North Carolina Newspapers

5 i ! 1 .- i 'I i i 1 1 ft -i i 1 SI. , r - 'I- I 'tadrtMl v oi thatit b,tMpMi IMt Convent Delega cliowa la .1 iKorM. under the recouv kieh embodied 83 brl Vt what wasw www -rni' , r -jji H rW? !Snttee. leosuro aneW llectiaaioTif -ir-. - , .SiU,, (ferric. V" vr . . - 1. .. ' temy. "V ituiy khe foundation the iim ii'tkb summary--rity the h?iuso tSetnett the other 8ife,?U regardjjthjs ; i 'jS..- r ?ftmTto "v5 The Constitution, which decUnattheHo if s the several 8; of theT&ate adeltHXiof fcJnueJeti made to the STrkli wasi cSa which wai ea dary qnero. or had. exceed- fifeS5Sd refused ta fe8 ine oonaws r j'. coders lood. Rut when ItTWts orlS the peUpJeMrM .contended that tius?1 he must conless mat if wasaprvpcsJtioa, rkfcfcsslf ffiven and Here are legblatiye poty Secptive f cenw dj lasttej herd Uf a twtviri vested in U"er fja?'! kv Jud9 1 SirrdcrtmenttobcadW i .i-. X. t J w, Mrtin TnodC. Wha. Me is t .n.Vt.h iHiVa this Corapaciajp'"VM" ernment. Kach GoTernioeat moves ovrn it yrihPdsohercanJ thire is reprcsctitation; tlie Fall, oaa eiecu iwmf "r-r: iDi;vo never wienueu fff-- r . rSAtabtuiUiacnt of an tSicientand an undivided I Government. I '."-T -fL 4 1 -v'tmmiLiaA 1 UAltbongh the genttetm; Kentncky ld i .i::. ; ideral compact, ne idmitted that we hivejthet ptng 1 Jaws Th Senator wnp nma pu. than he' had ever before heard;. it iS&ulI wants that we hate, the eri tn :r :rr' ( U. FlCask nothmffuwrr:. i ru-i - j.-:;ri triVM all nowen I What is meant hi makin laws It is not Iq give advice, but; to enact statuteibr the protection oi socwxyana tne i punUhment of crime. What Jowei J exercjses , jtoal authority in the Stite 3outh Carolina. Jn matters citneeming only the : fciti2cns;of her lipwn Bute, her ownjudiciarj f xeraisea j?nsdic f -ti P The power of the federal Judiciary is ex rSyiefined in the Constitttion. It iextends rSfoalfcnsesin lHSlS t iConst:tuti6n;the UWsof the United States,! and ithTLaties made or whkh bail ee nde: Tmdfr y the UnUcd Stis shijl be a wrty; fSr WersteWween txvo jSSSltt ! tStateandVitizens of anothef StfVSl' Hhucnsof dtfiercnt States M i lbetwentw more SutesffYet .ffntieen ay that tho Gevernment of the Umed States lias no power ever the SuieJ, wiile they posscss - d ill plwer JSiraid Air. pUhc jqunsUturion inten-ded- o humbieMliUproud Stateyeoycreignty,! to V V prcit the States from encroaching upon each V : &-L- as weU vis to prevtf!yi collieir. p twecJ.them tod -the UaieJ Utes. j Butj m . have already had ad exposntori,5tn the case oi; a ' citi23u of Georgia who institud;iit against a -State, aad brought it -befor the ;Supreme Court inhere it was argued, and theCoart, in an uu rnwerat!e arguaxeat, decided -Hfcat a ;Cititen ;t i cuulii bring 4uit against Constitttion on this point. "Yet the llth article in thi aidendttwnts; pnly limits tho power of tho i tYtferiij'judiciarf ai jre- i ardsasuit Magainetone of th6 United States ;?tbvciM2ens of another State, or 'by citixens orjsjulb jecu of any foreign Stkte.Mj As tu the father pw ii '-iJ vttaA in tho jfcdiciarf tncetwverttea ibe" tweon two or matt States, iKci-tbiej were ail left I V .4 i i - ... I ! ? rs. t?nAtfi resumed fnis remarks. WhntSenat-djoorned ysterday said yilr. feamzmg the Judiciary of the United States, and. Su Zi.."-!,.; . inVi.n iininf and eaersrvJ the , I wareieiriniw yu s wiaciple that: tke laws 1 wnsattttton of Sa United. States shaH be rsidcred Iboj su pimne law of th4 iani ! This fproviaon, the toastiutipn, aad the- legislitionnpon ,it,1 cunsli. 1 Jlt8 a laipreaaouj ijctost, fr ! klatwi and sophistry ? wilt speM their force vk I WaiuT 'There is no tvr in the I nchcolsj there: i Bat aVut Jndepcndrtt f eontt who wtj our 8u5l,wnb camwt cuinprcheud tBrhole armament on tuis subjects r 4X nTanwha ( he-finusi j that the laws 1 iX Congrire t the1preme liw of the land, nod finaiaws carrying out thispro rision, knows whew bavereigniy f plaeed bt the '.Li...,fU tKnhind thneibata'r thai all. the : i: i ... Mm. The jecp ar not '.to te tpeeulatftd I ; bttj ! o( their aetl3e--and f this Sre hattt had a . re-, ecntaad Tery rttisfaory aMiiraac.,: Tb pta-1 ciplcsof the pructaautioa.'Wew greeted witHl 4ast nniret3al ipnroiatii threoghoatjhe land; no paper exeppV the dctarslion t IndcpeSMfeai, had AfprbeAa received by the, people' with more KearttHt satlsfactiotH none need be, except that sacred instrnn?jt ; 'GrJ la those by-gune toyt,' ijiere were lhany. disojrdant 'Voices heard the genial bjoC ; But now there is bat bne voit from Gearsjia to Maine, with the excep it. thsi tirklh AflrtiiA from t!n?k i quartet. Vbo can tail t0b esaOod, that the f poople are Ihu true to the principles of their father, and are thus ready to protect and maintain the work of their father ?jf If roillUlcatton reeeive not iu condemnation in our fdays, I know, said Mr . it will reeeive the execration of all posterity. 