BY HAIiIILTON-C.-:?
'- - - r TTr-
1 i.-
-1.
..
ar
a 'J
r -it
f I rery week at jW .DcZZar per year, in adr an
, ia hundrea mixes uisiau hi- r-T .-T.
suSsdnptbiJ wll be taken frf legs than on
?iTWr AdTrtisOflpwui oe acme ineu.u4i
HiKfeBio: Willte withdrawn nntij arrears
irj-bnTtore "jhei JFiife&nwmat 20 jor boe
M. r - 31 llll. I ill 1 AIHjCU. C ' UAUA A W m ff AAA W IVV WM
: .I'i tk mm m4ao aft ararT1iX ; 51 js?:-'
i'AH Jettcrs to the Editor must & Post paid tor
. n
Persons addresiriy the Editor tm thebasine?
-of the Offiwi will address him as Editor r of the
'C&dtta JwchmanThtxie that write ion otb-'
;06iiaji direct to l: C: Jones.
iNin. i !ATl the wibseriotions taken be
bre the
HmhceineaVOf aperiit will'be femjn
; kAAAfna 'A nn th rmMi9tInn of the first
JWELltl WORK,
V i'
--!v s'-r;J r -' T
CJTILL I carries on the , aboVel?ustnesat iftj lts
ediei of; his trade and thinks, that- his work -will
ribiicWne k I wll M $f'nj:JVeckaiiic in the State
Ilehaabnt jiiind alioall assortment of Jewelry
: and Silver ware, which he will sell cheabl. Ml:
Vj Mej thankful fuij past custom and tilJ iulicitsa
Boare oi 1 1 he custom bf those who , Jhave use for h Is
; traaeii iite wm wntranthis wori-ioao
well for
twelire i mdntiis; ifj u falls no charge
will be
f r
he Subscriber respectfully , befrb
leaTd to inform his OLD CHS-
TOMERS andtlie Public generally."
;4iat hfilrtinups ta keep that L ;
AUaB AHD SFAOIOtrS BUILD
tXJf CSh r 1T0IITIICAST CORXTBa OP
OF TUB VILUIGE, where he will'at all
nmesrje-napny to jreceite txanpany. ,V y?
-.mm WAUXAZ and Uli are as good as thp
Itttkiafirids. Hii ROOMS and BEDDING.
fefltr; toiione. Mlis 5TAULES, large iiid
r Conveuieni, ?; weiij suppuea wiin r rovenaer, and
jetery! attention. :paid to horsSi Newspapers
rifi dUferent parts of Jiie Uiiitcd, Stated are tit
E . J 1 .A !". IV-. : 1: . I " I f- n '1 x ' ...
jkeii 'at th.EsTiXLlsiiMENT- ftrthe use of the
4FLbli ho eiclions tvll be i sparec) by the
4lfipH6toH!iSrea4erhis guests comfortable. . H
,K,ail32j' ; ; f WADDILL, Jr. rp
I: Porsbti3l travelltnjr fhrouarh this place
t(i cither of the Stages, will find at this House.
4pronapjS attention, cpmtortable aqcommodationa
;aacl moderate ciial-ges. i-. -. , JW
l1
s ,
N ft
ft
irtHK trusteesl respectfully announce i to tha
JUyublicitliatheyave succeeded ip renews
ing tneir engagenteat w ith -AIiss Amelia Thomp
?n to take, chargej of this Instftuti6n.A The
School will gq ihto operation again on the 15th
F : --.' i ' . t " i':' - - 1 - . i . : : i :!
rgj ne tranches' taught m this Academy; are the
uiguHjgt risasni Anmmetie, ue(xrraDhv.
r-P-fir4wyr,'Phil6aophTiTMoral and
i JrJtotxig, Music and the French kanua'e.
V. McBEI, ' 1 '
D. HOKE, , !
CE. R51INIIARDT
J RAMSOUR, v
C. LEONARD, r,
P. -SUMMEY, ; !
r.
i s
i Jr,T:
J- D. HOKE.
1
m H E Co Wtnefehin. heretofore' eitiritr Ytb.
1 J, Jl tween J thej Subscribers, in the town of 5loti I
gnton
uess;
duet
wn wrptniit -wj desirable that the
tohould St ilcuiiMted and settled, eithpr hr
piytacnt or ndie a$ sjbn as practicable
ion - pp.ARcnv
iA
i -
'
Robert Cy fecarson, thankful " for
past fa'
yt)Ty iulonns his friepds and the public.
Aviii
that he
ffWM'iifle business'm Mor-
fMW very;;- branch of his'
tlm oi.usine$3ana by hisunremitted attentuni
Jjhis hfs,;4td cheapness of jhis Goods, he
lbpesjtp 1 ensure!; they continuance ; of a l.bcr
'al thai e of the patronage oft generous '..fcblics
HAVMDpUNTVf.-lSri Coim
;WreenlJ-4Jl; rtk-, .:
Vr- F??!! -nadoappiiar tolhe
, thelticfSdant Ke
Si that thetmlinani r,4 f .i i .
-Ieniit, iTT.tt""! tuw.jawican. not;
lrth-Cardlini Spect
M- "theterraoi'Uiree
iWftl6 bed ippS
Xffityilat the' Cci.lioaSvJ
sJVaynesrUIei-bnpthe second Tuesday ;iftet the
: fef MtjtKen and" thereto
Utwacr, otherwise loiWmint
made iecch;
'Sll,,M. their.
f occupied bjifatn JO Hateptonne ddbH abore
1 rience, that'he has .acquired a practical ! knowK
j;r f; if i .
