I 1
' B i L . I
1... . I S , ; I '
ruM of the Watchman.
-TrM" r,.i twi Davable
. . r.r vrifi " v r . .j
rnPfl ' f ,nt,Pa Irf advance, Two doWars
t V m will lu"': ,r i
fcftf lUUrif d .t ror the first, arul 25 cts.
,,r,t irrsertion-l Court ordf rs charged
V" " mil --- -r i i i-i j
iK" , u. tl.i fhcM-rates. A uuti
$r h-Vho dveniae'bjr the year.
14 1 tliJ Ivlitors must be bostpaiJ.
f,fTersonlin,:is so' just and forcible, that
ttnTyl'Bj6 U Ia(ie n our columns Lut
t -.j Jt1 earnestly, to public-consideration.
'circcly; contemplated the possibility
.;iiiatifo refusal t sd reasonable a pro
ai the mere leave td help ourselves with
1 lRTTri?ri xV Tin?C- 7.
' Ttp T ' -k,. c55: . l. NEW SERIES,
df "j Prop"e'"- ) rC.3T tftEST"-" j NUMBER 36, OF .VOLUME IV. '
j 1 SALISBURY, N. C, THURSDAY, JANUARY 6, 1848.
- ; ' ' - if- t : E
4JU t
r
as the mere leave tdheJp
t .UJi.ua n rJ a fr'n'ul it WAiilrlVirn.
fl! ." . 5
a foment tnai wouiufi-ai 1 j uui pcwjc iu
iJtItrem oililaUs.'aCtion; : .
THE OLU LliAVN.
d een ihTrnisfbrlue of every woikof
na;ikij particular locaj inieresis were not
rffffy 'iuiervrut inese mresis wouia com-
to oeieatino Bcnpnifi ; aiiu, uv cmnuiu
"B .. I11 i 1 . t t . 1 1 1 i-
rfwriptri WY nave ueen enauieu 10 ue
... , , ,
ORIGINAL TALE.
" I f WRETTEIf;" FOR THE Wa'tCHMAN.
On one of! those hot and sultry days by
which the sif mirier of 1845 was so partic
ularly distinguished, in thej region of Salis
bury, the boarders and other guests of the
44 Mansion" paving adjourned, as usual,
from the dining room to the piazza, were
whiling away ir its agreeable shade, and
t
d keep
down all works of the sort, save
fci wepe! peculiarly their own. We might
ifyn stances, out 1 no lacis we siaie are so
ori6i)S, lpaiiij is unnecessary,
iruji rh'a AVilrriington and Ilaleighand Ral.
Awl Oat (on Uoads were projected, they
tfe but 'part of Va';)an'f of Slate wofks a-
ttiopon ly the leading' men ot the btatc in
.-i r..l: i j ..1 l
niton,1" ivaii.'iii, umq su)uneu us sucu
btieleji'iing men ot ijoin: parties in the L.eg-
jthtiy icire jp form the portion for the
'"TliO VVtjst teas to get her; portion next
Won.' Btit did! the portiorf come to the West?
in the silent
the long-ste
lazy hours o
dry and dus
pate in the
of life move
e not only got not a dollar ot our share
riitwat pt given 10 me iast, anu in auuiuon
Kin'k nv.be tflNted to pay ofT her debts.
i ' ! . ; . - t
A let money anu our,money 100, ana now
set
ftnust pittpbutc beside.
fke'-proirnlaj of the East having thus squan
Viiibft substance! of the 'State, we of the
est tarn ceased jto look1 to Hercules for aid
id ire endeavoring to help ourselves. Sure
,i!;e intelligent reader will say, no one can
.. I . I - 4ty . t . .1
,ttio inistrino tasiern interest cannoi uo
j,ilinjr fate, when you have not only given
jjalhenvfyour whole patrjmony, but a portion
jour est ite,Hoo. j (You arc mistaken, gentle
riief.itu knby but little o" the tyranny o( com.
xrcial in oerahcei sanctioned by long Icgisla-
rj uvoiiriusm,! j I !
