t
V;
-
1.
irrl.
.H .
I1;
PRIZE ESSAY
: : '' " ' ! j OS THE 1 1
TION OF WORN OUT
I I ir EilWABIv STABLER. 1 J
J j Of &tf Montsomeri County, Maryland.
''A!'V ' "I -il' - ji: (CONTINCED.) ' "
'ij )ww(4 of! the American Farmer having "offered
..; 50 for Pie hrft, g3y lor the second, and 'JU
lj fot t Hhir.d ; Committee-appointed for the pur
: pniftin'uf Dr. 'J. V. Thompson, of Delaware,
' 'gnJ Jui'Jre Chitoibere, Messrs- C. D. Calvert, A. Bow
-VrU Icivii, ftnM IM U. vortnington,oi .iaryinna, unani-
J" '. -r kf . .i r nr I I -
t in6:y awarded the; following the. first prize..
rjgapei4no?rleiii years since,! determined
' io lekuW'n joining field,-at whatever cost.
'i tr!ii io:n: nrevious bv one of mv neiLrh.
': ik,Vf,'..wHoJ ildf' hla .farm and removed to the
' Weston oifiJr to settlc on'beiter land, that the
i tWpt ' Would be- futile ; or, if it was made
)Vodiic''iHcij w.ouy cost a great deal more than
! Ijbe land .w'i' worth, The prospect teas forbid
I Itfin '''fof-- larger- portion was as much re.
i ,ugedj as cbuld bfeby fli,allow tillage, no ma
i nvirejno grass-p;ed sown, and constant wash-
I fai? evefi ;'to gullies, and ;prodticingJittle else
' jthao running, briars, ft was broken tip in the
IfaW W AtiiireiVto a much greater depth than it
t . ! '-i i ) t , r . i t 1 e
- war ever , t oUjhed before ; 6ixty busnels of
,ras- MY : . i V J
vc'iicig lifnjs to the acre, wre applied in the -
r " . I A J L ;i I I A U.iJ 1
iipririf'. iHCjgrwutiu wen uaiiuncu uuu iianicu ,
nn ctiin I slich portions as required it, having
Wn Well ;under drained sotnb two to three j
.1 I i i il. ... . i . .l ,u.
icresi aiiU
. loijucodl ahjthing of a cfop. or that more .than
paid be expense nf ploughing. A crop of oats
nnd irraa seed followed : as it was not consioS
. jtted ivortb the' trouble and expense to put in a
crop; of wheal, on two thirds oT the field. Af
ler u of Isevtjri years, the samp field again
romibg. tn course, exactly the same plan was
'rufsJedas io ipiigbing and lime ; but rather
increasing the depth than otherwise. ,
The crop of corn, though injured by the bud
l .tvorrini Va.od enabling, me to do, what I
fcad rfrelyjl or Jiever done before, sell from one-
fquartr to oriothiid of the crop,- Oats followed,
on alK)Ut 't'ohirds of the field, with some five
jOr sic Wscls ofbones to the acre, and wheat
fun thd balance, with guano: both heavy crops,
ind ladgHVft over file greater-part of the field.
lowed a wheat crop on the whole, ma.
Burec as much as possiuie irom ttie barn yard ;
tnrtlinii lti4 li.ilaifce. a lieht tlressinf of frti.inn
-rr ' , n r . -r r
elghty to, one hundred pounds, to rfe ;
acre. - -.. i . , s
The average yielJ of the field was over thir
jrthrce bushels to, the acre.
I These results arc attained" with certainty ;
for every field and lot are. accurately surveyed,
JunJ vfitp icoiitonlfli noted on The plat of the farm,
ind the product of this field was kept separate,
vVresbed,! atul njeastirod ly itself. Fhe great. ;
r portion suffered from the drought early last 1.
jear f and itie Harvesting, was uaaiy cone, ow
ing to tjie .fallen i and tangled state. of the grain
frbmk ttprtti, about the time of ripening ; .lut
I have iio doubt several contiguous acres might
avej been sielcctcdon the lowest ground (the
portiip undVr drairied) on which the yield was
prerlforly' bushels to'tho acre. This season,
the itnc fie d Yielded ttie-heaviest crop ol grass
I jvcV harvested ; Vdnd even on what 'was orig-
(nally (he poorest part, there is now a luxuriant
Crop if socuhd grpwth clever, and intended, for
ted,,tliat is bidijiris over the whole extent.
