a,,Kiitin, pf r yrar.Twco Doijuxts payable in F j JS Bj1 palJ in dv"tf, Two dollars 5.1'li '1! , Je firsr:.nd 25 cts. iiiiiwQ'irni inseruw". Li .Kihr i Kan these rotes, i A liberal ueauc- DCi urkrt advertise bv the year. .hp l-Mitors must be post paid ilfl for rac .25 lion -1 trTtti MOR Tie 1K1 r fou U bun The Fur the Watchman.1 FACTS FROM DR. ii rwicnber of known Ian BACH MAN. guages in the m jL qq ; of thete 1024 are in America shed and renew j The tempera, n ail. All the . . J. J.BRUNER, ' ) - , Jm0---- y - 1 - ' fUTLEia. ; , ;- ' 55V '.' -I', I Gen I Harrtton. ( Editor 4 Proprietor.', D6 THIS, AHD LlBEKTTIS SAFE. GtiCl Harriton. have 42 leelh. Cat 30,1 men 32, which uniformly together wijth 209 bonea in aimuhject. uhole race of men it---- . . .tbrir up at a particular age. cJ!ifcei buoy- if the same mi? p , -ricebe he sa,ne Pe,io ' longevity. They 4r all chilly e i posed jo the tame diseases, fhe g; -itl?it naturalists in all ages hare re trdcd the whole race of man. las one species. ljCii pi lire the original cijeation of man, LniN; ditlVreiit races in diflTerenl parts of jjjj j ;; or if he (orthed di0erent races in ihf tlffr'1 places at the game time, then ifaried from those lawj of nature that liave I :''en ' found uniform in at) other cases. W'bife (there are many remains of inferior an. irtjtU ij, older rocks ol the globe, in no in ittnce hive hitman fnsiil bftln discovered in (lie oUi'f lurmations. Natuie.jas wfll as the Djble, it'lii -the truth. Jo race of wild, or of jonid5cijtril animals can be traced to a mix ture tflfso or inoie species. . Varieties ml a species become permanent, putt iriy rapidly, and run iito other varieties. SALISBURY, N. C., THURSDAY, AUGUST 15,1850. NEW SERIES. VOLUME VII NUMBER 14. I whil -Bull of but a ' Th ic( ra ji fou orld. clouded tUo ; same varieties, some The bbcif rat among us, is a native of Persia and hap wmed a great many h arr. vhite. itV Peafowl, and Guinea hen, are found colors, and often white. Nothing act of God can form a distinct qrMt; i I ive common wolf has the widest ffeouranh- ige of any of the inferior animals, and jn nearly or' quite Jill parts of the rhey .aTH white, blaci, red, (gray, and ihev dilTer in manv other ie?nects let they are admitted to belong lo the lacf : anu wny not me varieties or men which ar no greater. So the varieties of the Horce arf tully as numerous, but all belong lo ont ip citts. Now vast the dilflvrence between the " i iafsh tackles" of, Carolina, and the dray borse'nf, ifhiladrlphia, with ijegs 18' inches ifi circuoi 'erence, and hoofs too' big for a peck tub, orjih" English racer, or the Arabian horse. Yet all tlse . varieties of forirl, size, and color, belong! la one species, i So bl ;bur Domestic Cattle. Some have no bonis"; others anain in ! Abyssinia, and Western Louisiana have horrs as large as the tuukijif tiie Elephant. Some of the size of a doj, scin weighing 4000 pounds. Joiiile fiaye bumps on their shoulders ; some have long pendulous ears; some have long mabesl; they are of all colors. The size and shape Lt (he skull are various. Tbelie are some animals that when wild pro duce yiung only once a year, when domesticated product 2jor 3 times a year. mtfo breeds ol sheen have 2. some 4. and htrns. Some have a mass of fat weigh ori40 pounds in place of a tail There varieties ot the Canarv birdX (lowers are single. In the cultiva- sonte (i log 30 are All Dal co head! . ted orttja the piblil are converted into petals. All leri have the same n bones J all shed their teeth ibe saitiQ ttrticuJation of (he let) have the same number of teeth and erect in stature : head with the spi and hair on the smooth skin, Governor Briggs's Address to the jpounxj cil In pe Webster case, r - After the' committee on pardons reported to the, Council adversely to the application rpf Pro. fessor Webster for a pardon, and recommend ed Friday, the 30th of August, as the time for his execution, Got. Briggs read to the Council the following " ADDRESS: ' j . To the Honorable Council : f , The Council, having considered and acted on the ca9e ofjohn W. Webster, a convict, un def sentence of death, it becomes my duty, as the Chief Executive Magistrate of the Common wealth, to make a final decision on a question involving' the lile'bf the prisoner. I feel the weight ol its responsibility. But it is a re6pon sibiliiy found in the path of otlicial dutyi and I am not disposed to evade it, 4r to shrink from it. For eight months past this extraordinary ca,se lias created a deep and painful interest among the people of Massachusetts, and of the whole Union. Its history is as brief as it is teriible and instructive ; every new develop, ment in its progress has been more strange, and