...... . i . , , (;. . . ' i : ; : . i - - ; t
rr
Hi
I
f.
per squnre
insertion
UnurA odv"nC,
for tlie first
Court 0r
J7 1 ' 1LU
J". : a
iiJ f ihe Secretary of
jl hc aauyM ' r it rt deta led stated
.iTrc.-ury n" .i ... rt,U,. TV.
WlrlfK'Sntv-onc trillion six
Wffl; a ii4riiMia nine-
m Mii :wm$ mm x m.k.
) T.j "N!JfeS5?--V, . jjh -j l . (; i- NEW SERIES, i i
i" u sirs." lf wVT QtJt'l.HarTinn. )
I . i i I ii w- . I : . : ; ; . .. i 1 I, . 1 i li . I . -
BRUNER & JAMES,
Editors 4 Proprietors. '
NEW SERIES,
NUMBER 33, OPA'OLUME III.
SALISBURY, N. C, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 25, 1846
rri l l 1 ' . 1 curl nn tVia f!tet
WUrve:H; oip of July last exceeded nine millions of dol-
I ' ' , s fi f vnn million u . . i
..i Ll ' m
U)ort " ' r r .l eil hundred ars, not upstanding consiaeraoie expen-
VfC'J:""1,'" :. LovShrr trip .i. uitures nau neen uiuuc iu. mo H"J5-
a nrl Illnn nraAArlintf
n nil : .; . j r l irif rnnnin ill ltitiv .. wunv uu luiiii
,r , . ri. i.r nnmrs- 1 - . . . ... .
Lsut for the war, me wnoie puniic. ae.Di
e been extinguished
' .. .if .Hn.l In l iccoun ry ms
nouiu i.- ,:, ,:ii ; isut lor mo war.
;c conSartuM:..iv!"r. r.; " . . could ami would hv
npiiM'"Vff;" i j,. vi l . L. . " ; nt mv setueu uuucv iu uu unu inus re-
"r .i , " ' i rkn.L.n.v n. ihe government in a posit ion) which would
nd : ps !ty;c.Kl; thousand (he , u to mlucR he puhlic e emH.
and iU . e.1 d,, tU ; ol u ch j x economical standard which
i d nttd two milliim or e hundred . .j- . ... .. . , ,
tik l tcUn fare' R?d'lhf P; nd wholesome pro-
Vrf I n Hyl :'oinUl si:c handml Among, our justcauses of complamt a;
. . i ... . I. -...i i i in ra vi r urn i rrn :i I l 1 1: i r- . y - o -
enV- " ; J , 1 : fi ,L ; o treat for peace as well before a3 since
Itv.w? I li. I.;..!... m tninn rA the war So unjustly commenced on her
iiiif ucr : l iviHH- ' " -
nue duties, including freights and charges
which the importer must pay before he
can come in competition with the home
manufacturer in our markets, amount, on
nearly all our leading branches of manu
facture, to more than one-third ofthe val
ue -of the imported article, and in some
cases to almost one-half its value. With
such advantages, it is not doubted that
our domestic manuafacturers will con
tinue to prosper, realizing in well con?
ducted establishments evert greater prof
its than can be derived from any other
regular business. Indeed, so far; from re
quiring the protection of even incidental
revenue duties, our manufacturers in sev
to the bounties which have enriched oth
ers. " . j ; I ' ,
! When a foreign as welt as a home mar
ket is opened to them, they must receive,
are now receiving, increasea pn
as
upon them above their real value is! not
pensioners the amounts allowed
lauv. Your attention is invited r-j .
commendations of the Secretary .'
on this subject. . These agents in::..
vy responsibilijies and perform i;.v( :
duties, and ho reason exists wjy ;
should not be placed on the same r
ns to compensation with!otherdKl
ofScers., , ' .' j
Our relations with the varifr. 1
tribes continue to be of a pacific :!.
ter. The dnhappy dissenlions whit!,
existed among the Cherokrcs for ,
years past have been healed.4 i:
last annual message -important tr
J have been negotiated with sornr
ces for their products. They will find a
readier sale, and at better prices, for their
wheat, flour, rice, Indian corn, beef pork,
lard, butter, cheese, and. other articles,
whichjthey produce. Thb home market
alone is inadequate to enable them to dis
pose of; the immense surplus of food and
other: articles which they are capable of
producing, even at the most reduced pri
ces, for; the manifest reason that they can
not be consumed in the! country. The
onlv tnr. .l i l "i7'i"oc ueni uruuiiicu vin some i
nHve ?KP- n'Tnt lhe,r tribes b which !hc dian title U
fhTrW treasury of any income from tracts of valuable land, within th; !
