c w
pnm tc Politics, Urms, grirnltarf, ntrrnal ormrnts (Tommrrrf, tljf rb anH grunrrsrffltraHtii, on t!)f gaila (Orrtf.
VOL: MEW: SERIES.
SALISBURY, N. ,C.t, MAY J7J855V
NUMBER LI;
J. J. BHIICM, KdlMr rrPrirur.
J. r. NKLI Jr iHtouai KaiMr.
aKBaaaMBaaaaaMaMMBaBaaHBwaawwwmaaaaaawwmwaa ' "'"'I1 become mi in pioililuc.il In each succeed-
SKETCHES OF rtlE EAltLY UISTOKV OF j JtTT "'"
CAJdl-OltXIA. In this eipeditioii wa made ibe first pructi-
Frow th expedition of C.brilto, more than cal effort lo influence and subdue the Indian
thirty year elapsed without an energetic effort j tribe, by rcligioii. n.fln, in . -. Associated with
lo colonise California, though the eye. and , Hondo m this enterprise, wa a German priest,
thought of the avaricioua Sianiard. were con-. I named Kului, who bail rimgued a prtf-urlilp
ataally directed lo lint, as the, long-sought El ! in an m.lilulioii of hi native .-oiiuiry to engag
Dorado of the Wcatera world. It b nut itrangv j an attempt to Christianize llie American Iii
tbrt ooa wboae oul thirst for wealth and dee ' di.nv Having made his ' way , ruz Spain, to
vminion, a did1 of Cortex, and whoa vision wa j Mexico, h obtained Hriiiifi.,ii to connect him
daiiled with the brilliance of national plunder i If itb (lie new California evdition.
by Um incrudibl store of gold found with the
Artec chief uf M mica, should cherish an intense
to know what newly discovered coun
try rtallf was but all bis ewergie and skiH
vera required, Ui conlrvl the restive j.iriu bou.
biro,
la liOO Don Sabasliaii Viacayno u placed eij--.liti.jii, hoping to obtain aid, in toiiie f"rtn,
IB eummand of aa epeditiOr StUj out fr.n ifi'ini llit Iji,i rhrie-ul, tn enn!4e biin k reme
Acapulco. lie landed at Kaiita Cruz, witb llie ' the e.vutiun ol In- benetolent ,l,-ii.
purpose of Making' pernianelit aellletnei.L j AJ the ('otirtmietit bad j rinally failid in
Thia place had been belore, several tiiue, tii- ""' fri..u atuiiij.ta Ui rinaneiillj tile
tad by the (triueraeieditioni, and wa ite. m CuMorniH, tli. v couilu.J -J lli. eiitern im
cd the UHjat tvoraUe point (or ealablidniig a praitieable, but oH red tiie tjoiermiieiit nanc
eoloay ; but he waa no di)uartenud by the Ut tion ami a kIij.uUl. J amount of money l.. tl
ile and lorbidding a-i ui the country, that af- 1 society ot J, ult on e..iil in. n tin ) .li. ul.l u.
lor eruutag aoaae 0w tliiln further north, aud c-"l Ui -n..(j. nth w-tinii; the tountry. 1 bu,
toute of bu luea having L--.ii IJUJ l.v lie In- ' Jrojilion mm aiept.j l. il,, J.-muN, niaii.ly
diaoa, be rvtaroed to Metiio. lu the vear Wl tbroub the eiitbu-iaigii of I .iih.-r Kuhu and hi
Viacavno, idi-f lli ivittiMiiigr Of atmw -of tbv.xuliJe!ii-e in Uie mm U a acbetuv iu abn.li
vieeray of Mexico, waa induced Uainake anoth 1 a the jMoiie.r.
eefJurt toeolo.i'U,C-l.lorni. ,M,..iJ.Joif Ur r '""I"'-1'"- t'H.'-li
.... , , , , f.irtna eoloiitzatioii. on i- i..,rt 4 the SiiiIi
thiacnuw heenlered thejiavs. ik.w kno.n - autlit,... ami ,gnn,iiu,,' by the J.uu.. f..r
Kaa Iejju, MmiUrer and San Kru. im harWa. aiaaii.UhiiitMit .,t ilie .,m.- ,,l.j.-,-t. protewdlv
but gaui'-d lilth-d kntw4r-l)(e of tbe interior. " -hiuiu infl.i. m e-, i.jh n- ., n, era and in
HkoiIi (hi a at lie tirat eritrau:e iA a Sj.an I'-l1". t. a more uavr. .in.j . ii.u. jf eitnt-
i . I.: , ,i it j it . 'n the eailv bl-lory of 'alif.Ma.