1T ifT TTRT r T71
i: !m.bti 1"-k-t .MI .ivri! initne oenae,. 1 vs.;v.,-v-i.-j-i
t :iZJ:t -:i 1 r-i wunrv 11 i.tivF' riv. ':ti?.i iu. ' 1 '; . , . -: .... . '-
f .fL ' .. i ttt' a. j awKu, mai ii saw.oosLacieiiio.uie tsarrviDw 1 enu a.iorainf nrotecuon as tar as ue cinuui-auu 1 uitb uouca; .fx ub freiuituiioii umjuiawvii"-
i y:ifttV"?S ; '-'!" :i . ' ' . ? this bill JTttrt rfTpf rr1n-Knrnwt W Afr UmHfimnrrth. rlf-fTTfrt hr'leU'Ptt h'sd lliiiitivhr nnmpr ta aaT thlt ha flSlr. OPPrei
L Mill o'-'
. V , ; H $i !JN SEATf- r
tv . ;UHWOTdayfKebrt:5.'
The'bili to'modifr ihls ket of hi W i tk.iyi
July; ipi.,aKi jiU.feiietlmpostQg: dotie'em
tinportal wa3 read aiHixhlmd the qaestioit
pemgoji iis passage,
ments tp oppositito to the;bflK-f He piid, in the
commencement, a tribute to the iittritvP ipal Rnd
jbility bC the Senatorroni iKIntucky, 'for whom
he had; solemn entertained: a high respect, and to
might fiej still rapre beneficial b his country. Ke
zetory latpred. Hclalao complimented t?ie
ilA ,Jt i..,:' i ? a , -
Vvip mo nuuui uj a 2-1 L11M Linn lumero ma tl.mf.
He bnofly reviewed hta own ftonrsft. ' ' whpn th
JbrinerUl fin the sabjectLf th tariff were mider
Mdetaty., anil 4he conjvictioi Whicii was tofc
.ttejt.Mdothelpo4insof thecoohtry:
thnt ej)tt)tective systcnwal be settled policy
jof. the; &jyrnment. Vev England bad resisted
in tbe rst instance, the estabjishment of a hi?rh
ipwteethre! policy bu t whin tiial h-us determined J
Pu, uw .wrn suit's turned all their natural
gdyaii&ge$iitnd their capitaj W wealthind "in
dustry Unto the new chiniel Stl. uj- ',;V
ff them. i;The ! Jl of Yfl.fi
)h bii of jet he l&d ydfed for it' n ! ao
he .Pcyffhspuitry, unless it
f?;-toPr1tstaief?ptud flucUiation
and uncertainty. M ' I . if-' ; - .
HJAfterl Ie lawf lali session a law
Containing some features pi concession and com-
Fiuimse, wnen tfte country wisf hot nmnnrpa for
ny chanffetho tirfispnt Mil ?LjJiS i
Jr ilti T i r I
bill of peace, of arrangement, and of compromise
is brought torvrard bv the! Hi(n-nicK.4 c
fcllom Kentucky, ,wlw processes; to haverenoun-
I I'ed nutA Jf ;kS . . ' .i t : ,
V. " - ' luruier. opinions; as to, the con
sututionaiitynd pipediejScyproteclioV. The
bill is supported by such opposite Idlings, it
was important to uok fntg the ftrovbu4T8 .ff h
Dai. He stated thfl v,, :.Lt: wi .t
ought to weigh with thosa ivh&, as friends of
tiP-eCU?e stem voted foifthis biU.
' ; Ve ,f not object to tbelprosjpctive and bien
njal redactions made by the bill up to 1841, but
be objected to the clauses Ivhicli did, in effect,
prohibit the repealing action off any subsequent
Congress upon thisbill, uStil 1312. He also ob
jecteoVto thelprovlsolniUil fiftsection; which
was a restriction on the power of Congress. He
put it to the Sena tot from jTenncsee, (Mr. Grun
dy) who haj introduced tie clkse, to say if he
ail not intend that it should hmv that
Was to be.considered as bound By the bill, so faras
(this Oqiigress could bind Uie future legislation of
'.!Tt:fKtected ktielea WriKvhio wn k
ucedelow SOIpemenil fftform, but can-
uw rai5ea aoove 20 pet centi ... .
Wto. PM bU1 becauselit imposed a e
stiricuoii:tie fuuw leislatt ot Canrress.
also opposed it, because it seemed to yield the
cartsutuiiunalpweyofprotioM Various argii
mento Were xjdyadced bT Mm U show that the
Southern politicians would, ifftjiisbill were pas-sed,tcll-
every one of tjeir constituents, . that
tttey had gamed some cofcession to the opinions
of the fouth. He said tat hi approved the sa-
gaciousilenceofjthe Soulhemgentlemen. They
would ht suffer themselves tabe provoked Iby
friend or enemy to speak jiefore: the time should
come
wnen they jought to; speak. They were
rsjt,lthe game, and they knew it. He
maste
coinm
f.. cuiiicy, cii nctwisned them to
jH: s i r""""" u tne
7 wav.ocad the Senator frpm
Kentucky. 1 He f iewerT tlfe biji a surrender! of
all the interests of the smaller capitalists, and 'a
cwccssMnmfavorof pvergrvwp!monopolies. He
pointed ut the effects of th'w Surrender on our
Qvn condition, and the handle vhich it would
give to satirists, and foreign writers, and the po
ets laurite of all; the, monarchies of Europe, to
tUtll OUlflnStitUtiohs and OLtnrptncinna inti '.