: 7 uul ,s unJusl 10 mcoiatei m Df the States and T.-rritories-lLn.! .
crVoXVh Decause, 11 re,lar.as Pelr tinguished. and arrangements nvl
IZ1 1 ahluCreaSe 0t PPu,aillon'iand I removing them to the cocntry wot
nZ Lm L 'R P?Ver, t0 leVy a laX ! Missippi. Between three and fo r ;
thpir limit u.rk .T ' auu Ul umereni inocs, nave
h! nn?i?Q.! I lnovcd o t country provided f.r
n;J.".:.rZ:::10r ine SUPPrt01 h y stipulations, and arrant :
1 . . i. I . t ' . 1 1
uac otrii maue ioroiliers to Iui.ov.
In our intercourse with the scver.il
'Clip Kkiiulf 1. 1 (V. . . t ..
..v,,, rur.cis 01 me frratniHiion
principle have been realued b some of particu
$TZTV(U ! i-portant subject of educiuionr The
i oeen auopted. j ber of schools established nmon -
j They have been demonstrated also bv the
eral leading branches are extending their 1 United States can, from! their immense United States acting as the trustee ofthe
nine
thousand
two
1
vLU.,1r..d rind biii!ty-nine,
cts; ofiicft there was dejived from
abiliMff tKsiind six hundred and sixty-
sJveii U6I?trs ana eiKpij-i;cu ucuis, uum
sllci ofHijll' ' Ifinds two inilhojn six-tiun-iWlburjthousjand
ftur hun-
,1 H"TSJ . . r Til : i 1 . . ; I , i . 1.1
C t'd nn4fiMtVo dOUrxrs nnti orty eigni i
cr nts. arro;m:ljiincidcntal finM nhiscellane-1
,CU5$rtUTfS nnSlV-lWO iouiiiiu unc muii-
.ifff'darijl twenty-six ullar and seventy
jor: f ft nt f l o q X pf :p di t ia rc s to : : the same
wriod vlrp-meiuyspiRUiimiuion ininy
(inf thWi'indi olhfijhqndrftl and fourteen
part, are the extraordinary expenditures
in which; We have, been (involved. Jus
tice to our own people yvill make it prop
er that Mexicd should jbe held responsi
ble for these expenditures.
Economy in the public expenditures is
n : : . .. 1. : L f i i it ii-
business, giving evidence of great ingenui
tyjind skill, and of their ability, to com
pete, with increased prospect of success
for the open market of the world. Do
mestic manufactures, to the, value of sev
eral millions of dollars, which cannot find
has been increased, and additional
provided, not only for teaching th
rudiments of education, but of i r. : r
surplus, supply not only the home demand. Chickasaw tribe of Indians in the sale of
u., Uk J..c- , . i i- i ... i .l i l.i..: . l . l c. .......
uui tuts ueucieucips : or: mnn rpAiiri hr Liieir miius ixini? wiinin inp .Msitoo ai .1 r i. : t : i
, , , . j - -3 vi iius- luetii in agriculture anu mecnrtr.ic
the whole world. rsissippi and Alabama. The Chick w i i f i..
, i.. .i -..", i irici uu iuiiiu l ri.ui l ui n.c i. .
un1i! 1,'lt I nh itA!tlr1 nnt rn . 1 . .1 . . . "
That the reduced production of some of
the chjef articles of food in Great Britain,
and other parts of Eurbpe, may have con
at all times a high
functionaries of i the government owe to
the people, l Tltis duty becomes the more
imperative in a period of war, when large
and extraordinary expenditures become
unavoidable. During the existence ofthe
war with Mexico all our resources should
a market at home, are annually exported tributed to increase Uhe demand for our
to foreign countries. With such rates of breadstuff's and provisions, is not doubted;
but that the great andj efficient cause of
this increased demand, and of increased
prices consists in the removal of artificial
I duty as those established bvthe existing
1 . . . ....
duty which all public law, the system will probably be perma
I J - I 1J . . . ' -
in(is. which womri noi pnmmam .1 -v- .....