ttu ellvLtion to tbe oow far liiauol and U-auti- .. , , 1 , , . , .,
; . io the J.-.U.I waa del.-- a. 4 full 'Ui.r to
ful -iky f W -rarH:.--o,il wa. not Uie h.-t (, JJMir. ..f theire. i -..lithe, mVl
time iu atiTa had been ploaed tJ a foreign pr..-r, llie Sj ani-h .,eii,Ui. m r.-vunj
keel. In 38 Sir Kralicia I Tale oitpred ihw ri rebla WihevonU v . a ftanub fLrriiorv.
taty, remained sevetal avwiks and luo-le .ora
tions of the interior to some et. nt. ' II iun.' uo
knohJB"l of the prior ui'o"-l u( the eo.i-1.
by the S.ii,J liaik fonng! xmx..oii of the
country Sut the lj,'lih cruyn, will gave it the
name of - New Albion."
Viscayno return.-"! from thu last cruise, baa
ing wvomplisbed littfe; but, by bis rrp, on
firm in ihemmdaof all intereai the rohva ti.au
that Die country tn Urnii to present in'
inducement Ui coloinxatioti for agrkulturnl pur
paaHW. And still, und.r all tln-se diiuiagi
ments, t Vrte( and hi. ... iate myIh lo have
steadily rhrmli.-d life U-le-f thai t'alifornia pj
wwa;d illlin-nst' stor.s of wealth, in 'tn ..aj-.
and that il was to become Iphir of tin- W. .1. in
ContiwnL
How so firm a ronvieti..n of the h,... n ai. l
' ethatrstleM wealth of t'ahrorma should hav. la--
tened If on the lllilld" of th. e a.lleliturer..
caaonly be cvntecture.1. llie In.lian tnias, tar
zTa&iifiuty
'.lai.nua tat lua.iira n.k.l ..ua.u..l h.illiiltir Ik.
... , , , , . , .
. , , , . , . . , - . - - result ot a natural anxiety ui.n the i-art of the
af wealth hoar la-mg deTrlope.! and melding '
, . - . , , . Anseriean ta-.ti.leio pr.-s-rve lli-ir Saxon 1 rut-
ucn iiiranlic Minuene in the iv.riiiiiefi i.1 w.rld. - ' ' . '
, . ... ilniil civilization. I lie in-..!.. Iia.l tound many
It I conteiidi.l bv manv I. aliforma adirtitur-- , , , , , , , , ,
, , , of heir la litnal leader, to U' Ul-and curruiil,
era of the present dav that the AzUcs of . Mexico ,, , , , ,r, , , , , , ,
and had revolted. I In v had l. n lajuglil ami
originally inh.Uu. I t. alifiirnia. 1 hi. (.pinion i.
, , , , , , si'l bv the two ret l artim ol llie eountry. and
forUDed oy the tact Uiat tihuiued vessels uf clay. . "
,, ... ., , . ." had witwwj tbe " tlnw.Tniii( of the l'"I'I.-ii
CouklUg utensils, c, a well as those fuund by. i
. , , , ,''.,' arra. ut tin-I iimn bv lb. lr uilrii'iie their lr. ali-
tbe above eiplorvr,corre.iHjnd precisely with that ...... ......
",. . . . ".i ,erv, and ll-ir strife ; and had suit themselves
usedbvtbe AxUwwiu Mexico in the sixteenth ecu-, .
". , . . , , , . i totri'ther to preserve lhat L nioii. and llieir i ro-
turr. Admitting this theon io be cornvl (and it " '. . . ., , ,
, "... . , , r i t.-slanl rei.u'.licau lli-lililtli.li.. 1 he -ople were
puuieases plausibility) the f:t of Uk- existence of , , , .
. . . not parlii-urarv at;oiii7id al.Mit r.-hinoii, but
mineral wealth in I aliforma may have been '. . ',,, ,
. , " . . , . th. ir iii.liu. l. told Ui. in that riotestiiutisin was
known to and entorted from Um Aitec chicls bv . ,.,,. . , ,
' the fin nd of American iii.tiluii..!,-; and that the
ineir .".panLli coniuerur.
