I
WEATHER
Mostly cloudy and mild with
occasional light rains today and
tonight; Thursday, partly cloudy
and wanner with scattered show
ers.
The HhelhysBwily Stett
- State Theatre Today -
“BACK TO BATAAN”
Starring y
JOHN WAYNE
CLEVELAND COUNTY’S NEWSPAPER SINCE 1894 TELEPHONES 1100
VOL. XLIII-213
ASSOCIATED PRESS NEWS
SHELBY, N. C.
WEDNESDAY, SEPT. 5,1945
TELEMAT PICTURES'
SINGLE COPIES—6c
Indian Troops Landing At Singapore
OCCUPATION OF
CHEAT BRITISH
BASTION BEGUN
ft . -
Japs Fire Oil Tank Farm
In Violation Of Sur
render Terms
PRISONERS CHEER
By Charles A. Grumich
SINGAPORE, Sept. 5:—</F)
<—Indian troops landed at j
Singapore today and began1
occupation of this one-time
bastion of the British empire
which was surrendered to the
Japanese Feb. 15, 1942.
The second battalion of the first I
Punjabi regiment made the ini
tial landing from light craft at
the main wharf.
The Japanese, in apparent viola
tion of the surrender terms, had
set fire to the oil tank farm at
Port Dickson. A huge column of
smoke was observed there yester
day from the troopships enroute
to Singapore.
Troops of the Fifth Indian di
vision went ashore this morning
from landing craft witnout oppo
sition and marched past tamed
Japanese oentries and cheering j
Allied prisoners of war still be
hind barbed wire.
CHEER LIBERATORS
Prisoners in a camp near the
Quay pressed against ‘he wire and
roosted in the trees, cheering their
Liberators.
An arriving Australian, recog
nize some of his countrymen,
shouted: "Hello, you beauties.''
At first observation the damage
to the harbor appeared slight, al
though some redflagged superstruc
tures in the harbor indicated sunk
en ship*—probably victims of Su
perfortress raids.
The reoccupation, which will in
clude the Johore causeway lead
ing to the mainland of Malaya,
began a day ahead of schedule.
JAPS SUFFERED
HEAVYLOSSES
TOKYO, Sept. 5. —m— Premier
Naruhiko Higashi - Kunl bluntly
told the Japanese diet today that
“enoromous” military losses and
“impoverishment" and exhaustion
at home had forced Japan to sur
render.
Speaking separately before the
houses of peers and representatives,
the premier said Japan had been
rut off from her overseas empire
and was unable to replenish war <
losses, while her cities were sys
tematically destroyed by bombing.
The premier said that American i
aerial attacks burned 2,200,000 ;
homes, killed or wounded “hundreds
of thousands" of persons, and that
10,000.000 were "war sufferers” In
one form or another.
"Especially after the loss of the
Mariana Islands the advance of the
§ Allied forces became progressively
“ rapid,” the premier said, "while air
raid on Japan proper were Inten
sified, causing disastrous damage
that mounted as the days went by.”
LAST STRAW
Dumped upon a nation whose
war-making power already had
been "disastrously undermined”
the atomic bomb—the last straw— 1
was deemed "likely to result in
obliteration of the Japanese peo
ple.” Higashi-Kunl added. '
"Moreover, the Soviet Union sud- 1
denly declared war . . . forcing us '
Into the worst Internation situa- :
tion . . , Japan had to stand at
the crossroads, (uncertain) whether ■
to hope against hope in the des- 1
perate struggle ... or to stop fight- 1
Ing.” i
It was Emperor Hirohito who de- l
elded, he said, “to save millions of
„ his subjects.”
The premier urged strict obedi
ence to the imperial surrender com
mand, “admitting frankly the fact
of our defeat of today, and fulfill
ing manfully and faithfully the
terms of the Potsdam declaration
to prove to all the world the true
worth of our pledged word.”
