A"
I
1
!- i
OF FOREIGN-NEVS.
, The Tlussian Government,; two years
since, senj: officer of, engineers,. Major
yoskobo!iniltoff, to Persia, to make la re
port on the;rrjineral wealth of the country.
THe omceTjexamineu oniy tne provinces
adjacent
to ; jthe Russian frontiers- viz.
Aserbeidjan, Gilan, and Mezanderan. In
the latter! province he discovered dn the
j north of Mount- Alburs, and near the 'coast,
excellent; francs of coal, of considerable ex
tent, the j htdk of great -. depth.and Jbf ex
cellent qiiajitjv -They Lwera delighted at
this discdverv in Russia, oarticulkrlv at
Bokou andjarjAstracan; because the Hus-H
; sian steamboats which make the passage
between J these two ports have hitherto
been suppl iedj "with coal from England, of
which the transport to AstracanT is Iboth
j difficult and expensive. The Russians,
notwithstanding all their: searches, have
j not been ablefto discover any coal mines !
eimcr in iuc yaucasus or in rraenia.
J The Russian Cabinet made most ad vajita-
geous offers tb the Schah if he I would per
mit the mines of Mezanderan to be work
j ed by Russian engineers on account bf the
Rpssian povernment. But the Schah and
his GrandJVjzier, Hadji-Mirza-jAgasi, ter
rified at the jdca of seeing a Russian es
tablishment rounded in Persia under the
protection ot Russian bayonets, refused
theijr consent Count Medeh renewed the
demand sdveraV times, and endeavored to
excite thejeujpidity ot;the Grand Vizier, by
promisingihim an enormous portion of the
Produce of jhe mines. But when Iladji
MirzafAgM persisted in his refusal, the
Count de Meden received orders to em
ploy threa-ts. . The Grand Vizier, having
no alternative, replied, Well, jif you wish
to take the! coal by force, do so; you are
oHuugcr i iau we are. rvenr one is cu-
nous to know what resolutibd will be a
dopted .at St Petersburg after this reply.
fl !- : :- 1 -If
Ingenious
Smiurirlin?r al Vhimnuth
The contraband dieaiers in tobacco ' have
just oeen uetected in an attempt to intro
duce this commodity by a mode which for
ingcnuityfwill bear comparison with any
of th6secc;ejntly discovered. ! The sailing
packet-IZebra Captain Laurnes, . from
jersey, Commenced discharginaher cargo
on Saturday, the 14th instant, at the legal
quay; Sutton-wharf, s Plymouth. Among
other goods on her manifest were j S casks,
said to contain pitch. This article is not
frequently j brought from the islands, and
as the casks Weighed only 3 cwt., instead
of the usual ;average, 4 cwt. to 4 cwt., .
the suspicions of theofficers of customs
were naturally excited. Theyi however,
. crjr nwjKuiy ucierrea seizing ine .sus
pected godd until an ownerf presented
himselfat the-custom-house. In due course
Mr. Christopher John Arrowsmuh, the on-
h passenger by the Zebra, came to clear
the casks, jand he was soon handed over
j to the ci vil authorities. On examining the
casks, they! Were each found fp contain a
small quantity bf pitch, surrounding what
appeared to Je a number of bricks, but
these on: inspection proved to be tin cases,
covered jwith coarse red paint, mixed with
fine era f el of sand. Each case had from
3jlb. to 3jlbJ of unmanufactured tobacco, 1
closely we Jged w ithin it ; indeed, so close
lv,that ittuok six or seven men all of one
day to exa nine the contents, of 11 casks.
1 The 13 ca. ksVeach having about 41 cases,
containing 13 lib., will probably j produce
14orl5CwtJ of tobacco in all. One of
the casci' has been sent to the Board of
Customs ,'It is supposed that the tobacco
-j was macfeo assume the form of bricks,
j toacilitate the transport unsuspiciously
from the; firstplacc opdeposite after lanofr
ing. The iof leers: concerned in the cap
tare qpp IVIr. Rich, landing-surveyor; Mr.