1 Was it that, jin air I Sconstitation the State Judiciary jras requird regard the authority of the Uws of Cotesss supreme? yhy was it that in the 25thl section of the judiciary ket, an appeal! iromphe State to the Federal Courts Ugtantei?f conm btion knew no bthw way to sopport the supre macy ofthe Uws ofContrress than this. They provided that j ail questions anaing onder the constitution, should h referred to -and decided hr the Judicial Department of the Government. mie jrUHihM temperate wisdom which char- . ' .Lit- ...ATrtka 1tennipi rlnML acicnzesaii .uBff c,u - itions togutbm court i court. They try the judicial , conscience jw j every court, and if the State tribnoal jdecWes; 1neonstitntioiilly,t tbe Sapn ma Court of thd United Slates has power to reverse theidecUiortl ! No argumentbich he could urge,JwoulJ 0d tq the weight rwhicn those wise provision! whould hate Id setflrri this question. ( They prove . the high regard crhik mir fithpri had fur this DiinciDle uf the eoDstitution,' and their extreme anxiety to pre- serve and perpetnate it; , As matter of historv. it would be interesting Ito look at the circumstances attending the pass age of the I JndlciarifBUl In what we some- times call the popular, Drancn oi iongress in me House of Representves it met with such u nanimous sunoort. that the veasand nava 5ftVe not called fijr Tfhenjjthe question . vfs taken. In the Senate, wherip the bill oriaated, fourteen Voted in the anlnnafive, ia six in the ncatire. Tliree of the eg.! fee were from the South, and three from the ffurih. Two of the South ern negatives were (torn the Senators from the State of Virginia. (Put h was persuaded, that the opposition of Virginia to the bill, did not arise from ihy ubjeetlpn jo this mode of preser ving the constttutifiti and laws. Virginia op posed all the prpvislms of the jud ieiary system, as we organized it, from, objections which she had to the form J not t the object of its establish ment. That ttie Common wealth of Virginia did not 'oppose the' 'principle' that the Supreme Court of tbl United; States is the arbiter in the last resort, he woul4bow,from a previous 'piece of history, which hef took great satisfaction in bringmg befijre the Senate. To go back to the transactions offyrmetrines, to contemplate ; those acts of our predecessors, which have illustrated their own land our fame, was always pleasing and profitable j. and it was wifii great satisfac tion that he could bring up, on this occasion, the voice of good old Virginia in favor of the consti tution and he hed it would put down ' for ever those; speculations which would ruin the constitution, and defeat the hopes of the world. The opinion of Virginia, to which he should re fer, was (given at n I interesting time, i The State ofj Pe'nasjlfanur, one of the proudest States of the Unioahe meant no invidious dis tinetion she was one of the largest, wealthiest, and most nbwerful of 'the States tho State of F,iriplvaoia had determined, in the Olmstead cas to r?sist txo decision of the United States Court, vat4 toirestst i them .jmto blood. The LegwIatureSvtitiSfar as to pass laws to call lit tho ;r;;, 'tit itSfit the Federal crocess. The judiciary Went hi ! - quiet steady way galantry was overlooked, (for ladies tveTftth defendants,) and, ina case where the life t Joe constitution was at hazard, they would !not even stop for theni and f ho i issue was about to be tried bv amis. U'eajisylvanLi, at this point, Was patriotic and prudenjt enough to retire, and give up the contest, j Notice Was given, to the Jlar sfta! to makd upUheldebt and costs, and the a mount was furtWitlj paid. Pennsylvania would not, a( the Jast pinci, encounterthe constitution Many patriots appeared then, and xflfered ito de vote themselves! to tiie-cause, and to die in the J last ditch.! The sagie faguig was used then, us we hear from jSuuih O."o:?o now. Uut Pennsylvania hid to inuch patrioai to push her opposition tol the extremity of war- She jrave up the points ijid proposed an amendiunt to the constitution for tho establishment of a tribunal to settle alf disputes between the Go vernment and the States. She took the advice of Virginia, and the Recorded response of Virginia is a fallows i , ; Preamble and reioliitions on trie propositioR of Pennsylvania to s&nend the Constitution of the United State. . -f "The Committee to whom was referred the communication of thi Governor of Pennsylvania, covering certain resolutions uf the Legislature of that State, ptoposngr . an amendment to the Constitution of the ymted States, by tho ap pointment! of an impjtrtioJ tribxmal todecide dispute hetweehthdSlalc and Fedrut Judici ryf hate had the same undfcT their considera tion, and are of opinion that a tribunal is already provided by i the Constitution of the United States, to j wit: 'the Supreme Court, more em inpntlv auallfied from their habits and duties. from the mode oftAtftr. selection, and from the tenure of iAeir ulr&es. to decide the dln.utts Aforesaid in an enlightened and impartial inanhtj; than any oiner triouaai wnicn couia oe erected . The members fof the Supreme Court are selected from those 'in' the United : States, who are most celebrated for virtue and legal learning : not at the will of a ftinHe individual, but by the most current wishes of the President and Sen. ate of the .Unitfd Sutcs, they will therefore have no local pjvjadtces and partialities. nwarilTto the most ehlarsred and accurate acquaintance with 'fe jurisdiction of the Feder- at ana several yMin, "u W4W the admirable symmetry oi our tvernment. The. tenure! of heir offices , enable v them to pronounce: the tound Q1 correct opinions they wiuioui zear, nvor, or par- by Pennsylvania, seems tube founded upon the ideav that the jFejJeral Judiciary will, from a lost of powerjj enlirge ther junsdictkM to the total aamUUatioh-ot; the jurisdiction of the State Coorti, that they Itille xercise their teiU instead of the law and:the;Constinilion. This irgampnflif it proves any thing, wouM operate inote strongly Ijagainst the tribunal pro posed to he 1creatl which premkes ee liule, than against ib4 Sapreme Court, which, 'fur tho fea-fons givea before, had every , thing connectea vlli their tppojfitment calculated, to ..ensure, conjdence. V hat security have we. were the i -'I proposea amendnicntj aoopie.1 , atlKtftztbflfial would not substitute thei? vdt . ani thr . pli sure, in thepU4 of the. Uw f j Th9 J rif&ti, are the weakest U the three departmenU of Go vernment, and least J dangerous o thepolltieal righUcf the; Constitution r They 'boll.neUhet Ue purse nor the sword, and, even to "enforce their own judgment and decxees; mustnlttmatei lydenend upon ilia Executive arm.. i Should the Federai Judiciary, however ' nnnundfal of their weakness, viunindful of. the. duty iiwhjch they owetq themeeltea and their ntryy become corrupt, and transcend he limits of theajurisdio: : fMiri tka nmnrMMi amendment oppoaa even a probable barrier in wca an unprsbaWa gtate, of thingiP'ri & ' ' L-fi'i Ml r The creation of a tribunal such as is proposed H Pniiavlrknia.so far as we are enabled ito frrry ,m Ak of it from a decri pUon dven in the wiutMn I iif the Leoislature 5of that State, wrM in theoDtnion of 00" committee, "tend miLmia invito than nrerent a colhsion' betwtn the Federal and State Courtsi fit-might alw hwim.in nrm-ftss of lime.a serioos and danger omrraflment to the operations of the ben- i2csolted, Uierefort, That the j Legislature of this State da disapprove ot tne i amenament . the' Constitution of the United j States proposed hv tli I xrisktiire of Pennsvl variisi -Brink?, also. That Ihis Excelfaocy, the Governor, be, and he is lreby j 1 requested, to transmit lorinwiin a copy oi tne iregoin preaiu- ble and resolutions to each ; of th ! benaturs and Representatives of this State ih Congress,- and to the Executive of the several J States in. the Union, with! the request that tlie isame may be laid before the Legislature thereof. j-V January 23, 1810- Agreed io ; unanimously bv the House of Delegates; If. 4 I! ' Ja o uary 26,131 0 -Agreed to by the Senate unanimously." ; . n ' This Doctrine is as sound as pure gold , seven times tried. Here is the very isstie which South Carolina seeks to try. . Pennsylvania called out her militia to uphold her sovereignty, ani fa a well advised hour, rented br appeal to forcev ad proived an amendment to the i Constitutioa, tor ind purpose ot enectmg uer wjevi. ajui gu old Virginia respected the. wisdom jof our farthers, and declared that the Constitution which. hey had provided could not be bettered by amend ments. She lefused to sanction an amendntent which would dispense with the Judiciary of the United Statos.i Now, Mr. President, in this view of the subject, what a most admirable sys tern of government is ours It is not to be won dered at that tyrants and the friends of powct all over the world, look at it with fenvy and jea lousy. We cannot) but percevp that, by the General and Stato Governments, each acting in their ri-crive spheres, the principles of liberty must ever be preserved. : Ne w " York caaaoi ibr 'fringe nport theVights of Virginial ; The States cannot come muj