The first practical demonstration of the ex
btence of the long Miected wealth of California
was in) 11 5. In that year Juan Iterbi, from
hi. own private means, filled nut an e-diti..n
and uicceedcd in making collection of valua-:
bio pearl, on the California coat, a simple one of
which was valued at over .VMlO. llie result 1
"" tl this' coiii rav riew -riHrtililtWfiw.O
dbtorerirw, and several eedilha wM. titled
out bjf private parties, amuiiit wbi.h were three the American party; and thai the inevitable
-OHisgtVlloM''of "birb-niet wilb.nuasr:f-!?-J. ".'Ic-d by any other a.wer in the
bl .iircc.., as like many California adventurers country. Tbe new party winieT.nbvert the paw
of the prcwent time, they nlicipHl.-d the realiza- ' " b.lngog..e and annihilate Uh-.- w ho
linn of wealth, whithout the investment of pa allowed ih.-iiiaejv" calculate the value of the
lienl effort, and persevering physical and in. n- fi"n. He- staled lhat those, who m.il the
(al labor. ' m-w parly the off-piiug of Hidden excit. ni. lit
nt!iey.-ar 184H.'a new and more exien.ive " niMakcii; that it bad -rn f-rcecti for
luovemcnt was mad- by government to ttle ?. 1,1 '"-' ""l""' "f il "'u-t "
lha country, but the result waa even more .lis tably have laviirred.
ouravinir than former exnedilioiis. Wflh an' The Koman Catholic . I.ni. nt in our civ iliza-
OJjile force and alj the mean, and appliance
for Uim 4jJ.rulime,t of ajairmaiient colony, the !
fleet reached aafely it. dcsliuatiuli, but un-
promising appeared the proccl, frcm llie bar
renness and apparent uiiprmlilctiv. -ness of llie
soil, that the officers in command sin deter,
mined lo abaudon the entcrpraw and return Ui
Mexico.
From thi. lima fur thirty five years no fur-.
m ther effort was maile by govenimeiit at eolo.ii- j
talion. I'rivatoetjK'ditiona Ui tbe coast were
not unfroiuent, but uuiformly. rculk-d in no
greater lurccca. than exploration of some new 1
point of the ast, or obtaining a few pearls.
But as'oflicvrs of ihe g.ivcrnm.ent h'tirod or were
diilaJ. new Snaiiiih advenlun rs sucv.sl.Hl1
tbem, and iiH'lu d by the sneers of their pr.-d-
eeuor in' rapidly acoiiiring great w.allb, tl y '
. aought some Uew rucal'lo rich.-, and aggrandize-
naiit ;
Thus llie intcryat of (idveriiincnt was again
jmhsbs in 1(183, tntl a new eirMnlition was ht-1
fed wiL under In oipW.
I Spain, for purxjs.s Kiniilar U. the last, and plac
ed under rumniaiid of Aiiniii.il OtutiJo. Thi
! movement him signals, .1 ,y a -flew feature.
Though Admiral Otoiido r, maiii.d longer in
the cuunlry than any one pr. ceding J.iin, yd he
too became dioiiriig.-d and returned to Mexico
with hi entire command.
Father Kiilin, without J- airing of the final
nujccta of his plana, returned to JJ. vko with llie
W.
unii;KK n. J i i;i.rKKM;ilK(K
1 l.ii iliMiiini-li'i f'nll man, at thv r'U'-fl,
of a nutitU r of our iixmt int!u.-i,.) uliz. ha. .-
ln-r J a lii turt uii rr.. ui tlx OliriMiaii
( hurvli, uu W cJiK-!iiw lL lln- IhU 'puta
liwu of thf ji ak.r, tin- mt.:rft of liiMub
jiit, mid llii t-st'iti'iii nt ut' tin- public iniit.J up
on tli! Ariu-rtcan iju-tiin, ln-lj !iA-tAiril in
tliHt f( lV'ji rv. lr-w t i t h r win- of tin
Ur-t mi-iw ii tli;il i -r j mt.i. j hi tin- i it .
iLi h i'J'.jwf wlii ii rh- t. . nn. : w.t-. -imj-II.-, 1
to tt.vj., HI ll'ti r U- t.'Ui h ,i, ui III." ruikflt
p .h!h .,i la mi; j tU.t- i ...i j i Ii. iiiv-, anil
-it (.i.ui- If i"ii ! !"' . ul tin
mIkI tlt-l ilk: ia-lilUi J UA til l. 4 Ll 'Jf '1- ItUl
lt' IIH-t II tl' CtlKliS .XlllMollH llTi J H -
l Illicit
I golllg. i
TT T V ." -;"''. 1 .1 T
II.