J ..... i i i B: j
AVa tlt ill estfdiatc the profit and loss by figures :
Jo 70 bu;t,hejs of lirne, cost at the kiln,
t lOcetUS, : - fl'J-ou
I tdseveii yenrs' iiiterst, (though it paid
4 in (asi ii rj in hi s j) ine, ) 4 02
I !To OCr bit-heU of litrie, cot at the kiln,
:7.
1
3
o
50
35
00
00
three; gears' interest, v
1p6 tiuh'U gnMimjlxmep, at 50 cents,
fa lOdpouiitls guan!), (Afalican,)
Jr. : ' i
27 48
t.
: i I Co.tTKA. )
iDv Jidibushels of wheat, average
I price sold at $1 ai, 843 23
Etiiija!to jinlrcalse of corn drop,
first Lotl A'i. n'rola .111 &' nrl
entirely owiujg to the lime,) 12
Efirrtate nerease of oat cropSO
00
'male, increase ot oat crop,
! hui!if (, b i()"cents, '. .
Kstiniate intrreiso of hay crop,
: 1 tha, J . .
Eitinjate ;mhc of clover seed,
i' (for theref would have been
8 00
10 00
;' none.' without tho lime,) 14
6 00
r
79 23
851 75
:& .
v.
.mil
ri'ih rund numbers, 850 per acre in
tVaH of erioVaVinjr nor is the estimate a
U V. ' ' .1', ... I T
ftrced'one.l' lhe actual increase of the crops
ii creator than
lou. - -..a. -a :r
; . f , , ' .
Mail-
I fair atferago-was
1,1
Jrttnl (crop of oats and whtat, the augregate re-
uh Hvould 'bo increased some95 to 0 per
i,Thift iKrtiild. nerhan: in the view of some.
lie ar charge for draining, and for hauling and
'eiJhig) the lime ; also for tho manure, for
jcroo of! wheat ;; ami lr the expense of
Kbarvfatin the increased crops.
The two former are amply paid for in the in.
V'd pasture, and the marture was n more
T' MC actual y iei,tl Ol iue luim mni, uiiltiuc
llime Ac c.t. which are charged in lhe ac-
Ati
;.9u'lt, and at, more than tho cost ; and i.t is bo-
bQfl the. increased product in ttraw and fod-
t..u: ' v . ; r i i
I
. wny repays ttio expense oi narvesung io
!7 otluiig pf the present ftate of thp land, as
tl6amt'ln'u.'lit'i ivoa nriii!nillu II I nnw
and vtiu anextly, improved.
When tim ha", frlv ,M1 nUs.Pr wilt
J if not always, act promptly and eflK
r:i An(i;.Ko. in iKi. vJv .mnirnonaA
mi;iy m in oeroetuatimrthe imorovement.
s applicationin this case, plaster:
r4li used, but with no visible effect
! .
l.anhl,with th horse-rake, and by the
Sk' l " '. wa8 i " ",e l"m u
1 vviuniter rronoi wnrui wiin ine uraswh
u.u . . . 1
manv who saw it, as well worth harvew
'I1'' ;
ll Bi ""
jmUNEIt & JAMES, j if ' J: . . jj- . -. I' . ( NEW SERIES
i i .11 ( : " Ke voc 0 3V Do tb.S,.i Liberty b ArE. ) OLiiUHO. ;;,
; duort JfB Voprtort. ) Rolebs, 5 ' 'Z-&r&j&Zfe I G'"'' I1'r"'- VOLUME V NUMBER 53.
I ! I f SALISBURY, N. C, THURSDAY, MAY 3, 1849. ' j
LJ : : f ; ' ! 'i f'I ' . . ...
whatever: now, its action is'as marked on thd
ame land, as Lhave ever seen any wfjere.
Wherever litn can be obtained at a reason
able price i-say fiom twelve to twenty cents
per bushel in a caustic state' (or at half pried
it air-slacked.) with even hve to ten mijes haul
ing it may be used to advantage onfmos:, f
not all, stiff clay soils. . '.; I
In some sections these priqes are paid and
! it is hauled fifteen to twentjf miles ; ind liy a
class ol men unsurpassed forihdustry and thiifti
The writer lias known no instance here its
use was persevered in, under whatever disad
vantage it might be, in which success, ta a!
greater or less extent did notjefown th effl rt
and many, who borrowed money to procures Jt!
mtne first instance, have mainly by its use be
come independent, and money leadefg them
selves.