has increased that interest. On ihe 23d day of November, 1849, Dr. George Parkman, a we.ll known and highly re spectable citizen of Boston, left his house and family on business, as was usual for him, and never returned to them. Uis unexpected absence alarmed his family, and excited the at. tention of the people in and around Boston. In' the course of a day or two it wat understood that the prisoner had said that Dr. Parkman met him at his rooms in the Medical College, in the west part of-the city, not far from half past one o'clock oh the day of his disappear, anqjp, and that he then and there paid him a sum ol money, which he, Dr. Parkman, took into his hands and hastily rushed towards the outer door. ' Dr. Parkmam was also 9een by other persons about the same time of day within forty feet of the College, and walking quickly towards it. I hese, with other circumstances, directed the public mind towards the College buildings. The next Friday, one, week, after the disappear, ance of Dr. Parkman, the dismembered parts of a human body were found in different pla- i t'. t ' - ces in ana unaer ine rooms occupied ov ine . I is . ! prisoner, in inat College, some ot tnem in a furnace nearly destroyed by fire, some 6f them packed in a leachest, and other parts in the vault of a privy attached to his laboratory. Suspicions were strongly fixed on him, and he was arrested and committed to Levered street jail. A coroner's inquest was- called, and atier long examination into facts of the case, conducted in secret, the jury reported that the remains found were parts of the body of the late Dr. George Parkman, that he came to his death by violence in ihe Medical College in Boston, on. Friday, the 23d day of November, and that he was killed by John W. Webster. The evidence taken before the inquest was not given to the public. In January, 1850, the case was laid before the Grand Jury; for the county of Suffolk, and the investigation before that body resulted in finding an indictment a gainst the prisoner for the murder of Dr. Park man. He was arraigned on the indictment and plead, noi guiltv. Two of the most able and distinguished lawyers of the Commonwealth Council, by the Sheriff of the County of Suffolk, according; to the direction of the Statute. I On the 24th of April, the prisoner sent by the hand; of his friend to the Governor and Council, a petition for pardon under his own hand, on the ground of his entire innocence of (he crime of which he had been convicted, and for which he was under sentence of death. -All proceedings on this petition before the Ex ecutive were suspended, in consequence of havr ing received notice from the counsel of the pri. soner, that they were about to make applica. lion lo the Supreme Court for writ of error tp be issued in his case, on account of certain ali. leged irregularities, which had been discover ed in the course of the proceedings against himl The application was heard before the full Qourt and overruled. y In the opinion of ihe Court upon that applica. tion pronounced"by the Chief Justice, all the proceedings in the case are declared to be ending to established judicial forms and laws of the Commonwealth. On the- day of and before the ques tion on the writ of error had been settled by the Court, the Rev. Dr. Putnam, for the -prisoner, asked to be permitted to withdraw the pe- acs. the amii : kb same number add arrangement of the miiscjes in every part) of the body: the iamejorgfltns of speech and j power of singing. Ihe Mint mental faculties! and conscience cipabld uf living on all kinds of food, and in. habiting all climates: of slower erowth. and later In! arriving at puberty than any other ani- tnttl. jl he same period of gestation, produce were, upon his own selection, assigned to him the sitae .number ol young, and subject to same diitiases. the as counsel by the Supreme Court, and his trial before the full bench of that Court fixed on the lition which had been presented to -the Gover 4 . A? i nor and Council, for further consideration. r This request was complied wilhijy the Gover;. nor and Council, and the petition, in a day or two, was banded to Dr. Putnam. ? On the first day of July, Dr. Putnam placed in the hands of the Governor another petition;, signed by the prisoner, asking for a commuta tion of his sentence. On the second day of July, this petition was referred to the Committee on Pardons, and op the same day Dr. Putnam appeared before them and made a statement which he said was au thorized by the prisoner in which the prisoner admitted that he killed Parkman at the time and place charged against him, but denied that the act was premeditated. He narrated what the prisoner declared to be the