Th Charhrft and South Carolina Road ex.
nil only autit fpurtcei miles, tapping the
x'Vj of ijifl Yadkin and Catawbu, rich in min
hl and agricultural resources beyond cotnpu-
loa-ra country ; unsurpassed in its natural
litanies for nroductiorr by any portion of
t giolte yet, by tjcingishui out irorn the
urket of the! World, lor the, wftnt of proper fa.
country is
je proposed
.
tion. it is
V hope; We have tried every conceiv-
eichemoihat would irive us -a connection
ill oar pwri seabotird all have! failed, chiefly
account ofthjeir litter impracticability ; and
tly fof( thJ wan(jof proper exertions of car.
ii thejm -pht.' liitjas soon as w start our en
t(zii, kvo tear the vpic of opposition. Ital.
h CoiXsr8t, and saysr-' If the Charlotte
.rad, is completed,! and: a connexion formed
h l)iiiivitl, jhej State is ruined, and will
ir?s$t the appearance of a strong man bleed
jtoMth a?t bolh arms.f y The Star merely
ontout the ifangcri and sounds the 44 alarm
the Fauctlei ille ObstTVfir treats tho suhippl
Jerenif. ; i'li Editor fundcrsands how to
nmanl, and $6 at once bids the ensuing Lew.
nd contemplative'luxuryf
med nines, the listless and
a Summer's afternoon. The
streets seemed to partici-
eneral repose. Not a thing
therein, save here and there
an unwieldlt pdrker, who lazily poking
his snout about the margins of the public
wells, in search; of that moisture which
he had evidently found to be getting
scarce.
At lengthjsomewhere about 4 o'clock,
a fresh incident! broke the monotony of
the scene. A cbuple of equestrians were
descried awly it the lower end of main
street, pushing their steeds to the extreme
of their walkinjg capacities, and aiming
towards the centre of the town, where
our friends, the jon-lookers, were then sit
uate. A mqmeht more, and their imme
diate intentions were no longer in dubio.
The showy sign bf the Mansion had caught
their eye, anil it was quite evident that
they, thereupon and simultaneously de
termined to pall a halt. Mine host, who
is ever upon:
tations, gavd
to the duties
the qui vive to such manifes-
sins of addressing himself
t)fi the occasion, but mean.
' 1
hold on to hi
ous position
mel o i thej world, tor the wnt ot
iiW.cf trntportation, ilris (air
taiparativelyjaiwaste. ell, by the
y we horc to better rtrrcditditi
rco!y bopei Wei have tried ever;
while congratulated himself that he could
s half recumbent and luxuri-
for at least a half minute
longer, for tliat the bell rope was within
That brief moment of list-
Is
less beatitude had expired, and the land
lord was upon his feet, ready to tender his
accustomed; ivilities to his new guests as
they came up. 1
From thej features, language, dress and
kwre ji
tmg chargeu I jwith not doing I their duty.
, miuriaiAiuiu wi iyitu vuroiiua win uu
rf4jcie!nt In Its duty, we think if it shall
'mli tlin titc tobo severed in its centre by
road from j Richmond in Virginia throuffh
Wilje to ChaHotte, to South Carolina, with
htmalUtig so!rn0 effort to counteract its bale
J
other indicia
be gathered,
mountainous
or Yancy
ly green hor
w dtcn out Road, under the fear of Thr ricrbt
of) the latter, it waseasy to
first that they were from the
prirt of the State, say Ashe
second, that though not exact-
s, they were, still quite as
far from being itravelled gentlemen, and
third, thatjfrorn whatever part of the
State they might have come, they were
quite familial With the excellencies of "old
peach' and A apple jack."
bdt of the foremost had hard
ly touched I the ground, before the quick
ear of John I
caught from a mass of in
distinct muttering, apparently having re
ference to the heat and dust, the more
tangible expression of "two chances of
something Istrorig and cooling." This di
rection wa;s sufficiently explicit in refer
ference to the rfiain point, yet expressed
in such general! terms as to leave the land
lord a complete corte blgtnche as to the
modus operandi of its execution. Whis
pering to i a Idarkey, who stood near to
44 gather a few sprigs of fresh mint' John
I. proceeded by means of certain well
vh'co of opposition,: and power ofi known appliahces and in a style peculiar
eir siaiurc is iiivokcu 10 nui uown iv
T . 1 r 1 . .1
cn trntiT i iirttv !! na ntu- it inn rnn. i .1 .i ... .
tt-ym" v es ol tnatmosuaelicious beverace lormer
ed in a second preparation, the! progress
of which they carefully watch, hey list
en with the most lively interest, to the ex
planation of the process, and are particu
larly astonsihed to hear that mine host
keeps ice through the whole of dog days !