JBonwcomposed principally of phosphate
u Jimc anu iiciauiiuus annual niiiuer wiieil
, , i c . i . i
crushed or frotinn. fnrm n f thp. nrhpet ma.
nure8 it acisj vvej either ane or wgh other!
I t. i. Li . I" -i-Li I
inimures, aim is particularly vaiuaoie iq aiG ine
growth of clover: for this reason I class itde.
"aeciiy ieiore guano, at an equat expenoit ire
of money, for renovating worn-out lands.
nuiiuwii. uui u jmuiijii in acting, ii is uir inpre
durable and more likely to produce a god crop;
of clover to turn ur.der; clover being? almlost
the only " green'crop" that I have found much
advantage from turning in. I I
-1 ureter its use, loilowmz tne lime, -and on
' the oat crop atthe rate of frohi six to te!n bush
els, or as much more as the; j renovator may
please, for an increased quantity will dp nonin
jury. Un the wheat, succeeding, the oats, my
j practice is, to apply a light dressing o gur no
say 80 to 100 pounds lp (hq acre, tofmature
arAj perfect the grain; and only on such por
tions of ihe ;fleld as the manure from I He barn
yrfrd will not extend to. By he time the clo
ver requires the aid of the bone, it will hiive
become sufrjciently disintegrated and incorpor
ated with the soil, to give the plover a vigorous
start ; and its effect on the gr!ass crops'; is gen
; erally more! durable than the vegetable nfia-
nures.
j The supply of ground bones Is a limited one ;
but when to be had at a reasonable price, (usu-
. . ... . .. . . . i . v . i .
; ally selling at 40 to 00 centa the bushel,) it
i. j . i . m i
. -
r i.-. u,..h ripr7dpdlv!7 ndntnL
after passing through the alcmbick of (he g ue
manufacturer, as I have proved, at leasjt to ny
satisfaction; thus depriving it of much of its
fertilizing property. It is usually harrwed in
with the seed, as it loses less by exposure to
the atmosphere than most kinds of present ma-nures.-
j :
, ,
Guano.' This Ls one of the most active of
all manures ; and if the pricel would iuitify the
application in sufficient quantifies, it mtght iid
very materially in " renovatingiworn-ouiyana i.
15ut considering the evanescent nature of its
most active principle, ammoni, and the present
high market price, viz : Peruvian, at B60 to
870, ami the rnore inferior kinds at $45 Jto $;5
for the ton of 2.000 pounds, it 1 is much (louhied
whether he ultimate advantage, calcUlatedjon
; by many, will be realized. ;If the Peruvian
could be ;obtainjed at about half this price
and it is believed such would be the case with
i a fair competition in the Peruvian market
the .case might be different. J- L
! The writer has made liberal use of guar o,
i and generally to profit, as to the immediate ret
turn; but in no case has much benefit been
derived beyppd the first cropland rarely w!as
; any material effect perceived ! after the 'second
ryea, .1. : i I I h
I This opinion, so different from that enter
tained by slome dthers, is not lightly formed,
! nor without several years' careful obseryatio i ;
and also testing the matter by numerous ex.
periments, and on a scale sufficiently extended,
j to prove the truth, or falacy,of the doctrine
T held by some, that it is only a stimulanti Re-
terence to one experiment may sunice, as they
all tend to the same result, and nearly! to th
:ie
same degree. , ' i I i
In a field of some ten acres, one acre wjis.
' selected near the middles and extended through
the field, so as to embrace a.ny difference of
I soil, should 'thereibo any. On this acre tv.o
; hundred pounds o Peruvian gtiano, at acost of
! about fi. werp. own with th whpati A .
' in! n ! ii ir I hi nim nn nn nnA cirlo wa: mnniifn frnVn
the barn yard, at the rate of twenty. five caitt. The commercial, monetary, and ;war
I loads to the acre ; and on thp opposite siije j like intelligence brought by the last over
(separated by an operdrain! tae whoe 'clip- Ijland mail is regarded in Englala4as very
tance) ground bones were applied on te bail, satisfactory. i
ancc of the field, at a cost of !$G to the acre1 ; l ENGLAND,
the fnrld equally limed two yeairs precedfing.- I i , . .