...... ..v, ,,, 4llc ol lQe 4UVy Ior asaiuiaciory view
market th minimum price established by ! operations ofthe dePltrtment vv.
the laws of the United States for the sale ; charge during the past year. It i;
of their lands were in pursuance of the fying to perceive, that j while tl
treaty of 1831 with that tribe, subsequent- xvith Mexico has renden-d it nccr:
ly ottered for sale at graduated and re- employ an unusual number of our
duced rates for hmited periods. The re- ' vessels on her coasts, the protecii
r.fc su.iniium 01, tuese io our commerce n olhrr nnnrVrs
1 L
restrictions heretofore imposed, is deemed i lands were purchased, which would oth- world bnc
tr ra tinnol . ! i - mt . . I . m .t . A I. n .. n. . I 1 mi ' 1 ...
V- r , 1 J -cin. f inai our exports i uaicicmHmwuiuoiu. i ne lanas means will be spared to cive elsi
1CU
except such as arc absolutely necessary
IIIUIItKU . . 1 .1 -1 "
r,. t i i .L. L AirJD iu uinnAD ior its vigorous 'prosecution ana ine nue
ftiHiirs arid, twenty cents, and tne balance !.. i . nu
T . ' it::. Ua.1 n J ir T..i.. administration of the government. Ob-
i. ik. iivn Kiirv uu inn iitm. un in .nii iaL i .
vWnin'eVnillio :onehutid.red ahd tu;enty-
MX'UioqstOUioqr .nunureu anu .niny-nine
'ter?-K4 ejc(t ji;enls. (.
I Thomount jof i ths publlic deb, includ-
t treasury .op uie urai uu- nv
4!itrnoHtti SVns twdnty-folur rnillion tw
two
four hun-
kindri hhd -ifihv-six thousand
tliedl arid ninety-fduidollars anc
it ia!l.;tvt;lti fciirri of ? sp Vcntrrn million
I III ItlllLII "tMV i VMIM - j v - - 1 - -
I t , T H X .1 -A 1
vycn htrndrc'l and eihty-e
rvm Huhdrif'd knd nin?ty-6i
nent : and capitalists, who; have made, or
shall hereafter make, their investments
in manufactures, will know unon what to
. i. lr r,-i,A -l- i .. : i . . : .ir..i-? . .,.
reiv. ine country will be satisfied with W1 ' a,,cau mcreaseq and increasinc er uipo&eu oi ii uieir real value, and the nava servicw imlipnmnt;,, i
these rates, because the advantages which i oejomijormer example, under the more i many persons oi limited means were en- 1 war: and I am hannv to know t'
the manufacturers still enjoy result neces- leraj policy which jhas been adopted, abled to purchase small tracts, upon which officers and men nnxiou'sly de:re i
vote themselves to the service
country in any enterprise, Lowcvt'r
cult of execution.
I recotiimcnd to your farorah!? co:i! '.
, the propos'uioti to adj t each uf o ir ,
; squudrons an efficient sea steamer, an
be husbanded, and no appropriations made j sarily from the collection of revenue for
the support ot government. High pro
tective duties, from their unjust operation
upon the masses of die people, cannot fail
jects of appropriation, which in peace may to gv'e rise to extensive dissatisfaction
be deemed useful or proper, but which al complaint, and to constant efforts to
are not indispensable for the public ser- change or repeal them, rendering all in
vice. may. when the country is encased ! vestments in manufactures uncertain and
in a foreign war, be well postponed to a ! precarious. Lower and more permanent
will be Still vastly Enlarged, unless they they have settled with their families.
be checked or prevented by a restoration That similar results would be nroducrd
C . li -; ..;.! i i i. iiK.. iL- I -.I i ..
wj-iue aoopuon oi me graauation policy
by the United States, in all the States in
which they are the owners of large bodies
of lands which have been long in the mar-
of theprotective policy, cannot be doubted
1 hat bur commercial and navigating in
terests will be enlarged in a correspond
ing ralio with the increase of our trade,
is equally certain ; 'while our manufactur
ing interests will be the favored interests
j of the country and! rqceiye the incidental
' future period. s By the observance of this j rates of dutyat the same time that they protection afforded ;thim by revenue du- cupation of our
policy at your present session, large a- ! will yield to the manufacturer -fair and I pes ; nnd more than this they cannot just- them prices wb
' i ! -lL1': i i ! tpmnnnrtinrr rmRo xm!1 nrA Mm . I lv demand. In mv annual mesKafrp. of Dp. they will not CO
-ie . nitiuuts winy uc ivtu 10 ine irensurv , ftuu v-..... v.. ...... , .... - . ; i " i : , . . . r
million I applied to objects of pressing and
il,nc,t S gent necessity, and thus the creation of a
j " 1 AHiii(nrunf In m vl v 11 K I a l aK4 erw a
ihdrt'd knd ninety.nine dollars and i;-'o ufc may
Wity.twti cents wa, outstanding on the oe avo.aeci. ; ; , .
