Td Collars per annu
mm advance.
are for the first,
Court Or-
j iciion of 3&I jr cent, will be made to those
.' MELANCHOLY
7 tTJOMAS HOOD.
wniist tnou art mine.
tol do not taktmj tears amiss;' -kr
tears roust foy to wash Away :
A thought that phcjws w stern as this
-rif"aoin!ewl,UeIforge -
Jb wo to comthj present bliss,
M frighted ProWrpine let fall
fler flowers at ihe .sight of Djs,
Tr'n "the dark "rid bright will kiss.
V"
Tb ganniest HingS throw sternest shade, , f .
And there is fvfn 4: happiness .
That roake's the hfjart afraid. ;
Jr - -
All things are
toacped with Melancholy, .
Bom of the swtet feoul's rnistjust,
to frtl her faiW . ,
Weigh'd dowi .With vile degraded dust :
Een the brigh j exjtrerries of jty . . '
Tp? on conclasiops of dlsgufet,
Like ie sweet; blossoms of the May,
Whose fragrance eiids in must. - . Ij
' " j L ' ' " ' ' I
- Ob g'v aef, then, jher ributr' jusV "
Her eighs anLears,' and musjngs holy !
There i n musiqjin the life " , 1 i
That sounds with iliot laughter solely ; " . I
Then' not a string attuned to mirth, r
Sut has chords bf elanctioly.
- - fl
From the
Niational Inlelligencer." " ''
fjPTAIN FRpMONrs REPORT.
! ''dm'-1 . !
fitfwfI'Sj-it had bcfeh supposeldi that
fehadj finished Ayith th mountains;; and
it evening bfojie it had" been" arranged
iat Carson sHqu d set ouft adaylight, and
sforn to: brer kfe st fat the camp of the
Kales, taking vvj b him all but four or five
n,vho were stay with me and bring
ack theni nles ja jr d mstrii ments. K!A frconl
ingly at the bfeak of dar tbey set dut.-
Ifitii Mr. Preussjand myself remained Ba-
gl Lajeunesse, Cjement Lambert, Janisse,
ind Descoteadxj ;Vhert we had.secured
strength for tlie c ay by a hearty breakfast,
tc covered ,Vh t remained, which was
riiDOgh'fornfe;meal, itf order
tSat it might! be sate fron any marauding
bird ; and, saddlihg oiir mules, turned our
aces once more oxyardsj the peaks3 Thisi
'imft-wft dctcrmiried to nroceed nuifttlv nnrl
cautiously, defibefately resolved to accom-
plisji our ; object; it it were within the
compass of human means. We were ( of
opinion inai ja iony ueuiw wuicxi my toiue
kfCofTesterdayrjs route would lead us to
the foot of the; main peak. Our rnules hadl
been refreheI by the line grass ;n the tit
le ravine at thejpland Qamp, and we in
ended to rida up )he defile as far as pos-
lible. irj order j to j lasbaiid inir strength for
he main ascent. Though this vas a fine
passage, still it .'was a defile. of1 Jhe most
ragged mounrairis khowpj and we had ma
ny a rough and fsteeplippery place to
cross before Veaehins, the end. In this
place the sun rarely -shone snow lay a-
loiig the border of the small stream which
Snved through "tl and occasional icy pas-;
ngismade te f oting of the mules very
becare, and ,the rocks and ground were
koisi wiui tne incKiing waters in mis
iprindf migjity l ivers. We soon hat! the
refaction jtci fiji J urselyes ridinalong
the huge wall vhich forms the central
summits of ihe chaih.. There at last it rose
lyour sides, ja nTirly perpendicularwall
of granite, termiAairrg2,000 or 3,000 feet
above our he ids in a serrated line of bro
ken jagged cj jnejs .".AVe rode on until we
cahie almost iron lediatly- below the main
peat, which I der ominate tKe snow peaki
a? it exhibited "rh Dre snow to the eyeJhari
iw of the neighboring summit?. - Here
v?re three small lakes, of a, green color
tachof perbapsa thousand yards in diam
Jter, and appa re n ly vesry : deepi 'These
(ay making of hasm ; and, according to
the harornfeter,we , bad lattained but a few
hundred feet! abcve the Island Lake." The
barometer hfrcjstood at 20,450, attached
uermometer i(X tie
uAVemanaged io-get our mulcts up to a
kittle bench aboiatl a'?hundred feet above
tnelakjes, Wbcre Miefe was a patch of good
pass, and tujrriejd them joose to graze. Du
ring our Srodgh jrlde f o this place, they had
iBibited t aj wonderfu sure footed ness.