There was no material difTere'nce in ilie lidie ! Parliament adjourned for the Easter
or manner ot seedmii, except that the nianute
was Ughily cross-ploughed in, and the fguarto
and bones harrowed in with the wheat
The yield on the guanoed acre was Sthi
five uushels ;Mhe acre with bone, as nea
ar as
' couhl t)e estimated by dozens, compared with
the guano was about twenty'sevien bushels, aijd
IhA mnnnron arirnf t n f v foil wi hiichple ! I h o
the manured, about twenty-fouff bus,hels.j THe
season wast unusualy cry ; and the manured
portion suffered more from ihi cause tHan ep
her of the others ; 4he land cotisiderably moe
elevated, and a south "exposure!. j
The field has since been mowed three times ;
the crop of grass was evidently in tavorbf trie
honed part the -second and third were Fully
two to one avert he guano, and also yielding
much heavier crops of clover sed. " On a part
of the land, eighteen bushels to lhe acrejlof the
finest of thej bone were used ;jthe wheit was
as heavy asi on the guanoed, j and the ! grass
generally lodges be lore harvest, asjjso doejs
on nuch of the adjoining land with twelvel bush,
els of bone. I , t ! !
The; action and durability ofiruano probably
vary on different soils ; and although it mav
i generally bej used to advantagai in aid ofta sia
Cr?P' V -K"? " salisffc'ory evden1cP
hat its fertilizing properties are very d.i-
rabe unless: applied irrsuch quantities as may
n't
III HID CUU UIVl V
omes to.
, (Tnano should 710 be used with caustic lime
M or ishes, nor very soon succeeding theirfappl
, cation.
It may wiih decided advantage
be
mixed with niastcr. to fix and retain tho ammd-
.. rilt-- 4nH In.: nan n il titt nl !A mftr.a Iff IOftff
j . . . . t . jt ,
- "1 "i yi" "-f
h to sow it broadcast, arid plotizh sin Immediately.
TWELVE HITS LITER EltfiT
EUROPE.
ARRIVAL OF THE !
STEAMSHIP EURO P A.
HIGHLY IMPORTANT NEWS.
' . i
Rather better prospect of peace in Europe.
Decisive Battles Sardinia: conquer
edby the Austrians. Abdication of the
King. His valor in the Field.-r- All Italy
now in the power of Radetzky.Tuscu-;
"ny to be re revolutionized.- The Pope, to
be restored.- The Danish quarrel cofiH
Unuing.The Sicilians again in Amis,.
The King of Prussia elected Em pet
ror of Ger many. France declines to
interfere in Italian affairs. M. proud
hon and his set convicted or flying the
Country. British forces triumphant in
India. Cotton about the same. Grain
Market down. Provisions firm.
Correspondence of the Express' j
St. John, N. B., Wednesday, 5 A. M.
The. Steamer Europa, Capt. Lott, with
twelve days later from all parts pf pnf
rope, arrived at Halifax at half ten, yes
terday, A. M.
The News, its Effects on Trade, fyc.
Under the influence of more favorable
advices from India, and the existing lull
in the excitement of Continental politics,
trade, in nearly every department, is be
ginning to assume a more cheerful aspect,
There is still an uneasy feeling respect.
ing the threatened hostilities in the north i
of Europe, but since the abrupt and de? j
cisive termination of the conflict between
Sardinia and Austria, the complete pros,
tration of Charles Albert, one of thb most
serious obstacles to a satisfactory adjust
ment of Continental difficulties, seems to
have been overcome, and could the Dan
ish quarrel be disposed of, which unfor
tunately there is no present prospect ! of,
nothing material would stand in the way
of permanent i prosperity in commercial
ailairs.
- f i
The Funds, Stocks, Markets, c. i
The English Funds are again on the
advance and Consuls have risen 18 per
cent during the last two weeks, havinjr
fluctuated from 93 1-2 oh the 2nd to 9
and 92 1-8 on the 5th, at which they clos
ed for money and account, j
Money, though still abundant, hasjslight
ly increased in value. The lowest bank
rate is still 3 per cent, but with private
banks the best bills are done at about 2
per cent.