matter of kill ing, and described minutely the mode and proj- cess in which the body ot JJr. rarkman was disposed of alter deaih. The prisoner alleges that the ' single mow with a stick of wood two leet long and two in ches thick " by which Dr. Parkman was killed, was given by him in a moment when " he was excited to the highest degree of passion," and, " while Dr. Parkman was speaking and gestic ulating in the most violent and menacing man ner, thrusting the letter and his fist in his face; that in his fury he seized whatever thing was handiest, and that was a stick of wood, and dealt to him an instantanious blow, with all the force that passion conld give, and (bat he did not know, nor think, nor care where he should hit him. nor how hard, nor what the eflect would be." j j Upon this statement, and upon the other fapts proved upon the trial. Dr. Putnam addressed ihe Committee at length, in an able and itn pressive argument, in favor of commuting the Sentence ot the Court. A petition! from the family of the prisoner was before th Cotnmjt. tee, and la large number of other; petitions, some for a full pardon, and others for a commu tation, wre in the hand of the Committee.- Most of these petitions, were from people, men and women, in other States, and; generally placed their petition lor a remissions mitiga lion of thesentence, on the grounds of the doubts of the prisoner's guilt. The Committee gave three hearings after the meeting at which Dr. Putnam addressed them, and listened , to those who desired to be heard in aid ol the pris cal College in Boston, did at mid day in his room, in that college, within a few feet of the place wheie he dally skoodj and delivered scien tific lectures to a large class of young men, with unlawful violence take the life of Dr. George Parkman, a respectable citizen of Bos ton, who had come to hat (room at the repeated requests of the said Webster ; and that after taking his life, he eviscerated and in a manner most shocking to humanity, mutilated the body of his victim, burning parts of it in a furnace, and depositing other parts of it in different pla. ces in the building, where they were found by persons who were seeking alter Dr. Parkman, and after killing him be robbed his lifeless creditor,. by taking tronhim two noes of hand signed byiiimselfi toJ which he had no right, and committed still another crime by making false marks upon those notes ; and that a jury, of his country, empannellcd according to law, under the direction of four of the five eminent Judges constituting th? Supreme Court of Mass achusetts, after a lonq, patient and impartial trial, and after hearing in his defence the argu ments of learned and eloquent counsel, upon their oaths found him guilty of murder. Upon that verdict, the Court pronounced the awful sentence of death. ! In such a case there should be obvious and conclusive reasons to authorize the pardoning, power to interpose and arrest the sword of Justice. I do not see these reasons. The combined circumstances of the case force me to the conclusion, ihat the safety ol the community, the inviolability of law, and the principle of impartial Justice demand exe cution of the Sentence. .; I hope it is not necessary for me to say that it would have given me unspeakable pleasure lo come to a diHerent result, and that I would do anything on earth in my power, short of vi- oiaung ouiy, 10 aueviai? me sunerings ot a crushed and broken-hearted family. j GEO. NBRIGGS. Councsl Chamber, 19th July, 1850 The report was accepted with only one vote in the negative Hdn. p. F. Copeland, Rox- bury. Nevertheless, to that ful, and because she also she has been faith has been, you again ad. among strangers, in'strangeTpUcc; almot art antiquarian, searching for the re I ids ol some former age.- A few more deaths of such men as Davis and Hays will take ihe last of the generation which knew New Yoik in its birth, and served as guardians of a thousand precious traditions, which are passing tway N. Or leans Picayune. 