JdrceJpfrcenUigher.;n !
for th fi
i ! ADDRESS
i
' m: it .-
I have never npP
wi Carolina.
the pub-
and
ent-
ht of
sim-
Uarcll before
by mysclforptUv.sc to write do jvn
iilnn airamM me, but hkye hdh-
cHo chosen la baij Unjust, rebulec in si
fcncfai ttly"Poni time and man ler
or life td W sign; to oblivion thelwh.sr er
ihgs oribecnvioUs and the calumnie; oi
the malignant. I do not affect to conceal
that a .departure' trom mis ruie gives ime ,
much paiiv, and, l am persuaded ; tha j if
rrtanj of myartehds, aiu not uiirj inni u
is a duty i owe to the people not to re
main silent under the recent cj;nsur of
phrenxied partisans, I should leave it as
far as concerns mc, to my kown ohara :ter
nHheeirdonying act which has tiro
yoked ft; jto yindicaje the patriotism
parity of py motives ; reposing konfid
ly upon me discernment una juqgme
OA lnieuiuun.v 'yuiiti hi oi ine
pleiactsas wicyuccurreu ; anu not uouui
inff that, so soon as the occasion had pass
ed by; and there was no longer a ntccs-
.. . r. f I i . i ...r. U JiXn-Ut
say wr eruvving joiners wuu n nui
bare been supposed j were more timid in
their purpose, rind no chance to deceive
the people at the Aonh Carolina elections,
ty unscrupulous iioeis againsi me, my as
sailants ivoud ccajje from their "dirty
iworfc jrind bad: men, who measure the
motives of the virtuous by a standard of
nipfais wnicn ce jnas ereciea in meir
owii bosoms, would ,ro hunting Aftei some
freih viciitn. to gratify their ignpble mal-'
ice. liut I corile btifore you at this time
to 'speafefprinyst'lli r6t of othersj a'nd to
defend thy own ilaitlifiilness, not to dxpose
their dCHgns ; anu i think rnysHf Iiappy 4
Ibat naye iiuci nonest people qt iorth
Ckrolirui' to judge my cause. I invjoke no
&yrnpaliy, lask fiocqmpassion,andl thank
God i need them not. lut; with thd proud
consciolisness o( on?; wlio has dare 1 to do
his dutj as a servant of the Ur pu lic, a
midst dangers and trials such as, trust,
BRUNER & JA1IES,
j Editors Proprietors J
s
A CHECK VTOX ALL' YOC
is SAFE. ' " "
:1
r
mi-
Rulers. - Do THJS, akd Ijbertt ;
. l Gem' I. Harrison.
NEW SERIES, 1
NUMBER lb, OF, VOLUME Jill
f H
GilFRIDMy BEBTEMBER: 4, .1846.1
septatiyes, (Mr. McKayO were frequently
held asho the best mode of alteridg and
re.fbrmihg the tariff of 1842. Thevmore
eminent men of the Democratic party in
trie Seriate, and leading statesmen from
different sections of the Union i if Congress
took piirt in the deliberations ani investi
gations which preceded and accompanied
the formation of what was then called and
known as McKay's bill and report viz;
in March, 1844. In the councils whence
tljat bill proceeded I had the honor to be
admitted as. an humble and unpretending
participator, so that 1 knew, and it cannot
be denied, that quite all the Democratic
Senators from the South and West, and
very nearly every one from the North and
East, assented to or acquiesced in it. It
formed a subject of congratulation, I re
remember, amongst the members of the
to
to
party from all sections at that time, (18 14,) ! of me.
Republic Was it mv diitv to vou. or ta
the. Democratic party of North Carolina
O; nave Gone that f And had 1-no riffht
resign and retire from ill Was I bound
told on to mv office, and put up the!
pretended excuse that the' Democrats of
North Carolina had changed their minds,
arid repudiated " McKay's bill" of 1814
Ifojr a njw and different mieasure in 1846
or that the people desired me to pass the
latter, when, forsooth. I did not know the
fact to be so, and in my heart I did not be
lieve it;? So far from its being the case,
I 'more than doubt whether thousands of
you have not taken it for granted, or been
led to believe, down to tliis dav, that the
McKay bill" of 1814 was the same thing
that is called so in 184G, whereas they ard
as different as light: is frorn darkness. No
my constituents never required such things
Hi i
to terminate it bv a treaty. for. peace and dustry of our own country burdened bv
a neiy territory, viz: California. No hon-J discriminations made against home man
ufactures. Their policy was to build ud
and not to destroy, to protect and not to
oppress. Not so the experimental tariff.