The Bank of England returns show
that the bullion in the vaults amounts tb
about 15,000,000 ; so that any drain
which may arise from the United States,
in correcting the present inequality of the
exchanges, will be met without the; least
difficulty or fear of renewing the scenes
of 1847. , j i
The weekly accounts of the Bajik of
France show a progressive improvement
of the trade of Paris." The French funds,
since the total defeats of Charles Albert, '
have been well maintained, Th last lne mountains, unarles Albert aDdicateu
closing prices were: Three per cents, 5G. j lhe throne in favor of bis son Victor E
80 ; Five per cents 89.80. .'i'i manuel, and a flag of truce being sent to
t. The importations of -breadstuff's inio the Austrian tent, Marshal Radetsky at
scale, and the same may be said of all
kinds of provisions. No change can be
noted in the grain trade, although a ra
ther more firm feeling was manifested
1 ' i t . c J ; .1!'
durinK the last few days previous -to the
sailinor nf thp. F.tirnnn.
n,J unH-n ; Ua AftL
iimarket.
i rt-ceaa, auu uiei tigam on tuts uiu.iiismiii.
IT he two main objects which have divided
its attention have been the Navigation
Bill and the Rate in Aid Bill for Ireland,
which latter has branched out into a gen
j jefal deba
eral debate on the policy to be pursued to-
llL ! 1. T. ...III l- ' .1 .
ijward that doun'lry. It will be seen tlfat
rmA t-v- -
jsome implortant modifications have been bout to depart. Mr. Temple and M. Re
Imade in the Navigation Bill. I queval, who had gone personally, in com-
I The revenue returns for the financial pany with the admirals, to make a last
iyear and quarter ending on the 5th ins't., ; effort ta accomplish a conciliatpry ar
eshow a continuous though not a very ; rangement, bad returned to Naples.
great, improvement in the customs re vie-
jnue. 1 here is an increase ot jLI, 109,554,
as compared with the previous year. In ;
the excise department, there is an increase
pf 569.032. j In all other branches jbf
lhe ordinary revenue there is a decrease,
the most considerable item being one lot
719,581 upon stamps. The excess f
increase over decrease, of the total re ve
hue of the year, is 867,289.
THE NAVIGATION BILL,
I
i The Navigation Bill before Parliament
has undergone a very materiaP bhang!?.'
Tt, i c ..,i;f; , ,wSL
;lhe principal of retaliating upon thpse
r , ...U ..U. .1 t 1
vantages to: England which she -freely
Ur,iQ,i . .u 1 1 j:Lk.lu.:i
uviuiuru lu Lutein. nn uriiii uisnuui u vi'u
iKf t- rr 1 . u ,t ' i u-
tJ f ;-" k 'Tf W though this
reserved right would involve the gqyern-
pent in perpetual disputes with: foreign
nations. He has according! v brought for-
vard a new scheme, by which he proposes
to dividee-the law into iwo branches, the
one to apply to the foreign trade, and the
other to embrace the colonial and coast
ing trade, and to make the bargain with
foreign countries conditional upon their
granting equivalent advantages to Great
Britain. ;
Mr. Laboucbere, under the plea that
the difficulties respecting carrying duty
paid tobacco, &c. coastwise forinstajice, j down a large force to crush the41ungari-1 cafu(,,ral dome arching t i wards the hea
would be found insuperable in practice,! ans. At present there seems no prohable ! Vt'n Nvll'cu ,l is the nut familiar! sy-
U ...:.U .1 .1 lLi r .i : . : i-.if i ii . i nnnvmc nml tvnl-i,' li finale nmnn4
ijd.-s wuuuiawii me wuuic ui ine ciausess .
having reference to the coastinn trade.
and the Navigation Bill stands till much
the same position as i( did last year, as
respects its actual .provisions, but with as
redied majority in its favor.
In the House of Commons the Bill went j r
through the Committee previous to the
adjournment, and the third reading was
fixed; for an early day after the Easter
recess.
' CANADIAN AFFAIRS.
The struggle in Canada respecting the j
proposed indemnity for rebellion losses has j
only Deen incidentally alluded to in rar- uo so, u is generally believed that it will
liament, and all parties connected with . most certainly involve Prussia in a war
the North American Provinces seem dis- with Austria and Russia. The latter pow
posed to await the issue before they har- 1 er seems now resolved to put down the
rass the Colonial Minister with complaints revolutionary spirit in Europe, and only
upon a subject for which he is scarcely j wants the opportunity to let slip the dogs
responsible.
Out of doors, attention is anxiously di
rected towards Canada and the reported
neutrality of the new Executive of the
United States, upon a false rumor of dis
turbances, gave great satisfaction.
CONTINENTAL NEWS.