1 1 From the Aheville News. IT WILL BE SO! Col. Reid and the Eastern 1 Democrats are struggling hard to prevent the Western people from insisting for & change in the basis uf re. presentation, but we teH them that thVpeople of the West are, determined upon that change ii tcill be made it must come! The Wes. tern counties have been imposed upon Ion? .... l r i enough already, and nothing but a thorough .l .... i. .i-i i and radical reform of Ibe constitution in this particular will satisfy' the people. Eastern pol. in the acquisitions for which her best blood has i been freely spilled to hem her in, cribbed and confined to a circumscribed limit, while you range free and exulting from the Atlantic to the Pacific. To this insulting demand there should be but one response, and I trust the Convention about to assemble at Nashville, will unanimously counsel the South to make it a firm and uncompromising NO ! and meet the issue. Your obedient, T. Charleston, May 22, 1850. PASSING AWAY. The New York obituary record of Saturday week contains the names of two of the oldest and most widely known residents of that city. When in their prime the names and persons of Mathew L. Davis and Jacob Hays were famil iar to more people of all classes and ages than those of many more popular men. Mathew L. Davis was a very long time one of the most active and influential politicians of New York. He devoted his lime, his money and his leisure and at one time he was a man of large means and much leisure to the direc tion of party affairs. He had accordingly a much wider influence than his ostensible posi tion explained, and was consulted and courted by the ambitious men ol the city and State. He made thereby a universal acquaintance with j they w ill not indignantly spurn this thaJnteoi iticians and Editors may raise the cry of abo. 1 lition, or whatever else may best suit their taste ! and while we hurl back the epithet as false -and slanderous, we still claim a change still ' insist upon our rights. The western people are, not abolitionists those who would make ihe charge know better. In nearly all of the Southern States the basis of representation is white population. Are they all Free Soldiers ! I No, of a truth. Some of those who pretend to -j be most uneasy lest; a change of the basis j should squint at abolitionism, and thus gire aid i and comfort to our common enemy. Lad better ' look well to their own course on the sulycl of Southern rights, and see if they have not been J nearer committing treason against their own : section, thau the western people are when the insist upon a change in the basis. No it is all gammon nobody believes that a change of the basis would aflecl in any way the question of slavery. It is only a lame excuse for per petuating a gross wrong for continuing upon the western people ihe degrading manacles which now fetter them. We can tell Col. Reid one ibing that he is probably not aware ol the western people don't want they iron't hare Free Suffrage.tcithout EQUAL SUFFRAGE. Mark ihe words. When il is tested whether Yot the Watchman. LtijERTY Hill, N. C, July 27, 1850. Mr.liruncrSir : You will find inclosed a few lj ties of information that I wih, and I believe- the most of your subscribers would likfc to ei', published to the world, as lollows 19th day of March. Some time before the day oner s petition, and in support of Dr; Puttianj s nl Irial. ihe Attorney General furnisher! the views. i jj SECRET SOCIETIES. "ejbgi.n by making men Pharisees and end byir4u8fKMiiiig them into Sadusees. To suppose tuat Christ Jesus for the purpose of ; beuhtlnit or reforming men would have toined a society j ike- ihe Sous of Temperance or Odd Fellow pledged himself to keep its transac lions stcrpt from all ihe female and most of the male dftciples ; to receive and call ihe mem bers o silch Hociejies his brethren and pro nouncing a sort of blessing in ihe name of ihe Great ('atjiarch above ; to suppose that Christ would bafc devoted or advised his disciples to devote thtime and expense called for by such societies to such ends, lh.il he would have put on their fV'galia and walked thus in proces sions ; 'thai he. would have entered into their , piystrr'tesrjby the Outside and Inside Sentinels; 1 sat With closed doors and shutters i addressed Ibe presiding officer by the title of " Most IVortby Patriarch," whether the person hap pened tp be old or young, worthy or unworthy uch af title ; to suppose the blessed Jesus Would liave met in such a secret conclave to devise treasures and execute schemes of reform vhich are) kept secret from the persons to be reformed to suppose ihisis to betray our utter ijnoracaof Christ, his "character, doctrines and mission. Christ was opetv in all his pro ceedins ; theso societies are dark, he re. jected f pompous lilies- these societies confer : therrt. g He was a pattern of severe simplicity in PffrSon, and t)irh lTion ontninv uavili counsel of ihe prisoner, not only with a list of the names of the witnesses to be called against him, which is required to be done in all capi tal cases in this Commonwealth, but also with a copy of ihe testimony taken before ihe Coro nor's inquest, and which had been produced against him before the Grand Jury. The time appointed for the trial arrived, when four Judges of ihe Supreme Courl were present and sat during the trial. In pursuance of the provisions of law, sixty Jurors bud