farts of the detud were 'filled with angu-
w, sharp tracmerits of rock, three or fouir
indeiffht! or in feet cube t nnd amon?
fiiese lhey had ivorfced their wav, leaping
one narrqwipoint toanother, rarely
"oak'ner a! false! sieb. and civins us no oc
ioato di jm'oUritA-1: Having divested our
Ives of e vfe'ry aririecelssary encumbrance,
ve commehced the ascent, a his time,
experiencSed tifayellers, we did not
ourselvesJ but1 climbed leisurely, sit
tng down so scion as wefoundjbreath be-
Pnning to failil lAi intervals we reached!
facts where a number ot springs eushedVr
mthe tobksUand about 1,800 feetahovel
lakes' camel to the snow. line. From
tos Doint niir trt(rrss was uninterrunted
.'tHttibing Hi
I 7.7 . I'il vlQm !
therto 1 had worn a pair of
laick
Jotherell put!6rk a light thin pair, which
1 had bought for the purpose, as now the
of onr toes became necessary to a fur-
,lQer ad vance. j a vai led my se 1 f ot a sort
"4 comb of the jmountain, which vstood a
nsuhe Wall ike aj buttress, and which;
fe wirid and the solar radiation, joined to
steepness of the smooth rock, had kept
Nmost entirely free from snow, r Up this I
ray way rapidlV. Our cautious meth
yl advancing in the outset had spared
J)y strength ; land, with the exception of a
l?Psition to Headacne,I felt noirerhairis"
yesterday's; fjlneWtM.Inv'.a few minutes
Reached a point where the buttress was
crhangihg, and there was rib other way
I 8Qrnouhting' the difficulty than by pass
rs arund onej side of it, which, was'the
SJa vertical precipice of several huri-
" ..- -J"-': ' -B, Proprietors:: . v' ;';J "nUMBEIV.20, OF VOLUME -II. "
Putting hands rind feet fri the' crevices?
between the blocks. I succeeded in getting
.over it, and, Jfen! I reached the i top, found
my companions in a small valley below
Descending to them, we contihued climb
ing, and in a slior time reached the crest.
I spranguporj thesummit,tand another
step would hajye- precipitated me into an
immense jsno' ff( Id five hundred leet be
lov.:To the Idgi ot this field waili sheer
icy precipice!; arid tpen, -with ;ar gradual
, O.IIU Willi 'U rUUUUI I
vrA . I. nn ...ill. . . I 1 I
M it trl rTff 0:
til it struck the foot of andther lowpr ridge,
I stood v on
ak narrow crest, about three
leet in .width, with an inclination of about
20 deg. N. 51de.;E. ; As soon as I. hacl
gratified the (f rst feelings of curiosity, I de
scended; and .jpacli ?man ' ascended in his
turn ; for I wpuld only allow one at a time
to mount the unstable and precarious slab,
which it ieerrfed a breath. would hurl into
the abyss bel We mounted the bar
ometer in thesn wvpf the suramin arid,
fixing aTamJh'cre vice, unfurled the
national .'flagjo wa'velh'th'e breeie where'.'
never flag ; w a ; vfejl ; beiore f During our
morning's ascent, we had met no sign of
animal life, ece at the small sparrow-like
bird already me itioried. ; A stillness the
most profound a: id a terrible solitude forc
ed themselves cc nstantly on the mind as
the great feature ss of the place. Here, on
the summit, f he -e the stillness was abso
lute, unbroken by anysbund, and the soli
tude conpfetl e thought ourselves be
yond the region of animated life ; but
while we were setting. on the rock, a soli
tary. bee bramu r, the humble bee) came
winging its ight from the eastern valley,
and lit on th kr ee of one of the men. It
was a strange p ace, the icy rock and the
highest peaklof the Rocky Mountains, for
a lover of vvam tmshine and fldWers; and
we pleased ourselves with the idea that he
Was the first of his species to cross the
mountain barrier a solitaryV pioneer to
fpretelllhe advance of civilization.' I be-
l Iieve that a fnorilerit's thought would have
made us let him continue his way unharm
ed ;Jtvcarried out the law of this
country, wbere all animaied nature seems
at war ; andseiing him immediately, put
him in at lest a fit place in t hp leaves
of a large bepk, imong theflowcrs we had
collected on olir AyKy.' The baroflaeter stood at
18;293, the attached thermometer at 44 deg. ;
giving for thefclevation of this summit 13,570
feetanove thelGu'if of 3Iexico, which may be
called the highest flight of the bee.It is certain.
iy the highest known flight of that insect. . From
the desci ipfiprf given by Mackenzie of the moun
tains where Be crmssed them, viih that of a
French officef stilllfurther to the north, and Col.