I--iiVuiiRtriili I tin- r t tliai
the ell.tiliif ex. Helm-lit in the i
m rt try wiu tlie
ICoin.ii Catholic I'hur. h was vet llie aneiny of
fre.-do'nT,"a. ft bad lavirin past ai;.-s. Tbe poli
tician, of the country were warned not to stand
up in opHilioii to this voluiitai) uprising of
llie native 1'roic.taiit American people, for lhat
the axeof the i xecntinmr certainlv awaits them.
The le.-luri r slali .1 that he la hev.d that our
'",0 '' "r
already.. but for the opportune .prinlring ufioT
li.m was at war with tbe Protestant el. in.-lil,
and ihough there might la- peace so loiig a. the
Catholic el. merit was insignificant, yet -that there
would la- strife when it grew strong enough to
llireateii (he otlu r. The lecturer proved that
ihi. was the case at prc-nt, and that the slrug- i
gle nw going on in this country is merely the
re litioti of llie struggles of the Catholic churcb ,
with the I'mbilant or Schi-matic branch, and t
that the Only difference- is ill the name nndi-rj
which the adversaries fight. Albigcnacsjbiiglit j
th" ''"' the American is'ople contended a-
gains! the. 1'rie.ls ; bilttbe conflict is the wmie,
the issue is the samf,' ami tlie partie. are the
snttic.
Tlio.lbinii.il Church has d.tlared the I'roles-
taut, of the earth lo laiVfjlje aiiUfter .larting
wrong, eo'iild not crrect lief error. rVc..ue A
" infalliblt. nnd therefore the conflict would
la-eternal. ni.tT .i aiiy coilnlry where thes.' ail-
tagniiisma clashed, that one or the other wouUl
1 compellcl lo succumb. The historic review
nd it conflict,
diapiaVed the mmt profound research and in-
tense study, and we hie that we will again
hae the (il. a-ure oT hearing Ir. B. Uou tbe
same aitbjei:!. " It is one that cannot be di-poscd
of ina single lecture, and the only complaint
J Uiat e have yet heard against the Doctor's eC-
fort on W-dueMlay night was, that he stopped
sa-klng m u-:li too soon.
Among the distinguished persons who called !
to pay their rea-cla to Mayor Wood, on Satur-
day the 21st instant, was ex -I'resideiit Fillmore,
i who was reeeived ia a most cordial manner.
i The ex-I'rcsidcnt, on his part, spoke of Mayor
Wood in terms of the hiifheKl resuect. He told
bin. thai hi. administration of public affair, in
the city of New York had crcat.-d universal ad-!
..,irlio,dtlinl,i,tra,elof late in
Wu-rn Sute be found bin. to be the most
H,pttt,r man, and his name upon the tongue
everrlaidv. coin.Ul with ei,r.-u.i,n,. nt lvo n.l
" 1
rsteriii.- In this interview were brought loireth-
er one wtio Had Oein a uiodu l i.id.nt and one - i
who is a model Major. I
t '
tit Mayor kI. in accordance ,Uu his
, T , Z 7 "
a I'l.rul lis.jlira'v t-i I a.triij-L tn t-h I - lb I. b wa -
several ba.lgea to be struck off, to Ik; bestowed
i.ii.i.rurioii-i-,licemeu. The badsre coll-1
si... r ,..e ,.f ...u.. U .....