At the sailing of the Niagara it will be
remembered that war was impending in
the North of Italy, and it was anticipated
that either the Austrians or the Piedmon
tese would immediately cross the Ticino
boundary. :
Three Decisive Battlei. ,
i In a brief fortnight Charles Albert has
fought and has been conquered, and is
now an abdicated King and exile in Ma
drid or Lisbon.
The Austrians parsed the Ticino simul
taneously with the Piedmontese, and spee
dily fell back. Three successive battles
ensued. In the two latter, on the Plains
of Vercelli, the Austrians were complete
ly victorious. The last battle, on the 24th
ultimo, the main army of the Austrians,
some 50,000 strong, encountered Charles
Albert at Olango, nearlNavara.
Defeat of the Piedmontese.
The Piedmontese appear to have been
of more than equal force. The battle
was fought with terrible obstinacy, and
although we hear from many quarters
that the Italians shrunk from the contest,
certain it is that Charles Albert behaved
with the rriost distinguished bravery.
Finding the day going against him, he
seems to have sought every opportunity
to meet his death on the battle field, and
whaveter may be the verdict of history as j
to his past conduct, certain it is that noth
ing graced his public life so much as the
last act. and his quitting it.
Abdication of Charles Albert.
The Austrians having completely rout
ed the Piedmontese, and driven them to
" I . t 1 All iff i
lhe new
King pledges himself tb conclude a treaty
of peace, and to disband ten military com
panies of Hungarians, Poles and Lom
bards, who are received. The Austrians,
WHO lliXU 1 U i I UUC IV lijcill, iliaruaiii-
L , , , , . . L
refused to take advantages which
might have provoked the susceptibility of
X I ttllv .
Conscquenccs of this Battle.
The conseqences of this importantbat-
V . , , J. .1 1f
tie are scarcely yet.developed in the dif
ferent parts of Italy. Modena, Tuscany
and Rome will probably change their
views, now that all hopes from Piedmont
are at an end. It is generally believed
that the Pooe will be able to return to
' A.
Rome.
The Sicilians.
The Sicilians hold out. The French
""and English admirals have failed to make
1 . U I J . i.
up matters, and at the last dates were a-
, 0n lhe 2Sth. efforts having been alto
gether fruitless previous to this last effort.
; The Admirals had sent a steamer to make
a circuit of the island, touching at all the
principal ports and roadsteads, with the
mediation of France and England. The
answer given, was one unanimous cry of
" war," from the whole populatton. The
Parliament at Palermo voted unanimous
; ly, that they would not condescend to en
; ter into any further negotiations ; but,
I that, on Thursday, the 28th, at noon, hos-
tilities should be recommenced.
1 he en-
i tbusiasm of the population at Palermo, is
. ... 1 K. ., . , -y,
The
1UI.OVIIUVU .o 1-VI.l.Ulll.
U1CI . ., t. t.
sexes, are worKing in ine uentufN mu5i
: . ..... ... , , -
peop e think the Sicilians nave had lair
P a evenluallyi tlley
lc,",a VJ11V,CU ,1CW ' J f.
; musi : accept , nn...
The Hungarian War.
Of the Hungarian war, very little au-
thentic is known, except that it
races
nercHv. Bern bavin? frained some rl
vantages over a body of Russian?: but
soon found himself overwhelmed with
their numbers, and the Emperor will glatUj
iy seize upon any pretext, to interfere fur- j
ther. We shall not be at all surprised to
hear that the Emperor of Russia, unon
the solicitation of the Austrians, brings'
itriiiinauon Ol mis UeaulV Struople oar. ;
ried on by both parties in the most bar
barous manner.
The iVeij' German Ca'sqj'.
The Frankfort Parliament has finally
elected the King of Prussia, Emperor of
rmany, and the powerful deputation,
had proceeded to Berlin to tender the
crown at Charlurague. At first no one
believed that .-the King would be so mad
as to accept the proffered honor ; but now
it is believed he will, with certain condi-
tions, so as to avoid giving offence to the
other Potentates of Germany. Should he
of war.
FRANCE.
XO INTERVENTION.
