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a i.
.
a
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1
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I':
Pa
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ft
by ?i iiiLToy c. j oxBgv
f brt htiMdr milnuuit from SInd.
;S We We jearbttrf.
toii. 7 r-jr-.-"" t . pn fnT lftSS man one
nosatwcrtpu
k : AaTenlsins- will be done a thftnsual rates:
1 Ka sulwcriptj. will withdn xvn unUl arream-
1 If SixsferlbcM piyin? the whole sum, m su
I iife hkv thd Watihmatt at $2,50 lor onfe
li. .1 -tM.Jil iH,m! ntaJ nftprwirds.' i 1
K Alt lftrrfio Miiaitot:must be; Porfaid or
Kfl vaii((w-ww the Editor on the busine
1 4f the 0fl1rl will ad4m& hini as Editor I of the
Ulfmii'r4tk't that othg
L Wtiuiiniwa direct to III C. Jones. -
li Iji hBl AlV the ibbwrmtions talced before th
f-otninmnent of this paper.it wUl be fmfm
fSiMW doejoalthe publicatioa of the first
JMiTCP CLOCK
STlLLi camea cn !the above boaineea m it
Various branchesj. In the houfprmerly
wiB!ed;bv t James B. HaaiDton. one door above
"Murphy i store; lie iVcon&lent by his long expel
i edjje'of hh trads and; thinks that hisj work will
1 tUe 1st Weill id bvl inT Mechanic in the State;
flnrg.: maw lie iaa a itiim a LiAUku4 "V":
j He M un hand a Small aaaortraentyji Jewelry
lV-n iifvAt tvrwltte.b he will sellbheao. I f
! He k thantfal fir pist catom andtiliM)licit8i
I'i'-ijbafetotf 0e enstonii oho9e who.haveusej forhia
J irlel r le Will wHirint hit work to jdo well for
.twelve
1 :. K
riii:sansy,
Hf i t-ffthe Subscriber respectfully j bes
i&Lw i-i '.'i.v tk "infif bk OLD CUSf
T,Ui) UrOMERS and ihe Public geaerallyl
ililiiJHfiiie continues to'keep that j
t liATldG A1TD spacious BinrxD
I siNG,iTonT2nsAST coituira op
I M ! COXTnToHOnSi: SOUiUlE,
a vi ft K (; Tf Vt JV. -TffiZ CEXTHE
X)7KXt at all
! His ITABLB and BAR are as good the
Ularet atftrds, His ROOMS and UKUDIISG,
ioferlt tlis 'STABLCt large and
cnirement 'well supplied rtth Provender, and
Teu-litiehtitiii : 'Jk l ftd ! horses.'" Newspapers
''fediffentiofjthe United States are ta
0ath1s KstAStisBMtWT,: for thej osefof4he
Public; and nd exertions will be spared by the
t Pr tir'..it rt render hjs gnests comtortabie.
1 WPKhftrotrh N.U. 7
TWADDILLj Jr.
ftT Persons travelUnjr through this place,
ctJri4cStsge, iriU find at this Elouse;
r6ftiptjShi6n,
and moderate ehargcs.j - - J. W. jr; ;
:-iHifi;"jrifittf 1 ' J - i I
Seminary in Malewilte.
TH odrtlwraecebf $lr. CaWwell' i death, t!
Jl jgxbrrbes of the Female Seminary in State-;
ville, will be suspended until the first Monday:
.toJanuarjVlii 1 -I i .--' j
4 1 tyiwf$ &s Heretofore.
Instruction n ithe Piano Forte, by iAliss E. J;
Bakeri $0. Some difliculty has always - been
procHiring boadjng lot to large a namber
o.'y.orn Iadiea as4end f thts Sclioolv'conse-f
eaentlV it would be I hiehry irratifyinff! to the
V.k r- fir. wli,'
FlCTOZ-ZlTu
iTilS"' rir.rLUCL7"i!iThe repeal ot the Edict bf U
lIV.iM foitoilnhA f that kirti" thiiS"u,: 'Sr.'"." - i in woueuioeu
fFsdll
ml
A. CALDWELL,
..V ':
J. BAKE2,
-I n
Tekchers.
SlatesTiIIe,Nov- 144-tfl 8
o-partnership, heretoture f xisUng be4Aj
ntween me Duoscnoers, in me town oi 4ior-:
gartton, Uurke Cwnty, in the Mercantile busi4one hand. it is said bv those who are noosed to
Moisbptildhei liquidated and settled, either by i
payrneat or note -as soon as practicable. !
; 1-
m4t
S i :
K. C. PEARSON.
rt G. Pearson, thankful iar
past fa-'
vtit mNrhhisfnend8 ankthe public.
that he
Awill continue to carry 'on the business in Mor
-anjohi that he'has just received, and I is reoeiv
lt Sll' Worneit .W every-bramm of his
f Iiaa of Business; and bjf his unremitted Attention
jo lfi bosihess ahdjeheapness of. hiij Goods, be
.Kopes toj ensnre athej eontmuance oif a liber
al shire of the patronaire of a generous public.
iU PATE O 6RTli-CUHOLIiA:
,OHAWOO0COUNTiV-uperior Court
w
;A.D.l&2.