a j. . -u- i j .-k i. .1 . It is not meant to recommend that the
our thotpiarcn. im;. eaying uie amount - - r 7 ;
gainst the danger; of frequent changes jn
the system, which cannot fail to ruinousjly
affect his interests. j
Simultaneously with the relaxation of
hich experience has shown
not command. On the contrary.
cember last, a tariff of revenue duties bas- i it is a. wise policy to afford facilities to our
ed Upon the principles of the existing law
was recommended ; and have seen no
reason to change ihp opinions then ex-
fiiicurredUlhCe
! I orrlinMrv nnrl npppssarv nnnrnnrintinne for
ime six million tour. J r J -it -i.
i i .liU l.f.n nn tl a,k Ll dvLnn ine support ot government, snouiu ue witu
hanijrrd and siitVfKex en thptisa id six nun- . 83 n . ,
i ? 1 5, j I .7" i i L-- J. i . .... held, but it is well known -that at everv
I tuneiy-ioiir uouars-anu ninety- .' . v, . . "
. . .
l- I I rrtlillf (I .1
I I 1 1 I
I
1.
in
iVti ordr to prosecule the! war with Mcx-
ico.j'xtli.lvifijot-: and; energy, nb the best
rnHniorltrinffinS it to a Speedy and hon-
orjihle te mi nation, a further loan will be
nfff5sjrityj ttt rrjeef the expenditures for the
preoptic anu uiq nnxi nseai years, ii tne
varMiouKi no eontinueu unui tne mime:;
flUtir iUfi-ISJ-btihg the end bf the next
Cjcal te4riti is estimated that an addi
tiorinjjl (i.l n f twenti'-three millions of dol-
rn.idp'ijrtn )h assumption thnt it will be
pfcrf.y fT)lritain ponsfnntly in the trea
$Qry four jmilllonsi of dollars, to goard a
firist! Seontinfferici'f's. If su ?h surplus
ifr,ic pot fequiV ed tp be Retained, then a
liin ir HftmlAjn rvt n Anp rl fin urc tl'nlllrl
X Hit I J 1 ii .1 i ii
sjiificM'Ui.i u. unyever, congress snouiu
J . I t ! V .1'.- H.- :'. .l n
ni inejpresepii j;session, impose a revenue
dhtf otilili- tirincibal articles now em-
bracrcl (h the freci list.it is estimated that
iJvnncHiuiouni annual revenue oi aoouc iwo
m';L : ir I. J:tei J
KMiiipi;nni a nan.jnmounting. u is esti
tnatfd, ok the thirtieth of Jurie, 1848, to
ioq millions, of 'dollar's, jwjoiild be derived
fe thjt; oui'ceil1 and the loan required
Wold hTcliiiiced by thai amount. I? -is
ntirnatkl.alsfi that Should Congress irrad-
une jvnu'retiuce jine price oi sucn oi me
puQlicIivhds astinvrbeen Ipngih the mark-
v;tQC aquuionaii revenue ueriveu irom
thai 'souVee 'would! He annually, for sever-
tlycarso com f, between half a million
MarrAllion hi dollars: nd tlhe loan re
uiitdfria belrKlUed by that amount al
.iiSlilkild thcsc measures be adopted,
e( loan, required would rot p -obably ex
Pcd eigjiteen br nineteen mill ons of dol
lareivhig jn j the treasury a constant
TOpliisMiour i' millions! of do! lars. The
aa pr6nf)secl,'it M estimated, will be suf-
the restrictive policy by the United States j. pressed. In view ofthe probable benefi
Sf
1
it
to
0
t
I
ft
r1
rtf
d,
12 i ,ue,rnn.AU.ll j'rl'' 1: r .l ... i . ... . ,. ..... i nJiiv
i. k 'M"vu, ihu uunou ui iwrm rars u hnv shu lift renuireu to near ineir lust iJvy,,w
- i it t t I i i . . - - - - i y . , . 4 . . : i
d' vtupt;ior vh Chthe proposed loan may i proportion of the taxes necessarv for the j Our.larmers are more deeply lnterestea
ncontrac cd, in preference lb a shorter j support. of government so far from it, it in maintaining the just and liberal policy
; rrrir Si-.. .. i : .... w
I'T'T'Sgcs ed, because al expen- will be perceived, by an examination4 of
' riVf" -Wine apci anroaaj nassnown ; ine existing law, that discriminations in
i,
session of Congress appropriations are pro
posedfor numerous objects which may or
may not be made, without materially af
fecting the public interests; and these it
is recommended should not be granted.