pur,counlerva4ing power.fand; leaving the coun
w auinT power ot Jiuroi treej'we put in f her
hands weapons ta destroy ita, and cast our weap
ons of defence at her fnet.il I7nr1v
tern, (njir, manufactures wonid( not be more
comply shackled thah:he vill be. by this
bill .'I.' :i. i 1 m .- .... '
He referred to the four jpo'vers by which the
Senator rrorn Keiiuucky hid aid that our pro
tective system coiild be . pVeservld. 1st, prohr
fcunn; the llt.topiDcidenAiaf pro-
$ be lomid inadequate,
"andL lf e -iffhr dcrUniaatiohjoi specific dutiesl,
was thepnlyirie Mrhich wiuldvailSscruTuna-
tmg andlspcific duties Weref the last
-1
an4 iihftwi). prtrftWrai hi
i4iuugeiij i.ope io-ineipratecUTe system, 19
war or in nrarip. L Hfi in. ti. ! '; r K.;n
owners of the property, but merely egents or ad-.
uMuisiraiors, we nan n ngni m -letter ax tuture
Cprre4jle rjarded iapUj Wthe'hsiwill
arid testamentof ithis eoureslWhiclTwould be
'set asidepjy the pece bntino cti thegroand'; ;iif
want ofBariiHr 14 2nose principally" engaged in
nuking t, for he never sawentlcmen nmre Tul ly
'aosscssiewtbr tbatjsa
Any Undue ihrftipniv- alLhtJiah h iniiU tiot h-'ln
ibinkingthai: panic had Klaaeihin'to do with it;
and. that if the'SouU. CarWnadinance and re-
i ne yeas and pays were ordered on this qnes-
ti6n, on;thecaH6f MtihlOr
,Mr. WibsteHben rosej his senti:
t'"-' t. n noi app3aroa, tnii dui would never 1
insurmountable: He ihonght that it would Le
difiicttjt to ascertain the legaj yalne cf Cotton
uxix a. view oi ine atrcauyaicaar Bttaenea
to eptton", and ofy the professional t edstfuctibns
tj'wh theclaG(m
sulyectfdrln lit-oa iolroft, alscje thpiight
that f8 jdiflcalties in l isceitningU.e; Valne
wonld bf ftich is to tendei,..lh&i mtmV'cdat
cetmngf that article inoperitixe.1 f Tiedpties $
iiod haying hitherto been spsifii' no) ptlncipie jof
valuation had beenilaid driyijJl Hef 4ondred
that there wasno Iegislatiyft xisica which
the valne oa iron could be- asse f TheMme.
remarks wera applicable to soracanctihe stated
i case to show the difficulty whi e-in
... :l L! . .Ll i' j j i,'l . ! r " 12 si- '...''
tezcmng a proper, ana uzea vaiue as a- r- MS13 ? tor
the bil would be in efficient' measure -T Heihad
not: heard the Assertion that ffiebiRw?ld atf all
reduce fine ie venujev jHe dlntecl Jikittj I tt
duction of duties nn booU a'shoesTand clothing
would fedtice' thousands of me6anics4tornin,
and .this"operation would increase this refeiitte.
In" this point, the till tuns a deadly blow or. the
poor, the youngthe enterprizing; on the labour
and the ingenuity of the cobitry. By the intr-
ductiottof foreign alcohol, at a reduced' ratal of
dutythe revenue2 would be! increased; but; he
.i i t . ' 5 1 t- ' ' ' 11 " ' Si i .
i uougm genuemen snouia . pause wiore tney
sanctioned this change. VU$ entire breakinff up
of the printing establishments for printing, cali 4
wna wuiu ue one ui uie cousequeaces ui iae pas
sage otithe bill; and in pruof he reacl jsotne i? ex
tracts from a memorial of the Jbwellf nianutc
tures. I -These? institutions might survive the
three first' reductions, but the' Iburthlwould I be
l.s i ' -1 . -! ' 1 ':' ..-,.
taiai to mem. on tnespinmug and jweavmg,
the effect, 'if not so disasmisf ;;3mrti" ecircely
be Jessjobjectionable. The Jargd capitalists l in
tnat orann would be able u make- money, by
breaking down all young and enterprising: es
tablishments. "In relereiiCe to wooliens. with a
duty of 2Q per cent, on woollens,! and SlO per
cent on wool, it is impossible that the first conse
euence, aiid tho denreciaUon "ot credit the f next:
and. by the'surrender of their interests, long be-,
wo iuw uvueixuxca. uumo vauuakiuii v" vuuioitu
their relief, their eyes ; will be sealed in death.
As to iron, English iron or Wales costs 26! dol
lars a tbn; and the supply isiinexhaiistiblei Iron
iii Russia and Sweeden costs 40 , (hilars a? ton.