--:.t
ft
iWtlham Green 1 i
if is -case it haying been made appear to the
tisfeeftoh of the cxiur that the defendant Ke
ah'GreehjreddeftWitWitiKAi;m;o if tu:L.J
VH v:;Eari iiocess of the law can
ESU1 therefore, ordered by the
fiP!1 made in thf-Oarohna
Vhnian,"andin thp "North-Carolina Specta.
orndryestejrn Advertiser for the term Jfmree
nionthsnmifying the defendant to be and 'appear
:a.t jnpibr. .diiri' -bfi. LaWto- 1m held Iforthe
Corj4iyVerat the Court-Hohse uv
Vaucsvriler Ton the second Tuesdav after th
fourth; cnidayih March next, then juid here io
0'4i a4ief or'idemor! to'the petition' of the pe-
vnp-rjljouerwise guogemejjpro conjtao, wul
be entered
fetorder&l that the Editor H
thesd; papers; btV requested to forward the-1
jpap;;tultiiis
ofilte
i during. the saida thrte
. i'-f.Jl-iii
0HIiB.LOVE,l'k;
- r
n - - i --- . 1 ' ' I ta tfiat Jeyenu ttaodaii fur Uic! t& cf-pmental T3ec Wtrjicifl flar this f otag; greaf ,-ui ffiufH-P-'Sntfjk ltirotjin tlxis wpeUal tr-.
" . - - r - r1 rr- : 1 1 t ? ; i r 1 i r- - ' ., - - i n
'V !
3.
-I
11 i. . i 1 ! I. 1 !' ' .1, I '
Salj9bury..l.. tard1y, cH3t;
t i tfvM HFi'i 5iar r f I
WMurw7T "f,.
jTuesday, ' ukryp.
Mr, Clay7 ce and addressed the Senate toth
1 yest'frdaT.sIr. rare notice thai I should' ask
leave to introduce a bill to " rnodiiy the various
acts imposing duties on imports. i:: l at the same
time, added; tnat l should, vitrtltpe permission
of the Senate, offer an explanation of the prin
ciple on which that bill is founded, iowe.sur,
an potuuYiHi io! oenaie lur iuis? course ui ac
tion, because, although strictly parliamentary.
it is nevertheless J out of the usual practice of thii
body; but it js a course which I -frost the sen
ate will deem to be justified by Che inter sting
i 1:LJ L-a. -ill f - '
nature of the subject. I ris??, sir 'on this
occa-
gion; actuated ny no motives ot s private nature,
bv no personal objects; but : exclusirely ' in obe
dience to a sense. of the duty wuch I owe to
my country. - I trust, therefore, that no one will
antfeibate ohbiv-oart anviambitious display, of
anucipaieufnypari anymDiiKs cispiay. .VM
such humble powers as I f&p.m&J
sincerely my purpose to present a-plain, unadorn
ed, ana nagea statement oiiiacis conneciea wiui
the measure which f shall Save the honor to prb
nnse.j and with the condition of p the country.
When 1 survey,1 sir, the whole. fece of our eoun-
j try, I behold all around ode evidences of , the
most gratifying j prosperity, a 'pAispect which
would seem to be without a cloud npon it, were it
not through alii parts uf the! country there exist
ffrfat dissensions and unhappy distinctions. Which
u mey caq possiDiv oe reiieyea ana reconcued or
aujr uiuttu buiitfiuu ui jugisiaiioji auapiea to an in
terests; and regarding the IVengs uf all sec
tiunii ouiiht to be qrdeted; and leading to which
object ajp ' mVasure ought to be well recsiv-
In presenting, the modification of the Tariff
laws which I am I now about toj submit, I have
two great objects In view, ly first object looks
to the jTanff. . j am comrkjfed , to express the
opinion, formed after the most, deliberate reflec
tion, "and oh a fujl survey of the! fwhple country,
that, whether rihtfully or wrongfully, the, the
Tariff stands in j imminent danger' If it should
even be preserved during this session, it' must
fall at the: next Session. By what' circumstan
ces, 'and through what causfj has arisen the
necessity for thi change in th' policy of our
country, I will not predi now) to, elucidate.
Others there arefWho hxay diflrw)m the im
pressions Which ray mind has received upon this
point, jOWing, However, to;a ya)ty of concur
rent causes, the Tariff, as itfioWj f xists, is in im
minent danger, and if the systera'can be preserv-
I ed beyond the net session, it rntfat be by some
means not;now wunm rne reacn0l human sa
gacity J The fall of thafj p6HeJri sir. would
be prudoctive of eonsequences calamitous indeed.