I'
Wainwright Is \
Nominated To ,
Be 4-Star General \;
WASHINGTON, Sept. 5. —(IP)—
President Truman today nominated
Lt. Gen. Jonathan Wainwright,
recently liberated from the Japa
nese, for promotion to the rank
of four-star general
I
(
1
f
(
iAMASHITA, ‘TIGER OF MALAYA’, SURRENDERS—Gen. Tomoyuki Yamashita (right), erstwhile “Tiger
of Malaya," commander of Jap forces in the Philippines, meets with American officers to surrender at Baguio,
Luzon, P. I. The Yanks, left to right, are Maj. Gen. Robert S. Geightler, commander of American forces on
Luzon; Maj. Gen. Leo Donovan, Army Air Forces officer; Brig. Gen. Robert B. McBride, Jr., 32nd Divi
sion commander, and Col. Ernest _A. Barlow, chief of sfrom Army Signal Corps radiophoto. from Manila)., -
taff, 32nd Division, (reading paper).—(AP Wirephoto
Byrnes Reports Japanese Butchery,
Says War Criminals To Be Punished
OLD GLORY UP
ON WAKE ISLE
Adm. Sakaibara, Jap Is
land Commander, Sign
ed Surrender
By The Associated Press
WAKE, Sept. S—(IP)—The Amer
ican flag was raised on Wake is
land-symbol of marine greatness
—at 1:50 o’clock yesterday after
noon.
The Japanese rear admiral who
had commanded Wake since it fell
on Dec. 23, 1941, saluted the stars
and stripes. So did his staff and
40 of his garrison troops, who
came to attention as a marine
bugler sounded •’Colors." They sal
uted as the flag was hoisted and
their eyes followed as it rose, inch
by inch, up a flagstaff which had
been carried ashore from the
American destroyer escort Levy
Brig. Gen. Lawson Sanderson,
commander of the Fourth Marine
Aircraft wing, and 75 officers and
men from three U. S. destroyer
escorts reverently watched the flag
arising after Rear Adm. Shigematsu
Sakaibara, the island commander,
See OLD GLORY Page *
First Graders Must
Have Certificates Of
Birth, Vaccination
Children entering school for the
first time this year who have not
yet presented their birth certifi
cates and certificates of vaccina
tion against diphtheria, will be
excluded from school, Monday,
September 10, unless those/certifi
cates are obtained, superfntend&nt
of city schools Walter E. Aber
nethy announced today.
These certificates are required
in the Interest of public health,
Mr. Abemethy explained, and must
be presented by all' children en
tering the first grade of school
for the first time.
WASHINGTON, Sept. 5. —
Japanese troops captured an Amer
ican flier forced to parachute Into
the sea off New Guinea.
They beat him with sticks virtu
ally all that day, throughout the
night, and until three o’clock the
next afternoon.
Then, while the troops screamed
wildly, a Japanese civilian named
Inouye hacked off the American's
head with sijc slashes of a sword.
The State Department told about1
that incident and others like it to- |
day in a report it would not issue,
during the war for fear the Japan
ese would increase their butchery
and shut off all shipment of relief
supplies to allied prisoners.
Secretary of State Byrnes observ
ed with restraint at his news con
ference yesterday that the report
was not a pretty story.
The guilty will be punished; war
crimes will be prosecuted in Japan
just as in Europe, Byrnes pledged.
240 PROTESTS
The report told of 240 protests
against mistreatment of prisoners
sent to the Japanese government I
through Swiss intermediaries by
former Secretaries of State Hull and
Stettinius; Undersecretary Ache
son, and former Undersecretary
Grew. An example:
On May. 19, Grew asked the
See BYRNES Page 2
Byrnes Sails Today
To Attend Council
NEW YORK, Sept. 5—OP)—Sec
retary of State James F. Byrnes
sailed early today for England a
board the Queen Elizabeth to at
tend .the five-power council of
foreign ministers.