.Potburv. tide-survevor : and tAr. Ramsftv.
M T i- !U. r y
; wooing waiter.
i
! i-t Iron lTo5e.--The late frightful earth
quakes m this West Indies, in) which the
"rick Md stipne -buildings of whole towns
jjjave leWlfcvelled with the ground, and
we wooden ones consumed by the firs
1 wWchburstout after the overthrow of the
: ?tber buildings, have drawn the attention
; w many persons to the advantages of
-f J0USe5 Icons ructed of iron, which: have
been found o stand the shocks of the se
! merest jsarthquakes uninjured. Some of
these jrWjd veilings have been, in conse
j quenccj ordered from Mr. Laycock for dif
4 rParts of the world. He has now
, tmshedav, ry neaf iron cottage, which
tie has just built for the use of two maid
en ladseiiding in the island of St. Lu
Jli ft consists of three rooms, each nine
leet h gh, to wit: one room twenty feet
jy iouj-teen feet,! and two rooms twelve
M 1 foet. There-are six large
jealosy windows and Two small ones o
! int and back doors!; these and
k; u r j
iron in pan-
wrougbt iron irame,
;.r i TV""fiymi,uii nuiuu win urevKiu
S1! PM building, at leasl through the
i ! - W . ' -.-nw uwxii iiuo ine in-
aiiiiand keen the intrm t1.i;wKtfll.r
cooL
ine Weight r rt : a
tons, ;4nd the cost mil. ko ...I
t j & ttiucr inure ma
hunared nounds.--I(uW7)007 Times.
iniT exP of wine from Oporto
S lafountedto 33.Q4G pine of which
.re for Great BritMn?- t, : v
thrlms'-'lt has beed said that no
SiSbC J?:orelun,n good original
SiT aullteral nslatlon. , Yet we
tl?at ou literal franslatioir of
we mirns gives us a juster idea of the
pngiaaL than the translations of Buchan-
u arm jpnnson in LatinJ HTivC
slation in Enshsh: thonK if mnct k
Merrick in-some places'has
?!'5thH true sense of lhe Hebrew bet
S5anJour old venerable translators.
jiishop lLowth,s translation! of Isaiah, in
uKenanner, is preferable to any ppetical
? !?ip- hat can be given of that-sublime
nd poetical phrophet.Ckcarjorna.
-ITEMS
BRUNER-& JAMES,
-I-, Editors 4. Proprietors. -
If ,
In:
Method of ' MakinirArtificial Marbles-
The artificial r marble, with which the
palace of Munich is adorned, and which
is esteemed i more than natural marble,
for which fit is: frequently mistaken, is
made of the common jgypsum, first burn
ed in the ordinary, way, and afterwards
put on thej fire again in a copper vessel
and suffered to boil, as it will likewater,
for"a"Iohi tinie. Vhen this boiling ceas
es of itself the matter is taken out, and
common colors, such as are used in paint
ing; are mixed with it in various propor
tions, which', on the Wetting it with water
and working it in the common manner of
plasterjbf aris, diffuse themselves and
imitate the veins of natural marble.- The
Builder,
II ii - - -
.Why is a young ladylike a bill of ex
change ? Because she ought to be settled
as soon as she comes, to maturity.
chambermaid of our town to an English
lady frfio had just arrived in Scotland for
the first time. A what V said the lady.
vA pig, mem. Shall I put a pig in your
bed to keep you warm V Leave the
room young woman ! Your mistress shall
hear of your insolence.' ' No offence, I
hopelfmemj It" was my mistress that bid
me ask, and I am sure she meant it in all
kindness.' The lady looked Grizzy in the
iaceand saw at a glance that no insult
was intended, but she was quite at a loss
to account for the nronosal. Sh
warejthartrish children sleep with pigs
on me eartnen lioors ot the cabins, but
this Was far more astonishing. Her curi
osity vas ijow aroused, , and she said in a
milde tone, Is it common in this coun
try, my girl, for ladies to have pigs in their
beds ? 4 And gentlemen, too, mem, some
times when the weather's cauld But
you would not, surely, put the pig between
the sheets V If you please, mem, it will
do you maist grood there. I'll steek thft
mouth o't tightly, and tie it up in a poke.'