When I look to the variety of I interests which
are involved, to the numberof iridividBals inter
ested, the amount, of capital invested, the value
of the buildings erected, and the! whole arraaee-
ment of the business for the prosecution of the
manufacturing art which have spuj5 up under
the fostering care of this Governtbent, I cannot
contemplate any vil equal to the sudden pver-.
tnrow ot antnose mterests. History can pro
duce !nd parallel to the ; extent I of fthe mischief
uucc u panuie o uievcxient j oriue misc
iwhh wouldbe produced by such f disaster.
persons. The mp6t respectable I bprlion of the
population of r ranee were condemned to exile
f and min by that measure. Cut inf hay opinion
sir, rne sudden tepeaj or the l antt policy would
bnnTuin and destruction on Tthe 'whole People of
r ims country. i nere is no evii.-ina my opinion
equal to the' caisequences Which .nyould result
iirom enh t?cf mnhA s i
WhaHsir, are the complaints Winch unhappilv
aia ua ke Kia iiiw .k"
s?i- rrw:pj-ii.i. :iL.!....i. i.-j;L it
taxes a pvriion vt- tne
iiidustrythatit is to
that there! is to be jm
end to the jsystemt which,' right; or iWronff, is to
be urged to their inevitable ruin, i: And what is
the just -complaint, on the other 3i4nd . of those
who suppjrt the Tariff? It is, tliat jthe policy of
the Government is vacillating and ujncertain,.and
ihat there Is rm stibilify.in our leisation.v Be
fore onefjstof .books areUiairlv;bjK?hed, it be
comes nfcfssary to close them, indtoopen a new
feet- B6(ce a laWcanbe tested iexperiinent.
another s bassed. i Before the pfisflit law has
gone into operation, before t' fs yejf j4ine moriths
hl.l ntsspn kit it was under circumstances rof ei-
traordinary deliberiUbn, the'fruitj of nine months
labor, beforp we khow any thing M its experi
mental effects, and even before it Commences ; its
Operations; we are required io repeat . , uo one
fraught with ruiru jon the other; sdjTtne check
how rniposiedon enterprize, and the itateof alarm
jnliichlthe public mind has hkf ihruwn, ren
ders all prudent men desirouSjloktng ahead a lit
tle way, to adopt a, state ot ipingspn tne su ;
fcllity of lWlbich they may have! relilon; to count:
uch is the state of feeling on iheohe side and
on the oiner. i am anxtons'i to ; noa ouk same
principle of mutual acjommiclatkm, to satisfy, asj
stability til our legislation and atl isonie distant
4ay--but not too distant, wben- watase into view
lhr"magnituac .i tne interests iwntcn axe lnvui
Ved -to bring down the rate of ' duties to that
ieyenue Standard for which our opponents have
o long contended, j ine oasis on iwnicn i.-wisn
io found this modification tsonjEjbf tinier-and
thn several parts of Uie bill t which 1 arovabout
Jo call the attention of the SenatfeJare founded on
Iis basis tif propoiseto gtve.ptotttonto
ogr
time .for a- eradual jJCtionr-vUMond
e; -and on
- .
' the ether- proposing to teioceiUsW of duifet
suaiiuiaciareo-.arucies, auqtai0 iprcviivu, wi i k y . r I
Hogthoqtirae, wMch, oimparM with tbaitflgth i ifeoinieng,eoTio scneme ior--f
human life; is very toWU butjwhich tis ShoTt, Ui the Tariff couM jave been rnore ; a
f. prbportten w illegitimate discftionlH .every visedto afiecCits pofyasesthan that w
tv'se ani parental itrtcn hfl"oVeTTWalsei l&uiated the reyeniue;Sikd tn-additids
MirPniT tt.!ot;ii'ixi .v" inUiilkh 1 4Mi sliu.-;?iT rthatilift exbenoiture tli Ou
to Uat reyenuei
of the ejstca feaVo-
no w proceed to
tlcrfi to
Mr.
tico Of the billriitKc voitiEhlciiitnMl
found below." According to thi8eetKin.:iie Saitf
seoaie 'oariw. na wsjat uraw laeir aiica-1 Mf -uc ib wjoi i win oe, i nirce,uL mor,
. , .,u- . v ' -fc . .N:-. ulJ I-lI.. Hr..r ' i JV . -V-T. -'
tlfetttft crkraeterof thebaic hi A jeara fcHYet ia had been estiina
Clay itfien'broceeded 4o?read iSrst see-?! w oria&am ammnte, nded aocltj mt
5oine down taihe rereouA atandalfdtthWcnalcitTfeW W asked pardon feattba liisiMon. anal
ilwitdclwn to loarowh tiianuactarea,iTf ftich m
k4r .14 .t ..i.;MW;-;AM4?i l
time S ClaV rdcanitalated the Provisions f t
4oer secuonSy ana
how they Avould
Air. Clajr ;Wen
apofl the section
would be recollected
vision of GbnrfeM with lb e.
.concession to'trje Southern section
low priced yoollens those sup
the 'consninpuen of slates and
duties on woollens, the 4uty on-Uemeduc
ed to five per centra wwld be aid eodlected
that atthat time the ffentlerries from' the South
ed to five per cent. .It would
uaasaia uiu concession. was oiao uouiicoc,
I 3 . -l i J- I ,! ' - I
and that they did not care fori?, and he, believed
that they did not
importance. I As
purpose for which
mon class, he thought it ougnt to oc Drougni, Dacs;
affain.and placed by the side Uf I thej other
SCnpUOnS OI WUUlItJilS, aim wauo uuujcvi vo ur
same reaucuon 01 amy as prupuoeu uv wis . ec
uon. . ' ; - .1 hi i
Havinir next read- through itue third section of
'the bill, MrJ Clay -said ,that5 ifler T texirtibo -I
of a term of years, 'this section laid' down i rule
by which the duties! were tp be .reduced to the.