conu.ci wiut ; eacn ouier, nor can tbe General Government interfeie witli the rights and - jurisdiction of thej several States. But as we have great interests i in common, the wisdom cf our predecessors provided a sovereign ty, above that of the sevfcral States, to attend to the common interests. The Constitution was watched over with sleepless . vigilance, as he hoped it always would be andfectually guar ded against all encroach tnents. VVbat can the General Govamuient do toprostrato the liberties of the States, when twenty- four of those States support it and continue its existence and poW er ? i Since he had had the honor of a seat here, he had often ''been - torry : to hear; the Generai Government gravely pMcen of as aii :lwn excrj-s-cence. Our own w(rk, tho ideiifiy chtristfd constitutio n bequeathed to- os iyi . uur iart .cr, had been scouted atasau odious Foreign impor tation, and the Supreine Court which keeps in check i he different powers of tho Siate and Fed eral Governments had been spoken of as a thing down below which the Sjvereigii States ougn not to submit to. He. rejoiced! that this subject was now fully before the people He believect that the crisis had been brought to theni, in tht: eniguity of Providence that'they might raiiy around the Constitution, and tbatl tribunal wbicn preserves all the principles of the: Constitution in purity. How, Mr. President,' conld we take & single step in the improvement of our cundition, without this General Government . Have we not intrusted to it all the concerns of commerce, the collection of the revenue, the: vast concerns uf the-public land, our Indian relations, tec? flow can we take a single step to preserve our great common intrests, if the I State sovereign ties can annul our acts at pleasure? Suppose a case of war waged by us, in defence of our na tional rights, against a Foreign nation. , If three or four ill-advised States canthrow themselves on their sovereignty, refuse to take pari in the war, and nullify the aces declaring it, our coun try, instead of being a name and a praise; among nations, would become a name of reproach, and subject to the contempt cf 'the whole civilized wcrlj. He would much rather go back to the old confederation, in which each State was bound, in ittcr, to pay its quota towords the pub lic exigencies: ISou, can gfive us security lor a single hour Against Sute 5Ullrncation. He had said, withfsubiaission, thatheSapremo Court was- intended by the Const! t:i ion to be the great arbiter in regard to questions within and without tho powers conferred upon it- in answer !to this, it was said, suppose ' the Supreme Court transcendents potversi He would reply , in the lan guage of Virginia, that we had adopted the best system which we could! devise. If it railed in practice, tlie failure wbald be6Hng to tho im perfection of all hnmao instltuliobs No prudent tuan will push such a supposition to its extrem ity, and upon tne faith of it give up our Consti tution. 'Should it faif of its object; we shall have but to mourn over the i rail ty and insecurity of this as well as of all terrestrial thing' . I What expe rience has justified j the supposition that the authority given to the Supreme C. urt will be ab surd For fifty year9-wt- have prospered with it, and'thei venerable and illuswious man who has given to if his high renown in the world,still lives to give it his beniriccnt energlcsL Th6 Judiciary holdd neither the pujrse nor , thej sword, and de pends wholly upon its moral. oiver, and the aid of other departmeutaof the government, fir the enforcement of its decree. It is the great peace arbiter. Let us then1 cherish and support; it. Let ne select the best men to fill its seats, and we shall have no cause : to distrust it. I llut what is done wiih the State;Courts? i He put it to South Car olina to answer. She has a Cohsiitutton and a Judiciary! When. her Legislatote enacts an un cwsUtationsl aw, whaidOQeby herjeiUzeiU? Do some of them ca!i a town meetiug and nullify it? Notheypuilin thepleabefore the State CVifY, that the liw unconstitutional, and the Court de cides the (question. ThisTJlas! been.d.ae in his Sute a dozsn times the fsnrpotksi of the Sen ator from Kertu cky was the merest iioaginauon that ever afflicted the human1 intellect. T That Senatofa imagination carried him: to the extremity of fear. What fear has fee That Congress would bmak the -Constitution by patting; in operalion'a wicked law. The bill abutninatioos would Come to the 5eftalC) and they would join khe oth cr House in the conspiracy against the nW rf the People and ;the Statefc.lt Then! it rj 3 to were made, ho says, by "the Seoa aod Were $n peachable onlyby