North Carolina Newspapers

... - of that honest industry 'that strength ens hjtji body and mind, or the growth is, to tny mindf t yiolatexthe plainest nrmeinlea of nolltksal "teconofav. to dis- ,r t , T , r-effaru the 4ntlJligent experience df TOannVTvnaxo sacrince ne dsi hi-, . terests of soeietyto the decisive- teach ings jof a, fale philosophy. - It is.'elaimedjbr this, plan; of 'taxa tion that it involves . a "principle f equaKty. It certainiydoes, and taere in 4ies the argument; against it. It would 'treat as equal those things v whidh, in themselves, are .not equal, and;wEicht the publi6 velfare requires sko3d .BOf't be treated with equal fa vor by the go v-ernmnt. It would impose Ah equal tax on agiven amount in ves-j ted bythe merchant in sugar and cof4 fee, which are among the necessaries of life, and the.sanfc -amount invested by the rctailerfof ardent spirits, in the merchandise pertaining to , his .voca tion, an equal tax upon books of use ful instruction, and others of like val-: uc, jthat -tend to the cultivation of a v itiated taste ; in fine it-would oblite rate the ordinary distinctions between virtue and vice, which a moral people should keepconltantly in view, in ev- "cry1 branch of legislation. ' It is said, however, by some of the ' advocates of this plan, that . property, when .employed! m a way to ead to -vice tuadidleness,": should 4e jtaxed at a fcrgher rate than when otherwise 'used, and thai this may be done by requiring -persons thus employing it, to pay a tax far the license, or, the 'privilege of so using their property. tChis, certainly, would be an ingen- . ious modeof escaping from some of the evil consequences ot a practical applicatidn of this principle, and car ries wth it the admission, that it is not a principle that win aamit 01 a general, but only, a limited and quati- pea employment. ; A further examination of the sub , lect, will discover still other considera tions .that witt require a "departure from this principle. j According tcour ' present revenue law, most of the banking capital bears a .tax ot i o cents on tne snare ot fciuu, in addition to an amount paid upon thd profits of banking, equal to the tax upon the profits of money loaned et; interest.. The business of .banking, as is well known, usually yields, with us, a clear , profit of from eight to twelve per cent; annually, while per floris having money at interest are pro- nibited, by law, irom receiving more than six per cent. Now, here is an instance of a dis crimination between property employ1 ed in different ways, which, it is b lieved, will generally bo conceded to be lust. It is a distinction founded on the fact that, though both modes of employment may be equally useful to the public, the one'yields a larger pro- fit than the other, and consequently, isjajmble of bearing a heavier tax. . j A discrimination should be made, it is. submitted, between the different tTTtt Ufa) h.ii . . j, in f. i ' ' t"heir relative advantages to the public ikt Targe. For instance, by our revenue law, a tax of one dollar " on tho hun lred dollars .Value, is imposed upon pleasure carriages, gold and silver plate jewelry tand luxuries of the like ,jkit3; while a tax of but twenty cents, is imposed on a hundred dollars worth of landr And this, because pf the fact,' that the one is a mere luxury, while the Other is necessary; the one dimin ishes the public wealth, the other in creases it. " Yet, the principle of ad mlotem taxation, would jtaake no dis tinction between the place an equal amount of taxes upon equal val .liesofeacb. And; shall it be said, that land, npon which human habitations .jareTbuiit and bread is made for the t.susteiaoce of life, and from the pro ductions of which commerce and man ufacturers, and indeed all the occupa- tiblis of men, derive vitality and sun- ! iport, ehall be placed upon a footing 0f ' ,equaiity, . as regards taxation - with pleasure . carriages, gold and silver plate, arid the like articles of property . that ministefmerely to our luxurious ttastCS. nd withdraw fmm noA.l - , .. y win uciui t m-j jMojHients, tne -amount ot capital in i jested in them ? I ;There are still other considerations i that should be kept in .view, in the . -shaping pf a proper system of revenue, ' wholly inconsistent with the idea of : -snaking no discrimination between dif ferent kinds of property. A very considerable number of our -citizens, make no surplus from the ..PTTmlnvrrumf ftf tkAi'. . i i i . the.bare support of their families, and law? that would impose a tax upon .every article of property without dis tinction, would have the effect to de pnve them " of some of the prime nec essaries of life. The interests of the require, Jn my 4pinion,v that many articles of proper ly should be entirely exempt from (taxation. ' -Thus far, the principle updn which at is proposed to collect th -of the State has been considered with reference to ifs application to thevid debt already contract M , rwus objects of nroncrty. nnd th.i;r sferent