English iron has been taxed 30 dollars, and; Bal
tic iron 18 dollars a ton. , Tiie change froin spe
cific to ad valorem duty will j work an : ; injnrious
change; He believed that ;this ' surrender once
made, we could never return to the resent state
of things, without such, a struggle as would
shake the country much more than any thing has
yet shaken it. H , i 1-
, He might bo wrong. There might be no
pledge no constitutional objection ; biitif 80
Why this bill ? The People will not expect the
passage of this bill. Therl was mi eipectatiiin
at tiie ejmmenceinent of this short session that
such a b:ll would be passed, j ', j
The Senate had nut had fimeiio ktbtlie pleat
sure of their masters. No opportunity Cad beed
otfered for ubtaiuing a .nowledge of either thei
course of pubi.e opinion, or the effect of. this
measure on the public interests j' It was said thti
next Congress would pass this bill itf. was- not
passed now. He did - not i'ear the next . Con
gress : but if that body should chobse: to iundo;
w hat was now done, it would have the power
to do so. ! ; 1'
If it was true, as the Senator! from Kentucky
believed, that the intention of J South j Corolina
was mereljf to enter into a law suit with the Lr
ted States, then there was no necessity for salt
erifice of gTeat .interests. He Vdieved ' tbat if
this bill should become a law, there wUl be an
action on the part of the People' at the ;hex se&4
sion to overthrow it. It.willnoibe all : requiem
and luilably when this bill be passed. 64 the
contrary, he believed there would be discord and
discontent. He had already ( expreessed . his
views as to reductiion in his resolutiens.:' He be
lieved there jouglit to be a reduction; to' the
point of necessary rerenue ; and that!, as soon as
that point could be asceriained' any Congress
wouiu oe awe 10 maite a xann vvnicn would
suit the country. The estimates ofUhe Socr
tary of the Treasury as to the point f. revenue,
vary materially from those'of others, but if, the
true point could be ascertained, 'he thought Con
gress might at once proceeed to Ian adjustment of
the Tariff with a prospect of success, n
As lie had commenced with I doing justice tp
the niotives of the gentle.nen on the ,oiher side,
he aske . -at equal justice might be done toihim
in the opposition which he was eimpelled to
make to a measure which had 'been 'ushered in
with so much profession of peace and harmony.
He would do as much to satisfy: South Carolina
as any mau. i He would take thi Tariffjaiidj cut
it down to the bone : but he did hot VFishil tojush
into noiried systems. He believed that his con
stituents would excuse him for surrendering tiitir
interests, bnt they would not forgive him for a
yioJationot the Constitution. 4- W '
-v- Mr.;Clay repliei to the Senator froin ' Msissa-,
chusetts. Hie paid a high tributerto 4he pati-iot-1
ism ana pnnty of that gentlemun, and said .that
he leit a deep and lasting . regret, tnat ne .nau pow,.
to differ with him- He was Happy, however, to
finct himself connected . wiUi his f friend , tVom
Alaine, with whom he had acted in the i final ad-
justment of the Missoari question. .HeHsugges
ted that if the Senator froox JUa$sachuitts could
notmake some appeal . to a', future CangTes$ tor
forbearance, he must be opposed to all comphnhise.
He'repudiated any share in bringfn the, existing
evils oti the country, and dc-Lted .that when: he
saw the torch applied to a favorite system J he
Wirnild rush' to save1 it and to Vi?store seenxity
and peace. ! Tbe honorable jnember had', seed no
thing twithin the last six tncuths, calcted to 1
shew that, the Tariff was not Jh danger! Had.
that gentleman not witnessed the results xit fthe
recent elections? Had henotJaeai theWAIev,
sage which had been recei vedi from .the Psi-
dent? 4Di he not Jcnow thavaiiiajoritj ofthe
friends of tbe Adm tiistration were "opposed toxhe
-riff Ile'wished to put ttem6j4j a'per-;
manent-foudation forune or ten yeacsy that the
manufactn rer may rn to his pillow at night with-
" i .tv..r; i -?..i .. .;..:
befbmmojmn'j 1
convtrtja set ef jpbliticians, ; whpj t had tieretiiare
into high Tariff men . he should i rejolceuiai he
liad been so;succesiful ia iaaktol
He maintained that thf act of I lre&irted to
auty.' ' tie suppose, tne answer tottld be iUiw
ITdiiSculUesarise
ihrongh;them'as.well as'he can; ai,d if h& aih
not he innst come; id Conmressi tlalilUl
n 4 a a ineasure oi- unance, .jie iiaa no laea 4, tnax
ie, policy. of inakiEf a Tariff; without! regard to trodaced He.wasrut.iU5pased to throw lam-5venuW:If.Wr.C.V-wiahtoif;WI
that
imderstbodaa toihepomtswhicUh
oi me prutecuon o me nuu?iri , vu9. cou-ivy -
Holiad iiamedsVPnoti4:JJthe impo-
atipn uf high duties- witlu&ifrejC
nioo-t of rt-vennClv. a lirnltatiiin of"ihcif ev-
. ... - '. 1 .) :.ii -i j
I
tin? in article f. e 9 ofdntr He miht have Ad-
wvt uiurciuc-, uj-rcuiatg saics dj auc..