The act passed at your last session " re
ducing the duties on imports," not haying
gone into operation until the first of the
present month has not been time for its
practical effect Upon the revenue and the
business ofthe country, be developed. It
is not doubted, however, that the just pofc
icy which it adopts will add largely to
our foreign trade, and promote the gener
al prosperity. Although it cannot be cer
tainly foreseen what arhount of revenue
it will yield.it is estimated that it will ex
ceed that produced by the act of 1842,
which it superseded. The leading prin
ciples established by it are, to levy the
taxes with a view to raise revenue, and
to impose them upon the articles impor
ted according to their actual value.
The act of 1812, by the excessive rates
of duty which it imposed on many articles,
either totally excluded them from impor
tation, or greatly reduced the amount im
ported, and thus jdiminished instead of
producing revenue;. By it the taxes were
imposed not (or ihp legitimate purpose of
raising revenue, bipt to afford advantages
to favored classes at the expenses of a
large majority of jtheir fellow citizens.
Those employed iii agriculture, mechani
cal pursuits, j commerce, and navigation,
were compelled tdj contribute from their
substance to swell the profits and over
Great Britain, from whose example we de
rived the system, has relaxed hers. She
has modified her corn laws; and reduced
many other duties to moderate revenue
rates. After ages of experience, the states
men of that country have been constrain
ed by a public opinion having its deep
cial affects of that; law, I recommend that
the policy established by it be maintained.
It has but just commenced to operate; and
to abandon or modify it without giving it
a fair;j trial, would be inexpedient and un
wise. ; Should "defects in any of its details
be ascertained by actual experience to
ket, cannot be doubted. It cannot be a ! pecially demaodin5aUention.thocs.taL."
sound policy to withhold large quantities al l'euiacoU of the nece&ary nvans T r
ofthe public lands from .the use and oc- ; '"S aml refitting ihe vessels of the r. i
cupation of our citizeift;. by fixing upon -v,ed in llm ?ulf Mxicm
rh PYnpnPiiN. Vine aiv 1 mere -are oilier uciti,n wi I:;
which deserve, and, I duuLt not, wi.l ;
your consideration. j
The progress uud condition of the s:
vice for the past year are fully presc:.' 1
report of th Postuiastex General. '1
ii uu iui ue jcar fiiuiug mi me Hi unci i
foundation in the sufferingsiand wants'of i exist, these may bet hereafter corrected ;
impoverished millions, to abandon a sys
tern the effect of . which was to build up
immense fortunes in the hands of the
but until such defects shall become mani
fest the act should be fairly tested.
It is submitted ifbr your consideration
citizens to becomerthe owners at low and
moderate rates, of freeholds of their own,
instead of being the tenants and depend-
V J i ' apprenenuea mat , last amounted to three million f.ur hr.: :
these lands, if reduced in price, would be I eighty-seven thousand one. hundred an 1 .
secured in large quantities by speculators j nine dollars, which is eight hundred ;
and capitalists, the sales may be restrict- thousand six hundred and fotlv-twif dV.
ed, in limited quantities, to actual settlers i iorty-hve tents Jess than that cf the ; ;
or persons purchasing for purposes of cul-1 )'ear 'fe payments for that denti .;.
tivation. r'ng the same lime amounted to fuur
In my last annual message I submitted ' cighty-four thoucand two hundred and
for the consideration of Congress the pre- i "ven dollar, and twcnty-lxvo cents.
sent system of managing the mineral lands i iUl.n Ave humlrcd tnd i.incty-sevcn t
f tt. lfnto, q,. 1. ...r ad ninety-seven dollars and eighty r
,i , ,i i , i , , . . . been drawn Irom Ine treasury.
that tllPV ihnillr! hmtirrlir mln m arl:t J
few, and to reduce the laboring millions whether it may riot be proper, as a war
to pauperism and misery. Nearly in the
sajne ratio that labor was depressed, ca
pital was increased and concentrated by
the British protective policy;
The evils of the system in Great Brit
ain were at length rendered intolerable,
and it has been abandonetT. but not with
out a severe struggle on the part of the
protected and favored classes to retain the
measure, to impose revenue duties on
some, of the articles now; embraced in the
free list. Should; it be deemed proper to
impose such duties, with. a view to raise
revenue to meet the expenses of the war
with Mexico, or fo avoid to that extent
the creation of a public debt, they may be
repealed when the emergency which gave
."':.i in( . . .
rise to mem snau cease fo exist, and con
Tli-!
ments for the year were two hundred
unjust advantages which they have so ! stitufe no part ofjthe permanent policy of
long enjoyed. It was to be expected that ; ine country.
a similar struggle would be made by the
1 .1 TT n . I X
same classes in ine u. oiaies, whenever
an attempt was made to modify or abolish
the same unjust system here. The pro
tective policy had been in operation in the
U. States for much shorter period, and its
pernicious effects were not, therefore, so
clearly perceived and felt. Enough,
however, was known of these elfects to
induce its repeal.