The important secrets which had'thus
been communicated, occupied the minds
of the travellers for a length of time, which
might have been measured (the clock had
stopped) by the emptying of five glasses on
the part of each. i i
The sun had sensibly declined ; they
mutually concluded it was too hot to tra
vel, and adjourned to their rooni. After
that they were seen no more by the land
lord that day, but rumour tells of numer
ous glasses of liquor which were seen
passing from the bar-room to their cham
ber in the course of the early pslrtfof the
night, and which were as regularly ex
changed for empty glasses. Thb truth is
that having discovered a novel, and as!
they deemed, very valuable mixture, they
had determined to honour the occasion by
getting gloriously drunk. This resolution
they kept to the letter, but unlike most
persons, in their situation, they managed
to get up betimes the next morning, and
having adjusted their bill to the! satisfac
tion of all concerned!, slipped out of town
before sun up.
What next befel them, or how long they
continued to travel together we have not
been informed. It would seem, however,
that they separated, at length, anil that the
one whose fortunes We jbllow, rriust have
i
indulged in manya golden reminiscence,
of the evening he spent at the Mansion,
and of that strange beverage by which
he had been so deliciously intoxicated, and
which, in the simplicity of his heart he
supposed that the proprietor of that estab
lishedment alone of all mortals, knew how
to compound.
Months passed away and January had
succeeded to July. It was near night fall.
The wind had chopped round to the north
west and blew bitter cold. The piazza of
the Mansion had been deserted fpr its now
comfortable hall. The fire place which
six months before had been decorated with
shrubs and evergreens, now sent forth
from its capacious jaws a ruddy and
glowing heat. John I. was at hi old post,
not as before, leaning in his chair against
the open door of the bar room-j-th,e lat
ter was now carefully shut, and John and
his guests were comfortably seatjed within
when a stranger entered, starfiping his
feet with great vehemence, as if to kick
the frost out at the toes, rubbing his ears
through the handkerchief which! was tied
about to protect them from the frost, and
3EACE WITH MEXICO.
I BY ALBERT GALLATIN.
I I. The Laws of Nations.
It seems ceitain that Mexico must ultimately
submit to such terrxs of peace as tho United
Stajes shall dictate. A heterogeneous popula
tionjol seven millions, with very limited resour
cesjand no credit; distracted by internal dis
senions and by the ambition of its chiefs ; a
prey by turns to anarchy and to military usurp
ers j occupying political education, social state,
or any other respect, but an inferior position,
cannot contend successfully with an energetic,
intelligent, enlightened, and united nation of
duct, always embrace every ground of com
plaint which can possibly be alleged. But,
admitting that the refusal to satisfy the claims
for indemnity of our citizens might have been
a just cause of war, it is most certain tjbat those
claims were hot the cause of that in which we
are now involved.
It may be proper, in the first place, toobsprve
that the refusal of doing justice in cass of this
kind, or the long delays in providing for them,
have not generally produced actual wiir. A I.
most always long-protracted negotiations have
been alone resorted to. This has ben strik.
ingly the case with the United Stated. The
claims of Great Britain for British debts, secur
ed by the treaty of 1783, were not settled and
twepty millions, possessed of unlimited resour- Paid lH ,he year 1S03 ; and it was only subse
j There is no impartial pub!ici;t
acknowledge the indubitable truth
sitions, It appears to me imposl' !
should be seriously denied by a sir
j It appears that .Mexico was at t!
posed to acknowledge the indpen !
as, but on the express condition x :
riot be annexed to the United '
Has been suggested that this wa3 i
the influence of some European
Whether this last assertion he tru ?
lnown to me. But the condition
able and offensive.