nmportantc fijecti wluch the manrficturers had
solicited Congress accomplish, mtkzdrbz
1 1 m? cxpresjeq nis wiyijmes to iave in v ei
nsbitttp be decided bjrthe ,opinicm3of
the manaf3ctureTs'thern3flve3, a lirr number of
iwhcRti are hotv assembled linfe Washington; and
wuowj aaiuusi mianimonsr voice wuuja oe ia
prpvihat; the KUi before thiat 'HM8e'.wdd be
iminotts to; their IniCTestgwhile the 'ibiUjbefore
the innate wonldrexnoT all fear of ruin. - In. re
ft; Senator from
.Vimioes-r called
poolung iron wohld soon ba ahmVtnredinthis
juxakXryJa as Iowa - ratelaslglajidSl1"
whole bbject-imtovtbe aigttmCnt of. theSenator
!wasjthat he bounded forward to' 1 842-' and" un
dertook to prophesy' bat would he ' the ' state of
imngs at tuah penoa xie wouia as soon, reiy on
the forecast- 1 he Senator from Massachusetts off
any member of tlje Sehatejorof the community ;
burha tsuuld tict elieve thatfthpSenator : could
see results which would be found to '-I be depen
dent otj so matfyl contingendes AoAmencan
stateamtn will look abioaa opoa all the interests
ofjthe couutry',aod ' Would comprehend ia one
view all its cordttioni; lie was as insensible to
that4 this measure wa introduced under the in
fluence of a pv?ic could not Effect him. .Bnt he
c juld not be msktsible to the change which had
taken place in the siuiation'of things, even since
the "cemmencement of the session At that time
South Carolina ! stood alone ; bat, since then,
Vir ginia had sent a Commissioner, or a' Jlinis
ter, to South' Carolina, to induce her to delay
her operations qt I huftUit. lit South Carolina
should Hacede :o her request'will not Virginia gi
with her in her ulterior measures, in case ber
grievances should not be redressed? Civil war
.:.. t .1 LiL ii' t- T.i L - . r
luigui v iue rosuu. xie was uoi wutuig ui ap
ply the sword f to reduce! the South to "o
bediencft. Not that; trctiinstinces jnightndt
arise, which would render it necessary.' to resort
to force! But in reference to a Foreign $ power,
there was always' a reluctance to engage m war,
Li!i .. -r I.?. . '. .t-i-'i.-j ".n-j j
uu.it evtrjr euun ai iifjjuciawuw uau laiieu .- aim,
if there was thU unwillingness to. engage in
Foreign war, how mrch more reluctance ought
there to be to engage in a war at home, in a con
test in which he! who comniands in chief might
not be willing to Stop nntil he should have s plac
ed himself on a throne. He! did not fear any mis
construction of th$ pledge contained in tbe Bill ;
and he hoped that the manufacturers .would go
on and prosper, confident that the abandonment
pf protection wis never intended, and looking to
more favorable times for a renewal ot a more effi
cient Tariff. t y
He saw no difBculty in butting an estimate
oh the' value of cotton. Congress lays down
the principle, and it ! will remain for the'Secre
tary of the Treasury under the '.direction of the
President, to carry the law - into effect. The
rule is presceibed; and he could "not anticipate
any difficulty in acting upon it.. He went Bome
what at large into statements' and arguments to
sustaid hisr position tn reference to cotton. In
the worst form of construction which could be
put on the law by- the Secretary of the Treasury,
the Cotton interest would enjoy a sufficient pro
tection until th ear 18411 ;He shewed what
would be his ' own construction, which -would
leave that mterest in a still , better condition. It
would be competent, however, for ''Congress,,
who would arain be in session before this law
could go into effect, to correct : any errors which
mig-ht be made.' i In reference to rhe powers of
the Secretary to cause a proper appraisement to
be made, be quoted from the Act of 1832: but
repeated that any difficulty in this matter could
be obviated by ' Congress at its next session.
He referred to th reductions , which would be
Effected by this hill in the article of Silks, and
in other items. ' But even if the reductions should
be down to thejfeyenue point, there was a reser
vation to augment or diminish the revenue as
circumstcnces might require. He. stated that
the last scries of gradationx in 1841 would leave
the duties on woollens at 38 J per cent. . There
vere, he said, two classes of manufacturers, the
political and the business manufacturers. . The
pjjitical manufalurers were-m Willing to give
Sip! any thing; but there ' was not a business
manufacturer wiJiin his kiibwIedge.who was not
satisfied; witE: thie present 'Bill.- He explained
his bill as going; pn the broad principle 4 of look- l
ing to ice lnteresis . oi an, auu cuiuiauiug mc,
safety and i security of all, and the conciliation
of thej country.-file' askedjifjthd Senator from
Massachusetts was not willing that interests
should unte for j the purpose of bringing about
harmony and good' teelingrr The South had
given up her constitutional objections, and had
also yielded the home valuation, and it could not
be said, theieforej thatthere had been no sacri
fice of her interests. - There; had been therefore,
no ahindoiinientf princjplel'biit;'!! parts , of this
great iainily hadome together prepared to make
rautuarebneessionst for the purpose of restoring
harmonyV. J: l ; :i $. v V;.
Jl 'It being near'4 e'clfick, a motion ; was made
byr. Wilkius and JUr. Ewbgm succession,
to fake a recess fur two Wire, jbat on eome oppo-;
iticm made by i1X. Calhbuh and others, Mr.
Clay laid he wasfe willing tohcjbble on, and the
itibo.was wltr:rawii.) "
MrjClay Iheri retaimedand stated thaV the
manufacturers of iron would nore readily be sa
tisfied by thid pi ) than any f other" proposition
which had beenifered here were some who
had said, let; the 'Tariff "go down, if the; next
Coiigiess choose UiereTwilll a;reaction after
fWaWt fiejftought thltle genUernen
took conhsel nf passions above which it wss the
dlity of statesmeit .td elevate themselves, lie
fbrencountering ocerVun danger for -tne
purpose of jrbvidtng some ttneertain , good.. He
wished ti'mnrjnise all interests, and it was.