jthe Hwbf ftepre?enatif es; Ud therefore they -srere ail wf a piece, ap4 might oooj gether to rerwi ipf to $ . gcaerat ,! lar bU fears reserve nzuwo iuc ytv . - - ho rpoke in the abstract w violent suppusitLKU? man t .k! atic4 Wabuaes him had better Tet:re from the concerns of Efe.shul himself p. Pvfc1! himself from association with hiSiland, lest ihe first inaaeSshodiappea in meet isaou j i;t ,Tif.i Because the- Jur dknaritaa? tuni traitors , to the Government land f 'min ji. ..4 iriltivR department mayf support thexri in their treason, shall we have ZZ1lJlZZ- v iSHU wa therefore uwouse all the bondd of government, and return to ajatate of anarchy t : Because Cabers may rn.iV and mothers prove monsters, shall we abolish those dearirelationt, and extinguish those sparjd chan tien which they enkindlrt and cherish ? Shall wedraWiTules of civil ind social conduct irom uchlvioient i suppositions? After all, We must confide, to a greater or less extent, m oor fellow men.l more or less we must trust to others every motnlnt of our lives. Shall we then sit down in inuMui pase.tnerelv because our confidence may be'ab&sed? Rather should we use the best means which our 'Maker has given us to plant such safe guards as we cap around our Constitution : and Uf wive iiqtctraiturs.to ourselves, if we dig not our own graves we staUAe free and prosperous. But it is said that the judiciary is not compe tent, from its organitation, t settle political con- tWves:pby..p E? nVery poWrtm tiuu "ji- Dm Chief Jusuco waranan uwu .. w j-r iu ihe i speech; I cited by the Senator from Kentucky, tliat the Judiciary could not decide a ?uestion arising out of the Tariff laws? Never, lis head was. two sound for that. Besides, a po litical speech, is not the best authority which can be 'adduced for judicial opinions. lie nuneile i not a little- when the Senator from Kentucky in troduced it as authority. When he came to look at it, he found ii was a speech made i in Congress, in high party times upon a case which involved great poUttcal and party excitement at that daV the case of a British subject who was seized as a deserter, given up, and put to death. . Bat he rejoiced to find that the illustrious individual who rnade the speech referred to was perfectly at horn? discussing; the views which he took of it displayed the soundness of his head and thapu ritof his heart. To come within the destrip, tiou(bf the powers coafirtned upon the Judiciary,) a question must V he says, " assume a legal form, for foren uc litigation and judicial decision. There must be-parties to come into Court, who can be reached jy it process and bound by its power; whose rights admit of ultimate decision ; by a tri bunal to which they are bound." Tho case must hare a legal firm, and parties, and must be sub mitted to the" Court there are all the forms whffb are necessary to place it within the powers of the J uiiciasy VVhea something is to be adju dicated, something to be given and taken away, and then the Judicial power may be exercised, though the case result from a treaty. In the dis pute concerning the North Western boundary, referred to by the Senator from Kentucky, there Wi-r? a parlies hut tho two States. But the ca: e made by South Carolina has all the attributes which the doctrine laid down in the speech re ferred to, require. Tho Tariff la wis individual in its effects, Sf makes parties by which the case can be submitted to the coujft. A merchant belouging to New ; York so journs in Charleston for commercial purposes. He i.np r.8 goods from Great Britain. Ho is roi i red, to pay the duties on them I j 1 have done,; continued Air. FrelingUuysen, with this part Of the case. For the purpose of keeping all puer in check,' the "Judiciary was established. The trainers of the constitution Imped tobtain, ihrougli it, a peaceful mode for ibu adjUdttuent of all constitutional qnstions. In a country of wider extent than all Europe, and embracing under one Government many distinct communities, they hoped to secure perpetual peace and tranquility by this arbiter of I peace. Compare the operation of this p aceful check with the resort to whieh Europe is accustomed for he preservation of tho balance of f power. Must we have the sword or the court sis our ar biter ? Europe has tried tbe &woru j and has shed rivers of blood in the vain pursuit of tbe bal ance of power.