With some exceptional disturbances in
the distant provinces. France continues
tranquil, and Louis Napolean is proceed-
ing in the surest path to maintain his po- i
sition by instantly suppressing domestic i
disorder, and by steadily avoiding inter-
ference by force of arms in the afFairs of i
-
the co-terminous nations, notwithstanding
the excitement attempted to be created by
the Red Republicans upon the question of
Piedmont. Louis Napoleon and his min
istry set their faces against an armed in
tervention for the purpose. of preventing
that which nobody contemplated the dis
memberment of Sardi nia, so that men of
all parties in England consider that a great
step has been made towards tfVie pacifica
tion of the South of Europe. TAs the ex
emplary moderation of Austria gives a
further guarantee that hostilities will not
be resumed upon the questions of the
Lombard provinces.
PROGRESS OF THE ELECTION?
The proceedingsof the National Assem
bly continue, but of subordinate interest.
The different parties are now engaged in
their respective electioneering proceed
ings, and the mob orators of the Socialists
seize the occasion to excite the people by
the most violent language, but we find j
that a vast majority ol the t rench people j
will support the cause of order, and that,;
a very small number of Socialists will be j
elected to the new chamber. At any rate,
tin; duels are got nu ot tor some time to
come.
THE .SOCrALIST LEADERS CONVICTED OR
DANISH ED.
i
M. Proudhon has been condemned bv
a jury for libeling the President of the
Republic, but unfortunately has escaped
from justice and the countr)-. , M. Duch
esne has shared the same fate as to con
viction and is to suffer one years imprison
ment. It is very satisfactory to state that
Barbes, Blanqui, Flocon, Sobrier, Raspail
and Quintln, have been convicted at Bour
ges, and Barbes and Albert are-sentenced
transportation for life, Blanqui and others
to ten years imprisonment each. General
SoutLer, Degne, Bourne, Thomas, Sailain,
and Larges have been acquitted and set
at liberty. Causideere, Louis Blanc, Hon-
T . T a s a
oure, L,avison, iNapoleon Chancel, and
Zigneuret,nothaving appeared, have been
ViKILllllll U Uiil VUlJiUMJflV.r. (U1U U(l U I'I CM
; sentenced to transportation. The remo-
val of these pests of o iet will we ho
. ". . ' ... n '
tend to consolidate public tranquility.
The great body of the French peopfef'is
undoubtedly sound in principle and the
prudent course pursued by Louis Napo
leon, tends to improve the condition of the
country in almost every branch.
M. Proudhon's journal has been again
seized. This paper seems to set all gov
ernment at defiance.
SPAIN.
Spain furnishes, hut little fresh news.
The Provincial War continues.
PORTUGAL is quiet.
TURKEY.
The Sublime Porte has issued a mani
festo declaring that he does not consider
the state of "Europe such as to require her
to increase her forces.
IN THE BALTIC.
Advices from Hamburgh, of the 3d in
stant, sta?e that tnere is no chance now
of the differences between Schleswig
Holstein and Denmark, being amicably
settled, and no doubt hostilities will com
mence to clay or to-morrow. Troops, prin
cipally Prussians, are passing continually
to the seat of war. The port of Keil is
blockaded. There does not appear to be
the least hope that Denmark wilj yield the
Duchies, and as Russia will unquestiona-
bly support her pretensions, it is to be
A.,u . j..i.i ,i;.nntR.
cnuugu ..-.-. mn jiwihu., ... . f
. .1 .11
, rattier u
. conflict,
rather than run the hazard of a disastrous
1XDTA.
triumph of the bhiti?h forccs.
Dates from Bombay, to the 4th March,
i
siaie uint anottipr uatjte ti&Q ceen louguc
near Gozeraf, bef wretr the BrifishVand
Sikh forces, in which tie latter were de-;
feated, but the details had not been re
ceived Ffom the Cth lo th 12th of Feb.
ranous skirmishes took place, but without
any'serious encounter. I'i
On the 12th the Sikhs retreated tovardi
the Chenah which tby were-preventeoli
from crossing by the Bombay division un
der GenWhich. On Ihe following jday;.
the British divisions "having effected jai
junction, Lord Gough succeeded in bring-!
ing the enemy to battle in the open field I
near the city of Guggernt, jn which' the
Sikhs were completely routed, leaving a
j great portion of their guns and aramuni-i i ; J
I lion, as well as the standing camp In'" r
i tue possession oi ttieir conquerors, 1-
THE ATMOSPHERE:
The atmosphere ri-eS ah r,e us wtt
its
like that grand oV jrct which the apostle
j"-- -j..,.... r. nuuio mvuuu
John sfa'.v in bis vision: a sea of glass ;
i like unto crystal." So massive is it, that,, j
-Uvhen it begins to stir, it tosses about great . H
ships like playthings, and sweeps citirs ;
and forests like snow-flakes to destruction
before it. And yet it is so mobile lb at- A
we have lived years in it j)efoYe ue lean
be persuadi'd it exists at all, and-the great
bulk of mankind never realize the truth
that they are bathed in an ocean of air.