I Under an apprehension that Tei
tempted to accept the term3 propu
ernment of the United States may 1
ed it expedient to defeat the plan, 1
that annexation which bad been I
! dined, when the Government tf '
! anxious for it. -
j It may be admitted that, whet!
dent or annexed to the United .!.,
must he a slavebolding State so 1 :
ry shall continue to exist in Noith '
j lis whole population, with hardly ar,
consisted ot citizens of the Unite!
Both for that reason and on accoui..
graphical position, it was much t:.
that Texas should he a member f i
j States than of the Mexican Cor.f
Viewed purely as a question of ex;
j annexation might be considered a
cesland credit, and enjoyin
of a regular, strong, and free
all the benefits
Government.
nets U liberty for vou. with a vpntrennre.
inn oiu eaven oi seriionni ici muv ih.it
1. 1 , ; -j j --
Mfwrkept dqwn internal improvements in
Viribpbroliria.'! So long as the West would
'J cmam fribuiary to the hast, all was
?l; but wfcen, se,cing that all efforts to ob.
ai a but!etj to; market within our own bor-
fMre utterly helpless by embracing tho only
IdeWan yvilhiil 'our rach, our old masters
l their voice of opposition,: and power of
Stafc LepUfatlim i invoked to nut down i lv mvn fn Amnnnnd o oniinln nf rrlfate.
i - - , -r o
ifln between Charlotte and Danville to
T't i baleful influencel' unon the nrosneritv
State tt-'li wSllr in si rn (sever the State ! "mint iulip." He handed them, unon a
' ! i ' 1 ) M I
u,IotM iis entrethal icill be alone by the , waiter, to his two guests, who seemed to
,wWian Uoad. tchicn the Observer advo. I i ,u
V.tar Road, t is inic. wiil be the groat i "?c
gUire1 br travel ana mail transportation I curiosity and a
new things, which one meets with but
once in a series of years. That the con
tents of their glasses were in part liquid,
they had occular evidence, and the bare
to the stockholders. Will ; fact was sufficient to invite them to a
LffcM the; south land the north; give the
Ti ;and business merfof this rich, but com
aiy enslaved; section of .the Slate the
..ofa market on each side of them, where
nonei nt all. nnd form ctrL im.
ly known as iectar, but now ycleped
aration with a mixture of
mazement as one of those
shivering throughout his whole frame as
one upon whom the cold had done its
worst. His first words were of 44 liquor,"
and their well remembered tone convinc
ed our landlord that this was the; identical
wight, who just six months before had
made a similar call. He inquired of his
guest what liquor he would prefer, and
was proceeding to enumerate the long
catalogue of " hot whiskey," " apple tod
dy," 44 gin cock tails," &c, &c, &c, &c,
which he supposed most appropriate to
the weather and best adapted to the con
dition of the traveller, when the latter in
terrupted him" by observing that " these
were all very good at times, but just now,
he believed he would try somej of that
Mint and Ice ! ! "
hJjf valuable
hl&p .a bale
edit inflnenro" nnnn tho nrnt. i : .1 T'U.. c-; tUnl. A-lnhv
SiXlrZ j simultaneouslyllhen smack rhcir lips and
raKw inl;.rL,-. that hAirn pvor caze with a vacant air upon the ceiling,
f 11 i ll J - v ....vii w w i ,
nize the sensation, then their eyes meet,
and as they exhange glances, one gath
ers his brow and looks puzzled as much
as to ask, 44 what the devil can it be
the other compresses his lips, as if deter
mined to hold on to the sensation, and tips
his head with a! knowing inclination to the
as to say, "that's the tan
again. Next one of them
Wing-MpekU defeat every scheme here.
y project fur'irnprofing the internal con-
TVe fctfe. There is Here the shoe
Hwe are told; that oW Legislature should
vl Vi; i r'V"v" oeiween uanvme
Marlotle. Ah. Indeed! v u r.
,1 V " (n f t f uaic unci!
W j3Ulef aiding works of internal im
yaent ;-rbut this u the first time we ever
i Z)ta(e ealled uppn to put doxtn such
I W rtvJrt life ttmW.