Long's measurements to the south joined to the
opinion of thef oldest -traders of the country, it is
presuned that thisj is the highest peak of the
Uocky' Mountainsi The day .was sunny and
luiht, but ,'aslighk shining mist hung over the
lower plani3,ivhicn interfered with, bur vie w of
the surroundTj&g country . On one side we over
looked ' innumerable lakes and streams, the
spring of the fUolorada of the Culf of California ;
and on the olher ivas the Wind river valley ,
where 'were i the-
heads of the Yellowstone
branch of th Missouri ; far to. the north, wc
just could discoverkhe snowy heads of the Trois
Tefons, where vetc the sources of the Missouri
and Columbia rivdrs, and at the southern ex.
tremity of thl ridfB the peaks were plainly vis
ible, among which were some of the springs of
the Nebraska, or Platte river. Around us, the
wholo seen! . had one main striking feature,
which was tlat of erriblel convulsion. t Parallel
to its length the r dge was split into chasms and
fissures; beteeen vhich rose the thin lofty walls,
terminated with s ender minarets and columns,
which is correctly represented in the view from
the camp orf the I iland lake; According to the
barometer, the lilt e crest of the w'all on which
we stood was thrc e thousand nvehundred and
seventy feetabov4 that place, and two thousand
seven hundred and eighty above the little lakes
at the bottom, immediately at our feet. Our
camp, aft be! Two IlilhWan astronomical sta
ibnbore sluth 3deg.east, which, with a bear,
inc afterward obtained from a fixed position,
enabled us It locate the peak. The bearing of
the Trois Thlons was north: 50 deg. west, and
the directioit of tfie central ridge of the Wind
river mountains shuth 39 deg. east, ihesum
mit rock was gneiss, succeeded by sienitic
gneiss. Sientte ana teiaspar succeeaeu in our
S 111 I 1 z
descent to the sndw line, where we found a tela
spathic craiaite. Il had remarked that the noise
produced b the Ixplosion of our pistols had the
usual decree of loudness, but was not in the
least degre prolonged, expiring almost instan
taneously. ilavlng now made what observa.
tions our means aftorded, we proceeded to de-
end. W hnA a'rrnmnliVft a n r1 Atrt nf laud.
able ambition, clnd beyond the strict order of
our nstructions. We had climbed the loftiest
peak of the; Rocky Mountains, and looked down
upon the snow a thousand feet below, and, stand
ing wherejneverj human" fbot had stood before,
felt the exultation of first explorers. ! It was a-
bout 2 o'ejock when we left the sumniit ; and
when we reached the bottom, the sun had al
ready sunk behind the wall, and the day was
drawing to a close. It would have been plea
sant to hate lingered here on thesummit long,
er ; but We hurried away as rapidly as ; the
ground would permit, for it was an object to re
gain "our party a soon as possible, not knowing
what accident the' next hour might bring forth.
' M We. reached ouriaeposite of provisions at
nightfall. I Hera was not the inn which awaits
4he tired! traveller on feis jeturn from Mont
Blanc, brpheorangegrovfes of South America,
with their refreshing juicfes and -soft .fragrant
air : but W fouAd our Jittle cache of dried meat
and coffee undisturbed. iThough the moon was
bright the'Tbad
(was full of precipices,4-arid the
fatigue ofl the diy had been great, T f We there
lore abandoned te idea of rejoining our friends,
arid lay down on ; the rock, and, in spite of the
cold, slept' soundly. i-iYx
August .1(3 jrjWeleft our encampment Xvith
the daylight. . esaw on our way large flock si
of the, mountain goat looking down on us from!
me ciius. . At the crack of a rifle they would;
bound off among; the rocks, and in a fow itnin
uieAmfKe their appearance on some lofty peak,
some hundred or a thousand feet alove. It is
need!cs3 to, attempt any further description of
the country ; the" portion 'over which we (ravel
led this morning u-as rough as imaginatiori could
picture it, and to us seemed equally beautiful,!
A Concourse of lakes find nihinr uitor UiminJ
lain, . l..l.J I . i .