It' would be strange if, in the face of the
example of Great Britain, our principal
foreign customer, and of: the evils of a
system rendered manifest in that country
by long and painful experience, and in the
face of the immense advunges Which un
der a more liberal commercial policy, we
I.I 1. - i l i
rw.u upon Mien terms anu unuer sucn ; eix lhousanJ four hundred and thirty-!
restrictions as Congress might prescribe. iar, i.-vpniv.r...! rAm lJ-it.in ih
By the act of the eleventh of July last, r preceding year. While the dUWrr:
44 the reserved lead mines and contiguous ! been thus diminished, the imail fici!; i
lands in the States of Illinois and Arkan
sas, and Territories of Wisconsin and
Iowa," were authorized to be sold. The
Act is confined, in its operation, to 44 lead
mines and contiguous lands "
A large portion of the public lands con-1 f,M,r hudd nd eighteen new 1 '
t,;,,; . i : . i Contractor, rosttnaslers. and other?,.":
ted to be very valuable, and I recommend
that provision be made authorising the
sale of these lands, upon such terms and
conditions as their supposed value may,
in the judgment of Congress, be deemed
advisable, having due regard to the n-
tion jajs. rapidly as the delay necessarily terests of such of our citizens as may be your favorable consideration I-repeat'-
arising out of the appointment of new of- i. located upon them. ion expressed in my last annual mes?i :
It will be important, during your pre
sent session, to establish a territorial gov
ernment and to extend the jurisdiction and
laws of the United States over the terri
tory of Oregon. Our laws regulating
trade and intercourse with the Indian
The act of the sixth of August last, 14 to
provide for the better organization of the
treasury, and fbrjthe collection, safe keep
ings transfer, and-disbursement of the pub
lic revenue, has; been carried intoexecu-
ppointment
fleers, taking and approving their bonds,
and preparing and securing proper money,
would permit. It is not! proposed to de
part in any respect from the principles or
policy ,on which this great measure is
founded. There are, however, defects in
been enlarged by new mall routs f (
sand seven hundred and' thirty-nine n
increase of transportation of one rniilr
hundred and sixty-four thousand nnt;!
and forty-five miles, and the cftabh-l
in this brancd ol ihe service, have j s
their duties with energy and JViihfii
serving commendation, pur many i:.
details connected with the operati c -establishment,
you are referred to t!.v i
the Postmaster General ; and his s r.
tor improving its revenues are rccotn;'
the huiness ol this department f!:f
regulated that the revenues dciiir !
should bo made to equal the expand j
it is believed that this may be c'uii l-y
modifications of ihe present larrs. as .-
in the report of the Postmaster ler.'
grown wealth of tlie comparatively few i are already deriving, and must continue ito
who had invested their capital in manu
factures. The taxes were not levied in
proportion to the value of the articles up
on which they were imported ; but, wide
fictent ottoviirftho necessar y cxpendi- Jy departing from this just rule, and light
hJmt 1,UiU jv.it t.to. nL,t rJ- ,n .w ' er taxes were, in many cases. levied unor
hr,lw:.i E : : r -i .' ji , . 1 nrt w nf ntnrti nml htrh nnc.P. nnt th ' and we so much desire to sell.
ruipvies, un to ine iniriietn oi June, io io; : v..-. 0 r ,
au -mm vii iti i ii i ii i s 1 1 i:i 1 1 . ii ii f i-i - -( 1 1 l ' r j
derive, by supplying her starving popula
tion with food, the U. States should re
store a policy which she has been com
pelled to abandon, and thus diminish her
ability to purchase from us the food and
other articles which she so much neetls,
iounueu. i nere are, nowever, delects in j v'" ' w, Ml1 4i"' -i . ., nr(.Pnt rilte. cf noi. -
the details ot the measure, dcvclonpd hv bribes east of the Rocky mountains should i .. : V
. V: . : . r . : '.7 . 7S u i.i l t ..:n i r.- nn lull. reliance uiiuu ic u..