Byrnes and his wife boarded
the ship last night along with
nearly 150 other civilian passen
gers in a gay atmosphere reminis
cent of pre-war sailings. He was
accompanied by Assistant Secre
tary of State James C. Dunn.
Another passenger was John
Foster Dulles, former foreign af
fairs consultant to Gov. Thomas
E. Dewey. Dulles will act as ad
visor at the meetings of foreign
ministers, which will discuss peace
terms for Germany, Italy and Ja
pan.
Building, Farming, Selling
Offer Best Job Openings
By STERLNG F. GREEN
WASHINGTON, Sept. 5.—(JP)—
Building, farming and selling. These
looked like the biggest openings for
job-hunting veterans an( laid-off
war workers.
The war manpower commission,
In a report prepared to guide its
own officials, found that retailers
would need 200,000 more sales peo
ple and other store workers by
October.
An even greater demand will fol
low October as stores build staffs
for the Christmas shopping season
Then sales employment will drop
off,
Construction, potentially a
huge employer, is off to a slow
start on its peacetime recovery.
Even so, it will need 100,000
more men for new building by
mid-October and another 100,
000 for repair and maintenance
work.
Because Japan collapsed at har
vest time, agriculture was ready to
hire about 1 million persons from
August to October. Then farming
will take its seasonal slump in em
ployment.
WMC’s survey of the work op
See BUILDING Page «
i
Four Killed,
Many Injured
In Train Wreck
ARCADIA, CALIF, Sept. 5—(/P)—
The two locomotives and seven
cars of a 16-car Santa Fe passen
ger train were derailed in a spec
tacular smashup last night, and a
spokesman for the railroad said
four persons were killed and 35
to 40 Injured.
The second section of the east
bound California Limited hit a
siding switch about a mile from
the Santa Anita racetrack about
7:45 pm. The locomotives crash
ed over on their left sides. Two
baggage cars and two passenger
coaches Jammed together — one
of the latter at right angle to the
tracks—and three other passen
ger cars left the rails.
Three bodies were orought to a
morgue improvised in the Ameri
can Legion hall here. Two were
identified as:
The Rev. Victor Hugo Schroed
er, 41, Congregational minister, of
Barstow, Calif.
Nobuo Itano, 57, an alien Japa
nese, of La Habra, Calif., said by
sheriff’s deputies to be a former
resident of the Poston, Ariz., re
location camp.
NOT IDENTIFIED
The body of another Japanese
was not immediately identified.
A Santa Fe spokesman said the
cause of the wrecks was not
known.
Track was tom out for ap
proximately 200 feet. A baggage
car, splintered, snapped off a tel
ephone pole, interupting service
in the vicinity.
An army surgeon amputated
the crushed right leg of an uni
dentified male passenger. Work
men used acetylene torches to cut
through twisted debris to free
trapped passengers.
Cries of “morphine!” and “mo
ther!” were heard from inside the
cars. Hundreds of spectators mill
ed around the wreckage. Nearly
200 policemen patrolled the scene,
and a police radio car’s loud
speaker directed rescue workers.
SERVICEMEN
service men among passengers
in the wrecked cars directed traf
fic and administered first aid.
Sailors and marines fashioned
their jackets Into stretchers for
the seriously Injured.
Water Moore, assistant superin
tendent of the line’s Los Angeles
division, said trains were using the
siding during work on the main
track. The train’s first section
had passed by safely some time
before.
Another Santa Fe spokesman,
Ed Ryder, said a board would in
vestigate today and that the rail-'
way hoped to have travel resumed
today.
ARMY HINTS AT
BROAD PLAN
OF DISCHARGES
Men With 45 Joints Up To
May 12 Not To Be Sent
Overseas
SPUR ENLISTMENTS
• WASHINGTON, Sept. 5.—
(/P)—The army hinted broad
ly today that it expects to
I discharge within a year all
I enlisted men 34 and older as
! well as those who had 45
points up to May 12.
It dropped the hint in an
announcement which said men
in those categories no longer
will be sent overseas.