. f
faHh, - dells and, ravines of the most excite
beauty, all kept green and fresh by the creat
moisture in the air, and sown with brilliant
flowers, and every where thrown around all the
glory of most magnificent scenes : thesb con
stitute' the features of the place, and impress
themselves vividly on the mind ofihe trajveller.
It was not until 11 o'clock that we reached thel
place where our animals had been left when wej
first attempted the mountains on foot. 1 Near
one cf the still burning fires we (bund a piece!
of meat,1 which our friends had thrown! away,
and which furnished us a mouthful a very
scanty breakfast. We continued directly onj
and reached our camp on the mountain hike at;
dusk. We found all well. Nothing had oc-1
curred to interrupt the quiet since our departure,
ana me nue grass and good cool water had donej
much to re-establish our animals. Alj heard
with greatdelight the order to turn our faces
homeward : and toward sundown of the 17thj
we encamped again at the Two Buttes.
After suffering many privations and en
countering great danger in an attempt tc
survey the Ri ver Platte, the party reachet
Laramie Fort on their return on the las
day of August, and arrived at St. Louis on
the 17lh September. We can findpacc
for only two or three very brief (Efitracts
from this homeward tour. After describ
ing the passage of their India-rubber boat
over three cataracts, where perhaps one
hundred feetot smooth water intervened,'
the narrative proceeds : I
',Finally, with a shout of pleasure at our suc
cess, we issued frpm our tunnel in the open day
ucuuu. f o wciu ucnuieu wun ine penorni
ance of our boat, and so confident in her powl-
ers. that we would not have hesitated t(i leap a
fall of ten feet with her. We put to shore for
breakfast at some willows on the right bank,
immediately below the mouth of the canon ; j
fbr it was now 8 o'clock, and we had been
working since daylight, and were all wet, faj
tigucd,and hungry, While the men were pre
paring breakfast, I went out to reconnoitre. U
The view was very limited. , The course of the
river was smooth, so far as J could see ; ion both
sides were broken hills, and but a mile! or two
below was another high ridge. The! rock at
the mouth of the canon was still the decomposV
inggrunuc, wiin greai quanuues oi mica, wmcp
made a very glittering sand. j
" We re-embarked at nine o'clock, and in a1-
bout twenty minutes reached the nextciinon.-i-
Landmg on a r0cky shore at its commencement,
wc ascended the ridge to reconnoitre. Portage
was out of the! question. So far as We couijd
see. the iagged rocks pointed out the course of
the canon, on a winding line of seven or eight
miles. It was simply a narrow dark chasm in
the rock ; andl here, tho perpendicular faces
were much higher than in the previous pass, h.
ing at this end! two orjthree hundred, and fuj--ther
down, as Jwe afterwards ascertained, five
hundred feet iik vertical height. Our previous
success had made us bold, and we determined
again to run the canon. Every thing was se
cured as firmly as possible ; and, having divest,
ed ourselves ojf the greater part of our clothing,
we pushed into the stream. To save our chro
nometer from accident, Mr. Preuss took it, and
attempted toproceed along the shore on tfee
masses of rock, which in places wercjpiled hp
on either side but, affer he had walked abqut
five minutes, every thing like shore disappeared,
and the verticaPwall came squarely dbwn into
the water. Ie therefore waited until Sve came
up. An ugly pass lay before us. jWe hM
made fast to the stern of the boat a strong rojpe
about fifty feei along ; and three of the mien
clambered along among the rocks, and; with t
US
In
rope let her down slowly through the bass,
several places high roqks lay scattered about
in
the narrows it required all our strength and skill
to avoid staving the boat on the sharp points.
In one of these the boat proved a little too brobd,
and stuck fast for an instant, While the water
flew over us ; fortunately, it was but for an In
stant, as our united strength forced her immedi
ately throughj The water swept overboard pn.
ly a sextant arid a pair of saddlebags, j I caught
the sextant as it passed by me, but the saddle
bags became! the prey of the whirlpools. )Ve
reached the place where Mr. Preuss was stand
ing, took him on board, and, with thejaid ofjthe
boat, put the men with the rope on the) succeed
ing pile of rocks. We found this passage mrich
worse than ihe previous one, and our position
wis mi hp r a bad one. To co back was i im
possible : belbre us, the cataract was a sheet of
loam ; ana snui up in ine cimsm uj n.iv,
which in 6onie places seemed almost to meet
overhead, the roar 'of the water was deafenjmg.