been drawn from the Jury box in the County of Suffolk. By law, the prisoner had a right peremptorily without giving any reason, to challenge twen ty Jurors, and for good reasons lo object to any others whose names might be called, j In em pannelling the Jury who tried him, the prison er exercised his peremptory right of challenge in only fourteen instances The trial was one of surpassing interest and solemnity, aod lasted eleven days. Oivhhe part of the prisoner, the case was argued with great nn l.rl,.. amJ lwl2... I. a. 4 I A t I . t- I lie si or ss, i:uiiuui, auu aounj, uj ine uuii. Pliny Merrick, his senoir counsel. Aher de nying that the evidence on the part of; the Go vernment was sufficient to prove that the pris oner killed Dr. Paikmati at all, the; counsel look the ground that if in any event! the jury should come! to the conclusion that he did kill him, then the circumstances of ihe case were such as to satisfy (hern that the killing could not have been premeditated, but was the result of an unexpected conflict between the parties, and of sudden passion. This position he endeavored to maintain by an ingenious! and powerful appeal 4othe jury. The case was closed on-the part of the Com monwealth by the Attorney General, by an ad dress of singular point and eflect. After the The Committee on Pardons, consisting of the Lieut. Governor and four Councillors, after a full, careful and patient hearing of all that could be offered by the friends of the prisoner, and by others who were pleased to. be heard in his behalf, came to the unanimous opinion that there were no sufficient reasons to jusiify them in recommending the interposition of ex ecutive clemency. j They recommended that the Governor be advised to have the sentence of the law, as as pronounced by the Court, carried into eflect on the 30th day j) August next. j 1 The Council, with but one exception, qon curred with the report of ihe Comimitlee and advised the Governor lo carry. out the sentence of the Court as recommended by thm. In carefully and anxiously examining and considering the case, I do not feel authorized by any considerations which have been presented to my miind, to set aside the deliberate verdict, of the jury, arrest the solemn decree of Iheslaw as pronounced by the highest judicial tribunal ot the Commonwealth, and disregard the opin ion and advice of the Council. If the circum stances of the killing. From the Charleston Courier. To the Editor of the Christian Enquirer, N. York. Reverend Sir African slavery has been a benefaction to the world and har forced it forward, in art and science, centuries, in the last fifty years. The steam engine and the power loom, and the rail road and the magnet ic telegraph those monuments of the crea tive genius and skill of man what called them into existence? They were not ihe result merely of the progressive spirit they were not produced by abstract impulses of the mind there was a deeper cause than that, some thing tangible, which itself created the spirit of invention. I will tell you what it was one of the pro. ducts of slave labor, Cotton! It kindled the Promethean fire in Whjitney and, through a long line, has been blazing brighter and bright, er, subduing earlh, aijr, waTer, and, at length, chaining the very lightning of heaven and ma. king it minister to man's necessities. Is not this so ? You may deny it ; you hate to con cede anything lo the culprit institution." But there stand the facts, and it is as easy to trace the eflect to the cause, as to refer the riven tree to the bolt from heaven. ! I will say nothing of the rice and sugar, and hemp and coffee, and the various other productions of slave labor, valuable as they are and ministering as they do to the wealth and comfort of the world. Throw them aside from the estimate, and I assert that the slave-raised cotton alone has exercised a greater and more salutary fnfluence on the world, than any oue or one dozen other causes you can name. It has revolutionized commerce and manu factures, created navies, built cities, and af fords daily sustenance to millions of the human family. The revenue of nations and the pit tance of the humble spinner, the price of stocks and the price of bread all measurably depend on cotton. Blot New England from existence, with the its hundred cities and thou sand factories, and how Jong would the world feel the loss. Ten years ? Twenty years ? Perhaps so. But stop the production of cotton and the whole world must stand still, and who can tell how long ! ! This is not hyperbole-! Submit it to the test of reason and it will be 'sustained by its most sober deductions. Don't tell me that the world would find a substitute for cotton. I know that. The world musl find a substitute or perish; but when would it find it. Has; not old England been growling for twenty years at her dependence ine leading men ot every part ot ine otate, es pecially of the old Republican party, with which he was associated until . 