Meanwhile, the house military
committee resumed Its study of
ways to step up at once enlist
ments in the regular army. The
reason: So inductions between now
and next May 15 can be held to
a minimum. .
The army announced that an
intensive world - wide recruiting
drive' is underway to raise a vol
unteer postwar army. Under the
direction of Brig. Gen. Harold N.
Gilbert, the campaign will be car
ried out by a force of 7,800 offi
cers and men working from 600
cities and towns in the United
States.
The drive, the war depart
ment said, will be more inten
sive than the pre-Pearl Harbor
campaign which raised the reg
ular army and air force from
.440,000 to more than 500,000.
* At present the army is limit
ed by law to an enlisted force
of 280,000 but this ceiling may
be raised by congress.
Soldiers now in service who re
enlist, whether overseas or at
home, will be given furloughs ,
See ARMY Page t
HEAVYTAXES
WILL CONTINUE
Doughton, Cannon Not
Optimistic Over Large
Cuts In Taxes
WASHINGTON, Sept. 5. — (IP)—
1 Chairman Doughton (D-NC) of the
tax-writing house ways and means
I committee agreed today with Sec
! retary of the Treasury Fred M.1
! Vinson that heavy taxes are likely
for some time.
I So did Chairman Cannon (D
I Mo) of the house appropriations
committee, although the Missourian
voiced the hope “some billions” of
dollars already appropriated could
be recovered.
Cannon gave his views as his
committee met to hear Budget
Director Harold D. Smith’s
ideas on how much money al
ready allotted for the current
fiscal year would be turned
back into the treasury.
But whatever the amount, Can
non said, he is not optimistic over
the prospects of cutting taxes for
some time “because we still will
need billions to operate the govern
ment and finance the national debt
and we must get around to balanc
ing the budget.”
SOUND ECONOMY
Doughton told newspapermen,
“I don’t see how we can make great
tax cuts,” adding:
“But we won’t close the door. I
never visualized any heavy cuts as
some people are predicting. But I
want taxes as low as possible for a
sound economy.”
The North Carolinian led the
congressional battle that scrapped
former Secretary Morgenthau’s 1943 I
treasury proposal for $10,500,000,
000 in added taxes. The battle end
ed in a bill producing a compro
mise amount of about $2,000,000,
000 additional.
SIZABLE TAXES
Commenting on Vinson’s Labor
Day tax speech in Peoria. 111.,
Doughton said: “I believe he is a
practical man. We won’t be a great
deal apart.”
Vinson said that even after de
mobilization and reconversion the
federal budget probably would be
around $25,000,000,000 a year, and
to meet such an obligation “we
must have sizable taxes—although
we may be able to make some re
ductions in the tax rates.”
Doughton has said his committee
will turn immediately to writing a
tax-revision bill as soon as it com
pletes work on legislation propos
ing higher unemployment benefits.
Formal Surrender Of All
Jap Troops In China
Expected Within A Week
By Donald Huth
NANKING, Sept. 5.—(/P)—Gen. Leng Hsin, commander
of Chinese troops now in Nanking, said today the formal
surrender of all Japanese troops in China would probably
occur “within a week,” and other competent sources expect
ed the ceremony to take place Sunday.
The general said in a press con-1
ference that plans had been made |
for dispersal of Japanese troops
in China after the official sur- j
render, but the details were not1
announced.
After the formal surrender j
ceremony Japanese troops will
give up their arms, ammunition;
and other war materials.
This capital itself will be divid
ed into districts for purposes of j
disarmament, Gen. Leng said. He •
declared revised figures showed!
the Japanese had 78,000 officers
and men, 14,000 sick and wound-;
ed and 7,800 Japanese civilians in
Nanking at the present time.
In addition, he said, there are
some 7,500 puppet troops in the
city.
Chinese Sixth army troops were
expected to begin arriving today,!
and Leng has ordered the Japa-1
nese to move out of the Chinese
military academy so the new
troops may be billeted there. The
troops are being flown in a mass
airborne movement from Chihki
ang.