We pushed off again ; but. after making a tittle
distance, the
force of the current became too
great for the
go the rope.
men on shore, and two of them let
xajeunesse, me miru uwu, ijuug
erked headforemost intLthe river
on, and was j
rock about twelve feet high ; jand down
the boat shot like an arrow, Basil foIJowin us
in the rapid current, and exerting all his strength
to keep in mid channel his head only seen oc
casionaUv like a black spot in the white foam.
far we! went I do net exactly know i but
we succeeded in turning the boat into an jeddy
ha nrrired immediately after us, J4 croii bien
n,lf Vn; nnar tin drmi mile,1 He hal owed his
lifeto. his skill as a swimmer ;
J ll'.ll"' t.J iL.lutn nthi
and idctermin.
ed to take him and the two others onboard, and
trust to skill and fortune to reach tho othej end
in safetjrpc Ve placed ourselves on our knees,
with the short paddles in our bands, the .most
skilful boatman, being at tne now , i anu again
7 cred
rocU after, rock," and sljiot past fall after fall,' our
little boat seeming to jplay with the cataract.'--We
became flushed fitb success, and familiar
with the danger ; and yielding to the excite
ment of the occasion, broke forth into a. Cana
dian boat song. Sinking, or rather shouting,
we dashed along ; and were, I believe, in the
midst of the chorus when the boat struck a con.
cealed rock immediately at the foot of a fall,
which whirled her over in an instant. Three
of my men could not swim, and my first feeling
was to assist them, and save some of our eflects ;
but a sharp concussion or two convinced me
that I had not yet saved myselC A few strokes
brought me into an eddy, and I landed on a pile
of rocks on the left side. Looking around, I
saw Mr. Preuss had gained the shore on the
same side, aboiit twenjty yards below, and a lit
tle climbing arid swinjming soon brought him
to my side. On the opposite side, against the
wall, lay the boat bottom up, and Lambert was
in the act of saving Descoteaux, whom he had
grasped by the hair, and who could not swi.n;
Lacks pas, said he, as I afterwards learned,
ilache pas cherefrertif Cains pas was the
rpply, Je m en vais rour irarant que de te 7a.
cher uch was thefreply of courage and gen
erosity in this, danger!. For a hundred yards
below the current was covered' with floating
books and boxes, bels of blankets, and scatter
ed articles of clothing!; and so strong and boil,
ing was the steam thit even our heavy instru
ments, which Were all in cases, kept on the sur
face, and the sextant, circle, and tha long black
box of the telescope vere iu view at once.
For a moment I felt f somewhat disheartened.
All our books, almostfevery record of the jour
ney, our journals audfregisters of astronomical
and barometrical observations, had been lost in
a moment. But it was no time to indulge in
regrets, and I immediately set about endeavor
ing to save something from the wreck. Making
ourselves understood! as well as possible by
signs, (for nothing could be heard in the roar of
waters,) we commenced our operations. Of ev.
ery thing on board, ihe only article that had
been saved was my double-barrelled gun, which
Dcscoteaux had caught, and clung to with drown,
ing tenacity. The men continued down the ri
er on the left bank. Mr. Preuss and myself
descended on the sid we were on'; and Lajcu.
nesse, with a paddle in his hand, jumped on the
boat alone, and continued down the canon.-
She was now light, apd cleared every bad place
with much less difficulty. In a short time he
was joined by Lambert; and the search was
continued for about a mile and a half, which
was as far as the boat could proceed in the pass.
Here the walls were about five hundred feet
high, and the fragments of rocks from above had
choked the river into! a hollow pass, but one or
two feet above the surface. Through this and
the interstices of thel rock the water found its
way. Favored beyorid our expectations, all of
our registers had been recovered, with the ex
ception of one of my journals, which contained
the notes and incidents of travel and topograph,
ical descriptions, a number of scattered astro,
nomical observations principally meridian alti
tudes of the sun, and our barometrical registei
west of Laramie. Fortunately, our other jour
nals contained duplicates of the most important
barometrical observations which had been ta
ken in the mountains. These, with a few scat
tered notes, were all! that had been preserved of
our meteorological observations. In addition to
these, we saved the circle ; and These, with a
few blankets, constituted every thing that had
been rescued from the waters.