4 Do you sleep with a pig yourself in cold
weather V i No mem. Pigs are only for
gentles that lie on feather beds : I sleep
on cauf with my neighbor lass.' 'Calf!
do you sleep with a calf between vou V
aid the Cockney lady. Na, mem, you're
Junius uuv, scuu vxji&ty, wnn a oroaa
grin, ' we lie on the tap o't T -Dumfries
Herald.
At the meeting held at the Thatched
house on Saturday last, the Rev.rMr. Os
borne said
44 Of this he was morally certain, that
no education, no churches, no schools,
no industry on the part of the clergy in
their efforts to raise the poor, could be of
any avail, or produce any effect, until
4hey had the power of rearing their fami
lies m comfort. That was the first step
in their salvation. IrVhen he saw the poor
in such a state that several persons ot all
ages and of different sexes might be found
sleeping in the same room when the bo
dies f the dead lay for days by the side
of th living, because there was no room
to which to remove them when he saw
sudh things as these, he was" tempted to
ask whether, in trying to educate the
minds of the poor, we were not forgetful
of the fact that he who would legislate
for the public good, by seeking to promote
industry and morality, must ensure that
those for whom he would legislate were
in a condition to earn their bread by their
labor. Hear, hear. In vain would you
try to call-forth decency or industry, when
the utmost amount of it bestowed by the
poor man would not suffice to procure him
bread. The poor were too often blamed
for vices which were forced on them by
their misery." .
The Sermon on the Mount. Longman
& Co. To this small volume most of our
recent observations on the Illuminated Cal
endar Issued from the same press, are e
qually applicable. The arabesque flower
borders of the pages are from the same
beautiful lithographic process, the colors
of the designs being worked from separate
blocks in succession with surprising accu
racy, the darker shades, we presume, pre-f
ceding ; but of this there is no trace, or
certainly ' none perceptible by the naked
eye i' and the manuscript portions for to
distinguish them from MSS. is almost im
possibleare enbowered in loveliness.
Thejonly part of this book finished by
hand is a chaste and appropriate vignette
illustration, by Boxall. To say that this
little volume is worthy of the subject en
shrined in its pages that divinest of di
vine compositions would be impious in
deed rUt we hesitate not to affirm, that
the effort to do such honor as is here hum
bly attempted,' and successfully perform
ed, is in the highest degree praiseworthy.
The i binding is admirably adapted to the
character of the work ; and, taken alto
gether, this book is a gem issued in a shape
so'complete, that it might adorn the choic
est shelves in the collections fofxa Ilox
burghe nor a Grenville ; or, whiclr'is still
better, be carried; next' the heart-by the
most earnest and devout. ; .
Progress of the Printing Press. We
have" lying before lus "a little vocabulary
of H , pages,: being 'therst attempt "at
printing on the island of- Fernando, and
the workof the Rev. Mr. Merrick Baptist
missionary there ( who," having procured
some uugusn type, nas prnucu i-ma wvu
I
unappreqiaiea kindness. " Would you
lie tb naye a het crock in your bed this
cauld; night, mem?' said a cood-natured
IX? A CHECK rK ALL TOCB. -: i- .
IS SAFE."
5 "C
SALISBURY ;N. Ci, APRIL 12, 1845.
bulary for the use of the natives fin learn-
ing bngiisn. It is printed only oft one side
of the paper, and, on the whole, is a very
creditable first attempt. It seems that, in
the nati ve -language, or dialect, the long
and short sounds of the vowels are the
same as on the continent of Europe. G
is always hard ; a single H is never soun
ded, hut HH marks the aspirate; and
KV is sounded as QU in equal. Obassi
signifies God ; bubi, sin ; molima, mind,
soul, or spirit; linggam, to love. With
this book we received another, 44 The
Adeeyah Vocabulary, for the Use of Schools
in Western Africa,'' by John Clarke, and
printed at Falmouth, Jamaica, last year,
fof the use of the Baptist mission. Fa
ther, in this dialect, is Bo-yem, or In-ta ;
mother, Em-mi ; the great spirit; Al-eJiun-du;
the good spirit, Du-pe; bad spirit,
Mo-o ; man, Bu-bi ; woman, I Wa-di.