- ' f j We rel upon the pf aceful energy of ouf tnstituj turns. Europe, on tbe thunder ot iter cannon,and the! danger of her arms. Poor Holland is about to pay dearly for jthis balance of power, f For two hundred years it has deluged Europe with blood Here We have it in a peaceful tribunal, by which .theJtranqUjUityof the country, and the safety of our institution, tnay be preserved for years to pome.' Just arid certain retribution will come upon those who destroy this peaceful arbiter and set up the sword in its 6tead. Here is ; tho sys tem, sir, as I understand it, as I honor it, arrd as I,'With my latest breath, will maintain it. I re gard this system as by far tho greatest political uiefsing ever given by Providence to any peonb. Tor it I trace all our happtties au tT y I n pjupcriijr, waeu our mountains are, an luil, and our streams running o vtr, do not let a sister State rashly overturn tbe institutions which are the sources of Our happi ness. ; How painful is the crisis which seeks dis bhibn y and which would snht us up : into dis grcea a'hd bleeding fragments. This, tiuilifica lion, if u prevail, will yet meet a tremendous re tribddon, in the execrations of future times. i Is not this, continued Mr. F., a plain question, w lie ther the Constitution confers the powers claimed;, npon : tho Federal Government ? He carpd not how :it was frametli whether the States made itllur the People, in their brimarv in tnia fiav. ca our o. . i - -asmblics. How does the bond read ? If that giv tne power, it is enougn : tor the mstru went was made by competent authority. I cling to the bond with a Shy lock's grasp. ' I care not how it was executed : here is the seal affixed to it. H will exact the last tribute of iHvt er which this instrument confers upon the 'General Gov ernment. ! ' I j jt is, after all, continued Jllx. F., a; delegated power. I maintained, that the people 'inteii'ded toi ct in the business. There was no- sovereign ty ibdut it. although learned gentlemen H-re pleased to call 'this a political Convention among sjyjereigutie l maintain, that as wo gave u tho old Confederation the People ie'verted tu their primitive bowers. They knew iwhat they were about, when, acting da their sovereignty, thy clothed this Government 'with; powers There was one 'class of their nvCeres: which it was riecessary; to : cherish and tdefend at hocicr, and was conunitteed to the care of tbrf State . Brecative and Lgttiauirew There Was anotnet diss which was so mingled with tlw greater interests of the w hole cotmnumtv these they eatfustei to the General Gera' uifnr, which was lully invested1 oy jyj veluon with ExucuUae, Judical, ail Legisla. tivp powers. IkHli were ithel with auincient power to piut ani prcjenre the general tatej t -e" Uegisiaturo of cf 5mUi Carolina ioci u, her sphere ; the Fedexd Government fres in iu snero. If either attonrpt to traverse m tbo track the other, tbe Federal Judiciary it; o f leck and bring back the one that eacruach. eg -The aystenitsas orderly and as taolodiona as. iur planetary system, ot' waich the San is the centre, jtis imiy when States, in their exce&. stfe jeaVusy,un a tilt against ths laws, that uiscrder can cnane. It is. vn'y w4e Suw v 7 asint trGoverHnletjt; ihathe 5S4lltW t8 .T fA:ir!pni as to the nsulation sovereign ana r-H"-;,;.. iC-Mi.. of herein conceriis; but le 'IIT, TT she thrusts her head bctweea-.e cu rnmentand its'!1 Eg tor -rentleuiea to etum toieir noui, -- carl how the Stale -SoyerenUea agaift Aiow It era. .-I jbUcordimttd.) I - .it Si. ifjiOit MEXICO. .-L: ' It- 7 i" - i. . ,4f Jfpw Orleaic si rru aUw Tntvhc Crnm Vera 5 Crsri Jar- rived here yestMayV bringing adTtTrpm k.t o,tj- r i ho 7th. and from tho ctnital to ..CrenJpEOwnfwlj'16 Resident had hot yet tak.en his seat - I Ai On the niTht of the 26th Decenibet the of th d run of Mexico deciarea in favor of ie.ikvalctar Ckiventioa"ejiiorcd into by! Santa Anna and JSustaincrite.1 ya tho receipt ot this newsj by th4 - acting Fxcxideni- Altsquiz, 1k convened j both Houses of Congress and tendered fhLj 're signation,, which was accepted, and h4 'fcs jiredj to pnvatc Ufe. j i 1 J Oruiie 2J o? Jantiary two divisions of the opposition forces entered the city, and were received, it is said, with Enthusi astic acclamation by tho whole; popula tion. I . I- : . I !. 1 . 