44 The day was running rapidly away, and it
was necessary to reafch Goat Island, whither tho
party had preceded! us, before night. In this
uncertain country thj traveller is so much in the
power of chance that we became somewhat un
easy in regard to therii. Should any thing have
occurred, in the brief interval ofoiir separation, to
prevent our rejoining them, our situation would
be rather a desperate one. We had not a mor
sel of provisions- our arms and amunition were
gone and we were! entirely at the mercy of
any straggling party of savages, and not a little
in danger of starvation. We therefore set out
at once in two parties, Mr. Preuss and myself
on the left, and the men on the opposite side of
the river. Climbing out of the canon, we
found ourselves in a irery broken country, where
we were not yet abe to recognise any locality.
In the course of our descent through the canon,
the rock, which at the upper end was of the de
composing granite, bhanged into varied sand
stone formation. The hills and points of the
ridges were covered with fragments of a yellow
sandstone, of which the strata were sometimes
displayed in the broken ravines which interrup
ted our course, and jmade our walk extremety
fatiguing. At one point of thecanon the red
argillaceous sandstone rose in a wall of five
hundred feet, surmounted by a stratum of white
sandstone ;; and in Ian opposite ravine a column
of red sandstone rose, in form like a steeple,
about one J hundred and fifty feet high. The
scenery was exlretnely picturesque, and, not
withstanding our foflorn condition, we were fre
quently obliged to stop and admire it. Our pro
gress was riot very rapid. We had emerged
from the water half naked, and, on arriving at
the top of the precipice, I found myself with on
ly one moccasin. jThe fragments of rock made
walking painful, and I was frequently obliged
to stop and pull oat the thorns of the cactus,
here the prevailing plant, and with which a few
minutes' walk covered the bottom of my feet.
From thislridge thje river emerged into a smi
ling prairie, and, descending to the bank for wa-
ter, we were joined by Benoist. , The rest of
the party jwere opt of sight, having taken a
more inland route'! We crossed the river re
peaiedly fsometirfies able to ford it, and some
times swimming--climbed over the ridges of
two more canons, and towards evening reached
the cut, which wejhere named Hot Spring gate.
On our previous visit in July we had not entered
this pass, i reserving it for our descent in the
boat ; and, wheniwe entered it this evening,
Mrv PreuSs was si few hundred feet in advance.
Heated with the long march; he came suddenly
upon a fine bold spring gushing.from the rock,
a. hast V.i
most boiling hot. 1 He said nothing to Benoist,
i ho laid J-f-elf Sown to driafe;;- bu. .he .Warn
about tenteet anove tne river. iagKr, io, en
joy the crystal water, he threw himself down for
drauzbLand took a mouttitui oi water ai
from the water arrested his" eagerness, and he
escaped the hot draught. We hud no thermom
eter to ascertain the teriiperature but I could
hold my hand in the water justJong enough to
count two seconds. There are eight or ten of
these springs," discharging" T themselves ; by
streams large enough to be, called runs. -A
low! hollow noise was- heard from the rock,
which I supposed to be produced by the. fall of
water. The strata immediately where they is
sue is a fine white and calcareous sandstone,
covered with an incrustation of common salt.
44 Leaving this Thermopylae' of the West, in
a short walk we reached the red ridge which
has been described as lying just above Goat
Island. Ascending this, we found some fresh
tracks and a button, which showed that the olh
er men had already arrived, A shout from the
man who first reached the top of the ridge, re
sponded to from below, infotmed us that our
friends were all on the island ; and we were
soon among them. We found some pieces of
buffalo standing around the fire for us, and man
aged to get some dry clothes among the people.
A sudden storm of rain drove us into the best
shelter we could find, where we slept soundly,
after one of the most fatiguing days I have ev.
er experienced."
44 On the morning of the 3d September we
bade adieu to our kind friends at the fort, and
continued our homeward! journey d;wn the
Platte, which was glorious with the autumnal
splendor of innumerable flowers in full and bril
liant bloom. On the warm sands, among the
helianlhi, one of the characteristic plants, we
saw great numbers of rattlesnaks, of which five
or six were killed in the morning's ride. We
occupied ourselves in improving our previous
survey of the river; and, as the weather was
fine7astronomical observations were generally
made at night aqd at noom"
We must refer the botanical reader to
Professor Torrey's Catalogue of the Plants
collected by Capt. Fremont.
This is, we are afraid, but a very mea
ger account of this interesting and valua
ble document. Our object has been to
give such extracts as were most likely to
interest the general reader. The man of
science and the statesman will turn to it
for more important objects than amuse
ment, and their reference to it will, we
think, be satisfactory.
We purpose givinga sketch of the 'Se
cond Expedition in a subsequent paper.