And is it not a mistake to suppose that
the republican people of North Carolina
were at any time hostile to 'those acts
merely because j they were " protective
Our bosUlity was aimed at the extent ;of
the thing not thel iAin itself ; at extreme
protection, not protection per se.. With
here and there as' individual exceptiori-r
for republicans in those days wereCalloiv
ed to differ I boldly affirm that this was
republican doctrine of our State : and the
people will know it to be true when 1 re
are not to crow common in our Govern-
mentfI;Stand before you to lay clhim to
of all good me tip more especially it those
belonging Jath'e .Democratic -party. I feel
andlnohis Jay,1 and I will proe even
totnyetjertiies, that in my station is a Se
nator, and in retiring from it, I incurred
no guilty-"! deceived no one I betrayed
no party i mauc no sacnlice qt tour in
terests, and no surrender of your-fights
none at'Il, directly nor indirectly. And
they wlio liavc charged the contra -y, with
all whoj fom any motive,, persom 1 or po
litical, iiavft given to it thoir aid and coun
tenance', did ' bear false witness.'
Jtis tfue iliavbn the 25th July, a feVv
mbmenis 'beforq Jthc vote was (ixj ected to
have been taken on the new tiirilf bill of
IS U), (improperly called "'McKays bill')
t rtiigned my seat 'as a Senatjor in Con
grrw into the hands of North (jtuiolina, to
whom it -bclo.Dd; Relieving that it was
jpiy dutyjto tlo iti sooner than cast my vote
against ny conscience for a an that !
could, not '.approve, and know nj; that it
waVmy-perlect right to do it, ami that-J
would be but exercising that rigbtinpre
cise accprdanc( w ith the last v:ri ten doc
trine ofithe Leisfature and .of tie party
Avbo elected nie. in this only' hive I of
fe tided "and i n j m a ri ly sincerit;;, ut with
that plainness of speech which t le hum
blest ninn in"Tricrcbmmunity will be able
to Understand for himself, I pre cc ed to lay
befire voii mv explanation.
in thej Naiional Councils had been thus '
brought to harmonize in what was thought
to be a reasonable, prudent, practical mea
sure of legislation upon this subject, which
seemed likely to put at rest and settle the
tariff dispute. Unfortunately, it did not
pass ine xiouse ox representatives : l will
ijot stop to siate the cause. . But, notwith
standing its temporary defeat in that body,
the Democratic party once put themselves
before: the people of the Union upon that
bill as a common platform, and it was
promulgated as their j proposed scheme of I lowed j theirs.
reiorming me tariu act ot 1B485; " ivlc
Kay's ireportn of 1844 was published and
sent forth as the true and authentic inter
pretation of their views in regard to the
Change we were afterwards to insist upon.
So I understood it at the; time, and ever
since, and so have I constantly declared.
The bill was named after its author and
advocate, (Mr1. McKay,) ; a statesman of
iWth .Carolina a Southern 1 man and a
Democrat. My own opinions in; its favor
we,re freely expressed in all my intercourse
with you, and they are not unknown in
any quarter, lhe Democratic; press in
North Carolina, withoujt exception, ap
plauded it. The Democratic party zeal
ously approved of it throughout our limits
If there was a single one of them who did
not, I am yet to learn the fact. Hundreds,
if not thousands, of the other patty in pur
State gave their approving voice in its fa
vor. Qur elections in 1844 and 18 15, all
of therfi, were conducted upon that basis,
so far jks the tariff question entered into
them at all. -Every intelligent man in the
nationllgnbws the fact that the fall elec
tions of 1844Tacrtrioseri the spring ot
1845, throughout thfer.. United- States, for
members to the present Congress, were;
carried on, if not upon the same basis,
with a! knowledge of that bill and report.
The North sato in it a pledge of the South
and West that we did not mean to break
down and oppress the labor and industry
bf the Jtforth and East. The South saw
in it a treasonable concession to their de-
e$t country would take the territory with
out paying the owner for it, if we would,
Mexico cannot yield it upon any other
terms. IJence, whether we were to"ave
peace or war with Mexico we J needed
much: more money to carry on the; Gov
ernment.!; When the plainest rules of a
ritbmetic and common sense thus compell
ed me tbf withhold my support from a ta
riff experiment, to be made now. at the
expehse df the nation's credit; how could
I hesitate ? "
: Second. The tariff" of 1842 ought to
have; been modified, but not by an act
which reduced the duties as early as the
1st December.