revenue standard which . had been so loner and ( iso
earnestly contended for. Until otherwise di
rected, arid In default of provision being made &r
e wanU of; the government tin a rule was
thus provided fof the rate oV duUes thereafter,
Congress being m the mean time authorized to
adopt any other rule which ' the exigencies of
the country,, or its j financial ;cidifioff, ) might
require. That is to! say, if,' instead of the duty
of 20 per cent, proposed, 15 'or 17. per.- cent, bf 1
duty was suicient, or -25 per cent should be
found necessary, to produce a rcyehde f to 'defray
the expenses of an economical ;i adhnistratiob of
me goyernment, mere was noxning ? to prevent
either ot those rates, or any other, jrom ; eemg
fixed upon; Whilst the rate of 20 per eent. Was
introduced io ffoardj against any failure on 'the
part of Uongress to make the requisite provision
in due seastm.
'This section of the bill, Mr. Clay said, eori
tamed also ; anotlier clause - suggested by
spirit of harmony and conciliation which he pray
ed might preside over the Councils
s of the Union 1
at this trying moment. It provided (yhat these
persons who are engaged ib manufactures: have
so lung anxiously required for their stearrty) that
duties shall be paid in rea ly money and I we
shall thus get rid of the whole j o that credit
system into Which an inroad was mkde. in ., re
gard to woolens, by the Act of the last session).
This section further contained n proviso that
nothing in any part bf this Act 'should be con
strued to interfere with the freest exercise of the
power of Congress to lay any amount of du ies.
breaking out between this
country and any foreign Power,-.'' S -1 II
Air. (Jlay having then read the fourth section
of the bill, Sard that one of the considerations
strongly urared for a j reduction ofthe Tariff at
this time was, that the government' was : likely
to be placed in a dileiuma by having an overflow
mg revenue and this - apprehension was the
ground of an attempt totally to change ..the pfif-
lecuTo policy oi wie country, a ne seciion
which, he had read, Mr. Clay said,; was an effort
to guard against this evil, by relieving !altbgeth
er from duty a, portion of ; me articles of iuh
port now subject to it Some of these, he; said,
would, nnder the present rate of duty upon therh
produces considerablft revenue; the article; )!'
silks aloue would probably yield half a million of
dollars per annum. If it were possible to pacify
: . . j: 1 : l -. .l:
present uissensions, anu iei inina ia&e X
eoursej lie believed that no difficulty need
apprehended! If, said he, the , bill -which s - this
body,passed at the list session of Congress, and
has again passed at this session, shall pasf the
other House, and become a law, and the gradual
reduction of duties should, take, place which is
contemplate by the
shall have settled
first section of this bill, , we
two fif not? Ihree) of the
Uwotviio n iiiwu y oivshu aiii vuuiswi jf
that of the Tarifl; of the V ; .licj Lands, and,;
will add, of L.ternal Improremenf also. For, if
there should still be a surplus revenue, that Isur-
plus might be applied, until the. year 1042. to thi j
completion oi trie wotks oi internal improvement
already commenced;land, after ;l42i a reliance
for all funds fr purposes of Internal Improvement
should be placed npon ' the operation ' of ,1 the.
Land Bill to which .he had ! already refer
red. . . -' . ; -j" . tkj 1
It was not his object, Mr. Clay said, in refer-;
ring . to' that .measure i i cpnhecttoiiwith tha
which he was about to propose, to insider tltem
as united m their lap, being dejrous; partibl fcf
he'rni-ht' beto both, that each sltould stand p
fall upon its own intrinsic merits.!'. If this seciion;
of the bill, adding to the number of free articles
should become law along with the reduction Jof
duties proposed by the first Section of the bill, ' i
was by no means suije that we should . have! Shy!
surplus revenue at all, lie had been astonished'
indeed at thef process; of reasoning bj which the.
Secretary the Tieasury had jarrived at. the
concitrsion inai wo snoutu iiayea soquu revenue
at all, though' lie admitted that .such 'a conclusion
could be arrived at inno other way.. But Wiat;
was this process?. duties of a certain rate rtioW:
exist: the amount which, they prodno? is known:!
the Secretary, proposing a reduction of the itel;
of duty supposes that the duties Will be reduced'!
in propoTiion io me auiouu oi lue ; . reuueyou i pi
duty. ;NoW NT-XlCla4 said, if ho calculation
ctsiw be more t cncertaiflman tnat- l npugn,
perhaps me, best that the Secretary could ' have
madeftt vwas; still ill nncertamiHldependent
upon the winds and the waves on ;the mutations I
ot trade, ana on i me course vi commercial : ope-
raUons. It there was any , truth in. political I
oonomy," it could not be that the Iresulwtd
ree with tlie predicuonitbr, we ate!! instructed
by alC experience anat the consumption orany
article is in proportion to the reduction of its price,
nd that, in general it ma v be taken as a rule
T - - j - . . V - . : ,i.r . i , k
that the duty upon an, article firms pjrtion of
lis pnee.