Manufacture of Locks in New Ildcen.
The New Haven Courier gives the fol
lowing statistics of the factory of Pierpont,
Mallory & Co.. in that city :
There are here manufactured nine dif
ferent styles of door locks and four forms
of latches, together with all the various
kind of trimmings used with the same, oc
cupying five large buildings. They man
ufacture largely an article called the Min
eral Knobs, of which they have sold, thus
far, at the rate of 120,000 per year, with
a constantly increasing demand. One
building, forty feet in length, is used en
tirely for finishing the knobs and janpan
ing locks. A second is fitted with ma
chinery, for cutting by dies the escutch
eons, shanks, and other trimmings con
nected with this article. The bolts to dif
ferent kinds of locks made here, are all
fitted, with great precision, by dies con
sequently, a large amount of labor, form
erly bestowed upon them in the way of
filling, is dispensed with. In this estab
lishment are made door ocks, latches and
Knoost)! an sizes, paiiems anu uescnw-
t5c Cn:.nt tA iho v.Jnn dpmanrls and
ilVll Of OUI1VU IV IUV V -
markets throughout the country. Here
may be procured locks and trimmings from
83 up to 850 per dozen, well adapted to
the rudest door and the most costly man
sion. There are here employed some fifty
hands, who receive wages, collectively,
per year, from 818,000 to 820,000 ; and in
many instances, their frugality and indus
try are exhibited in the neat dwellings
erected from the proceeds of their com
mendable and honest labor.
A melancholy affair has happened- in
Washington. The statement of the affair las
given is, that 44 aifference had existed between
the parties, consisting of William R. Elliott,
brother-in-law of John C. Rives, and Bailey
and Kendall. About half past 4 o'clock on Mon
day, they met in a Drug Store on the corner of
14th street and Pennsylvania avenue, when
some conversation took place, which resulted
in Bailey's striking Elliott, for an alleged insult.
Elliot immediately left the store, and Kendall
and Baily depajd in another direction. About
6 o'clock, Elliott returned to the same Vicinity;
and, looking to the opposite side of the street,
Tl-.!1.. TTaiuI.11 annrA,li!n, Tl(i
had no sooner came within twenty paces of him
than he fired, with a revolving pistol, at Ken
dall, with which he bad provided himself during
the period of their separation. The ball pene.
trated the thorax, and produced death instanta
neously, i .. Elliott then fired at - Bailey; and
wounded him in the arm. Bailey stooped to
pick up a stone, and in this way missed the ball.
But Elliott again fired, twice ; and Bailey then
pursued him into Fuller's Hotel, but Ell lot elu
ded him by jumping out of a back'wlndow, and
thus made bis escape, Elliott was arrested,
the same, night, and examined 'lefbre tbe Ma
CMtratesf He was fully committed for trial.--Raleigh
Register.: ;
J A more gloVious rctbrycannot he gainea
nv-r nnntfiAr man than this that when the lnjU-
ry Degan on his pan, Kinune
. ' - '-mm ' - : J V. a 1 1 rtomn nn
ours.
AGRICUL i TUR A L j
f
'. VERY IMPORTANT.
1
Permit us to call the attention, of far-!
triers in this section, to the following artif
cle from the North Carolina Farmer."
Il is very probable thaf some of them may
be! vastly benefitted by noticing, the sug
gestions here made"-: 'fi.?-i.t-.f-v
As the crops of almost every; descripi -tion
have fallen far short of their usual
abundance in every part of the State, it ;
is expeuieni 10 naopi every means ui say
siocuyc iui until uuu ucaau tucii
every farmer commence, at once, a system
of economy, and see that it . is strictly fol-j
lowed, in feeding that nothing be wasti :
ed. The next step isJo make every thing; v
e.?e ma IVv vv k w 9 1 kftoui 4 T 4 n ! . .J
that .can be produced whilevthe season
et too late, if the ground is liberally ma-
nured and welfprepared. ; They arc ex-1 7
cellent in fattening hogs arid cattle ; anal
if well boiled, with corn meal and a little'
salt, until thoroughiyrcookedrmaking'a!
slop of little more consistenci; than'griicli ;:
they will save?tvo4hifds of the corn nsu- :
ally thrown Jto siicb ariitnak "and. fatten
t hem riiore rapid ly;' So w largely of :rye .
eany mis iau, wnicn win misyer ior win
ter grazing, and supply an Nearly . grain l
crop next jear, which will furnish ;vhblc-(V
some food for maa arid ".beast.?.' Save -aUv.