In all great alterations of the tariff di
minishing duties, the reductions ought to were against protection out and'out : We,
l. JiLi ii - . . ' T..t i 1-ir . ...
ue iuiiuo upon reasonaoie nonce to the ! me jackson; repuoucan pany oi Aorta
mind them thatjt was precisely the point!
of our dispute with the Nullifiers. they
"But let me'tcil vou wh:ft It
lay duties or taxes upon coo i
from foreign countries, accord! i to ;
lue of the goods -at the tn v,'.., :
whence they come the law fixii t
cent, and the collector of it asb r,
the. foreign Value of whatever; is t
viz. the sum of the taxfor wl.-c '.;
not responsible to you, but to ths Ti :
Department. And a specific duty ;
same tax imposed uponlhe same an!
the law itself, however, distinguis !.!
values, by establishing, the particu! :
of taxation, and. leaving nothing f :
collector lo do but to weigh or rr.
thc.quantity; 'uherein. if he be pi:
fraud, he may probably be convict
if disposed to oppress the mere!. .:
is specific, the collector only vtl
measures the quantity ; where it is .
rem, he not only measures or wci"!
quantity, but likewise deterrnir.e s
his own judgment, tho foreign v::!
the things imported. . The 'nn'tfrr:::
as approved by 'your ; Goverr.ir. :.
been heretofore that of making a'l t
ties specific which can be rhr .!c .
let the others be ad valorem; but :
duce the list of ad valorem dutie -.
time to time, by adding to the I'm of.
The experimental tariff condemns
pudiates this policy altogclhtr, tt ;
scribes a new one, of having ell tl.
ad valorem, and none of them s
Believe me, I do not mean to bring into I people whose property and business will
qtiestian the course of other Democratic i be affected by them. In that case there
Senators who condemned the act, and yet
gave it their vote. It is my right to state
may ibe inconvenience to some, but it does
not bring ruin down upon So may innocent
that there were not a few of them who .-people.;, j Not 'giving time, infant factories
did that. Neither do I mean by this to j are destroyed by the hand of legislation,
Vith this explanation, you cn !. .
difficulty incomprehendingmy oi
to the new principle of the experir:
tariffs . ' - ;
be thus rudely taking by law from the
workingman of his country. And the ex
perimental tariff act was the more ob-
jectionable; inasmach as many of our
rUic ubject of t tariff; and the system
w aws;.uy which taxes are imposed and
collected for tho use of the General Gov-
crnrnent'throughou'i the Union i$ cine of
deVb fnjnorta'nce, '. but of muc :i ntricacy
tind great; ditliiculty in its judicious ar
rangement. ' Such after taking my seat in
thejSenate of iW United States I(in De
ceraberj 1813) I for one felt what iny man
p he first, goep Into Congress directly
frop private life will be apt to experience,
ahtj tua was, si lack of necessary know
ledge and in forinatlon upon it. With an
.ambhida to learn tny duty as a legislator
for thisJgTeat lfepublic, and a fix ;d deter
rnination to pursue it afterwards, I immc-
u,aeiy gave nly whole1 mind to the study
assail mv friend Mr. McKay. Far from
it. They are my i friends personally and
politically, and in taking a different View
of thejr duty they did me no wrong, and
in defending my own conduct, I intend not
io arraign meirs. j vvnust
the light of my conscience
In! questions of conscience,
it musit be conceded that God is the judge,
and eyery man must stand or fall accord-,
ing asj each believes for himself. So that
not unfrequently there are. cases where
men in the same circumstances may act
differently, and yet both be guiltles. j
But what rhave said upon the historv
and purpose of the McKay bill" of 1844
did not form all' of my objection to the
new tariff of 1840, improperly named "Mc
Kay's! bill ; and which I shall, for the sake
of discrimination, more properly call the
'Experimental I antt. j ;
t My opinions shall be :laid before you
without disguise, and yoju shall see whe
ther, laken in connexion with an unneces
sary and improper abandonment of the
real McKay bill of 1844, they do not show
that in my hostility to the experimental
tariff I was faithful to you and my coun
try, and true to myself and my party.