Jill. VMSjr UK lU-Ob HU'
er design toj any oriel ! bur; i if-tt
molljosr
bich thus
i, assumed
vernment everv
X 1 . I ' " . I. L' - . . - f 3 m ..A. .
i year wouia ar v ouc. owe. vauu uny iwif
say trna( ue iuuxre
snowea oy .vanoos musiiauosis i 'rr-- "-j4 wep, ue aggregate - arnouni j i vrM- - m . w ue
operated : m ' i 2 f lrtf!!uo WJiKi;inet;iodaifirderthle 4 oir itwu notprunoanceiaei wprasi or
proceeded to ifead and comroiifi l:g)f. f hrliatllaat-io HtTe; dutie on 1 1 he3ve that sowetbiri wttt "done, abd
jh7TMil:.vftti4a''WE' til-' lSt; I - M 'UJiiaert 'xiksftt.teii lnt a .U,' Uiypea;e ana inteentvlot the Utuua. -'Hie
now consideriit of tany Igreater ; r' w
. thPtefore. it Aaff laueu ot . tne uuw 1410 .Bnon,-
', ttrmm tl-pn mit rf thA mm. I J e amount ot co
fie?
Hni -iJ!hli u'ere propoaedlto -be lert
tree Oldutir. dTkflmTirviAk -I
iorw varied ftjdl 5 to lO'ct. ad alorefb:
Wllh ranee increed. 1raijce!thugh not so
:,wi ,irfil,be" fi' F toples of our
country u;Grea ilrttain, waa al! kreaiffrowinir
CUStOUWtr.4 Hhil Kaon Mn.U ;-... .
.jr ";v "Mi5ucii- whu
to; pro -thisl
I f Which' accidentally. I
iefotWr.iday : Which
period Of . fourteen
nsiimntiunt in FnniP . hf
me great boathem' stanlft AMtnn hA
tfpM. AfrMl was-tiriderstood that the
t renchtlks'fcf thdlower i?nulf n.nlJtv
not susrain a eoWltition with the Chiuesciwith-
out some discrimUatiorj o! this sort. He had
anoersiood, a1s6, that the duty imposed npdnhu
at f $e Session fiad been very- much
complained of on the j
sjdenng all the cirdu
wuh-mumw ut n loe parj ui Krance ; andi con-
msiances connected with
the relatious betwen the two governments,- ii
aypenu wiiufl uesiraoie to make this discrimi
nation m tavoref the French product. If the
Snateahould thmki differently, - he should be
Otfntent. if, intteed, they should .tJiinki proper to
strikeout th2$; seution altogefher, . he 'should
cheerfuily subinif ti their decisiuh:! f
ir After readin? the fifth and sixth nnrtmn.
Air. Clay said, fie would ndwtake. a view of!
some uline objectioris which would be made to
the bill. It inightjbe said; that the act, was
prospective; ihfy itf bound odr Successors, and
that we had no power thus to bind them. It was
true that the act was pfupecti e and so was at
met every act yhiph we ever biassed, bus we
could repeal it tlte hext day. fit was the estab
Iraned usage to give! all acts a prospeoUve opra-
i.on.; in every jurin law, there were some pro
visions wh.ch gii into operation immediatelv. and
others, at a fotine time. Each Congress iegisia
tedapcurdiry io( their own views : of propriety ::
;iaeiracis uw "f101!1 meir successors, but crea-
15" SFCIW ot puonc iaun i wmcn would not
irasnty be broken. But. if this bill should iro in
to operation, as he HoDed even an-imst hone, that
it f mighi, he jhadjriot a doubi that it would be
a .hcred to by all parties. There! was but oue
conUugency which vould render a change ne
cessary, and that wt the intervUtion of a war.
wmcn was provioetor in the bill. The handa
Of Congnss We"re l4ft untied in this event, and
liiey would beat liberty to resort to any mode of
taxauou woicn tney might propose. But, if we
suppose p. ace to conjnue, there w uld be no mo
tive for disturbing the arrangement, but, on the
contrary, every! motive to carry it into effect.
In the next place, it fvill be .obied to the bill,
by the friends Of the protective policy, of whom
uo uciu uiuuseUjUj ueune. ior nis ; mind was im-
muubiy fixed m fayor of that pol
imuuuiiiu jAvri Ul piOfcCCUOILk
tended, in the first place, that a ai
exercise of the power was not an abandonment of
it ; for the power ws in the Constitution accord-
mg io onr meory vf as put thereby its framers,
and could only be dislodged by the people. A Iter
the year, 18 ii, thelbtll provided that the power
should be exercised in a certain mode. There
were tour modes byf which the industry ofthe
;Country could (4? protected : j,' p..
I u i First, the adolute prohibition tof rival foreign
articles. That; was totall v uhatfemntiHl hv the
bill ; hut it was comctent to the f Wisdom of the
Uoveinment to exerf the powr Whenever they
Wished-H Second, the imposition!- of duties in
such a manner; as tolhave ho reierence to any ow
ject but revenu. iVhen Wo had a large public
debt in ISlC; i&e dirties yielded millions and
paid; so mbchj moire of the ldeotl and subse
quently they yielded, bat eight or! ten "millionsi
and paid so mueh les of the debi. .-. Sometitues
We had to trench on the sinking fund. - Aow we
had no pubiio debt to absorb the surplus . reve
nue, and ho 'motive foi continuing 'the .duties.
i man:can lwV atiihe eonVlitUsibf the country
o. sa that wel can carry on. this' system, With
accuQjulauag rev enue, and no practicable way of
expending it: " The: third mode was ; attempted
issr session, in a xtesoiuuon wmcnv ne had the
honor to submit lastly ear,- and which in fact; ui
timately fbimed the" basis cf the act which final
ly passed both iibusfs. r This ;! was to raise as
itiucu reveuue as was wanted for. the use of the
ooveruineniahd nolrhore,' but !to raise it from ttie
protected and ht from the' unprotected articles.