Manchester Guardian. !
From the National Intelligencer.
To the People of the Lake Country
and Misisippi Valley.
. NO. II.
These Lake measures must be carried.
Their importance has not been felt only
because the question of lake defences has
not been seriously considered. Talk about
national defences, and the public mind at
once is turned to the seaboard, t It should
be directed to the lakes as well.
There is not a man within the reach of
themblic press who has not heard of the
importance of the Island of Cuba in a mil
itary point of view. Public attention has
been directed to it time and again .since
the purchase of Florida. Every one sees
and appreciates the commanding position
of that island with regard to the naval de
fences of the Gulf. In the hands of an im
becile nation, as at present, it can do us
no hurt ; but it overlooks too closely those
vast interests on the Mexican Gulf for this
country ever to be indifferent as to its
ownership. If there be any course which
the people at large have tacitly, but clear
ly, nevertheless, marked out for the Gov
ernment, it is that it should never permit
that island to fall into the hands of our
chief rival.
Any serious attempt on the part of Great
Britain to possess herself of Cuba would
lead to instant war? And why? Because
it would give her a dangerous ascendency
in the Gulf of Mexico. But the interests
which we have at stake on the Gulf are
npt one whit more important; than those
of the lakes. The lake towns outnumber,
many times over, our cities on the Gulf.
If no single one of them may; vie in com
mercial importance and wealth With New
Orleans, yet there is Oswegb and Genes
see, Buffalo, Cleveland, and Erie, Sandus
ky, Huron, Toledo, and Detroit, with Mi
chigan City, Saginaw, Chicago, Milwau
kie, and hundreds ofthriving lake villa
ges, where national defence is as weak,
life as dear, and the integrity of Ameri
can soil as sacred as it is possible for them
to be in the two patriotic little Gulf towns
of Mobile and Pensacola. Great as is the
commerce of the Gulf, that of the Lakes
is quite equal to it in value. Yet if Eng
land owned Cuba, Key West, and the
Tortugas, and held all the Florida reefs;
if she were to exhaust art In fortifying
them, and strengthening herself there ; if
she had' chains stretched across Old Pro
vidence channel and the Narrows of Bim
ini, her ascendency, with all these advan
tages on the Gulf, would not be as com
plete,, her means of annoyance would not
be as great, nor her powers to injure us as
extensive, as they now are on the lakes
by reason of her ship canals. Through
these she can send her fleets, and pene
trate with them into the very heart of the
country; and it is not in the power of this
Government to make so much as a show
of resistance against her so doing. If she
held the Florida Pass we could even them
dispute witn her tne command ot tne uuii;
for, with the advantage of those Western
naval improvements which are already
on foot, we could put forth on the Gulf
that powerful naval strength with which
the West is endowed, and iwhich I wish
so much to develop. Not so on the Lakes.
The only entrance from them to the sea
is in the hands of England : she holds it
beyond dispute. Her canal locks are
stronger than bars and bolts pf iron. But
there is naval strength in the West suffi-;
cient to withstand them ; yet the ability
is wanting on our part to put it forth. It
is locked up, and nothing but a ship canal
from the Mississippi can bring it out.