. Fortunately for me, those opinions, so
far as they looked forward to its ultimate,
consequences oh the harmony of the party
or the welfare of the Republic, I am no
longejr under the necessity of supporting
by labored arguments. For good or e
vil, the law has passed. If it should be
repealed or modified at the next session,
that will be of itself a complete vindica
tion of mv opposition to it at the present.
II it snouici DCj permiiiea.-io remain in wuiig wasscs. mc luauuiauiumsai mc
force in the form that I Was required to North are not all "Abbott Lawrences,"
vote upon it, then time will soon deter- whose fortune has been the theme of so
mine whether my opinion of it was right many tariff speeches. The compromise
or wrong. I abide the result without fear: i tariff act, under Gen. Jackson, in 1833, re
mand for practical free trade. The peo- j yet, if I know myself, without a wish to J duced the duties gradually and periodical-
It was a maxim of theRevUut!
rt representation"and taxation
together." Now, this is a great : .
of liberty, never to be despistul ; ;
abrogation of it cannot be necesar,
interest of the Hcpublic. But it;
nothing, unless it creates the duty
ing taxes by the law, and not! by t!
ccrs who collect it f so that the
who reads the law! may, as far r. t
uuuie. see in u wnai u taxes ii:m : (
Carolina in particular, went for inciden
tal projection, moderate protection by a
"judicious tariff? They were for declar
ing the tariff of 1 828' and 1832 unconsti
tional, and nullifying it because it protec
ted manufactures. We thousht it was un-
and the older and more mature establish- 'just because the protection was extreme,
ments are compelled to diminish their ope-! but not unconstitutional, and that the
rations forthwith, arid consequently to dis-! "Union must be preserved." What tho rp-
charge a number of their laborers, and re-! publican party of North Carolina thoUcht
uueq uie. ages oi an. i ne laborers sut- i men, i mougni, ana spoke, and wrote
IITI -I T t '-1 : t' U . 1 .1 A 1 ; I .
vv nusi i nave pursuea cr iiioie iiian me owners, uecause iney v nnu,cominguovn io more recent events,
science! they have fol-1 are less able to bear it. The sudden loss let me say thatiMcKay's bill of 1814 was
ot work will be to many ot them and their ; a tantt ot incidental protection, which you 1 too, whorrf the people have nq f.-j.
families loss of food and miment ; and : and l and all the:Democrats in Congress appointing, and cannot remuvc-
iuaiivnjcn me law-maiier is commanaeu , iriu aroi na approvea ana sus- who -i.,
to pay for his " daily bread" he would tained, and the people of ourparty in North i own discretion nnrKvhin v; 1
t ' i : . l . . v v .,..
Xttromm nere opposea last year, ana : ment, in this country, as to 'the
inauguration and afterwards, and even
down to the dai' of the report from' the
countrymen the Northern laborers, who present Secretary of the Treasury. Care-
are to sutler under it will be put out of mi study, longer experience, and closer
employment in the beginning of the win- ! examination, have confirmed me in the vict the officer oflntentional -, i'
ler, wnen;oiner employments win De od- ; aun oi inose limes, lorunea as u was iy it must be proved that he a
tained ; wun tne great ditiicuity ; and at ' me aumoruy oi me aaministrations ot
the North the poor, without labor and wa- Washington, and Jefferson, and Madison,
ges, encounter a degree of suffering in that and Monroe, and Jackson, all Southern re
inclement season which we haVe no just ! publicans andi Southern Presidents. Is
consistency treason I It may be a; mis
fortune to me that I was unable to change
with the times but it would be a crime to
deny my faith. To avoid misrepresenta
tfon I give you the words of those, wise
and eminent and patriotic men. .
Mr. Haywood here makes copious ex
tracts from the Writings of President Wash
value of property in all foreign la:; !
not be successfully impeached, I
the witnesses to do it live abroad, r.
not begot here ; and if the v c
would still be almost impolitic
a.'s
conception of at the South. You must see-
it before you can fully appreciate it. Al
so, a sudden alteration of the tariff must
of necessity disturb the home market of
our jmanufacturers, coal-diggers, and me
chanics! and involve hundreds and thou
sands, ih losses to some, ruin to others, and
suffering to many.