its practical operation, which are fully j uc CAIC1,UCU w me i acme ocenn , anu ior ;
set forth in the report of the Secretary of purpose oi executing mem ana pre
the Treasury, to which the attention of ' serving friendly relations with the Indian
Congress is invited. These defects would
impair to some extent the successful ope-
tribes within our limits.an additional num-
upon i
riotism of your deliberations, it will I ;
tv, as it will be my anxious desire, (
rale with you in every constitutional
promote the welfare and maintain lie
ber of Indian agencies will be required, ; Dur Commmon country.
ration of the lay at all times, but aretes-i and should be authorized ,by law. The i ' JAMES K. I a
pecially embarrassing when the country j establishment of custom-houses, and post u As:iixc.ToviJec. 8, jlsio.
an .i Uliu Ji ill heavier taxes on those of necessitv and ! By the simultaneous abandonment of
HUlil fnav bererjuiredLiuriL the nrcs" I ,ow Price,, consumed by thegreat mass ) the protective policy by Great Britain and
tjcalj yeaf, and the grca
NremdindeV, during the ; first
H.A.rt.it-L -J' ' L" - . .1 4.. . ; I
i car. suc,cceiung.
cr thai timely notice may be civ
; l-.iiJ r
'r part of ' of the people, It was asystcm, the inevita-I the U. States, new and important mark
...i! ' r .-u ble effect of whichUvas to relieve favored i ets have already been opened for our ag-
i classes and the wealthy few from contrib- ! ricultural and other products ; pommerce
ut ins- their iiist nronortion for the support ! and navigation have received a new im-
o u.r. i - i i
of government, and to lay the burden on
the labor of the many, engaged in other
pursuits than manufactures.
A system so unequal and unjust has
been superseded by the existing law,
which impose duties not for the henefit-or
ininrv off rfnvns or nnrsnils. but distrib-
J a authority to purchase thi stock and utes, and, as far as practicable equalizes
rj i Oh, at an early period, at its mark- j the public burdens among all classes and
ptue.out Pi an surpiijj.
.andv prober me.istires.-thkon to effect
:&e JoKrV, or ; suchnortion c f it as may be
fqu(re4,4vumportatitjt lat t' he authori
v W C(?r&rets tp make.it be given at
?l f .ly PWj? of Vbur present session.
VP isuggestcktithat the iloan should be
cmiracteaMor a period f t vprit v vrn r
li. m . . I J J.
pulse; labor and trade have been re leas-
is engaged in a; war, when the expendi
tu res are greatly increased, when loans
are to be effected, and the disbursements
are to be made at points many hundred
miles distant, in some cases, from any de
pository, and a jarge portion of them in a
foreign country The modifications sug
gested in the report of the Secretary of
the Treasury are recommended to your
favorable consideration.;
In connexion with this subject, I invite
ed from the artificial trammels which your attention to the importance of estab-
have so long fettered them ; audi to a great
extent reciprocity in the exchange of com
modities, has been introduced at the same
time by both countries, and greatly for the
benefit of both. Great Britain has been
forced, by the pressure of circumstances
at home, to abandon a policy which' has
been upheld for ages, and to open her
ya ue,oUt O? anVi surplus vvl ieb moA- .t nominations.. Thn favored e asses who !
afttnje;iilhclrca$u(py aiplicablc to ! under the unequal and unjust system i markets for our immense surplus.of bread
'fiurpoi Aftc.lhe taJiUmrnt of 1 which has been repealed, have heretofore ! ? and u confidently believed that
fMAyitNMlxicoit is jsuUcd that a S realized large profits, and many of them ; other Powers of Europe will ultima ely
siderah e surrilds wil exik and tv.. i ,imn(t...,i u.SL rwno mu vnn-i '!. see the wisdom, if they be not compelled
mm mhy tcVcxtinguMied in a much ! the many who have been made tributary i by the pauperism and sufferings of their
i r4,fcKipcrioapaiviiiaii ipr wnicn u may , to them, will have no reason to complain j CIUWUCU i'"i' v'" lKJ
IS'' I
, th:
4
,r.M
- S3 ' .
measure is. io sus-
and the! intrlts of tbo
iAKypr.K-V -.a - roreigri warit is
H -I ' v ;!- H L..I
s-i-tr:.