Leng said there were about 400,
000 Chinese civilians now in Nan
king, compared with the pre-war
population of about 750,000. He,
said there had been no disorders:
since he arrived,
Leng, whose headquarters is op
posite Japanese headquarters, said
the puppet groups will be dis
banded about Sept. 17, and that
“many have come over to our
side.”
The railroad between Nanking
and Shanghai is being operated
by puppet and Japanese troops, |
Leng said. Last Friday a train .
was derailed by bandits, and still
another was derailed Sunday, but!
the Japanese repaired the line,
which is being used for both civil
ian and military travel.
In Nanking American corres
pondents who have arrived for the
surrender ceremonies have been
confined to the Metropolitan ho
tel and the International club for
the present as p, safety measure.
‘GUESTS” OF JAPS
The correspondents were told
that the American and Chinese
troops who arrived less than a
See FORMAL Page 2
G-W Plans $120,000
Building Program
Committee Instructed To Have Dormitory, Heating
Plant, Clinic Ready Within Year
—
An immediate $120,000 building program designed to
have a new 50-student dormitory1, central heating plant and
the Royster Health Clinic ready for service by the opening
of the 1946 college year was announced today by officials
of Gardner-Webb Junior College at Boiling Springs
A. W. McMurry, chairman of |
the college’s executive committee,
announced projection of the buil
ding program following a series
of meetings in which a six-mem
ber building committee was nam
ed to include J. R. Dover, jr„
chairman, Mrs. Rush Stroupe,
Clifford Hamrick, O. M. Mull, J.
W. Gardner, and A. W. McMurry. j
DOVER LIBRARY PLAN
Instructions to the building'
committee were:
1. To proceed as soon as I
practical to secure an archi
tect to prepare plans tor a
new dormitory to house a
round 50 students, plans for a
new central heating plant and
plans for the Royster clinic.
2. To strive to have these
buildings constructed and
ready for occupancy at the
opening of the college year in
September, 1946; It was esti
See G-W Page 2
WHAT’S DOING
TODAY
7:00 p.m.—Sportsman’s meet
ing at Hotel Charles.
7:45 p.m.—Prayer meeting at
Presbyterian church.
8:00 p.m. — Midweek prayer
and praise service at First
Baptist church.
THURSDAY
7:00 p.m.—Regular meeting
of Kiwanis club.
7:30 pm.—CAP cadets meet
at armory.
I
Congress Waits
Truman Message,
Due Tomorrow
WASHINGTON, Sept. 5. —(A3)—
President Truman will send a mes
sage to congress tomorrow, senate
leaders said today, and it will be
so comprehensive that it may take
a couple of hours to read it.
Talking with newsmen after a
White House conference with the
President, Democratic Leader
Barkley (D-Ky) said Mr. Truman
will not deliver the message in per
son.
It will be accompanied by separate
documents pertaining to subjects
discussed in the message.
Conferring with the President
besides Barkley were Senator Mc
Kellar (D-Tenn), president pro
tern of the senate, and Speaker
Rayburn. Barkley Said the Presi
dent 'did not show them the mes
sage.
CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES
The conference was held as con
gress reassembled for its first1
peacetime session since 1941. A
dozen controversy-freighted issues
confronted the lawmakers, but
neither house scheduled any legis
lative work this week.
Speaker Rayburn said after
See CONGRESS Page 2
DIATRIBE ON LEND-LEASE:
America Will Not Neglect
Her Part In Rehabilitation
By DeWITT MacKENZIE, AP News Analyst
One of England’s leading news
papers, the Manchester Guardian,
says the world’s greatest fear is
that the United States, in her de
sire to return quickly to normal
cy, “may cast aside moral obliga
tions which she assumed during
the war.”
The Guardian’s point is that we
may not be willing to keep occu
pation forces long in Europe. The
paper maintains that American
troops must be held in Germany
until that country becomes demo
cratic.