Iffthlhi P Jme pplicylhat fiehad priposcd ano-
jLheij gL3a;:yhic;ild itwjwjieejdyed
lf)e Isahction of a aajojrifyj of f:the Senate He
Would 'not acquiesce in -the yi wsof thoee who
relied on reactioaJ Similarwaa the expectation,
at the last Session, . bu,t there had been nd . benei
filal: resoliji-IJle iwa1 conciliating all
teiests, 'et hbatesoeyer might iail.aad
and )ljorn)eveKfTnight f;suctseed. 'H re--tted
thatj-the Iill,ilrt Selecf Committee,
had been' iiijered! b? -striking tout theclanse
inagwiUuhfree.andsta this was not
done bv his votelbr bv, thatef his friend- froat
Delfare. $rili it was.trasare, caladated
to promote the great objecjk for vhlch ; i t - waT in-
inm 'cao5fiwienas to
jmo jkvvukiq wpicuiooit io mat jciu. .
jj e oppbnenil of mem would eendottf a
tonng wordihe neid. ..-JUt5WW
ien3 outa iflami?i5 wd.radpanied by the
h !!.l 1 j l i fur. -:2. 1 ljL 1 xf-,,V.-i
ill- - ' .I--. 1 -
CJayi woili have Voted for the. Revenue ICol- r
iecuoa uiu. it was true He -wonld. have vol J
forjt,bdtle71t "no ew' txirn .ical fomjtin
tim tqtaak i fcpeecheon th'eubject,s..
iHe thougtL of thet Administration is
rays had i though Vandr he hadT drrvrmined to
ihemselres eatiadefehce 6f tie bill. He would
nTv goxea ior it, t pur u vrpuia nave neen svitni
mactance because Jthe consequences hich
ihay result ftn ; the Imeamre.iHe Stated lhat;
' - ' -i . . f L . . . ... f m " f. . ... .
with some exceptions, as to the htgb-toned doc-
the Senate ti the subject of South Cawlinaj J -
; TeoienWo
crtes ont-rpower ! Tiwer! power! Irie fuier
cries ous power, put desires jto sea i restfam
ed and temped hy dlstl(kiav.icleKyJjaDd'
not to create a. oonfiasTation from otut end of the
JJhien to the other, h He believed the gentlemen;
.' r .ii j .rr ij-AriiL ' .
uj;pea uie ;;im qia not wisa . iar cith war,
but Uie defeat of I thfUlnWomJead toponse
qojences tohe deplored And he wouldnbtlsh
toeee sacked cities, desolated dds, nd strealas
of 'American hbodshed by Americaai citrzeni.' ,
f "Hehad been' accused' of ambition f in InUbdiA
oorrthis measnre. He deWised the Errovellinf
sjplrits from which" the charge came, and! dis-
't;.L j .l J?i' l ' -
uiissea me accusanpn to j tne vwinas. jli von
gfes wouldj pass this hillhe "wnuld willjnglv
retire to his home, 'to the .grove of 'Ashland.
wuere ub cuua una a noeuty ana an aneciwa
which ' lie thad c6t'always found in public
lifSv . i'fcl; -f!- 4; .i- wri
iSmdm b)k did noi vreducd the
refenue one dollar There will be no reduction,
but theriimDSrtations would berestriirtetl. 4 : .
lip lifter tyielxW fOT a'fewmtnutes, Mr Smith
srave. way atlialf nak 4 .and C f ,
"UlfiV Silsble movIA that the Senate take Ja re
cess till 6 pclotk iy es 17,nops l9.f
U ! So the motioni yass negatived. f
mt Smith then resumed, and, wnt tnto a
review of the Yaridus 'sections of the bilU I r He
agreed with I the' nator from tMaWchnsetts
cJj .L! t.ii?J l.l.i'i-iAi' Vt. - ; l
mis urn repeals mcrwnoie oi me e"w'
"wh)ch"' ourrivenue iystein was btiilt- r '
Jllr.1 Robing then! moved , that the enatetake
a recess till $ o'clock ayes ' 17, hoes 1 7 " 1 ..
The Chair voUri in , the affirmative it was
ordered that ; the' Senate take a . recess till six
u v . ,
UNITED
D STATES o SOUTH-CARO-
Mr. Bel!, froni
the Committee on the Judi
ciary, made the following
I ? REPORT.
; The Committee m the Judiciary, to whom
was referred the aiessag of the President, with
thej accompanying1 documents,' relative to the
controversy between the Federal Government
and the State of South Carolina, have, bestdwrd
en the subject thatjanxious consideration' jpfhich
its importance so imperiously deTmihds,and - now
report a bill, as the resul t of their-1 best reflect
tions.. I I . j 1
,In preparing this bill, no provision has Ibeen
mada for cloth incr the Executive with anv bow-.
er in addition to that which it already has for
the purpose of executing the laws. In no View
which the committee have been able to take of
the subject, can they reconcile it to themselvos
to provide for the employment of mUitory jjfee.
They are aware that, in Suggesting epfopri
ety I uf providing these extraordinary meansi, the
President did not contemplate a resort to 'tne!ra
only when the laws are ''obstructed by unlaw
ful combinations, rendering the collection of du
ties impracticable,' or when , their execution i3
opposed by the actual employmeht )f military
force by ihe authority of a State. Vet it isj res
pectfully considered, that the? existence of) this
combination, and its unlawfulness, as wpu'as
the inadequacy,, of the means provided by the
existing laws to of ercome itishould be f first, as
certained and established by the action of f our
courts. I f ' . !; . " .