modes of their mpl6yment. It 'is, proposed now, to, consider the rule ..s applicable to persons in their sey- ri occupations requiring the employ, -ment of the mental and physical i)ow- t-.wo.vjuu, mm, m me coiiec- ..twwiimft rn .i;a-m. ' : -" :' ,,....,v. .vivuuvi ja Uiliusr nmi innv. I . . r ; ui or V " ivuir ciass oi ' per sons, it is submitted, will be found e .xjuallv as fallacious, as that which rould forbid a discrimination between . M.im I II ui Qnir rA ..n I A . I i - I lae difierent kinds of property. Ihe injustice ! and inempdi pwu a rme, cannot be more clearly illustrated, tlian by citing an instance .of its application in our presen t reven ue law. One of ihe'provisioDof that law, imposes a tax of one per pent, on the income fronVthe variouslearned professions, the salaries of Jtate and jaunty officers, io tie. officers of cpr- u "1 ' . . r r porations and individual employments, when the amount .received by anyone person xceedi$50O(. " 1 Here, there' isno discrimination made between the lawyer aad tb.me- enanic, jne prryiciananaine werseer, the S tate or .the 'county Oicer, whose labor is performed -within doors, and the,- Kailr(d engineer, who, in con ducting the locomotive, is xposed to the inclemencies of the weatber .and, the -many dangers incident to his pro fession ; they are all treated alike un der this rule of eqal taxation. Such a rule, I jnaintain, is erroneous" in its application fcT persons; that ifls eminently jst iwid proper in (he im position of taxes to discriminate in favor of particular classes of persons engaged in certain pursuits. While I regard it as altogether proper, to impose a tax-upon the income of per sons engaged in many of the learned professions ; upon salaried officers of the State and counties, and of some corporations, I consider it as inexpe dient to impose-any fax at all upon the mechanical and like employment,. for the reason that, the former are capable of bearing a tax, while the latter are not, in consequence of the fact, that such employments are, as yet, im their infancy with us,, and usually yield but little more than a bare support for the persons engaged in them. They are rather the proper objects of the foster-! ing care and protection of the govern ment than fit subjects of taxation. In the collection of revenue from the proceeds- of individualoccupations, especial regard should be had, 1st, to ,the lucrative character of theomploy ments; 2nd, the comparative ease and freedom from risk with which the la bor pertaining to them is performed; 3rd, their relative advantages to the public at .large, and consequent claim upon the government for protection and discriminations should, be niade, for or against the particular classes as .these considerations may indicate. It. were difficult indeed, to lay own any general rule of taxation suitable to every condition of society, and a-, dapted to the ever changing circum stances of people. However this may, be, it is confidently believed, that up on a full -consideration of the subject, it will clearly appear that, a general and unqualified system of ad valorem taxation, is not adapted to the con'di tion.of our people. In which event, there would be no necessity for an a-' mendment of the constitution to pro duce conformity to such a system. It will be borne in mind, that there is, in the constitution, no limitation upon the power of the Legislature to increase or reduce the taxes upon slave property, whenever the one or the oth er may become necessary to produce a just relation between the amount of r taxes, collected from that and other kinds; of, property. The limitation con sists in requiring a Uniformity, of the poll tax upon white persons and slaves, wnitewiae only oetween the ages ot 21 and 45 years, and all slaves, be- ing subject to such a tax r Whether this provision be a fust one or not, can in no way; be more satis factorily determined, than by a consid- . . i ' . eration oi its practical operation. The slaves of the State, according to an estimate made from the late census, may be rated at 315,000 in number. While the white population numbers some 800,000,, The amount of I taxes collected from the former,- as appears irom tne comptroller s books, is S127. J 662, and from the latter 53,332, for i ine-present year. These sums, when apportioned among our entire popula tion of each, would allow 40 cents for every slave and OJ cents for each white person Now, when the advantages derived from the Government; by the various classes ot our citizens be considered it is submitted that the provisions of our, constitution relerred to, is, in its ' . ' ' practical operation, as, above illustra ted, substantially just towards all. It is not, however, as a financial, but as a social question, that this pro position of amendment7 assumes its chief importance. 