1 LATER. j I Wc have received from a corfespoiident at Vera Cruz, papers of that city to tie 5 th' of January, which furnish us with 'fall ac counts of the pacific triumph which; Gen. Pedraza has obtained, 1m joyful reception at the capital, and his entering upoa the governbent of j the Republic. j I After the amnesty had beer fbrnied, the supreme legiumato , government was Instal led at Fuebh on the 2Gth of December; and on tiie 27th thp garrison of tho city of Mexicd, headed b J. J. Herrcra declared in favor of Pedraza. The speech bf Pe draza at-the establishment of the rjetf gov ernment, i3 beforo us. Jifao York i jLuly f- i -H i LAf EST "FROM HOLLAND, j Tho bng Alexander, Pendleton, prired at Boston on Wednesday, from Dieppe on the 29th Deo. Captain Pendleton- Urought j no pxipcrs, but sutes that tne impression prevailed in Holland that a geiraral war was inevitable, and that tbe Dutch would be as - sistei by Russia, Prussia, and Austria. The latest fumor-when iho A. sailed was that a ti4oai aiuijr j march to the frontier of Holland krid Bel- gium. f In our accounts of the fall of the Citadel of Antwerp, little has been said of the nurnber-pf lives lost on. eitlieir side. Capt. Pendleton reports that the Ipsd on the part of the French was computed at from 16,000 to 13,00a men tho los of the Dutch unknown. Ten thousand! bombs were tlirown at the citadel, which destroy- ed all the provisions and water of the be- sresed. GenUChasso defended the? citadel for two days after the destruction off his pro visions and water. I l The Hival which sailed from f Greenock for Oeperta, n the 2 2d of November, with a-crew, of 33i men and 523 passengers, for , service oi Lion fedro, was lost oa the 4th ofj December, near Gal way, and every one on board perrshed. Tiw paenger3 were principally mechanics, journeymen STSI?8' f4cavers an,d abin-cs from the different towns and villairfesl in tho villages in west of Scotland; but principally tibm Gal- way Portugal, ; . Tho accounts from Oporto are to tho 15th ol Dec inclusive. I t Thd blockade is still kept up the Roy alists tho south side of the Douro, com- an?1f river; a prof that! it j Jia3 in a'greatjmcasure proved an inefficient n -IP P I- r t ruS- SCVce! On tho morning of the 13th tho Miguelitea , vuft "U4C mini) nnthnnt ntnrtvnmn U. ft. pletely ruined from the effect of the shot, otherwise than tho cannonadinjf,?thcre has been ho softie or battle. ! H DOMESTIC j .....;.. .4 Facm the Purlland Couieir, Washington City, Jan j VI, 1833. ? To the editor bf the Portland Courier in the Alarinefs Church Bailding, secdOn story, eas tern eud, Fore street, away down east in the Stale of 3Iairre. ) I I ly kind and Gear old iriend the Presideut, ijjessdge to Coogress tnake cracking work here. MriQrihoun shows his teeth hkeia?hon. Mr. McDuffie is-as cool as a eowcumberj though thev say he's gota terrible teaincst inside if himjthat helUetouttloog. For my part, 1 think the President's Message is about right. I was setting with- the President in theelsT room last nigh t, chatting about one thing- aod I another, and the President, sa he. Abj; Downing, have you read my passage that 1 sent to, Confess; t0 Jay. told him I hadn'tj Well, si jhooUuke to have you to read itind give ine your opinion upon it.; So he handdd it tomoand I ot down mad read it through. ' i .- -And whea l got through now aaja CCmexal otijesi what I tkinkoX there busmea V hen i waaa youngster, some cf us Downing ville boya eaed to go down Sebaga! Pond evefv SDlinor ana hire uuta. mimih J . . v , .UUIJ(7 MXT' afffOUUlA Pnnil Art. I . one time laud ikraim,aid Joel, and BUiiJcJ.ni,! .T cousin three more ot ns had each a whopping great C hiugop and dowo pretty considlrlblo5 bad2 we agreed to bqng 'eni along side'an I i side and or toil exa together and driv somcf thulo piasj in the oatex moaipsand row over?2er " We wentaloniwoor ih4 "4. Bat by and bvTlhll J S3 rwpu. He was always an hea7ru .r. flway. tburevcryJboKeil to was a hn-o Tn Zr ZT 3r T 1 1 instled into the licart Of every child, as I f b ? '3 WM i sacred principle, by every It done in tho city, and several hduses com fi. ' cf. ' -L i j Vi v i J J alay rt33d WcurplaUiin that I thlt buVs bad wyfebuttcf on theii"4rtd tlnii ii t -V en, mn wa lowtag wi ine eeward -Vulo .if mii ' . .c I ; t iur uesb,auu u huuiu i(;moih iiij peace t'n if us cbanlred aides with Wmjl 4vV Well U ill had nrt rowed bat a J.itle ; wt. ttxA ApifiTfA that side Wenlli!kMA".Tii. . - .' t : .i i ".i - uai Iiijl. and he xersaLX u't touch tar row Ion that T.t T. sh-Bild claredif we did rt t chahsre i tviiH 4iir minutes. lied cut the lashingn take iJ ndjnddle off alone;1 nd bdorVi we kad :LM time to turn-ronad,1 declifcdtUt iCp minutes f cre,ou and up hatchetadcut iizi fnga, and.awaf went Bill on frUj,,, rolling about, and dancing like a monkey to keep f ca i thef uppers sidh Tlit ia Jrl scraniblcill. to well .w.e "ccnld, $n;l . ia Jt oaf logs fjogethcr again' though we jiad z 'it) match i . fat it. the wind Slew soliard. 