While the Guardian’s fears are j
I groundless, there can be no argu-l
ment but that Allied occupation
must be continued until reform
has been achieved. Uncle Sam more
than once has subscribed to this
view and has made it clear that
he fully intends to do his share
towards making not only the Ger
mans but the Japs democratic and
peace-minded. Our desire for nor
malcy—and it is great, as it is in
all other countries—won’t preclude
our playing our part in world re
habilitation. We have pledged that.
It must be admitted, however,
that our spirit is at times rather
See AMERICA Page 3
FIRST CAVALRY
DIVISION WILL
OCCUPY CITY
Directive Says All Japs
Must Be Disarmed By
October 10
REPAIRS ORDERED
By The Associated Press
YOKOHAMA, Sept. 5.—(fP,
| —The occupation of Tokyo
will begin Saturday (Friday
U. S. date.)
The U. S. First (dismount
! ed) cavalry division, first in
to Manila, where it liberated
Santo Tomas internment camp
last February, will enter the
| bomb-shattered capital city
then.
General MacArthur is ex
! pected to move his headquar
! ters from Yokohama to the
United States embassy build
ing in Tokyo about the same
time.
The supreme commander of the
Allied powers announced plans foi
the First cavalry movement today ‘
shortly after he issued a far
reaching directive which drove
home to the full impact of defeat
on Japan.
The directive demanded forth
with all information — necessary
for swiftly disarming Japan’s war
machine, and ordered the beaten
nation to place vast facilities at
the beck and call of steadily en
larging occupation forces.
Lt. Gen. Robert L. Eichelberger,
whose Eighth army will occupy
Honshu north of Yokohama, and
all Hokkaido island, said all Jap
anese troops will be disarmed by
Oct. 10.
In his area, which' embraces
I Tokyo, Eichelberger expects tc
| have eight and two-thirds combat
divisions (more than 130,00C
, troops) by that date. He esti
mated the initial occupation of Ja
pan's four islands would requlr*
between 300,000 and 400,000 troops,
SIXTH ARMY
Occupational strength equal tc
that of Eichelberger’s Eighth
probably will be concentrated on
South Honshu and the southerr
islands of Shikoku and Kyushu
See FIRST Page 2
iL HARBOR
ECHOES HEARD
WASHINGTON, Sept 5 —yp)_
The shadow of Pearl Harbor hung
over Congress today as it conven
ed for its first peacetime session
since the Japanese attack on Dec.
7, 1941, which plunged the nation
into war.
Even as the legislators as
sembled there were renewed
demands for a congressional
investigation to determine
who, if anyone, was respon
sible for the disaster.
Indications, however, were that
the consideration of practical poli
tics would determine how far the
demands will get. Any investiga
tion that might eventually point
the finger of blame at the admin
istration conceivably would be us
ed by the Republicans as an issue
in the 1946 congressional elections.
But some Republicans were
wary that an investigation under
taken by a Democratic-controlled
Congress might clear the adminis
tration and have an adverse re
action on the minority party which
has been most vocal in the de
mands for an inquiry.
DEFENDS HULL
Meanwhile, Secretary of State
Byrnes added his voice to those
who have come to the defense oi
former Secretary Hull against
criticism leveled at Hull by the
army’s Pearl Harbor inquiry
board. The board, already rap
ped on that score by President
Truman and Secretary of War
Stimson, said Hull “touched the
button” of war in November,
1941, by handing the Japanese a
document they considered an ul
timatum.
Byrnes told a news conference
he thought Hull had showed that
interpretation to be inaccurate in
a letter the former secretary wrote
to Stimson. And Byrnes added
he thought the army board had
gone beyond its jurisdiction in
criticizing his predecessor.
Asserting that so far he knew
it was the first time a board of
army officers had criticized a ci
vilian official of the government,
Byrnes added he thought any
comment on Hull's conduct of
foreign relations properly ahould
be made by Congress.