Even a bad tariff law, then should not
be repealed so as to fall down too hastily,
and knew it too. Is not this new d
then, more than a slight depart u:
this maxim of the Republic J:
approved, upon the notion that t!
principle of. a representative deu.
has become impracticable ? .S.
sanction the pretence that tie r
presentutives will cheat them! in .
the specific duties, and assume at t!
time that custom-house ofllccis
more scrupulous and more ji;t t
fixing the values under a syMcm c ;
lorem duties? Oucht such a d
ington, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe and : from a t and fubndamentaI
c: t ;
when its gradual abrogation would create Jackson, to show that their views of the j representative Government to L
Iessincbnvenience to the Government, and j Tariff coincided with those advanced by j ted, much less engrafted permatu
the laws of a free people, without
its sudden change may oppress the poor, ' Mr l
or ido injustice to any section. The Gov- -T . . ' , 4 . .
i i . i ii Now, the experimental tariff, as I inter
ernment ought to have compassion on all . ' , 1 . , ,, . . , . . .
the beonle. and narlicularlv nnon th' la. I Prec !t lunuameniaiiy vioiaieu inis uoc
.. . V l .
dable necessity, and sanctified :
of our democratic faith, without t
the people? A step or two fun!
we shall be carried to a point Li
gress can do nothing but declart s
pie every Where saw in it the hope for
jmoderate legislation, and the prospect of
a permanent arrangement of a question
that had been agitating the nation for a
jquartejr of a century; and if your memo
ry still serves you with a recollection of
iany othe speeches of our candidates for
the last Legislature or the present Con
gress, jmade in North Carolina only a year
trine. It discriminated, but it did so a
gainst our domestic labor, and in that way
o nl 4a fViof nvtnttt if mQrf a tl'QI- ,ir-mn t Vi c
anu iu uidir vail 1 1 i. ti, iiiau nai uiwi iuc . . , ,
, 4 . r .u a' .l j ' gregatc revenues which may Lc If
vitaK interests of the North. And pray, i f, , " i i .it
4 i . cr i . .u me Government, and leave the I
what inducements were offered to ISorth i . 4 ., , .
rl 1 A .1 .1 c i LFCli llJICIlb iU WUIltVb ii4lAJ tie l..
nrn inQ hv (hiG DYnrtmAnt thnt hnr oti '
'I i ixAtrf f a its aImaapc a n1 n rif ' i
ators should help to carry on the unnatu
ral conflict ? What but the naked desire
see evil come of it, merely for the sake of i ly for nine years. It gave nine years no-
nl.ilmlnfr Upaafto. t K o rWrmlf nnlillnal . t'lPPi T7l. PTTiPri mmtlll TflriiT Will fP.
sagalitr my resistance to it. - duce all the duties upon only four months' for an parent party umty where there
just legislation ; harsh to the wealthy, cru- ! 1,na, ad no ,?cal f btale, ",tefl ,llch
el to the laborer, and unjust to both ; and ! w Uc served, or elevated by it. None,
the general welfare did not require it. r?L r .u- n n . i
ThiruTThe Independent Treasury, of 1 "er U1. "llskuuurtc?. i
itself a great change ; the Warehousing ,ow of illustrations by a tedious detail of;
. . . . . a n 1 1 in oraipri iiriir ' rtrv i i i iiir m
ago, I beg to know whether it was not off her coasts, along the Pacific Oceanand , act another ; and the Experimental lantl, -itahi- onoasion. onlv rpmarkin-
the greatest ot tnem an, will, when taken , . t ' ... ,.
together, work an entire revolution of our lTor lhe Prescnt ll?a ,f an' h.ou,i be
IIlllVIUi J ' v "- J
Thbse, then were my opinions, as they
are njow : : ;, .
; First. Our country is involved in an ex
pensive war, and the wisest among you
cann6t foresee its close. We have a large
army1 invading Mexico, arid a large navy
Uniformly proclaimed that all true Demo
crats vyere going in favor of" McKay's
bill of 18-14 i Dear in mind that the
in the Gulf of Mexico. The sum already
appropriated by Congress for the Govern
ment expenditures of the nscal year ex
r- . L . :T ...t. 1
71 ,""r r ,, i , ... LlI .:Wk K Mf.K- isuc oi iue new iariu,no one wuo regarus
Aicray our ot 1844 ana the JVlclvay ceeasy muons oi oouars. vux u hvhJZ his reputation, will ventore to contradict
bill of U 846 agree in nothing but the aame,
as 1 will showyou hereafter.