Its weight is so enormous that iron shiv
ers before it like "lass, yet a soap ball
sails through it wfth impunity, and the
impunity.
tiniest insect waves it with its wings. It
ministers lavishly to all the' senses. We
touch it not, but it touches us; its warm
south wind brings back color to the pale
face of the invalid ; its cooKwest winds
refresh the fevered brow, and make tho
blood mantle in our cheek ; evetr its north
blasts brace into new vigor the hardened
children of our rugged clime. The eye
is indebted to it for all the magnificence
of sunrise, the brightness of mid-day, th
chastened radiance of the gleaming, and
he clouds that cradle "near the setting
sun- Cut for it the rainbow would want
ls triumphal arch, and the winds would
....
not sen(l their lleecy messengers on er
a mmm - .
rands round the heavens. The cold ether
would not shed its snow feathers' on the
earth, nor would drops of dew gather on
the flowers. The kindly rain would ner
ef fall hail, storm, nor fog diversify the
face of the sky. Our naked globe would
turn its tanned unshadowed iorehcad lo
the sun, and one dreary monotonous blaze
of light and heat dazzle and burn up ajl
things. Were there no atmosphere, the
evening sun would in a moment set, and
without warning, plunge the earth in
darkness. But the air keeps in her hand
asheaf of his rays, and lets them slip slow
ly through her fingers; so that the shad
ows of evening gather by degrees, and
the flowers have time to bow their heads,
and each creature space to find a place
of rest and nestle to repose. In the morn
ing the garish sun would, at one bound,
burst from the bosom of night and blaie
above the horizon ; but the air watches
for his coming, and smds at but one little
ray to announce his approach and theq
another, and byinnd-hy a handful, and so
gently draws aside the curtain of night,
and slowly lets the light fall on the face
of the sleeping earth, till her eye-lids
open, and, like man, she goirth forth again
to her labor until the evening.- Quarter
ly Review.
HOT SPRINGS OF ARKANSAS.
The Hot Springs of Arkansas are just
ly ranked among the wonders of creation.
They are worth n travel of many hundred
miles merely to look at. They are locat
ed in Hot Spring county, fifty miles west
of Little Rock, on a creek that empties
into the Washita River, six miles distant
in latitude 3l!- deg. The creek, which
rises in the mountains, some four miles
above, winds its way between two hills,
running north and south, with a valley
between, which is in some places fifty, and
in others a hundred yards wide. On thfr
side of one of the hills which is, very pre
cipitous, and rises to the height of four
hundred feet the springs break out, in.
ouuua i.-iuuu iium ukuh
creek to the" summit of the bill.
. , . -
various positions, from the margin of the
The number of springs is said to be
about seventy five or eighty, within a space
of five hundred yards ; but the number is
not uniform, as new springs break out and
old ones fill up. (Tbere are numerous
cold water springs within a few yards ojf
the hot ones, The heat of the water is.
sufficient to scald a hog, to boil eggs, or
wash clothes, without the aid pf fire.
The creek is so much heated by the
' springs that horses and cattle will not
drink of it a mile below. f "
i It is thought these springs are destined
to attract a great deal of attention for
their valuable healing properties, as well
1 as for their curiosity.: Accommodations
I for invalids are greatly improved within
j the present year. .
J In the same vicinity is the Magnetic
Cave, a large bed of magnetic rock, and
the Crystal Mountain, where beautiful
crystals, of various forms, arc found. In
several of the mountains are found tho
best quarries of whetstone in the United
J States.
The Turpentine 7Vcei. Ve ry much to
our regret, we hear lrom various qunrters
nf this section of the State, that tbn in-
sect xvhich was last year so destrcctive to
j lC Turpentine trees! has re commenced,-
) fs ravagrs on them. Its op rationi'.were; .
iusnended during the cold f winter, ami
hopes were entcrtain d that the severe
frosts would put an end to the wholr nox-
lous
s race, but these hopes have provid
' fut'il. it skeins, and Jin
xtt nsive ' ra
nch
1 of profitable labor vHl again iuil'tr: sc-
; vcrely Wilmington Ch,cnulc.
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