There need be, in the lake country, no
fear of invasion by an army in the most
furious war. The countries of Europe
may be occupied and overrun by armies,
but the West never can be, except on the
immediate borders of the lakes. j
Countries in which the f possession of !
arms by the peasantry is illegal, may be
successfully invaded. Not!so in durWes-
tern country In it, from boyhood, every
one has had arms in nis nanus ; an are
patriotic, brave, and 44 fond of fight," The
army that should attempt j invasion here
would find a fort in every tree, and meet
resistance from every bush. ; vi j
"6ur.popuiation; is tooense- internal
improvements too niei aJtfelfol
cilities on ouripart for coneentrating land
forces at anyoint are tooj great, or I apy
serious attempt at invasion with land for
ces. We have nothing in war to dread
" ' RCLEKS. Do THIS, AXB LlBESTT
- w y "-' ' - - - Gen'l. Harrison.
On the lakes bnt from shin??. Wr ran hp.
attacked in that quarter by no other means,
and our defences, therefore, must be es
sentially naval.
j I wish to impress 'the people of this re
gion with just ideas as to their vulnerabil
ity in War, by reason of John Bull's ships
and ship canals. They give him command
of the lakes ; for none will deny that he
can send there ill-famed fleets from the
sea faster than we can equip others from
the forest. With them, he could destroy
your commerce, burn your ' towns, lay
waste and ravage your lake country, with
out resistance. Here to-day, and there
to-morrow, he makes a demonstration with
his fleet upon one of your towns, and be
fore you can collect your heavyjand forces
to hold him in check, his swiftfooted ves
sels of war are despatched with the rapi
dity of steam, or upon the wings of the
wind, to some new point to attack.
Invasion by ships is most to be dreaded.
This country has once been invaded. Fas
est. Let us not be so reckless as to forget
the lessons taught us in the school of ex
perience but thirty years ago on the Che
sapeake bay.
44 For a long time," says Seybert, in his
Annals, written just after the war. 44 the
majority of the people of the United States
Were opposed to an extensive and perma
nent naval establishment, and the force
authorized by the Legislature, until very
lately, was intended for temporary purpo
ses. A navy was considered to be beyond
the financial means of our country ; and
it was supposed the people would not sub
mit to be taxed for its support. Our bril
liant success in the late war has changed
the public sentiment on this subject ; ma
ny persons who formerly opposed the na
vy, now consider it as an essential means
for our defence. The late transactions on
the border of the Chespeakebaycannotbe
forgotten ; the extent of that immense es
tuary enabled the enemy to sail triumph
ant into the interior of the United States.
For hundreds of mile3 along the shores of
that great bay our people were insulted ;
our towns ravaged and destroyed ; a con
siderable population was eased and irri
tated ; depredations were hourly commit
ted by an enemy who could penetrate in
to the bosom of the country without our
being able to molest him whilst he kept
on the water. By the time a sufficient
force was collected to check his operations
in one situation, his ships had already
transported him to another, which was
feeble,: and offered a booty to him. An
army could make no resistance to this
mode of warfare ; the people were annoy
ed, and they suffered in the field only to
be satisfied of their inability to check those
who had the dominion upon our wraters.
The inhabitants who were in the imme
diate vicinity were not alone affected by
the enemy ; his operations extended their
influence to our great towns on the At
lantic coast ; domestic intercourse and in
ternal commerce were interrupted, whilst
that with foreign nations was in some in
stances suspended. The Treasury docu
ments for 1814 exhibit the phenomenpn
of the State of Pennsylvania not being re
turned in thejist of the exporting States.
We were not only deprived of revenue,
but our expenditures were very much aug
mented. It is probable the amount of the
expenditures incured on the borders of the
Chesapeakewould have been adequate to
provide naval means for the defencej of
those waters : the people might then have
remained at home, secure from depreda
tion, in the pursuit of their tranquil occu
pations. "jSjTThe expenses of the Govern
ment, as well as of individuals, were very
much augmented for every species of
transportation. Every thing had to be
conveyed by land carriage. Our commu
nication with the ocean was cut off. One
thousand dollars were paid for the trans
portation of each of the thirty-two pound
er cannon from Washington to Lake On
tario for the public service. Our roads
became almost impassable, from the hea
vy loads which were carried over them.