He would say ithat Ee'regretied ost deeply that
the greater partut the country would not suner
mis Dnnciole to orevail and ibefdavz in his o-
pinion, would tome when it wpuld be adopted
as the permanent pjicy ot the country, shall
gu country ? Tojwtect!bul ofii interests in
opposition to Foreign legislation was tlic basis ot
this system.. ITie fourth inode til Which protec
tion could be aftordell to domestic industry was
to admit tree oi my everyrwcieiwiucu aiuea
the 'Operations iof jfihs niantarera - -These
were uie lour moues.ioi pruiecung luoaxij ,
and to those who say that thQ.bdU :ahaudons the
power of riroidn, he Would e i did
not touch that peWel ; and Ithat; the fourth mode,1
so far front being; abahdohed, iSsitended and up
held by the bill j le most that can be objected
io ine oui oy uiose niu wuuui nc uu w-ucjo-ted
to sunrkirt the brikecuveV system, was - that,
in eonsideration jf nihe and a hall" years of peace,
certainty, ana stanuny, me.mauuiactuirts iciui
qnlshed some advantages which 4 they now ' en-
ways reohde for m Uiis and in the.other
llouie? aiJafteyheu)i.hlatiun of capi
tal andskdl, me rnahulacturcrs irouid stand a
iohe; unaided by fh Gov.erametft ; in competi
. V iiirT. tii- .
lbfe conObn'If 'we 'Mtim our ,wjl
clearly fbrnutyWito cornel Wre can safe;y
I'eav4 toposteriii torovlde for Jthe rest. Ifthe
a anu do overnr?owna.iuay jap is u
siontne
e country wffl be" plureda into extreiue
tod
haxhiopvr I v-iuh to see
r r-TT"Tr, -- ".-rr'
' i .l'rit'J'sjJI-.llrt-
?vi'urltA 'mslcA! PJ Din nof ordnosed jrt!i 1 Jut f PMnw
Withe cuuay?i prppu-ed u be rcrMleaylW? the W
posH to! enter iaugTW
e r-lassea S1? Ufcadbeen a sublet
1rta JF 1 W anxwus desilo uf th' him td san iVmr m'r.
oruwr cannot Hro under it, Wou; will be ib
ito.iUoat, trjr it-Mnate a-tait expenokwt
of lt--and U he h&niAiivA mdpr it." U him
cuae acre ihd aawhit hi itf baniaoptand rnfo-
Coultderacy taan tjxctlleni imvince. but i
must be tnaoaged ftrii oe'cacy ana skill . There
were aniafiaite yaxieiy ui' prejudices and Kicat
biteiU u bj regarbed but tie sho'.id ue
made iikud to the CTn;on. .
vlf tite sysieui prJposedJ cannot be continued,
let us try some iaeiaiediii system, before wt
tbink'uf ahy 'other dradfal' aiteruative. Siri- n
wiUheaid,ott the other jianO &r laeobiectians
prdtocuou prmeipa
T"?e 14 i'that the marine-
7, r
tune sUpukied,theeUucuon proposed w.ald
be aiiowed wiaiie; fdieci. -Jn the1 first piaoU
8houkihe iecJllecied the dive&ified luteresUtS jJt
toe country the mtuiU ihts overniniut
Pbch iif.Illiaie,n ot
tor their security ; and the rum iu iwbich rau
and ha&ty iegUKiiion iwuula tuivolve luo.
He would not aUspub -about' terms It woula
uot, in a court of justice, be luaiotained that tite
public; faith was plodgea lor theprotecuon o
manuiactures ; hut there were other pledges
Which men of noiiof aro bouod"by oesxdes ihoso'
oi. waicn me taw can ukc cognizance.; .. . j;
ll we' excite, in our heli!Ub.r, a 'reasonable ex
pectation wnich induces iuui w take a particular
course ot busmesswfe are in honor hound to te-
deem the pledge thus tacitly given. Lau any
man doubt that a largl puhiODoTuttr citizeus he-
iteyed that ihe sjstlmlvoiud -be ernianeh
The whke country eptted U
agaiiisi auy unaugb o tne system propusea py
tne odi, was in the character oLihe unl. asia.
comproihise bet ween two confiieung parues.
ll the Dili should oo taen oy couunon coneut,
as vve hopeit wdl be-4me' history of the reve
nue . will be a guaranty oi its per man . nee. i he
circmnstances uuder whicii'it Was' 'passed Whi
j0 kno wn and recorded and no one will disturb
a sysieUi which was addjted with a view to
give peaceaua tranquthty to the couairy. ' .. f
Xue dtenduiggraaUwus oy wiiicn ne prof
posed to! arrive at tne inuiiimim ot' duties, must
oe giadoai. tie uev er wouid consent to any pecipi-
Ute operaUvU to ocingf distress and rum ou ;the
couihiuhity. '; ,,f J n
iow;said Mr. C viewmg it in this light,
iiappeueu t.iat titeremere 'eight years ami a
hail, and mue years aW k tiaii, taKiiig the ui
lunaie time, Wbicn wiuld he an -ejiicieat pruteb
Uou, tue reuiaiuiuo ' duties would we WitiuraWii
by a bienuial reductionl Tfie protective pnntV
pie must oe said to bejinlsoaie iieasLre, rehu
quisheuav tno'ehdof leigh tears and a hall.