1 The entire exports of : the surplus products of North Carolina amount, in value, as far as a careful enquiry cnauica me to uetermine to ??iz,U0U,000 annually, of which $11,000,000, at the least, may ! be stated as resulting directly and immediately from slave labor. , This being taken as correct, it appears that our whole social fnhrC is based upon and sustained by slave labor. There is scarcely an occupa tion ofo.ur people, -.-whether mechani cal, manufacturing, mercantile or pro fessional, that does not mainly .depend on it for a support. Without it not a rail road could be built, .and of those alreadyconstructed there would not exist the means of nriventino- tt,. going to decay. Upon this labor rests tbe public credit, and u fetate could not procure a dollar In t. market, though for the most useful purposes, because she would be wholly word, the social and material prospe rity of our people, and their means,of bving, greatly, depend upori thistpe oies of labor . Its loss, with us, could never be.fully supplied - for the most productive portion of our territory WOUld tint-Sin?! onnlil U . . - " im uy le wnuat race. J.n View OT theco-f.nt,, Zt. i , 1-6 . i- , l ,s clearly " wii a puueni Jegisiation to i : p 11 avoid, carefully, every measure ' that wouia tena to the expulsion of this species of labor from the State. Al ready there exists a heavy draiuupon . wuiwwjucuce 01 ine greater prof its resulting from its employment in tbe more Southern States. : That the repeal of the clause of the Constitution m question, and the con sequences that would inevitably follow from that act,would add another and a powerful influence to those already existing to cxpel skves from the State, Uoqs noi, to ln'y mind, admit' of a doubt. : hi: Eortheraore, the Constitution as it exists is consistent with itselC All free men.iiave the tight of. voting for members of Jboth branches of the Leg islature, an4 all are required to pay a poll tax toward the support of the Government?. Were this tax repealed, tli ere would exist that anomaly in free Government of the power of imposing taxes resting with one portion of our people, while the duty of paying them would remain to the other. Consider from this point of view this feature of our Constitution, which is sought to be abrogated, affords a highly useful protection t6 all kinds of property of whatever nature, , Before concluding this subject, I would respectfully suggest a revision of our revenue law, with a view to its amendment in such particulars ' as the public interests'may require. I would especially recommend an amendment of the clause imposing a tax upon in comes and salaries,.. ujW " the princi ple heretofore indicated. It is believed that the condition of the public finances will admit of a re- duction of the t upon land, from twenty to fifteen' cents on the hundred dollars vulue. 'Such a reduction I deem necessary to the establishing of a just relation between, the land tax and that ira'posed ujpon other property of i like kiild.- . FEDEKAI It EL At ION?. I would that I could, consistently with a due regard to the public inter ests, conclude this communication with a reference simply to our domestic af fairs. It is impos'sible however, to close the eye to tbe perilous condition of the confederacy, growing out of the agitation that has for many years been kept ip against the institution of Afri can Slavery as existing in the South. The Republic has at last fallen upon ihose evil's, against which, the Father of the country so solemnly warned us in his parting advice ; it is distinct ly and widely . divided by "parties founded upon geographical discrimina tions." The great body of the people of the Northern and Southern States i enter fain diametrically opposite opinions jupon the subject -of African Slavery : the former, that is a social arid politir cal evil and a sin ; the latter, that it 4s a system of labor eminently well adapted to our climate and soil, right and proper within itself, and that so far from being a sin, its establishment among us in one of the Providences of God for civilizing, and Christianizing the bfe'nighted race. Were these sentiments entertained as abstract, t opinions merely, they would occasion bnt little disturbance to.the -government. It is far other wise, however. This sentiment, with the people of the North, has assumed the form of a bold asd aggressive fanaticism, that seeks the annihilation of slavery in the South at all hazards, and9 regardless of consequences. That si!ch is its aim, the object and trf ito 31 axvtl lioxirly iahora, can no longer be the subject of a doubt. Impelled by this spirit, the North ern States have (violated our rights to an extent that would scarcely have been borne by any other people on earth. : They have deprived us of our property, through, lawless mobs, act ing under the sanction of a high pub lic opinion, And often, too, with the connivance of j their costUuted authori ties. Organized societies, with them, have sent emissaries among us to in cite slaves to irurrection and to blood shed. Inflammatory publications, counselling slaves to rise against their masters have been systematically cir culated throughout