15'i j,a4 gone bat a little ways before Jus log rgui to -y !mraaqaraore nu uy ana oyjin e nXsLUti I head and ears He cam uj, pn ffing a n'd'bKiir! and got JMJ of the Jag acdtried tocttml b. to it, but the more lie tried the thorh the ijt led and finding it would be gphe goole wiUr j? mfghty soon. He staid then? hd bgan u S out like a furn for cs hi come' and take him W1 vm m,u iuc un nuuN lull U WC i ' take his log into the raft sgab. 1.,0 "says 111 row on either sideer bulhi .sides if joy rao to, if you'll only come aad : heljme IcU sink. i ' rt-nVt?m Dut,;said the President, 1 11 yoalld nW the fbolisli rascal out lill he got; a pretty P sakwg lie get soaked enough hedrts weg hun, says I, for he was jest readytq. sink for last time, and or logs Jcome pretty near : g ai scatteredand if they hal woKShonlrall gon j the bottom together t And 0w imcral tbij ieet wiiat I think; if vou let South Curolirj the lashings you'U see aucb, a loer ajU'mg in jr, ! countrv as yoia never see yell' The old Gins started up and marched across the&or U; Says he. Major "oWningshe slant cut thef ing while my namelis. Andiaw Jackam, Sanreot Joel tovJluVtjny to aleep their na9fe&JtiffeQJL!&$m thry sl bo ready to a mojientri warorng. j ' f ' I wish you w'o jusf & EphniafJ to Augusta a jog.to.know why he d.u mo and let me know tho legislature U getting - long. ; '. ' - . j I remain your loving friend. 't MAJOR JACK D'JWMXC. t i! From the CCnstilutioniliit Mr. Ramsay: t send yoti one or twosbcr extracts fiom an address lately delivered 1 fore the Students of the University of jTCaif villc bv Doctor UndsJoV Trcsideht of 6 in istitutioh.' In giving then a place in virc paper, they need no cxmmentr for true and sincere American, j bosom, ? glow with the same feeling and evcrjl 1 tiiotic hcatt adopt , hq i sentiment as ; own. ; i -ll ji H - -,j Yk After speaking at length on jdraerciasi jccts, paTncurany tno present agmtca j su i 0f our Reouhlic rw ackk ' : ! - it ! I rri -' ; Tlierc is a magic in a: sound in inas in a country. Who docs ! not loc i countrv the hallowed home dT Kia infir ef his kindred, of his fiiWa sepulbhri' ,. How does it strike the ear and thrill. bosom of the pilgrim in fit foreign m ; wliat citizen of this vast : Rcrmblic. tr j abroad in distant climes, had not ,'fdll i giow of patriotic enthusiasm an! txW tion ninntln. nn f,;rI,ftnVrTUk l.n J name American has greeteihis ears fnsf the voice of t approving t,stranbrs4-or.llu ed with indignation if mentioned in lcti of disrespect or measured , jpraisc?. AnikJ - n. we about to forfeit out. inherited title tofe j glorious praise? Are tvej to bekohwn her' i after as Tennesseeans, pr Carolinian? ; Georgian?, or Kenttickians, or New Yorkr andnotts Americans?! We arc the 'or people on this immense continent whohV acquired and appropriated by uprversil ku- a:Ji'L--1' . a . Americans i lie rest ..are Uanadiifis Mexicans or Peruvians, or Columbians, pj Bolivians, or Brazilians, j We, and we otSj are Americans. . And who so1 base asjtaif! !y to suffer this illustrious name to bd S gedin a dozen or twenty j little party t vincial bye-words to be aoffed at bv'ajl'l world . .!) i. ri I ' tf f H I ho union of the Slates must he c: bo first great maxim of bur poltci wced. It$&urdbe inculcatel :. j. irf school and by every -patriotn It shoull I . J .:. tho watch word ofcvery American, W h engraven upon tho arms and banner "it ft ry party, sect, and institution of.lie lJ It should be heresy, trtason,infarii, to ccs: pas3 itp destrucribnvor toJ impair , iu f-, dafionswr Providence" has placed, us' on a j loft t conspicuous eminence. The cyfa bf t world are upon us. Wo have a glnous assigned us.and deep and danmin ? our trafaroy ifr we fail to perforin t f us has been intrusted the cxperunM'f vcr yelly tried, iwhcrhey a pcopfc govern tJiemselves without kings pr or standing- armiesi 1'us! is allowed enviable: j distinction tdf demoDstrabn tlie largest scale, that any number" "Ii6ifl"of free and equal -cUizeas majt 'A together in peace, and exercise all AeVi rogaUyes j of self government without r mult, anarchy, or domestic : warfare. are to exhibit the ' phenomenon of a c vuuwicu, "ituiugcni, virtuous naiiow without Uccntiousriess-relitridn without a Iigiousj esUhlishment---odicnt toht ministered by citizen magistrates, the show of official licioS r without 1 the aid of mercenary leiua4'1"' janizaries Wo- hav it in j como is 5 instruct the world m tho science and m art of govcrnmehtJ Shoule'wc marcb ward in tho'career'of rjcacetul philac; pby which Heaven seciua tii rave dffU cd and I marked put for us :wat an ahlo inhcritanco shall wc nQt? c the latest generations, in tliaj I.o i Jfir" iiniversajiy honourcd-i-halloicd naiaj America?? : -'.:;- .-J J r A bear was kilicd neai tiacc Uraiii-'1 n't iicchangingsoB i.e k? tel. IN . U.. on the 23d Decenlf, rfhjcfr V cd after bein dressed, C43CT7b , l -'H- H 11 ! I i i j . ' : t,. l 1 i; : . 5 : i i t i ' It m . t 44 : f ' ' " - - t ! -' I? :;;!; ! i- ii : ' i : .I - ! ! II : : : I; . !H f ; ".. . j i - r