And what, let me ask, was the result of
experimeniaiiann raise revenue suuiciein. Uyi j -v-...0 , , f. . Tnprimpntal tarifF rlnr
to " pay as we go ?" Certainly not. Con- nearly united, as they will be, in the time ln; act !nat thR. expenmental,tantt dots
. ..? V.y. ... :l ? ' j .1 r"? " :.u !f- .i Lri. ,m0n0om nt ifivn.ipni.tn not discriminate mfavor of American man-
gress Knew mai. unci iiiereiure xuiiiui iz,t'u imwi wuixi-iivi.mKi.l . ,vr r . j . . j-
t . . rr 1 1
oest io irs omcers. anu accoran:
rules. , j : . ; !
I come now to show that v.hr.i
perimental tariff" makes the rule ;
tion the fathers of the Hcpublc r:
exception. What- they decla'rt t!
fruitful mother of frauds, it bus :
as the only parent of our revenue
Mr. Haywood again quotes, in
of his views, from official pnjc r (
ting from the Administrations of II
Inn " Jtffmnn "Tnillsnn. mid 1f ;ir
' - 'U' ' ' '
tained by the authority otAlcxan h r
Uton, Albert Gallittn, Alexnm'.ir
las, and William II, Craufnrd:"
These opinions, of the great : r.r
and reasonably, by a j nent men of ourcountry, were jr.
s" law of love amonirst i troverted, so far as wc know; i
mon countrv.is the same ! present time; and upon whatr;i:
.. . . . e A . ...... I
r . t n- in .i i i- .u i i ii i ii lt in orincinie inounn not in neirree naiuwn -uuv,i v
avenue enough .to pay one naljol the ap- wiuanecr an me ous.ness oi ine pcopie , - - . - ; to refuse to them the homarrc
. . . ii ii f ir .4
, all this f In the JNorth, as well as in the ; a loan oi ren: minions, ai me very ume we a1T,p..c..91ul. i.w.. , moderatelv
South knd West, the elections to the pre- were passing this tariff ; and the first act , them into sinultaneous operation was, in-
i sent Congress ended favorably to the De- j pt the next session will probably be one , :aeea, a pomicai rnovemeru oi pany ioo , b f CQm
l moopiii nni-ti- a n.. i m.;.; nr lihn mi inns mnrp. VV ill U. nrofluee vioieni anu ioo noieni lor touu. mey ... . .
-w--W-v f ' A MF I1VVIU11V till V 7
2 (
pu consiucrauon sot this tan svs pm. r " .i. " :. j r .t '
i'iii iiLi. !. !, r i '. ujuiu man siaiv were rciurneu io uiu i
!S?i7n 11 UTn eQ 10 ft "ouse of Representatives. The same par- propagations 1 am quite sure it w,l not. mqst injuriously ; ana wun a oovernmeni ; ed ,Q me lh"at its would confidence, and j support ? Whr.t
BOqd deirrec the Ch el lOneratihns in pnm. 1 . . l i i ci . i ! i,. )..nnnfni A'iA nnt aii Vi'if it trlll Af ; pYfipriftiturp! nf iittv iTiillinns and a rpvenue 1 rtj".icu iu mc ititxi. no (jiwsat 1 1 ,
' ' i .t'- i .j m r .1 4 r; i : r v neia a ma oniy in me oenate. Ana a i us v.""v T.r :.V. ' 7 , hn cnkt tnt ntr thnr . vfprdav have induced me to loreco it.
