ district around Balikpapan. The
attacking Australian 7th division
found great fires roaring through
■ the field, indicating that the Japa
nese had followed the Dutch ex
ample of 1942 and scorched the oil
soaked earth as they left.
Japanese resistance apparently
collapsed or withdrew after a bit
ter defense had been put up at
the field’s approaches.
Sambodja village, normally in
habited by about 1,500 people, is
28 miles northeast of Balikpapan
and is situated on one pipeline^
J that used to feed Balikpapan.
Shoe Shortage
Will Be Eased
WASHINGTON. July 20 ——
Twenty percent more shoes will be
nroduced for civilians in October,
November and December but there
is no assurance that shoe ration
ing will be liberalized.
Reduced demands for military
footwear will permit the hike in
civilian shoe production, the War
Production board and OPA an
nounced last night.
OPA said It could not predict
what easing of shoe rationing
might be possible nor when an
other shoe ration stamp would be
i come good. Airplane stamp 4 be
I comes valid August 1.