It
is a
ugSetion right, as much
zy." They sip
-XVhseryer may rest assured of twothinirs. I zv
:ii 'Tbefrieildipf the! Charlotte and S. Car. pinches out from his beverage a sprig of
fVtnA i t 'I . 1 . . Lt . a . i
- ,Micnu iw cwuijiirue iiiai ciuerprize. me mint, an
ntbev will build lho rnnnorlinrr lintr '
.ianlr,Jii,i.J,t. M,a "Ps Ifius sweeping
M cr viaK8' lQe same pieoge lor , ...6.,na:U-..
4op9lltan route-? ingly at one of its leaves. Tl
i . . .i 1 1 rr
j.
ever the
for those
after drawing it between
oil the dew
bbles inquir-
he other fish-
-Ttt CABftl tvlv fin 1,
" a n! A ... J
res-ited
.ftPP1? rcd the House of
'h rV , ' v,c ?,aic OI outn uar-
'f..? Viyeas to 54nHVsi nnd nr. fk.
4."U-.viu yeas.
cs out a lump f ice, and crushes it hesi
tatingly between his teeth.
Upon consultation they decide that this is
"mint" and that must be " ice" hot as is the
weather, while they agree that the fel
lovy inihe greeij coat had mixed them such
a liquor as they had never seen or even
ALBERT GALLATIN ON THE WAR.
The voice of experience is
voice of wisdom. Well is it
who listen to its teachings. Of the few
venerable men who helped to achieve and
consolidate American liberty none re
mains better entitled to speak with au
thority to the people of this country than
the illustrious maq whose name stands
at the head of this article. A born Re
publican of the school, the bo$om friend
of Jefferson, the ardent patriot and learn
ed diplomatist, now advanced jto near the
age of ninety years, Albert Gallatin has
felt called to. speak once, more to the peo-
pie of the United States. At a time when
! the fires of personal ambition have ceas
i ed to burn, and when no charges of tory-
ism and federalism can harm j or disturb
the calm sunset of a life devoted to Am
erican freedom, he hasspokenjin all like
lihood, for the last time. Hafpy will it
be for our country if this warning of the
last man that binds this generation to a
former age shall be heard. Let no friend
of his country neglect to read and treasure
its teachings in his heart of hearts. Con
cord Demociat.
All this was anticipated ; but the extraordina
ry successes of the Americans have exceeded
the most sanguine expectations. All the ad.
vanced ports of the enemy (New Mexico, Cali
fornia, the line of the lower Rio Norte, and all
the seaports which it was deemed necessary
to opcupv) have been subdued. And a small
forcj?, apparently incompetent to the object, has
penetrated near three hundred miles into the
interior, and is. now in quiet possession of the
far-famed metropolis of the Mexican domin
ionsl The superior skill and talents of our
distinguished general and the unparalleled
brayery of our troops have surmounted all ob
stacles. By whomsoever commanded on ei
therjside, however strong the positions and for
tifications of the Mexicans, and with a tremen
dous; numerical superiority there has not been
a single engagement in which they have not
beeri completely defeated, fne -fnost remark
ablejand unexpected feature of that wartare is,
that (volunteers, wholly undisciplined in every
sensb of the word, have vied in devotedness
and hravery with the regular forces, and have
proved themselves in every instance superior
in the open field to the best regular forces of
Mexico. These forces are now annihilated or
dispersed ; and the Mexicans are reduced to a
petty warfare f guerrillas, which, however
annoying, cannot be productive of any impor
tant results.
It s true that these splendid successes have
beenjpurchased at a price far exceeding their
valuq. It is true that neither the glory of these
military deeds, nor the ultimate utility of our
conquests, can compensate the lamentable loss
of the many thousand valuable lives sacrificed
in the field, or the still greater number who
havejmet with an obscufe death, or been disa
bled ;by disease and fatigue. It Is true that
their j relatives, their parents, their wives and
children, find no consolation for the misery in
flicted upon them in the still greater losses ex
perienced by the Mexicans. But if, disregard
ing private calamities and all the evils of a
general nature, the necessary consequences of
this war, we-, revert solely to the relative posi
tion of the two countries, the impotence ot the
Mexicans and their total inability to continue
the yar, with any appearance of success, are
still manifest.,
i iThe question then occurs: W7hat are the
term4 which the United States have a right to
impose on Mexico? All agree "that it must be
an " fionorable peace ;" but the true meaning
of this word must in the first place be ascer
tained.