1 uis period couid not ; appear, unreasouaole, auo
ne tttougui mat. no ateuwer oi uia oeuau;,or any
...1. ? i.
portion u the country, tough to inae,ihe shga
test objection, it nowreuuaned tor him to Coh
antees would be tbuwu'iu the circuiusiances un-
der which the measure Would be passed, '"ill.
was passed by cooimoi consent;; if it Was passeu
hituerto supported thrs system, and by a .coosia-
eraoie portion of those who opposed it if ,they
oeciaiea uieir sauswcKi wiui uw measure, ue
had notloubtthe rate of duties uuarantei, wCaldl. -
be continued after t the i elpirauon of the ; ten!
erift,l
it the country, continueU , at peace. ; And, at the
enu of the term, when! the experiment would
have been made of me.efiicieucy of the mode Li
protection fixed by the bill, while the consUta-
tionai quesiiou had been sttfiered to he dormant
, . i ... 4.
if war Should render it, necessary, protection
might be carried up -to prohibition while, if the
comitry should reiuain :at iieace,
and this mca-
sure go into f uil operation, the duties would be
gradually lowered oon to the revenue starW
datd, Which , bad.'; befcn so earnestly wished
lot. V - ;
xi: 13 "X euafantoeV in on
sense of the term, of human lnulihtlity. oup-
pose a diifereiil sute of things in the bouth-f-that
tins beuate, from causes which he should
not'dviil upon uow, but which wee obvious to
every reilecung man m mis. country causes
which had operated lor years past, and which
cutiuuued'to operate, fouppose,' for a mouient.
that there shotdu be a majority in the Senate In
favor, ol the Soumern! - views, and that the)
should repeal the whole system st. once,: whs.
guarautee would we bae that the repealing ot
..
the law would not destroy those great, interests
is so important tto preserve W ha
guarantee would you
have that the thunders of
7u
mahuiaciuters would hot be di-
Wed.ramst youi.becaMerof this aban-J
suie of repeal vvitJumfthVicons
Portion d those who are" interested .in the pre
servauon ot manuiactnres, jou naye ce securuy,
uueuawiiwi iw tuuiij- uj. jnwtw-Hvn
Hill be continued.- Baf U,the meicsUre&houJa
be carried by the common consent of both panics,
we shall have r all security ; history.. Wilt failh
fully record the trinsactiuu ; narrate, under What
circumsiances the bill . yras passed ; that it Was
a pacify log: measure; Ithat it was ssoil pourtd
from the vessel of Jthe fLjruon to restw peace
and birnwny totne i country When all. this'
was kndwn, . hat Congress, what Leghdature,
would mar the guarantee r v at uan wno
j gtateMuan would stand' up in his place in' either
1 Hildas' lress-and Idistwh this.tteaty of
euuued to deserve xne.caaracier oi an American
- aidaimtv? f
r
4.
- . gft I wilfcnot say thaf it may
l-not: Ukitsturbe'd. All f that I say is, that
be desirea-bv those on the one side oi tne
queisUdn, wtdiaucii'infre'.than tboJe on th
other would have by anb 'unfortunate cunt
dinence of circumstances ? Such arepeal
- jjjjole system, ShOUlQ oe orougnv suoui
x . . hrfifil icnuiescea in bviall
- ' . . t...nn,Mr s i nil ruimi initriii
UBTUQI 1U,UI CVUIIWI 5 t --i-.
w7 . -t-ttt Tr7T i worthy oi hef He thought tho verdict-an
given them, no protection against foreign Jegislatj. 1 . - .r . r , . r"
. A.;Ain ! ;r , L I juugmciu tnufai co against ner. f rom
UUUf U11.04IU t'U.'Vit M JVH Will I UUI I
frcp firwn obiexorihU I
Tt;markeu, bf the cruat Tafb AT
i A " . i r vivui UMUl
Srtl-' wortA, hid, iribe
cJilrtet 1 ot unrlilicrties. and nn,u ;
' i? "7 arucie, toaIi the different
btatcs composing this Union, that the hole
would nave been lejectcd; uid yet, when
"uuib Was prtiseutetl fo-t Kr .