As to the employment of military force, by
South Carolina; the most positive assurances are
given that nothinf of this kind U .iii tended -unless
in repellfng in . attack from tie ;'.FderaI.
Government.! By "delaying, then inyf mea
$$ref whieh Could indicate such' an intention;
we avoid all provocation, and furnish no pretext:
to South Caoolina to prepare , for such an jcade
gency ! ' ' ' .' I. .
The cbmmtttee:are fully sensible that the l at
titude asfumld b South Carolina may seribos
ly embarrass the operations of this Government;
yet t)iey maintain that If, in a controversy! be
tween the General Government and one of the
States, a re?oriftothe militaiy and naval power
of the Union cart! ever be justified that jesort
should only be made in the' last extremity!, land
after every other tnode of adjustment has faed.
Vhi)e we' can never fbrget that tbe .cbnsutution
Was Ibundedn tjiefree and voluntary conent
of the peoplefof iheseveral Slates 4ndma(t if
ws the resut of:4comproraise,- welarefequallv
conscious thai it can only be preserved.by a spint
of coricUiatiotir and forbearance.' What would be
the ctonseqaebces, of employing force for the par
i ouestioE
not limited to a sijigle State, buUextfends to an
entirtf section! of the country ; and. "among fthe
unhappy resnjts of the application of force, th.ere
is reason to fear that, from a amtroversy between
the General Government and" a single State jt
would extendtojaj conflict between the fwo
great sections of Uie country, and might termi
nate in the dtrlction Of the UnionisseIf.
But independent! of the danger thui sppreten
ded, and even aamittihg'that the dreaded a
lamity referred tofmight not result from the em
ployment of fofte ' as' contemplated, still it
Wniiid Ttrule: ihroiiriwt the 80ttwevpwK
try, a state of felling towards the Government,
and iden add settled bastility against the other
f section of theiUnlonVwnich every patriot would
deplore, and which every statisanan should ear
nestly endeavor to prevent ; Influeuced bylttese
considerationi, add aitaus toavqd if possible
even the hazard f civil war or bloodshed, $iur
eooimttee in h bill which they herewiUi fut
pc mai ibb rutfgo
tl,' fl-i'-rfrmrtwnt 1. ftftlmo thttlD-?h its iudlCUt ll-
brnials.5 tnayi prove abundantly competent w pc
etwrzerHlp: f : ; 1
L Ourtises&ntiMlyeTnmcnt a g
L.:.i.()i mAct m.rniv Heoend on.en-
..w-. 27 O" .V- I
irhtA.l rml!; onlinun. St long; then, as these
aremlldaiidL jnst In tacfod
tonal and Imbartkl iimeir operalaon. we td
o other guarantee for hr exertion
virtue an4rmtiliBnce ttBe lpley t
ve and oUttcUTC u tae" rr;
xnaes wmcn were tope touna in . tne i aocumenv
h pinedjof the iglneraf ; torie! the PrkU-
pose of terminating tne preseni uunaupj cwijrw
rersy, it is impossible to foresee, 1 he interest
rnHheouestioh froin which it has originated is
pcopHof one of these Ctatcs ts to determine
tiC;a to tcsist it hi hazard, it 19 evidence
0 the justiwCof, their jtwnplaints, which fibdold
not be disiterdetl; and it 1st the .booadett dnt
cXthelsnture-.ijstead'if derkin-r
toeajas to enforce- it, to modify the obnoxious
law. Such is now he case with Sontli -CjL
andinlulditioa tome priaBinious lcslioony .
Sju:t wn propleaiofa very large rportion of
f poopi? 01 tae southern states, as to the iajus
ttce and oppression of the tariff laws, she is W
ttrrvl K- Mv .1 j . H-l 'mi ... - . f
throughont the Union. The Pnsfdeat; too, in '
is message at jthe commencenient oti the ipre-
scni se,eaUy;imprsed on iCWtos :
the lusuce and imoortanco of altPn'mr ni Zaa-... r
theihiefAlatiaieied.outbTf '
sareof Uie ibill. reported by theonwttoTof "
v ay and Means, it will tend I tnortf effecttullT !