The notion that any thing can be truly hon
orable which is contrary to justice, will, as an
abstract proposition, be repudiated by every
citizen of the United States. Will any one
dare jo assert that a peace can be honorable
which does not conform with justice?
There is no difficulty in discovering the prin
ciples by which the relations between civil
ized and Christian nations should be regulated
and the reciprocal duties which, they owe to
each lother. These principles, these duties,
have long since been proclaimed ; and the true
law of nations is nothing else than the confor
mity to the sublime precepts of the gospel mor
ality precepts equally applicable to ihe rela
tions between man, and man, and to the inter,
course between nation and nation. 44 Thou
shalt ; love thy neighbor as thyself." 44 Love
your enemies." 44 As you would that men
should do to you, do ye also to them likewise."
The jsanctity of these commands is acknowl.
edged, without a single exception, by every de
nomination of Christians, or of men professing
to be; such. The skeptical philosopher admits
and admires the precept. To this holy rule
we should inflexibly adhere when dictating the
terms of peace. The United States, though
they have the power, have no right to impose
terms inconsistent wiih justice. It would be
a shameful dereliction of principle, on the part
of those who were averse to the annexation of
Texas, to countenance any attempt to claim
an acquisition of territory, or other advantage
on account of the success of our arms.
But, in judging of the acts of our Govern
ment it must be admitted that statesmen think
a conformity to those usages, which constitute
the law of nations, not as it should be but as it
is practically, sufficient to justify their conduct.
And y that inferior standard those acts and
our duties in relation to Mexico will be tested.
quent to lhat;year that the claims of the United
States, for depredations committed in 1703, were
satisfied. The very plain question of slaves
carried-away by the British forces in 815, in
open violation of the treaty of 1814, vas not
settled and the indemnity paid till the year
1820. 1 he claims against r ranee far depre- !
dations committed in the years 1806 jjo 1813,
were not settjed andj)aid for till the year 1834. !
In all ihose Cases peace was preserved by pa- !
tience and forbearance. j
With respect to the Mexican indemnities, the !
subject had been laid more than onc$ before
Congress, not without suggestions that strong
measures should be resorted to. But Congress,
in whom alone is vested the power of declaring
war, uniformly declined doling it. f
A convention was entered into on thi 11th of
April, 1839, between the United States and
Mexico, by virtue of which a joint commission
was appointed for the examination arid settle
ment of those claims. The powers of the com
missioners terminated, according totherconven-
tion, in February, 1842. The total amount of
the American claims, presented to the eommis
sion, amounted to $6,291,605. Of thlse, 82,
026,140 were allowed by the commission ; a
further sum of 928,628 was allowed by ihe com
missions of the United Slates, rejected by the
Mexican commissioners, and left undecided by
the umpire ; 'and claims amounting to 3,336,.
837 had not jbeen examined.
A new convention, dated January 30, 1843,
granted to the Mexicans a further delay for the
payment of the claims which had been admitted,
by virtue of which the interest due to trie claim
ants was made payable on the 30th jf April,
1843, and the principal of the awards ;and the
interest accruing thereon was stipulated to be
paid in five years, in twenty equal instalments
every three months. The claimants received
the interest due on the 30th of April, 1B43, and
the three instalments. The agent ol jhe Uni
ted States hating, under peculiar circumstances,
given a recelpt for the instalments duein April
and July, 1844, before they had been factually
paid by Mexicothe payment has been assumed
by the United States and discharged to the
claimants. I
Alhird convention was concluded at Mexico
on th
to both parties. But expediency i t
Mexico and Texas had a perfect rir
their differences and make peace cn ;
they might deem proper. The ani.
vent this result indicated a previous
ultimately to occupy Texas ; and w :.