These facts should induce us, in times of
tranquility, to provide for the national de
fence, and execute such internal improve
ments as cannot be effected during the a
gitations of war."
England could annoy us as much on the
Lakes now as she did on the Chesapeake
then. From the first month after the be
ginning of a war until its close, not only
would 44 Pennsylvania exhibt the phenom
enon" of being returned as a State with
out lake commerce, but New York, and
Ohio, and Indiana, and Illinois, and Michi
gan, and Iowa, would also do the same.
The lake commerce of these States can
not be protected in war unless we have a
ship canal from the waters of the Missis
sippi. We are obliged to have this canal,
and if the people of the West will only
back me in tne matter, it shall be dug.
H AKKY BLUFF, U. S. N.
The N. Y. Express says : "Bishop De Lan-
cy, of the Western Diocese of New York, has
refused to ordain a candidate for orders on the
application and recommendation of the standing
committee of this Diocese, with the consent of
the Bishop of New York, "so far as they can ca
nonicilly consent.' The trustees of the Epis
copal Fund decided, on the 11th instant, to pay
the'Bishop the income of the3djpf January last,
but took no action "on the Question of the pay.
menl to the tirfe subsequent.. f m -
NEW. SERIES,
NUMBER 50, OF VOLUME j. !
4 ' .
THE UNITED STATES AND TEXAS.
f The National Intelligencer of the 27th
ultimo jays 44 The remarks I which we
have lately copied from the "Texas Na
tional Register," bitterly denounce the
manner and terms upon which it was pro
posed by Mr. Brown's resolution (that
which passed the House of Representa
tives) to admit Texas into the Union. We
perceive that some of our contemporaries
are under the impression that the addition
made by the Senate to that resolution (by
including in ifMr. Bexton's proposition as
an alternative) will make the resolution
44 for the annexation of Texas " more pal
atable to the Government of Texas than
it would have been in its original form.
This impression, we prssume, is an entire
ly errpneous one. We have before us the
Texas official gazette (the 44 Register") of
March 1 some days prior to the time the
news of the action of the House of Re
sentativeson Mr. Brown's resolution reach
ed Texas which gazette contains a col
umn or two of bitter commentary upon
Mr. Benton's proposition, elicited by its
first presentation to the Senate.' To give
our readers a taste of the quality of this
commentary, and to show how little likely
Mr. Benton's amendmenris" to make the
resolution jnorc acceptable in that quarter,
we make the following extract from that
commentary":
FROM THE TEXAS " NATIONAL jlEGISTER " OF MARCH 1.
Mr. Benton's New Iill. -This bill pro
vides that a State, to be formed out of Jhe
present Republic of Txas, with suitable
extent and boundariest'sa be admitted in
to the Uniori, as soon as the terms and con
ditions of such admission, and tlie cession of
tlic remaining Texian territory to the
States, shall be agreed upon by the two Gov
ernments. This agreement is to be effect
ed, if at all, by means of new " missions,
negotiations, etc.,n and its terms are 'to be
settled b' treaty to be referred to the Se
nate, or by articles to be submitted to the
two Houses of Congress, as the President
may direct.
This proposition bears the impress of
that extraordinary ingenuity and artful
policy characteristic of' the genius of the
great statesman who originated it. Op
position to immediate annexation upon any
terms ; and uncompromising hostility for
ever to the annexation ibf Texas with her
claimed and legitimate boundaries, is his
avowed doctrine. With mercantile pre
cision this bill is regularly labelled 44 an
nexation," in characters sufficiently con
spicuous to be red by all Texas. This
delightful password is intended to secure
its acceptance by this nation ! It is a
word of cabalistic power ; and in the de
lirium of joy produced by its golden sylla
bles, the people are to hail with enthusi
astic applause the delusive shadow thus
exhibit to the eye, and approve the meas
ure without caution or examination.. The
American politicians but act consistently
and naturally when they count upon such
talismanic effects to be produced by the
use of that magic word. They judge us
by the spirit evinced by our renewed ap
plications, and the meekness with which
we nave submitted to tueir repealed rejec
tions. They judge us by the success
which followed from its adoption as the
party rallying-cry in their late Presiden
tial canvass. It has secured the election
of Mr. Polk operating vyith lunar effica
cy upon the tide of popular feeling ; and if
its pervading virtues can be preservedly
keeping the measure in a properstate of
suspense and agitation, it may, in like man
ner, secure the election of Mr. Benton as
his successor. That word has had power
to breathe into one Presidential statue the
breath of official life. Its effects, both in
Texas and the United States, have been
alike electric and tremendous. Its value,
therefore, is inestimable to the aspirant
who can appropriate and wield it.