the South by the dominant party of the North, sanc tioned and endorsed by its most influ ential leaders. The Legislature of a large majority oT the nou-slaveholding States hate by solemn enactments" openly and! shamelessly, annulled a provision of the Constitution of the United , States, for the. rendition of fugitive slaves, and have legislated di rectly and pointedly, with the view to prevent the owner from recovering such property. . courts of justice among them have,, upon more than oneccasion, totally disregarded a law of Congress enact ed to secure our rigjits of property, and delivered over fugitive slaves to attendant mobs, with a knowledge "bf their purpose to prevent; their recla mation by force. But littje more than a yefiu since, au aimeu orgamzatiori was; deliberate against rtheir masters. Tlie invad came, and inUhe night time, fell upon CVS ! I i . I 7-F . ,g pommunity,; aim amiuereu oeacean ni unoi-mori i citizens t r- w.uu.mcur W len -captured and eerntprl V, their treason and mtfrder, they were lamented by, the creat bodv of thp pie of the North, as though they had fallen in the performance of some me ritorious public service. ;It may be doubted whether history furnishes ano ther instance anions acmbS;ed np'nnlo where treason and murder have been so sympathized with; and applauded. omce which time, men most nmmin nf ti A y urosi promm- ent mL these demonstrations bvo haan ele -.l i.it.Lf ... 1 uvvu thin Pvi,lon;nni k T. m tnus evidencing the deep and pervad-L 1 u;u tu cue uiirnest omcps ot JSt-ato 1 ! oLrlT tlhty li thf Krth 1 towards the institutions and th ; pie of the South. -. ' finU .u : j " . UlrltlC, - J3 M.WWtS I S i ecativei of two of those States OWo' and Iowa, -pointedly refused to form th;l "M Uv feiusea to per- j tiZ bvnY C?mtlttl0ti bli- lnbei,lemg them ttf'the jus- tice they had fied. t.":.- i-i ... hX Se!rf QOtIe IV I) 19tMn nnil cbt- fni V, i ri.7ir:.tlnucai ibefore tlif frtmation of your presen fi a:::: ZZ -..K1 ,n-.PUD1IC conn ! Session, tth an- occurrence wou nf ' n ' IOr.r PurPF present a rffe state of factB, -com ot heading an msnrrpptmn nf oioAc ! r .U 11 C " w v. 1 11 ( . w-n 1 1 1 1 .1 .IT I M f I . k .1 'l Jt 1 I L OT11 Cn AlT. T orni' "7.1 "nar"3, lDC People7ern.S.J kwhose people may choose to ' "a"vu nou mvolv-iseek ing the country in a war. Indeed, it is now but too manifest that the peo ple of the Southern: States have not in this confederacy V that protection for their property wbich the subjects of lireat Jintain, J? ranee or any otner foreign country can claim and enforce against us. Should the subjects of any foreign, government be despoiled of their pro pert j by the people of Mas sachusetts or any other non-slavehold-ing State, restitutio and indemnity would be made by iur- government, upon demand, Vor refusals and "war a gaint the United States would enforce indemnity. Butshould the people of Massachusetts forcibly deprive citi zen of North Camlina of his property, he would have no? such remedy, and indeed no "remedy it all since the Con stitution which proves for such cases has been wholly aanilled by the State Lof Massachusetts. Ihe torbearance pith which the South has borne tfie indignities and wrongs, has utterlj'failed to secure a corresponding. forbrance upon the ! part of our agnress'fs. The spirit of .fanaticism by whifchlhey are influenc- ed, growing bolder kr its lawless riot fand unobstructed illulgencc, has at last so far united tilutorthern masses. as to -f nable themj i seize upon the general goverrimenlvvith all its power of purse and swordl wo persons have been elected TesrreilvGly.to the offices of President and ! fcc-rresident, ex clusively by the pele of one section of the country, uppnl principle hostile to the institutions aid domestic policy oi the other. , iNeitiei-ot.them receiv ed an electoral vott&i all the fifteen Southern States, aJ neither could have uttered, in Mpy of them,, the political sentimentSjftpon -which they are elevated to pOAef, without sub jecting himself to tla penalties of-the local criminal laws. clearer case of a foreign dominatiMas to. us could not well be present and that it will oe a nostne uomin-non, past occur rences' and the -cireamstar.ces under wjiiclf they have bi elected, forbid us to doubt. ThatJy people, having a due appveciatiODM the principles of lberty, could lon plubmit to such a domination, it is n sible to suppose. They now tell that this election according to the has been s condnc forms of the Goi tution, and ,that, therefore, the le of the South should take no yt option to the fact. They who. themef ?s have utterly re fused to be hounii! that Constitution, now hold it up teg s as a bond to se cure us from delfa ling our property and lives against eir oppressions. It is true Abr in Lincoln is elec ted President, ay rding to the forms of the Constitutii it is equally true that George the t lird was the right ful occupant of r4 British Throne, yet our fathers kmittod not to 'his authority. The belief not against the