1824-5, when he at tached himself to the Administration of Mr. Adams, and continued ever afterwards, to fol low with unhesitating zeal the fortunes of Mr. Clay. Mr. Davis was, unless Mr. Sargent, the Oliver Old School " of the U. S. Gazette, of Philadelphia, disputes the priority with him, the original of the class of letter writers from Wash ing which is now so numerous. He wrote for the Nej'w York Courier and Enquirer, under the title of "Spy in Washington," and as he had a remarkably clear and vivacious style, was care ful in the quality of his facts, and was evidently in the confidence of a powerful interest at Wash ington, his letters were read with eagerness, and treated with a consideration which does not belong to Washington correspondents in these days of profuse .and heedless writing. In bis later days he became poor, and depended up on his personal labor' by his pen for his suppoit. a right this tinkling brass, unless they get along with that which is worth something that which has some substance connected uilh it a change of thdasi. The day is coming when this right will be granted such rank injustice stinks in the nos trils of all good men, and is offensive to Heav. en. Time will effect this change it must do it in the very nature of things. Nothing short ol this will satisfy the people. Their will is! omnipotent and must prevail. 1 He lost his importance gradually, and tell out of the public view. He was a long time ihe American correspondent of the London Times, under the title of 44 The Genevese Traveller." Of late years he has been in extremely feeble health, and finally died from natural decay, at about 84 years of age. In his maturity he was a man of remarkable activity, both of mind and body; of great powers of conversation, abound ing in anecdotes of public men and public af fairs, and telling them with point and animation. In face he had some resemblance to the prints of the French orator, M. Thiers; and the ra. pidity of bis utterance, and his habit of shifting his glasses, when excited, gave him the nick name by which he was known in party circles, as 44 the old boy in specs." The other octogenarion, who died on the same day, was Jacob Hays "Old Hays " who was .ii I .ii . ir i , . me neaa constable ot iew ioik wnen it was little more than a village, and has held the post for half a century. Once his name was a by. word everywhere, with which to throw terror into rogues, or to express sleepless vigilance iu hunting out roguer). To set 44 Old Hays" af ter an offender was equivalent to cornering him at once ; to threaten to send for 44 Old Hays " was a sure way of frightening young sinners, or to still noisy children. His stern face, swarthy complexion, deep black eyes, and stur dy, compact frame, were known to every man, woman and child in New York, as New York was a few years. Age grew upon him, as ihe city expanded around him, and finally he sank THE FOLLY OF PRIDE. The very witty and sarcastic Rev. Sidney 1 C . L f . r.i ' - 1 omiui, lor many years one oi tne contributors to the great English reviews, thus discoursetli on the lolly of pride in such a creature as man : 44 After all, take some quiet sober moment of; life, and add together the two ideas of pride and: of man ; behold him, creature of a span highj stalking through infinite space in all the gran-' deur of littleness. Pearched on a speck of the! universe, every wind of heaven strikes into his blood the coldness of death ; his soul floats from his body like melody from the string ; day! and night, as dust on the wheel, he is rolled mJ long the heavens through a labyrinth of worlds! and all beneath the creation of God are Aiming! above and beneath. Is this a creature to make, hirnsell a crown of glory ; to deny his own' flesh, to mock at his fellow, sprung from that! dust to which both will soon return 1 Does he not sutler ? Does be not die ? When he reasons is he never stopped by difficulties? When he arts is he free (torn pain ? When! he dies can he escape the common grave ? I Pride is not the heritage of man; humility, should dwell with frailty, and atone for ignor ance, error, and imperfection. j uestructwc and.Jatut Accident on the j Erie Railroad. A most frightful accident occurred on . the New York and Erie Railroad, about i one o'clock yesterday, which resulted in a great destruction of property, and loss life. The freight train from Oswego, for; ; Pierriepoint, was precipitated in the