the crab grass and other kinds oC-hay that t
rnn nan. Cut down, cure and stack urt
ait tne staiKS oi corn in me ciieiu vuicii
p reduce no ear. This year there are.maj,V
ny such in every field ; and after the cbrnj t
is gathered, cut and haul all the stalks r :
and set them up under a shelter on end,
to use as wanted. They are. good food .
for both horses and cattle, if only enough 4
uc uivcu luciii cucu uay w uc uiuivcu vtcuui ,
and the part refused will add much tothe
manure piles. 5ave all thT pea vines that
can be snared from fhe"land. Thcv make c
the best sort of rough -food for cattle ana
mutes. f ,
Here wTe will suggest two or threet es-.
- tt iL.j. e ? ' '
cenent meinoas oi suviuir oca vines.' l.
. - - ,
An intelligentpractical farmerlivingneap
Raleigh, informed us the other day, thatV
nis pian oi saving pea vines uau never -
l.T.. .1 m .lhilk itS lief koTlHA C liof 4 f AllV . .
itxiicu , niiitu i3t juov uciuib Vtih
or null them up, with all the peas that rei-"-"
main on them and haul them immediate
lly tca square pen made of rails, with a -
I i n i i. .1. if.. .1. J. 1 ,
i an uoor, anu pacit mem away in me pen
without waiting for them to cure, by tread-
inr down alternate J a vers of 'drv straw.
and vines until the pen . is' full, carrying;'
up an opening in the middle from bottom
to top, for air and evaporation, which may
hA Hnnp stiitrino' a sne.K nnf? witn straw. A
" w " - " - " o . w
stacking round Jt, ana arawmg u up wiia ;
'- - . - . - . ti i .4 .
UlC laiO) until jiuvniu v...-
plcted.' 2. Another plan is, toTpulb ana-,
put I hero up green, in the form of '"a top
stack, Smoothing down the leaves and"
hmnrbes outside. 3. Another, which' we .
have tried with complete success, is to cut
down a tree 4 to 5 inches in diaractcn .
with many branches; trim the; limbs-up'-
in sugar loaf shape, leaving them lorig as W
possible at bottom ; then cut off the . tree
.. . , x . , 1M.2
T"S 1 set mu gruuim iiiiuij, x
SiaCK poiP, wiui hicbc iiuiua auuui a. iuui,
above the ground ; then stack your vines, "
(best a little wilted; soon alter pulling, on
this, laying them on in such a manner
(beginning at the bottom.) thriV the limbs .
will cause suincieni opening air ine; way
up for air, which will prevent heating ojf:.
moulding; and the vinesandj peas will
be cured as brightly arid, sweetly, as "the
very best of blade fodder. i ; J J
Once more ; save all the cobs and shucks,
and, if possible, have the corn . for t stock
grounu up, auuuu, wu aim mii. v. tjtiw. . -
and a half to two gallons t tms; meaif
sprinkled on cut fodder or hay, moisteil
with a little water, will keep aTwork'horso;
fat. The saving, in this alone, would be
great : but how much greater, if the . rea-t
der will attend to all the above sugges
tions I
u.?:;-4r
U. S. Naval force Jnlthe Gulf. Tho:
Washington Constitution says t the Uni-
leu oiaies, squaaron in me uuu ui-i'''.
co is ample for any emergency likely, to ;
arise in vnai quaner., mciuutut, ,
frigate Mississippi, now on.ner.way, ii.
will consist of ten vessels oi; war, uiou.
ing over two hundred guns.!: . This, .we
believe, is a larger force ilhan has ever.
been, nereioiorewiiyMi-i .
command ot any navai omcer io ur
vice. On the western coast of 4 Alexico
there is, or. shortly will be, eight of our.
vessels of iwar, and this force will be Jn;
creased by the vessels of the! East India,
squadron, now on their, way home . ; ; . ;
Nashville--This beautifurcityisgrbw:
ing with the rapidity of some of the most
flourishing towns and citiesof ,the north.
Tbprri jirp.rnmv 1 in ? orogress . of - erection
there forty-twb business buildings,; sixty-,
eight dwelling housed two enure uc uu
a large hotelr-cr
i ... :,.
i J -
' .- r v
.ij.
-I
- -
. T
... -r- . ... .fc . . , . i . ''W
'
It; .. I
W v . V -
. ' '.V
J
a t
t