man, not beca: e of any defect of his title to the crti, but against 'the more substantial ik, the tyranny of his Ministers anifarliament. That power i'behind throne,' and which in the name of teflhrone attempted to deprive tnem fljtheir liberties, is the one with whia, hey grappled. So it is with us. It if ot the man, Abra ham Lincoln,ha e regard, but the poWcr that elevaat him to office and which will natur.Iv maintain a con trolling influenceia his Administra tion'. And can ifi reasonably be ex pected. that men Bo have totally dis regarded their faqstitutional obliga tions and proveisf dangerous in the administration dlfeir State Govern . i . i -i ments, will lean moderation by this new gratificatioiaf their lust of power and dominion r When it is cfi&llcred that the sen timent of hostilyfto African slavery is deeply fixed a'l the minds of the Northern peoplry-that for twenty-five years it has fufrifd a part of their ed ucation, beeiiinculcated in the fam ily circle, ami sijrht to them from the Pulpit, as a llg principle of their religion, togctiei with the duty of its practical enforCfient 'everywhere and on every occaio ,' it must be confess ed that there'?: sts but little ground upon which tl" ;st a hope that our rights will b cured to us by the General Govninent administered at their hands -i ne conuiwij oi puonc anairs, as was to have P expected, threatens the most def fable consequences to the LonfedefCt. Already, it is ren dered more probable, that sever al of the So.leTi States, in the ex ercise of theiptual rights of nations, will separatlfom ithe Federal Union, t Id V, dplihorntirvi. 1 It cannot ffr a moment be supposed 11 VUUUl'fF uiwiUtlH WC that we co submit to have the pol-1 . 1 1 icv nt tho Aumnon nartv. nnnn vnin htion party, upbn which their candle for the Presidency has -j i- 1 - been electf1! carried out m his Ad ministratirfJas it, would result in the destruction our property, and the placing oKie lives of our people in uany pep and even though this immediately attempted, should nof yet, an em to employ the ttrilitary General Government a )f tho Southern State, power of tt gainst would pi it an finergency demand- t tJ a ' -j j lnjr prorerfjand decided action .r T il v.. . 1. . on our pail. 1! part. ItCfn but be manifest that a wow ititff ueu one oi we ooum- o..JhM -ui. vi :..a:-;-j o country A civil war, the destructive, - i. . , Tho ctllization nf the airp. snrAlv Sb'S the pref tioxi of so great a calamity vK ': ' it T r poUtic' Merges of the magnitude of hose Ms on around us. But, should the inng Administration be euilty 01 tne ly and the. wickedness of drawihe sword against any $outL tHI protection out of the Federal j tLIU LIV.11II vr filuct I 1UUO a UU CU1CIUI1 Union which is denied to them in i(, then we of North Carolina; would owe it to . ourselves, to the liberties we have inherited ' from bur fathers, to the peace of our homes and families, dearer to us than all governments, to resist it to the last extremity. Ours is a government of publie o pinion and not of force ; and the em ployment of military force to control the popular will, would, if successful, result in a galling and inexorable des potism. ' . Ihe prevention, then, of civil war, and the preservation of peace amongst us, are the great objects which Nprth Carolina should resolveJ upon securing, whatever changes the Government may undergo. , In yiew of the perilous condition of the country, it is, in my opinion, be coming and proper that we should have some consultation- with those States identified with us in interest and in the wrongs we have suffered ; and es pecially those lying immediately adja cent to us. As any action of ours would, of necessity, materially affect them, it would be but consistent with the amicable relations that have eve existed between us, to invite them to a consultation Upon a question that so deeply affects us all. From a calm and deliberate consideration of the best mode of avoiding a common dan ger, much good might result and no evil could. In thus proceeding, wc would show to the world a disposition, to exhaust every peaceable remedy for the solu tion of our difficulties, ami a firm de termination to maintain our rights, "in the Union if possible and out of it if necessary ?"? Such a step, te-o, would be but a be coming march of respect to that con siderable portion of the people of the non-slaveholding States, who have ever 'been disposed to acknowledge as" eq uals in the Union, and who have on many occasions gallantly struggled to secure our Constitutional rights. I therefore respectfully recommend that you invite the Southern States to a conference, or such of them as may be inclined to enter into consultation with us upon the present condition; of the country. Should such a confer ence be found impracticable, then I would recommend the, sending of one or1 more delegates to our neighboring States with the view of securing con cert of action. I also think that the, public safety requires a recurrence to our own peo ple for an .expression of their opinion. The will of the people once expressed will be a law of action, with all, and secure that unanimity so necessary in an emergency like the present. I therefore recommend that a Con vention of the people of the State be called, to assemble immediately after the proposed consultation .with other southern States shall have termina ted. The subject of our military defences will require your early attention. I would recommend a thorough reorgan ization of the militia and the enroll ment of all persons between the aes of 18 and . 