Deli , aware river, in consequence of the falling of the iron bridge, about three miles front Lackawaxen. There were seventeen , cars, containing 130 beef cattle, 500 sheejl and 200 hogs, all intended for the market admitted intelligence, industry, skill and wealth of its people, with its hundred cities and of this city. The locomotive passed safet into obscurity, younger men and newer systems i iv over the bridge, but the immense weight displacing the old man, yet noi having altoge. Gf lue train cars was more than the) as stated by the prisoner i on foreigners for that which is vital to her ex- are taken to be true, It may well be questioned istence ! Has she not exerted her wealth and whether the Executive Council could interfere j power and skill lo emancipate herself by find, with the sentence without violating the settled j ing. a substitute or growing her own cotton? law of the land. In his charge to the Jufy in ; But she has failed in all her efforts, and is now this case, the Chief Justice says : 44 it is a set- i more securely harnessed than ever. tied rulc that no provocation with words only j Has not New England been preaching for will justify a mortal blow. Ihen, if uponipro- a like period about the; sin of the " culprit in T I t 'j. - j j." 177.. ' 1 . , t . '.II I ! I r.fgaliaaud cabalistic iariron. Christ exnlicitlv i Attorney General hadfinished his argument declares that he rpnril in no sfrrtt mihrwl : the Court informed the nrisoner that he had the right, which he might, exercise or not, as he pleased, to make such remarks to the jury as In to no secret methods secret have I said nothing; secret meetings or societies s "disciples : cables and con. in their days ; Venus had of rfform.' here Were no arndog1! Chrial davei Uiere were ner mysteries and Bacchus hir orgies, and Ju- r- uis games, anu mese all had Iheir pro- i k - iheir lodge cstiorj; iheir igns of initiation ana qegrees. But these were not of Christ nor To Christ. Theliupretended foundation w philosophy, and their professedend hap pmess 'and j light ; bul their practical working wis fr4ud and imposition, superstition and lust, ho apiuicd the people by shows and proces ions, hey attracted the superstitious by their royntcj riles, gained money from all classes, nd infthA -name of one God 6r another, grati. fied tha appetites and amibilion of cunning and corrupt leaders white time bore them off. I An Abstract from the Princeton Review. he saw fit. iThe prisoner rose and .for some time addressed the jury in bis own behalf. An elaborate, clear, and comprehensive charge was given by the Chief Justice, after conversa tion with the other members of the Court who sat with hnn at the trial. f The jury retiied to-their room, and after an absence of three hours, late on Saturday even, ing returned; into Court with a verdict of guilty. The next Monday morning the prisoner was again brought into Court, and received from the Chief Justice the sentence of the law, which doomed him to suffer death by hangingr at such time as the Executive of the Commonwealth should appoint. ' M In a few days a copy of the record of his conviction was transmitted to the Covoroor and voking language, the party intentionally revenge himself with a mortal, blow, it is unquestionably murder." The only new fact brought lo light as tn the killing, depends upon the word of I he prispner. It will hardly be pretended by any pne thai the declaration of a person under sentence of death should be permitted to outweigh the doings of the Courl and Jury, and rescue him frorh the consequences which are to follow iheir proceed ings. Il is candidly stated- by Dr. Putnam, in his able argument, and by several of the peti tions presented in favor of commutation, re ceived since his confession, that, standing as stitution, (but still using toe products and growing rich on them.J and, if you could have the swamps and thickets, found a substitute, would you not have sunk ; streets extend for miles, c ther superceded him. He retained to the last the titulary appointment of high constable, of which the duties were merely nominal, open. ! ing the common council and marching in pro cession with his staff of office. 