To accomplish these purposes, nothing
could be more happily conceived and a-
i dapted than this bill ; and, notwithstand-
; ing its specious aspect, we must look some
what deeper into its contents. Alas ! its
I beauty is but skin Beep nulla fides in
fronted
We ask for annexation : it promises us
missions, negotiations, cctJ" To deter
mine the purport of this 41 ect.f we must
doubtless have recourse to the authority
of Lord "Coke, who, in treating upon a
similar abbreviation in 44 Littleton's Tenu
res." says ; u It always mcaneth some matter
of excellent learning, which ought in nowise
to be omitted by the student?
We. repeat our humble request for an
nexation : the bill declares, in reply- when
a state of suitable extent and boundaries
shall be formed out of your Repeblic ;
when, in the process of negotiations, the
terms and conditions of its admission shall
be settled ; when your remaining territory,
after carving out this State, shall be ceded
to the United fStates ; when, after years of
protracted diplomatic correspondence, cost
ing ,each ! Government prooably not less
than, one hundred thousanddollars, (as es
timated in the bill,) the preliminaries. of
admission and cession shall be finally , at
length concluded i tfien , r , -
Of course we shall be annexed.
U ;Vqmte yet. Wait awhile! If
is not the first time your bver-hasty antic
ipations have. been disappointed," Z. '
Then, these preliminaries must beW .
duced to writing, either in the form f . '
may direct. If the former, it must be rat
ifiedby tiCQ4hirdsofthe Federal Senate, or
it will be a mere nullity I If the latter V
these 44 articles" must be passed into an act
by both Houses of the American Congress,
or they will be of no effect 1 ! Tlten, in the '
e vent of the ratification of such; treaty or. r
of the final passage'of such an act, as the
case - may : beand noijuritil then will u
your annexation be 'consummated I -Xi
Curiosity - might; prom jit" us jt Jnquire, r
what President is to givtheJdirection
contemplated by the will ? what Senate
is to ratify the proposed (treaty ?fwhat f
Congress is to act upon' the sripposed ar-.
tide ? Theanswer is, the President, Sen- '
ate, and Congress of the United States.
The bill correctly enough implies that, af- v
ter this Republic shall have run the gaunt- v
let prescribed for her by its provisions, she v
will be without a President without aCon-i
gress, and icilftout a Government or that :
they will exist in name alone I Prostrate J
at the footstool and-subservient to the pow
er of the United States, she would be with-
out the capacity to resist or oppose any.
conditions or exactions : which the" latter T
might see fit to impose or c7iajtf. v
This bill is evidently, based upon the
idea that Texas, with phrenzied ardor, cry
: l i , f -
ing, ueggmg. ana suneKing jor annexation q
would, like Ixion, embrace a cloudy if it -If f
but bore that name. And a cloud is con
sequently presented to us by this measurej A c
replete with future scath. f tlij
Are the people of Texas satisfiedjivitfK
the position in which this bill would place -
them? It concedes nothing of valuerit'
settles nothing; but, on.the contrary,; wi- r
settles every tiling even our western boun-, '
dary ; which has been, in effect, recognised '
and acknowledged to be the Rio Grande
by the Mexican anthorities themselves, as t
emphatically manifested in the,a,Orders! "
of Gen. Woil," carrying out the1 provisions
of Santa Anna's decree of June 17, lasU
These impotent but savage orders, mak
ing it treason to be found in Texas,1 and
proclaiming death to all, without distinc
tion of age or sex, found within that-f De -partment,"
as they are pleased to stylet r
our Republic, still does that sarnV De-
partment " the justice to make:the ioTij
Bravo" its western limit.- Bdt this billj
more unjust to Texas than those inhuman1
orders, denies to her that .boundary '; and '
although it does not threaten her inhale
itants with sudden massacre, Jt twitVioiii-
ly offers to her lips a poisoned jchalice fil-;;
led with ingredients sure to produce slow;
but inevitable dissolution. It does not 'pro-,
pose to deprive her at once 6f.theje)e?