nexalion was accomplished, when i: -that
the United States had apprcpri i'
selves all the advantages resulli:; :
American settlements in Texas, aru
subsequent insurrection, the purity
tives of our Government became t ; '.
picion.
j Setting ajside the justice of the pre
is true that it had been anticipated l ,v
took an active part in the annexati .
weakness of Mexico would compel i:
oi at least induce her not to resoit ; :
tual war. This was verified by tin
had Government remained in . the 1
whom the plan originated, war niiV
hijve been avoided. But, when no
poAver, they neither regulate the i;,
had given, nor control the reckless :
had evoked.
Mexico, sensible of her weakne ,
war, and only resorted to asupenl
matic intercourse ; but a profound
injury inflicted by the United State
since rankled in their minds. ;- Il'wi'. .
through all their diplomatic corn
through all their manifestoes, thai V
cans, even to this day, perpetually r
never iorgoiten ollensivc measure,
the other hand, tho subsequent aJn
of our Government seems to 'have
forgotten this primary act of inj'i-t"
their negotiations to have acted as it
only an accomplished fact, and had L
ter of course,
j (To be Continued.)
' FROM THE PACIFIC.
I The New York Herald has I
1 paraiso and Lima newspapers, fi
are made the annexed extract
has been a terrible earthquake
ami Peru, destroying several to v.;
occurred on the same day as t!.
be 20th of November, 1643, by the Pleni- ! flfts,rnvp(1 .u,, ,mvn .rnilnn
potentiates 6f the two governments, by which y-J --
provision was made for ascertaining and paying ! From the P"i Neighbor of O,
the claims on which no final decision had been 0n the 8th inst an earthquake
made. In January, 1844, this convention was here at 11 o'clock in the mor;
ratified by the Senate of the United Stales, with j duration was forty-five secon !
two amendments which were referred to the I port, though in Almendrul it v.
Government of Mexico, but respecting which no violent and protracted. The v
answer has ever been made. Onthel2ih of ' of the tower of the custom-hr
April, 1844, a treaty was, concluded by.the Pre- ! perceived with fearful distinctly
sident with Texas, for the annexatipn of that re- j walls of some I
building were cr;
The shock at Illapel was mo
than it was -in this place. .Si
houses were thrown down, an 1
lost. In Santiago the shock
powerful than in Valparaiso,
whole region of country,-of ten
square miles, was made to
tlie leaf of a tree, and that on an
for the time, so far as it can be ;.
ed, was almost simultaneous in
public to the United States. This treatjf, though
j not ratified by the Senate, placed the tjvocoun.
! tries in a new position, and arrested for a while
all negotiations. It was only on the 1st of
March, 1845, that Congress passed a joint res
olution for the annexation.
It appears' most clearly that the United States
are justly entitled to a full indemnity for the in
juries done to their citizens ; that, before the
annexation of Texas, there was every :prospect
of securing that indemnity : and that those in-
juries, even if they had been a just cause' for i hundred miles distant.
war, were in no 6hape whatever the cause of I From the Lima New Era, of Nov-.-. "
.i i ti ' . . I., i i . . .
mat in wmcn we are now invoiveu. j i j c learn almost total cestrt
Are the United States justly entitled to in- 1 La Ligua and Petorca. The
demnity for any other cause ? This Question j of lhe earthquake was evidently ;
cannot be otherwise solved than by an inquiry nnh Coquimbo suffered extn ;
into the facts, and ascertaining by whom, and buijingg wcfc TL,i
how, the war was provoked. J mhssof ruins. The oscillations cf
IIL-Tr Annexation of Texas' , ure frjghtful. The whole j
' At the time when the annexation of Texas i slept in the open field : even ti.
took place, Texas had been recognized as an in! the rivers were raised from t:.