accepted as a whole. He ir. C. ) would
admit that Lis did not get aS
coula wi ,: ai Uip. gtnticnian,tn the otlS
se . di4 ,;ot obtain ail th.y oiight desire,
th would gam ulitha m hhumbie opm
loa Wus proiHrtoue given in the present
condition ot tnuj country It inight be trbe
tbatthxvouMbo .oss4.g,inin thistnea
sixre Jiut bbv was this loss nnd gaia dU
tnbuted? - Among our cuuiitryinen. What
we .055 noToreyufhand gaus; and wnit
we gairt has been n loss to any foreign
foer. s it is among oursi Ives the distribli-
Uun takes phce. 'J'Le distribution is
ed on thut great pnncple of coin. romtse
and coacjon whch lies at th boUoin of
ouxinsutauous, wfdeh gaie birth to the
CbtitnUon itself, land which Vnas contm
ued to regulate us in our onward inarch, a trd
conducted the nation to glory and re
nown, i , '
It remained for him now to touch an
other topic Objero:is hd been mado
to all legislation at this session of Congress
resultrngiromthe ; attitude of ; one ot the
States oi this Confederacy. He confed
tnat hejlelta vbry strong repugnance to any
legislation at all in this subject at the com
mencement of the session, principdiy be
cause he misconcei ved the purposes, he
J1, frbent, explanation,
vui mi uuwuau in t views Under the
inace ol more accurate information, he
lJusl l Uwtthe aspect ofthese things sinc
session hid, in
his opinion, m-eatlv rhnA tvut. l
.came to take his seat on the floor- h hA
supposed a member of this Union had tak
en ny attitude of defiance and hostility a
gamst the authority of the General Govern,
inenW : He had imagined thut she had arroi
fcantly required thdt we shoaid abandon at
vuce a system winch hid long been th
Settled boiicv at thi --..r,.. 4
that she" fwa manifested this feeling, and
rr-w r w iwuwu, ue ur. u.) had m
f onsequeucep telt a disposition to huri ut fiw
uce back again, and? to impress upo', her.
fhe necessity of the Krforniance of her duJ
tlP 119 a mainf.i ..11 IT -
7 rvT' , ,rti vljulvs union, uu: sinco
ma arrival nere, he ipund tht South Carols
na ld contemplate forcev tr it Was de-
qicu aim uenounced by that St de. r; She
disclaimed il audf assertfiii ,tl.t :
f an eioenment Phi
j;-, ; sub ta
i exptrianent
IS tins: ; By a t orse of
St ite leirisi-f in.
. d by a change m; her WdarntnUl laws, sha
- 1?Purma her crvil tribunals to pi
- vent the General Government fWim rU.
out to another power, not tc the sword, but
e awi mustsay, and ho would say
i with po intention pt dbp&aging that State;
ai-A u ..TTrT .
nT. . cs r.TlH!lBWW YTin7
rr. -ayvuyiB 1 uiwi it appeared to mm ex-
isiea against u .. at, the commencemenf of
this t5ejsioa.i Herlpurrwaes areailofa ci
vfl nature. , he thinks she can oust " the
uniteu.atatestrom her limits: and unau&
' - ' mmm mm a u A -. A till ii 1 1 1 I I mm
fionaUv'shd find talr-n wwl .L
1 u.S-ttZZ7-7? 7 "V1-?1?.
decide in ber favot. If we submitted to hekWi
sbould tli'us sbntl -hut poor chance ofob
tahgjustice. Srie disclaimed r any inten
tion of! resorting to force : unless we shiulA
hd it indispensable to execute the laws of
VP" W 'Wfing wrce to lierTIt
South Carolina had chxhgedor rather tho
nw light which hethad obtained, enabled
him to see fier in a diflcreot attitudoond
fie naa.not trniy ' understood her until she
l had passed Jier laws, by winch it was intern-
edto carry ner Urdinance into effect: Now.
i L i . ' . ...... ,i . w
ne venturea to predict tnat the State to
which Jie referred rhtist ultimately fail in her
attempt Jie disclaimed any intention of
saying any thing to the disparagement of tho
State. Far from it. He thoush that sho
had been mhjnferhrxjrate. and Watlv in
j crtor. and to tise the InnmixrT oiV,n AT
ter owp rrioriinaii. mi'ao' issue un-
ona
Continent, byl,:
claraationj as it were, milhfication had becil
" ... w - . . .. .
i put own. ana put aow n in a manner raon X-.
l cuccuioi , uj oil or. ia moiisana wars -or a
thQsand aiauea';!''' by irresistible
force, by the mighty, influence of public
opinion. Not a voice beyocd tne tingle State
of South Carolina had been heard infayordf
l m v. wwr.wf pistes it was a leelinif
1 Un worth v of hfty -A th. m .r
,. . ""tyiuiiiWBW CKM11II
the pnncipleof nullification which she has
.asertedjy'lier owu9rdmace;a&41icWolihi'''
silthar she must iail in her UW suiu Ha
j wOUd iexplress t woj
opinions;,; the first of
is j wj,ich was, that it is
nor possible; for the? in-
genuitjf cf man to deviseja system ox State lo
gislation to defeat the execution ofthe Lws
of the United States; Which eWdnot be cd on
teryailed by federal leUlatioii,
A State might take it upii i herself s to
thrpw obstruction in the way of the execu
tion ofthe Federal Govermaict; but Fed-
era! legislation
quicldy, andfi
can 'follow at ber Keea
J successfully counteract tbo
of 1 corjrse.ol her bWe legisiaUon. I he trim-
i ers.oi cue vuuiiuuuuu luicsaw uiisy anu O0
Cfeh&totiba.jias guarded against if
What,
-.. v.. ....j
i n. it suu c ml is uixiiiicu ui iri jr-u.iA.
i
"!.f
31
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