ments of national life, but infoctsfthe;
sources of her political vitality with a sub-
tie bane, inflicting upon the body politic
the brief but palsied existence of a leeblej j
paralytic. Better at once to extinguished j
the nation than to doom it to a state -of
waisting, lingering decay, thus
" Thrown when the war of winds is o'er, '
A lonely wreck on fortune's shore, f;
Mid sullen calm and silent bay, : w.
Unseen to drop by dull decay ; I , . '
Better to ink beneath the shock, .
Than moulder piecemeal on the rockl
THE STATE 0F MASSACHUSETTS;
In the House of Representatives of this!
State, on the 14th inst. according to a reC
port in the Boston Atlas, Mr. Dwightiin
some remarks relating to the appropria-; .
tion for State Normal Schools, stated that
the sum of 3,000,000 had been expended r
by the State since 1831 for benificent pur-
poses, (including the subscription to; the!
Western Railroad,) while the State cxpen-'
ses had been but 83,500,000. And all this 3
without direct taxation. He had. also
learned from good authority that there had
been subscribed by citizens of j Boston; forf
benevolent -purposes, from 1800 to 1833
the sum of $2,100,000; and from 1830 to,
1845, 82,000,000 ; making in alV a total of
84,100,000 in the presenf century, i This
had been DrinciDallv contributed bvrreh.
tlemen who had either been born there or
came there poor, and had been the; artifi
cers of their own fortunes. Orie family;
had recently contributed more than 850
000. There was nothirisr like it in the his
tory of States TCo monarchy, no afistoc-!
racy, no uespousm, nas prouucea sucn re-,
suits, and tney were tue irmts oi our.ireo
institutions. . ' "
Oregon. Dr. White, who has recently re
moved to Oregon, writes to his friends near! I-'
thaca, that a Colony iarapidlr settling " at the
Falls of the Willamette, where Oregon city ha
been founded, containing a population of several'
hundred, (bur stores, three saw mills, and two'
i flour mills, one of which has five run of stones, ,
and cost 8 15,000. "t t f Si 'p. fi ;f.'4fr
They Jiave a regular colonial form of goVeriif
ment, five counties being- represented by 71 3j
members. Tho Legislature had iust closed a.
session of 8 days,-during which 25 bills were,
passed. Dr. W. though hot a member bj pajr-j
ing 810, purchased the privilege of speaking up
on one ot them, proposing to abolish the inan
ufacture, introduction or-ale of ardent spirits,
into the territory. It passed unanimously and
became a law. Attempts hare been made td
introduce liquor, but tbey have been thwarted, '
once, by imposing heavy bonds and once by.
throwing a distillery into the W ilhamette river.
The Executive is composed ot a committee
of three; the Judiciary of Jiidge withobaterr
powers, supreme in his department, who visits,
each count twice a year. Simple as it is, this,
government; answers all the purposes of the
country. ' Every thing is prosperotis ; the crops
are Rood and Dr. White jexpressesthe - belief
that tne region on me uiiaineuu is uc ui
most healtbypand delightful, and proraiiing re
gtons on ine gioue-coMr. ana i i
or
China. We learn iruiu
X- rP-imi ihnt the barque
me uosion i ransenpv '"""r . J
r from that port , for
China, will carry our four fire engines for
the Chinese tfovcrnroeuw ;-rr
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