eign competition which, they still en ioy
gives theni an advajnttlge which no other
pursuits5 possess i but' of this none others
. vi 1 1 ' MAfVktit im I A . ' . i . i . : 1 If t
viiij uuiujjaiii
arc necessary
, .? i .i :
Ot the exisiing ia.w man any oiuer ciaaa
of our citizens. They constitute a large
majority of our population ; and it is well
known that when they prosper,; all othr
pursuits prosper also. They have hereto
fore not only received none of the boun
ties or favors of government, but. by the
uhenual operations of the protective pql-
, t i .i .
lae ouruens oi
. because the duties levied j icy, have bechkmadej by the burdens
for fevetme.' These- revc-' : taxation Vhich: itimposed,. to contribn
Hshing a branch of the mint of the United
States at New York. Two-thirds of the
revenue derived from customs being col
lected at that pbint, the demand for spe
cie to pay the dpties will be large; and
a branch mint, where foreign coin and
bullion could b immediately converted
into American boin, would, greatly facili
tate the transaction of the public business,
enlarge the circulation of gold and silver, j
and be at the same time, a safe deposito
ry ofl the public jmoney. !
The importance of graduating and re
ducing the price of such of the public
lands as have Been long ouerea in ine
market, at the minimum; rate authorized
by existing laws, and remain unsold, in
duced me again to recqtnmend the sub
ject to your f a vprable consideration. Ma
ny millions of acres of hese lands havej
been offered in (the market for more than;
thirty years, and larger quantities lor more
than ten or twenty years; and being of
ansinferior quality,they jmust remain -un-saleable
for j an indefinite period, unless
the price at which they may be purchas
ed ish ail be reduced. Tp! place a price
offices and post roads, and provision for
the transportation of the mail on such . j ,
. ,u ui- iu..,. Interesting from the Pacific
routes as the public convenience will sug- , .
gest, require legislative authority. It will f a Mexican ling of Uar. 7Le . :.
be Droner also, to establish a surveyor ! Itepublican says : A letter written :
general's office in that terril)ry, and to the vessels belonging to the LIockad.Y:
make the necessary provision for survey
ing the public lands, and bringing them
into market. As our citizens who now
reside in the distant region have been sub
jected to many hardships, privasions and
sacrifices in their emigration and by their
improvements, have enhanced the value
of the public lands in the neighborhood
bf their settlements, it is recommended
that liberal grants be made to them of
ron in the Pacific, cf the, 9th Seple:;
Mazatlan, says, j f
A fawv Aire clnfC. I.icilt. IlndLl.'.
command of sixty men in the bouts ft'
Ui .ue chin U urrfn n.Tctpfi tvilLi;,
it u -!' - - j-
shot of a two containing 5 or GOO'J ir,!.i!
and a garrison of 800 soldjfrs, boardo I
ican armel brig in day light, and In
out ofthe ha'rW thus making a pi
such portions of these lands as they may j the face ofi the enemy. jSo uneij-
occupy, and that simular grant or ngnis the attack, and il wai executed with .
of pre-emption be made to all who may rap;jilv audacity, that before the tree;'
emigrate thither within! a limited period ff"om heir surprjsef ,j,e galJant cf,
to be prescribed by law. ; h d h n tf lhj-warrc, :
The report oXthe Secretary of War con-
tains detailed 7formation relative to the rom a.temr at.ee tur Sue .. a .
several branch of the public service con- , br,g-he Malek-Adhel, .he M : . -
nected with that department. The ope- -and will be of much m,ce,a.
rations of the army have been of a satis- markable as a fine i.er. .
ri. Hr,KK- frrAtifvins-character, r ; -
I recommend to your early and favora- t Th. X. f Cy.U . . .
ble consideration the measures proposed : of our gal!,0i Mile .N.ry aii.cl.rJ i - '
. - a . " r ixr- f crefi' fillintr j u..m viih thai manaiiini, .
by the secreiaryoi nai r--j oquaaron, t e . t
un the rank and file of the regular army, t char3cteritic of their pnjfr.fion,
for its greater efficiency in lucm-iu,
for raising an additional force to serve
during the war with Mexico,
j Embarrassment . is Ukiely to arise lor
want of letral provisioris authorisingcom- j he Municipal .election in
pensation to be made tq the Serls J" knah,the Whig ticket iucceedcJ by an s
ployed in the several ataies -y . . a u- xdteft. ,
ries to nay the revolutionary and other , n
to present all the Wiie moiey now d
.i . r I.iui: Cbarle V. M.r
ID iu" T , i
ficer who fell t the stuck on Tvlit
t.
! 1 " 1
il
;t
,4
i -
'
-4 J "
$0 mil