IM Si t V 1' ill manTaCU;eS-,n i-noiratic President, nominated afterthe much morej Wherefore, if this experi- under twenty millions, the Government it-1 ip- 0mce or ,,i peri- , .ion ol my own judgment. 11. -t:
hi "f 1 Duri"? " McKay bill" of 18-11 had been framed i men works las well as its warmest friends setfjmay be; crushed under the.r combined , flfty a ofoS? own Go eminent ' sucl. authority and confirmed by
Mltr Jv-, .1 f.:' Cor.gr .ss, and ; ailJ apovt.a by the party was electell have predicted, the Government will fall j operation. iTo attempt it when lhe nation , a"he practice of M civMized nations, perience of the Government f r
SfT? Jie4rl, a I rtiy t,fte , . lh( 've,es of States n the North as well i in dbt twenty-five millions this (fiscal) was at war:abroad, and the Government I ,e " experi: i century t In all my conferences ,
ySE?'"8 ,?,Ud4 V !Pf 1 ' 'HSooth ; a Southern and a Western year So long as the waf lasts, and for vvtsin the money market, or soon expect-1 'nonS, fpXof het'. States. I naSno better reLon was give:
W(nui8cdf and my olilical as- president, whom we could not have elec "Suchla peridd of time after it as the war cd,there as a borrower at home, clearly j pjLLtlon 1 -hall trouble for it than that the bill would d-:
'Wclicd I mc lit to be consulted ;ted uf.hout the votes of Northern States, expenses continue, it will be the same appeared to my mind to be unwisely jeo- Jhe ""prfnVipte ,K? all 1 tariff of 18; but the rcmrdv
r1(fe-r'S5fd I f,S ' a(""fe, a i Of course 1 cannot undertake to affirm, as thing. Buti if the experiment works as parding public credit and private confi- jouwilh to, he new P"nc'ple tha t a 11 , . fa he j. -
Iiltra kM 't J .? Mi SC-CUmKt T W"h foclithat .he Northern States which vo-1 illy as its more violent opponents have ! dence. Revolutions are seldom reforms, "J"" nrkable circumstance ' thVoperation seemed to me aim'; -larmnb
business, pr .sperity, ted for the Democratic party were induced j said ot it. why then it will hardly go at ! and certainly reforms need not always be ! not the leas of the act wiseas to - cut off the head for ..
te44r; Upfo lyoaMin debt .and if it is ad- sure, acting with t,,ir combined power ,t-, ZX&2W JJZL&&:
L'L?!!.! iLlvri'JV". luv-vuuac i liCC i in? UDort the tariff, and that the INorthem 1 hereci to wiinout alteration, the pUDiic gainsi i.ne efisuug oruer oi uiuigi iu me . m . , P. r. . " " "T V.,i r id - iui ;
i' iivprii m n r n ij 1.1 i i c . r 1 . . , v . - .
', . ------- - r ' vj
inc unbrt the farifil and that the Northern i hered to " without alteration.,, the public
I -Ia 11' 1 a .1 'IljVf ll.ill Ki inrtlnnpn nnt . .1. fVA.f nf
Tu 5 fi ' .'ti l peopiu ai once rauieu io me support 01 j uuli. nn.it.iacu uut muvu uvi v..
t-h"cmcfa,X.'.cnat0 particular, the party in numbers largely beyond those jjof thirty illions the first, year, and I can
JHCUrrinfT as WC'd id then.' aiiiI An imw. hiiotnAtrA u,mr.A.rl ; . nnlA' Ut it 'Worin wavl to nrevpnf its vpnrlv innrease.
the Nofth, in a was expected by us when that offering was ; except by a resort to direct taxes.
vvuuurnng tiaiwu uiu men
.. .i . . i j .
im a icw exceptions at
bf 1842,
act was
Wiment' pp'ppsitior to the tariff
desireJitD see4t--clianged. That
relieved to' hef eitreme in' its nrUtontiir
cHaracter'and Ihefeforounequalland un-
hsfactory to large sections of the Union;
ana our aim was to modifv it bv the near-
M possible approach to that lapny mean
rtwen the extreme opmions of (such as
Demand a total abandorimen! of 'all nro-
fection Tjrronclhahd,1 and of those who in-
nnon protection fas a primary object
f just legislutiori can be bas ?d, vthen in-
rrMS Teal V rnrtfllntinfr nrA in. hi nfTrt.
action of the General
made thai it would conciliate the Northern 1 Direct taxes ought to be. our very last
Dejnocrats ; and I have no doubt that it i resort public debt is an evil that 1 abhor
enlisted the support of thousands who i more than ever since I was a member of
would not have sustained the party with- Congress ; and therefore it was the con
out it.! Now. then, I put it to the con- elusion of py mind that this tariff experi
science of the people of North Carolina, ment ought not to be tried; and certainly
vvho 1 know love all theircountry-North, not at this particular timei The acts of
SouthEast, and Westwhether, under a Ccjngress which went to diminish the
such circumstances. I was bound to vio- Ire venue, but to increase the expenditures,
fate my sense of dutv. and. contrary alike I did not seem to me to be consistent with
to this party-pledge and to my own sober prudence in any Government, more espe
cially in aj time oi war. 'l ne tantt sys
tem, according to my judgment, was a
most unfit subject for party experiments ;!