45 years. With such a regulation our muster roll would con tain near a. hundred and ten thousand men. ' ' t I would also recommend the forma tion of a corps of ten thousand volun teers with an organization separate from the main body of the militia, and thai they be suitably armed and enuin- ped. That your proceedings may be con ducted in a spirit of harmony and con ciliation, and that they will redound to tne nonor and welfare ot North Carolina and our common country, is my fervent desire. Concluded in our next. Dismal. " xucvjuaiiraiuii luvrtury conuasis I hn I , 1 fc t 1 I i . 'rCr.y.b. .1 Cl pf newspapers as follows : "The New York Tribune, the chief organ of our Northern aggressors, has a subscription list verging on 300,000 and-all pavmsr subscribers for tlm paper is sent to no one who does not m cj . ------ Lpay in advance, and is stopped .witlj tne exnaustion ot pre-payment. The Editor boasts that he receives a peck full of letters every morning, contain ing the money for subscription; and kisis thesuccessof all kindred presses at the North.- How is it with Southern presses, faithful to he. rights and in stitutions of the. South? Take the Charleston Mercury, which for thirty five years has-been a prominent press in the South what has been the fate of its Editor em jrtud-eKrerj ay practicable, b- .works of Internal second barely earned a narrow subsis tence the third injured, but sold out -m time the fourth died a ruined man. vnv ivui 111 uir;u a 1 unit lu "tth is our. humble selves, of .i t. nr .1 -..r, per at the North has brought to the public understanding, more ability, than the Charleston Mercury ( we speak --- --j . . .... .,1. nuiu we win sav nnrninor. tv hat. na. not of ourselves !) There hare been brains and labor enough in it to have amassed a dozen fortunes., Yet, how meagre has bet n the patronage confer red upon it, compared with its North ern contemporaries ? How many tens of thousands of dollars are now due to it, have been lost, uncollectable and unpaid. How many tens of thousands of dollars now due it and chiefly by the very men the planters the si a ve holders of the South whose property and institutions whose liberties and lives it has labored to protect.' v ' M iledqeville, Uov. 12. A resolu tion was offered in the Legislature to day instructing the Senators and Rep resentatives of Georgia' in Congress to resist couutjng in the Electoral Col lege the vote of those States which have nullified the Fugitive Slave 1 jaw- It has been made the special order of me aay iqr tne zuth instant. A resolution was offered, contemnla- 1 ting the calling of a separate Southern vurwuwn in reoruary at Awanta. ' .; . , ? - EUGENE B. DBAKE I SON, vl EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS, STATESVILLE, Z ' - o- ; FRIDAY, : ; i t NOVEMBER GO, -IM Our Terms. f3' . rpnE -IREDKLL KXPRES!?l9.pn,slUil upon t) U. X kiwfns Tkiijis, from which tlM-re will l no devliiMon.1 jjuiiscriw-rs iiierrnH-K win RovtTB ttx-m-ielves ocorifincly 1 copy one yir. if paid in advawc, $2 AO If paid within 3 months, ' 8 25 If p;ii(l within 6 months, ' , j - ' '2,&0'! if not jwid till the4end.pf the KilTiption year, a 0ft.' ' Governor's, Me&sage We lay before our readers this weekf the more important part of Gov. Ellis'- "Message to the legislature ot North "Carolina, an.will submit the rem tiimler next w&lc Tit c Mes sage represents the Stifle to be n a pfejH-r-ous condition, . and the people contentrnd happy, comparatively. This say e the? Mes sage is owing, chiefly, to the system ofiil road improvements, which, mapping: Jhe State, have developed its resources and c ton- ed outlets for the pro1ucts of the interior to the best markets. This is -bestowing a lilgh compliment, unintentionally, to the s,agaa.ty of the Whig party who projected and pu in to practical ojteration tH rail-road system of the State. We are pleased to know thAtplov. Ellis, no longer invokes "lungs of iron fifd a throat of steel, to proclaim to the peonltphe evils of internal improvements." TlieiraiN roa. system was not only projected bli the Whigs, hut the capital of Wings, anJ: the taxes Whigs have aid, have jirl'-irdf'd ihe chief means of building tliese roads vlrever theless, the management of these roitdhas gone into the hands of Jpcofocos.' Xh'fejftjore important pfvrt of tle-n!efge, prha pel perj tains to Federal relutions, The Ci'r'nor recommends the arniiing'and equijiln:.of : number of lunteer