independent power, both by the United States ' arid thrown to a distance,
and by several of the principal European Pow. rThe ship of the line Columl
ers; but its independence had not beeh rccog. , Wyman, bearing the pennant
nised by Mexico. Nothing can be more clear BiduMe, was at Valparaiso en t
and undeniable than that, whenever two nat.ons October, lately from California,
are at war, if a third Power shall enter into a frti tUi r,a V,-ml,f.r
i- it. rr- J i -.1 lUilCMiaill III! A i vr V
treaty oi alliance, oiu'iisive auu ucirnpt;, wnu
either of the belligerents, and if such treaty is
not contingent, and is to take effect immediate, j
ly and pending the war, such treaty s a de- i
duration of war against the other party. The j
causes of lhe war between the two billergents
do not alter the fact. Supposing that (he third
party, the interfering Power, should hkvc con
cluded the treaty of alliance with that belliger
ent who was clearly engaged in a most just
then sail for the United fcstate?.
Dr. Crump, of Virginia. A mcr!
ister resident in Chili, returns it.
does also E. It, Dorr, Esq., form
erican Consul for the city of Y.,
THE VETO POWER OUT-V
i Yesterday was a day to be rr
in the annals of the House of i:
; . t i r . . .
Uuives. uy a signal exemon t.
independence, by an assertion cf
tiye authority, openly contemnt 1
fied by the Executive, ir the n
the improvement of the Hake at
Navigation of the West, the IS
done itself undvincr honor, Lv t
. j o m
unon the nronosition introduce
i , - -1
m -m
war, the treaty would not be the less ai declar
II Indemnities to Citizens of the United i ation of war against the other belligerent.
i If Great Britain and I ranee were nl war,
States. j and the United States were to enter into such
The United States had, and continue to have a treaty with either can there be the lightest
an indubitable right to demand a full indemni- doubt that this would be actual war against the
ty for wrongs inflicted on our citizens by the other party; that it would, be considered as
Gnrpi-nment of Mexico, in violation of treaties such, and that it must have been intended for
riko of Lnnwlpdorpd lawa of nations. The : ihnt nurnncp f If. at this moment, either Fiance Up
.:t;a fXr caiisfviim those iust demands ' ,,r rn.,unA -ro to makp such a treaty with i Wentworth. of Illinois, ainrmi:
had been interrupted by the annexation of Tex- Mexico, thereby binding themselves to defend j pies directly adverse to those ot t
as. When an attempt was subsequently made ! and protect it with all their forces against any j and preceding Veto Messages c S t
to renew them, it was therefore just and proper ' 0,her Power whatever, would not the United j ident, the House has recognised :
that both subjects should be discussed at the j States instantaneously view such a treaty as a . theory of our Government at. 1.
same time ; and it is now absolutely necessary j declaration of war, and act accordingly ? j ye to have said, has re-cstaL!
that those just claims should be fully provided : rjul the annexation oftTexas by the United : cpnstitution of the United Stat
for in any treaty of peace that may be conclu- 5 States was even more than a treaty of offensive greritness of the majority (ber
,nA nnrl'ihat the navment should be secured ' anft defensive alliance. It embraced all the : ,.tc mnm thnn a tivn.t'.lr
agairist any possible contingency. 1 take it j conditions and all the duties growing out of the mQSl gratifying, because it a-
for granted that no claims nave oeen or snan alliance ; anq it imposeo mem lorever. rrom . policy of In
The city of Venice is about to send a pre.
, . j w ww... - gen jo iue rope, coiisianii .
dreamed of before. Thevrall (Vtrtwnmore i hU fin nirrejt of cannon! What would have
. t aw w . w jiv v t
chances: atidVrnile the landlord is engag-' feter saia io sucn nzuy
be sustained by our Government but such as
are founded on treaties cr the acknowledged
law of nations.
Whenever a nation becomes involved in
war,! the manifestoes, and every other public
act issued for the purpose ot justifying its cod-
Ihe moment wneniexas naa oeen anneu, . , . f. ,
the United States became bound to protect and ; :"::ZZ:A ui:X:i
i-rA liar .fu,,. Ur lomiim,tn Iiindares j;iw.j'w '
u :: " on of the veto- deadly fang.
. lr t-rsJ. . a,u t,. .,nif.rrt!v acted Honor to the House of Reprr-j
i isavwe. iat.inuiir
WM I
- -, . I !
I !
xed,
1 1 I-'
4- --l