to allay the excited feeling oT the South, to a
TCrt the crises with which we are threatened,
and to restore harmony to onr once kappyUhion, "
than any provisions which can be adopted for 1
the removal .? of., custom-houses,., clothing- tka
cbnrt , with additional; powers, or invasion br
fleets and armies. 4Jut, should Congress I still
refuse, to yield to the com plaints and remonstran
ces of the Sonth i should that feeling uf kind- 4
nesa and conciliation so indispensable to the pre- v
servation of this great rcoofedracy cecse U ex
ert its influence ; and should the laws now in
force, together with the provisions contained in
the bill herew!th reported, be evaded, or success
fully resisted, by the State of South: Carolina,
then ,nd not till len, in the opinion of your
committee, will jt be time for the Rerresenta
tives of the American people to consider and
decide that most delicate and deeply 'interesting
question the right of the Federal Government
to' reduce one of. the sovereign members of this -Union
to obedience to iU laws by military force; '
4-a power, let it be remembered, that , was asver
al limes proposed tcf be given in the formation ef
the F ederal constitution, but never conferred. ;
J The committee have made no provision for the
removal of custom-houses, and exaction t)f j .ash
duties, suggested by the President. Such
regulations, especially the latter, Jhey conceive
would be in violation of those clansos cf the
constitution which declare that "all didiai, irn- '
posts and excises shall be uniform throughout
the United' 'Statu," and that "no pref(enc
shall be" given by any regulation 'of commerce or
revenue to the ports of one State over those of
another. To require the datiet on coods
brought into the ports of one State to be paid ia
Wcash, and to allow a credit upon those imported
I ' l -L 1 "!".. 1 i r
tnwtne oiners, "wouia oe eniireiyi at variance
with that uniformity thus required by the consti
tution, and must, give a decided advantage to
those ports where the credit system prevails, over
those where cash' payments are enforced. It
Ivould do more; it would be virtually denying to
citizens of one State privileges which are en- ,
Joyed by those of .another. Hie, merchant at
pharleston must nay thepU3tom house duties ba
evinhis gotidsw merchant at Si
vannah is allowed a'cjred itof Jrom three to twelve
months. Is thiauniformity? ' Dothese merchants .
equal privileges ? - 4
I This objection is attempted to be obviated, by
allowing a deduction of the. interest, whea the
duties are required to be paid in cash. But Where 5
is the merchant who would be willing to such an
arrangement? Where is the man engaged ia
trad! who is content with a profit of six percent,
on his capital? If there be indeed no difference
betweeiithe present system of credits, irid; cash .
;payxnents vwith a deduction of six per cent why
idoes not Congress at once abolish ther former.
l and avoid not only the expense and trouble and
litigation occasioned by the non-payment of v.cns-' -torn-house
bohdsVbn secure the . 'Covers ment '
against the inmiensel losses ' annually, Almost ,
daily, occurring by the"' failures of impprting ;
merchants and sureties? reamftitteedoubt'
whether the import'ng mefchahts would consent
10 pay casn auues, 11 uiey weip ouereq a 4oaiuo.;
lion of double the legal rinterest.H Indeed, ! there,'
can be very little doubt that jmanyi of thelmer
chants even of .Chirleston? would ; land f their
goods at Savannah, and incur .the. expense, in
convenience and additional hazard of re-shipping
them, rather than be subjected to the payment of
the duties in cash. Assuredly the merchaiits f
the interior would not hesitate as' to which ' of
f these ports they would, under, these drcumstau-
ji .. - t 1 i r. t -V '
cus, oruet mir gwus. t ifc no pBnecujruoyioua
then, that by this "regulation of 'revenue, Con
gress would present String indocernentaforh j t
Charleston, and thus give a "decided i Itdvaiilage
to the one - port over; the other? 4And Jean, any
:i1l!.'i'k.t t'mtttA m ruruUf inn Ufalft n fH.
cprA fv. tn i f
rtablished. and I6n maintained, it would not asV . t
Fenectuauy rum tne trace 01 naneston as tjouga- ;
that port were oioc&aaea, ana.uis entrance ta
merchant vessels entirety pronpitear , ;
Tint it nMv lwMii(f fKt thHvf i tPtmntlnMt nrti
rroneral; that no particular State is named: that
11 mey appiy to -5.aruiina, it is in consequeuco
of' her own act, and that they will be equally api
plicable to any other State whiebi shall assume
the same attitude, ' The plain answer to this ar-
ffument is, that the constitition has not give to
Congress the power to make such distinctions
under such circumstances, or under any enrcttnv
ttanew the provisions tot, the consUtutioa. arcr
broad, genera(sndunQmed t :
Ut" Admhtingj-howevet , for a moment, the jwet
in question to - exist, tne committee are 01 opto,
ion that the exercise of it, in th'flf , manner propel-1
sed, w.wld operate , with peailiar injustice. '
There are, it is well jOnderstood, a numbej , of
merchants uf Charleston, who, noVtbsttndin .1
the ordinance of South Uarotma. wiu contmoe 10 k i
import their goods nto that part, ffiye their bbnde,
and patthemai 1 heretofore. f JVowJ would ! it , ?H
notbe contrary to th yery''sritVahdJ-(enn '
our Government that, on sccoont nCtbe actse
the State authorities, or even of.tne great near
ru. i-i 'ar. with Tour cctaart-
tee, conclusive against;the propo8atitt or . te
eactionof cash;dttl
the ctiSTcailliooseeeTns jojfo.weaHJ'u
tended to render thatmeasurehe iiKre effectoal,
the Committee wosMet.it-tfJ
"Xne committee liars nu eucv.-
?rr Anter into manv ! efihe; important cnUotis
i- i . j2.jr 1 --.Mfff
presented by thd decumenU which ave been
referred to theim 1 ney hxt ' wuuuw !,.-.--selves
nfore partinilarlyn .the sngqesaona L ot
tliePreadent as 14 thealtexttioni andmodifie
tics neeeasaty for more ef&taaByseiria
coilectioaof ihe revenoe; and theyhave jotw
sidered ttdne tothemselyes and P
AreUas to the high rrce torn which
gestWn pr-eed,to l&t&
whWrtheifiavt been iJOTerned in reportlhe.
Uil which U herewith bniit ted
vf !fc. 'Stan.; Individoals. ioeW Mjiepnyeci. 1,1
privileftear secured to the dt&ma of mo ethet VUj
fetaterf? ; j X: . ?
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