companies, lut htsilent as to how the means siliall -Le provide4io do it; leaving the inference that men, wd Vol unteer to serve the State, must arm ani equip themselves. This recommendation' ,4 the more remarkable, inasmuch, as"heafiVern'. or ignores ad valorem or the taxing of ifgroes as property, a.dut wliom all thei.trrnvoil which Uneaten; to dissolve- the' Utitov and plunge the country into civil wSr, hlhad its origin tlie '. - He likefr-recommends a reorganization, of tire ttiiitia, and the enrolling of every man ableito bear arms, between the ages of island 4$io de fend the institution of the Sontli 1 Wiilcli ' must incur adieavy exnseto thjtaiyer. wJio may or may not have an -intere(in the institution, to say li 'tliing of time- s?jnt in utteuding .IriU.ic Aiud vet, five Ciifernor is opposed to taxing tlte nigger! a'nl')jmpel'. ling him to y.ay his share tor the pn-jpuioii, which the (llovernor wouKl oom'Wl. f i'eii a ori-8laveholdor to afford ' him ! OiTinight reasonably suppose, that in this tiif even Gov. Ellis would be prsualed to rnnce tlp. nniiiwi trh'ti-L J.,AV.V....'ji. I. tlA rjait -ne-rje idea ffrnPQ flrp rwenna ami ha! riv-ii.n- with the Governor seems to be thi' Uvhite people shall pay all tbtf twxes-ishijdo all the fighting, equally, whether tbejrtown a slave or not. Sq set ilie iii his vie&joupoii this subject, that; we verily believe, 1 would oppose a voluntary contribution f'roia ulacr. owner towards a fund to armband hiptlie State. If his speeches last snmmeTflnd.his message, do not tend to that, they a mean ingless. While the policy which tjf-je Gov ernor recommends, if carried out, tfiist ma terially increase the public expcndore, he makes no reconimendjition as to tiS means v ..... .1: . 11 1 -m , supplies 'twii Knowing as. ne nuist, that every article but negro.'M bow taxed Jo the utmost tension, .ancjf(juit .the people fairly groan under the bit rdJufo their ta.es. With a certainty, that the paUicx pepditujes will increase by arming tfe State, and the additional calls which will jikcs$ari ly be made upon the public treasury far other purpose, diow is it possible that thf and-tax can be reduced, as themessage recirnends, unless other items can he found nfaxed? If the Governor or any of his frientjcan ae. complish Lis recommendation in thejnjanner hesiiggestfl, by taxing luxuries aniinthor alities, and reduce the tax. upon land,- we slall rejoice; but we incline to thVopinion that, it cannot be aceom jiiished Every man in the State will, jioubt. subscribe to the recommendation of gliding up and supporting Southern SlanctBs, and developing the resources of thej Statejn improvement and other means. . ' -: 3uf pension of Specie Paymii t. The Banks 6f?nranv other Stati';liavinr Fusyended specie payments, it is tifre than jirobable, that the Banks of North frolina, will do likewise. If so, we think tle Legn Iature of our Sute ebouid enact a law, prp bibitir.g the gale of property for Tfiecie, so loii ad the .Banks remain suspend' It ia a protection which the debtor will require to 8ae mm irom the rapacity of lorwg'oJr other creauors, at a timelikefthe present. i Tiims a protection due .the 1 citizens of .the State, ami cannot be too early acted on. . i.f , Stopping the Supplies.- ; " ; Bome of oujT provituon men wer 'notified from St. Louis yesterday, : says tii.Iacon Telegraph, of the 21st, that no moje credit would be extended to Georgia custodiers for grain or provisions." jfh reason aeeigned was that Georgia was going so far f at of the Un ton that remjttawcea might nef?r reach St. Louis' from, diat distance. ThailrighL Put us all on the ash ytnt gjitlemen, and it is the only thing heeded toft $11 our pockets. A planting !contrr las 4 business with credit, and planters eUtnd rery much in their own light when they ask it, ' ! , '. . , .' 'Pardoned. X' Norment, wJio was found gailty z &Wn tenced to be hnnz at IhU hit Superior Court for Mecklepbprg coil jty, for the marder of Titterpierry lias been ,rdon ed by Gov. Ellis. " 1 I 'f . Free Trade ?. a of the Ttjetteville Ucrvcr : m Rietgh few.oay. .go, and saw a saSb of slarea for cash, at thJblWiag prices: :f "A rieero woman, aged 40i sold for 25fl A g.ri, wlo would hat! broughtllOOO S months ago, sold for 1505 1 ' j Wf br wen. reports of "aales ofegroes in Georgia, Richmond and other places," at about same rates. 2lf dissolrtion shoald tail place, likely negro men will not fetch $400, women much less.