3Ve saw him a year or two since, walking feebly along, sup ported on either side by his family, and yet ! there was a fire in his eye and a quick pene- i ' (ration in his glance which reminded us of the i time when the sight of him at a distance would scatter a mob, and clear the streets of all who could not give a good account ol themselves. The veteran must have often paused to ponder, amidst the half million of people of New York, ; to few of whom be was now an object of cuii- ' osity, upon the changes that have grown up since his single staff kept the whole city in or der, and he could walk the streets, seperating out with bis eye every stranger from among the citizens, and marking down the suspicious for further scrutiny. The very place on which he died, though now far below the centre of population of the city, was even in his maturer years, the boy's play ground, out of town ; and he had doubtless hunted out fugitive rascals in wheie now broad covered with rows of i- engtneef saw the , strength of the bridge could bear, and the whole was thrown into the river below a distance of 70 feet killing nearly al the stock, and five men who were on the) I , : . I. ' urns, ucsiucs an luuaiy liijuiin iiiu v;uu ductor and brakemaii. The ; and fireman, as soon as they , bridge giving way, jumped from the loco motive, which was stopped,, in consc quence of the water tank becoming de tached, and one of the steam pipes brealc- ing. The conductor and breakman wer brought to Porte Jervis last night, where ' they remain in a very critical conditiod. The whole damage, including the destruc tion of the bridge, is estimated al 8200, 000. j iV. Herald, t he doesrthe word of the prisoner is entitjed lo . promptly, firmly, and unitedly, and she may n r mrf it If ihe circumstances disclosed on the trial are relied on to support his statement, ihe reply is, thai those circumstances were urged in his fa. vor before the Jury, and they hav decided a. gainst him. The facts of this appalling case are before the world ; tbey will hereafter fill one of the gloomiest pages in this record of crime amongst civilized men. j It is undisputed, that on the 23d day of No vember, 1849, John White Webster, 4 Pro fessor in Havard University, and in the (Medi. heavy buildings, and thronged with a. dense and accumulating population. Such veterans as Davis and Hays are of the few remaining links that connect ihe New York of this day with the New York of the past, as it was in the recollection of most of those who left it young, are only roused to a perception of the reality of its vast expansion and the insensible lapse of iheir own years by an occasional event which wakens up the me. mory. The young men have become old and changed; the old men die off one by one, yet stay the torrent that threatens to overwhelm hardly noticed in the throng which has crowd the South and her institution in perdition. The world, then, is indebted lo African slavery, and, like a senseless ingrate, now seeks to destroy its benefactor. It may sue. ceed, but if it does, it will inflict the most de plorable self-punishmenti I have but a few more remarks lo make, and they shall be on the duty the South owes to herself in the present emergency. I shall be brief, for it does not admit of much argument, the day tor that has past : the South must act Acciilent on the Hudson River Railroad. While about midway between Fishkill and Cold Spring, the train of Wednesday night ran over a man named Dennis Cr$ gan, one of the bands employed on section No. 41. as a flag man. As soon as the accident was known, the train put baclf. When the man was found, he was. still alive, but past all assistance. The cow catcher bad struck him on the lower paft of the right leg, and on the chin, nearly severing the leg. and mangling bis face and chin in a frightful manner, lie die4 i in a few minutes after. Ar. l'. Herald. the land. The South has been faithful to the Constitu tion, and has never sought to evade any obli gation imposed by it. Under it, as adopted by our forefathers, she wWld have been content to live. But that hasjriot been permitted ; and, under the aggressive attacks of the North, and by their votes she submitted to a curtailment of her constitutional rights in the 44 Missouri Compromise." It was a fatal mistake I for when did concession ever stop aggressiom ? ed in to usurp iheir places ; the old places are no longer recognizable ; even the natural land marks which to have a perpetuity like ihe rock ribbed hills have been displaced; and within a space of time, not longer than ibat between boyhood and middle aged in a lifetime, all things that were appear to be obliterated or made new. They are not what they were ; and the sojourner in other places, who goes back to recall the scenes and the men ul a quarter of a century only ago, finds himself SUPERIOR COURTS. j The Judges of the Suoerior Courts will ride the ensuing Fall circuits, lowing order, viz : in the fol' 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 0. 7. Edenton, Newbern, Raleigh, Hillsborough, Wilmington, Salisbury. Morganton, Judge C-ilJwell. Ellis. -Bniley. Manly. Buttle. Settle. Dick. lie that ful La krre with liua :f wi bare no riralfc f- ;. ' if '- i