j say those moral, obligations , vt
. .. :i. :.. . i i i pnrviiiis uuu Jir. uun s incu3 3a ir-iavs uiu m juh. u . n v-
couiury, max create a revulsion iu iraui-, j- r i" i . i . ' J i . - r u
pecuniarv distress, hard times, popular ex- I that ever, he has been misrepresented, to ; t0 you the nature of tho par.,
itements. and sectional agitations, nrecc- i urnlsri lhe authority.
din
; and
eal
thou
- , - .
k .1 - - . . t Atil ci t,f AAnilonr t r f hfl ill
g another contest for the Presidency, ! Anoiner not unimporram circumsiauct; , cuh ,u w.- - ....
do nobody any good but a fewpoliti- is mat me people oi my aiaie uae uru ; io. , v J"rt r -
! agitators and rich speculators. 1 commanuea to uisiionor me. as one , u.u Ml" "w" Jf" r .
ght they would go very far towards : irue to tne doctrine ot my pariy mm ww v . .
producing an overthrow of the Democratic aa valorem duties, ana trr; wt j c..u "3 TVlC" 7 m
pa, if ?hey did not entirely accomplish erous to themi when I put it to your eon-, genera J , upon a dactm
not to be apprehended ; and the last men- of thousands of good North Carolina De- how the a iff bill ro
tioned ! result was openly predicted by j mocrats. who) so far from having adopted was altoc her a diffe
sorae and probably anticipated by others it in , their political, creed, did never way objjctiona ho n
judgment as a Senator, to assent lo an act
Whjch violated, out and out, the j McKay
bjir of(I844J when there1 was no public
ed i. ' ' 0L i j " biuci(,6uv;;iv retire u, ana no! national
vu oj.laft action of the Hnnprn -Hovern. Av!r;inrt tn t2 -Lj t j:j
ith tli i"0. Vtlt cach otier, and most confidently believe that the new ta.
Vr ? rof thfT Cirnmittee of riff act of the present Congress Svas, in it-'
x ) -,?FWf the; HonieWRcprcJ self, linwiseiana" full of mischief toithe
and
at tha time of a yearly expenditure qf
millions of dollars, and of a foreign J conviction by mmuier siaiemenis.
m i w m . , .
.1 ' aL ...k.rfnIVAt-kO I fi I atl ML'f ff
it. ; inese consequences were iw um.. .cuC iu . t.v --.--- , .,rf.:ii ....,1 ;n'-
ereni o:i",
its details :
i riL r l ...l n m-f vntd fnr sn mnrh as hear of it Until long Since my principles, anu in luouu v - - j
of mypwn friends, who j et v oted for he o much as near o, j , p j added.in the t
er understand was urged upon the Jcuaxe, n.. ,
-1 ,l. mnnKih PlLWaswmi luv, i- .
allv modified, its consequences now it heiorej in imceruj , IVy..' 7k;. to vote for the !
. i n. j....inmpnta f tK in . fir mv election to the oenaie I uiu nui, ! o an .
Deiong io me ucvciiv . "mi j t - i t-i Bftf - n,, l think I nnt amendment, even aion v.
sr , i ':ii'.rntM tK rrrnnn nrmvUnd l nresume vou did not. iiut 1 luinki oui ameiiumt
so i neeu noi niu3n . ..v.( r-- - , . , .: ..,i i n.mrat A rsenaiors, wun
war. such1 experiments amounted to party
rashness. J If the war should end soon; still
Ithe Oovernment here, we jihew, expected
z . . . .. k.i till 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 si nil ni v i nrr i pipi-iiim lu liiu i?i ii ck. .
eiueriiueiuni iniin -rr.w . ( - , - .
r ' I ttIako cKnlH he renealpd. nr i swer for himself. Did youe
ui ru uiiiwa n ciiw J . -. m . I.
materi
tinie test its correctness.
Fourth. Jn none of the tariff acts
United: States in former years was -the
Let understana it now, my wuuiruucu, m -
- venture io guesstbatthemoreyouknoworrgagged. our J""o -JV, V
in- Ii you will like it. . .-i:-- -Tv J:
". 'i . j. j .'--! . . . : Is