- While land: and all other kinds of property wUl fclt Jo propor tions The seceding States will open the A" frican slave-trade, countless numbers of wild barbarians will brought oe aad boU in the South, to the great detriment of the own ers aaveVin Itforth Carolina, Virginia, Ac- ? rej iraue wm. lojipw -tne pauper labor f Europe will supplant the industry of the white mechanics of the South, and every mill and machine-shop will have to close. There will be no mistake .49. tiia, for it is what .secessionists have contended- for the last thirty years. Tbe hard-working median-, ics of the: country-H)f the boasted South -are nothing in their vision, ht monopoly f lands egroe and free tradedto .tbera is everything. v '. i Iet the 8lavhollers, a -well as the non- filaveholders in Jforth Carolina, be warned! , . . . Matters in Philadelphia . N orris, our large engine builder, has just discharged all his hands, somewhere about 8CMJ; for want of business. Conover Sb Bro., a large shoe bouse, has failed, with 1 jaliUesf .. W.OdO.."' Tilings here are in a very gloomy condition. PROCIIEDISCS. "Ve gave the organization of tin two Houses of the Legislature ih lastWue. Considerable discussion as to the :ttticr of copies of the Uoverhor's M'msage fiMkh be printed, took place" in the Senate, on ifl 2 1st, the Governor's party desiring a 1tj quantity, and the opposition Opposing it ana useless extravagance. The former prevailed. ' and the copies were ordered to pe printed ftir each member, amounting to a large number in all, at a heavy cost. -1 , Several bills have been offered by tlie. Whigs to .amend the Const iiiit ion so.a'stpi ta. slaves accord ing to value or ad valorem. John Spelmah has been'elec'tel State Pri- V tcr.nvhich 'amounts in dividing it with tile Raleigh lVessas Soman's oftjee is in Sl kbiiry. ;;,' '' ' J W. A. Jenkins has Itenn electcrAttortie Ocneral of tle StatcoVr KeWip 1 ltttle: ..Tbe following persons; Lave! been elected j Judges : M.:H Manly, a Judge, of Ue S preine Court. J. W. tlaborne Judge Of the Sup. Court .'for the Sixth District.' . Gov. Morehemi presented a bill in the Senate lor the election of Judges by the peo- Mr.'iSteele, a bifl to bind out 'certain fn free persons of color. ;. Tlios. 'Settle has been , re elected solicitor for th 4th district. Win.Landerre elected solicitor for the Tith district. . ; In the Senate, on the SCtli, Hr. Ewin in troduced a Bill providing. for a call Conven tion of the people of the State tolta Ice into consideration the proper conrse for the State to Muvue in regard to Federal Relations. Referred to Committee on FederalllelH tions. Sir. -Avcry.ii Ul 4o ant liorJze the Governor, fo call a Convention for ihe came purpose. Referred to Committee on Federal Relations. Official vote of North Carolina. We give in our table. Jo-day the offi cial vote of tlu'tiuStnte for President and Vice i..jfresiident, as rettirne4 to the Ex ecutive Department. ' It will bo scon that Breckinridge has carried the State oV-er botli Hell and Douglas. Tbe Voto foots up thus : For Breckinridge, 48,5:9. For Bell, 1 44,91)0. Foe Douglas, . 2,701; I'cck in ridgis'si luajority oyer Bell U 3,540; ovvr Donglas 45,838 : and rver botb4848 : ; a- T'. The votes of the, ebunties of Bladen, Madison, and Allegany, are not conn ted, they n?t having been duly. return ed accord hig to IaWj They would have increased Brec kin 1 ridge's majority to over 4,000 15 aloigl Press Threatened Bupture of Mr. Buchanan's Cabinet WasiuVotox, Nov 20. 18G0. The discussions of the question that is now agitating the wludc -'country, and. the position wjiich the l'reaident shall 'take regarxling it in hisfbrthcom- O ,-5 7 v-.... . 1 v to-the verge of a break u, and itrmay eiid in that before-the first Arori day in l)(''inlu-r vlnn txnnTPtia tvtll mwf The President insists thaf tho con stitution of the United States estab lishes a government, andhej-as the s t orn head a ri d cxecu t i ve t hereof in lis t and will insist nnon the execution oi' the federal law's: that the idea of peace able secession by any State in a fallacy, which he does not rccognizend must resist to, the ftrll extent wf his power. In this "view he is supported by Cass, Black,. Toncey and IJolt. Ut-iW hatvil. . tba,Jbutbpri members of tho Cabinet Floyd, Cobb and Tho mpson hold that the consti tution is merely a compact which may be broken at anyfihoment by a single State, - which mar wish to retire from the confederacy, by declaring it 'wish ,to do sov Hni 'hat in so i doin ? they snouia noi oe moiestca by the lederai govern men 1. ' ' 1 , v That portjon of the message treating of this question of secession ia still un der discussion, which will continue un 'i a compromise is iound or the Cabi net breaks up m a row. You can rely upoi these facts, and that the adminis tration is in a crisis. - " - A . YAsniNOTO!,' Nov. 20. The Cabinet had a protracted session to-day, and it is understood thai the ,v President, having; completed his Mes sage, it was tead at length to bis Cabi net. ' It is very lengthy;. s He discusses, elaborately the question-at issue be tween the North and the South, espe cially secession. What position he as sumes in regard to this matter 1 am not at present at liberty to disclose., One of the most : farcical incidents of these "sensations" days Is the meeiing of the Southern Medical Stu dents in New York. ' These. Fire-Eat-. era arc abouit Wceclef; from Jthe tJoJlege' because' Lincoln ; ia elected rresiaent. jnow, iet f ns ask 'these . Fire-Eatbg and seceding embryo Doc-; tors what business they had in s lf i CI