I-1..I. .1 a si-roll U,.r,g the motto; Fmt Ju.ti-
., raal co Um." surmounting an eutcueou,
bai mg on it the in-cription, - J'artum nt men-
I;." " It i, obuined bv iin-nt ;" and on the re-
ktw nJi", I'ri'wiiUfJ to rbv F. Wood, Ej- :
j I
U- i .
asbWjrton corre. noiident of the
riirl.Klj.H .4tl,,lairi. isuvis ,.( it... m..re fin tl... '
- It iro,-. biSv'elv ui. The witur to '
the C.,.ilol are in progress and will be ready I ,re BM. r u, vi,Jej n ,ud ,acrifi.ed forthe I "" "" differW,t ktate f Pr MM " B-t0 AiJ" tllr"u' U'e 8trwU' ' ' Work .hat ,Ua-T nWer BO"UdoM
for the two Huum-s of Lom-ress at the teu ses-! . ' -', .- things. lUlieve the great planting interest of tumbled it iuto thc Missouri river. .Says the in- As there is now uo prospect of a peace, new
1 latter security ol suell right and interests as, - , . .rai.s miist b ineiimwl tn mirrv nnawswass.
siou,ti,.,Ua;b they .ill not be completed for a , ' , ,, . . Georgia of the oppressive tax of fencing cro, tclligencer : , esK.i, must be incurred to carry on war uc-
.. , are retained and eiiinyed bv each member of the , , , , . r , .... , , , cessfullv Jjailu Suuth Carolinian
long lime after. IVy ure built of marble, and ; and the latter will soon be doubled in value, for j " 1 hey had determined not only to wreak j ctS5,u"J - "y.sowi ,uroiiian.
; ujwi lire admirable Mie, f Uie slructafe will pre- j ' , - ; the almokt eijUal bem-lit of tbe whole population their veugeauce on tbe mute w heels and levers
'seiii. tine aj arancc. It will want height, I fear, -N'ut to corisuiue time on what will appear to , K,aU, Xne varied fruits of tillage feei !f ll'e printing press, but to 'give theowners j ?"Many riisy recotleCt, sayThe Jtortb ; Ala -Lr
Ui. .lnneiHioii. of the building, and ibrough """t r,1,tl,'rs ""'" trui-ms c rworved at ncr M . unjtt, t(,U)i,.t i ther. of a taste of their "rath, also. Tliey drag-bauiian, the lime, twelve or fifteen yeara! ainesy.-
will sugge.t' the bu-! that it is the die-,
i- . . . '
tale of exi-dieiiU rath, r than a disUuU and
. 1
origiyuj run. ephou.
Cltiwuc evnitijjtrt. It ii R-rbai unknown '
u, most of our readers that lit, re is a newspaper i
m the . li.ne- languac, publi.h.J in any om- j
of the Maiei". the t'HHi. We iudersUu.I.t
h.,,i.r tint a inurnai ..f i In, .!.- ii.i i..n i.i
' -
....ii. l.. .t li. I..-. : .... i - .t.-:...
I'uuii-ueu . . ... vaoio.iiia, wiiuer llie Hue
' ..
ol lung . gal an Luk, edited by Lee Kau.
II
.e .n. -) ul.j.-d is lo vindicate the Chinese
j-opuLiWon, in California: from the
aM.r.,o.i. ca-t us,i. them by llie Governor of
I al,f,n,a. ,N,.l being po.s.,,ed of the advaii-
t.Ve .,( ,, , .change with that .urn.l. we can-
lint .k of its contents frvm Iirrsouid know 1 -
1 ' --
e.lg. ,and we avail ourv-lvm, for the information
(.,,. ,..,,,, ii ...,,;--. ,.r:, t,
"X 9
a Int.- London paper :
- -
Aeeor,!i.,L' to the run.y-.Vvmi there are five!
C'liiiiiM.. elula
The..- eluVw
.
tlirillsll l.-d.. fUel lilld Water to till-
, , . , I
lies.- guests who remain for a short tune; also j
.slgmg place, and m.-dicin.. for the aged and
su k. l b.-. Americans sav that llie members of
IIhw clubs are slaves, but this is denied.. Ac
cording to Ixe Kau's journal, the Chinese in
California do not number more than 40,OflO ;
the governor has slau-d that the number is much
greater. The Chinese are charged with not
bringing their wive with them. Tbey act now I
edge that there arc only 2000 Chinese women
iu California, but they say their wives have com
pressed feet and are unfit to encounter the winds
and waves during an ocean voyage. Tbey com
plain of tbe violence and extortion to which ihey
are subjected iu California. The Americans
have at length decided lhat the Chin.-se shall
la treated like Indians mid negriH.-s, and not al
lowed to give evidence in a court of justice. At
this b e Kau is indignant, and remarks in an
edili'iiat, ' when we r. fl.-ct U.n the liouoraMc
iwtiwiiiil;ltivva4iaa) m.iuUina!sL.tut.,?a.ny
thousand years, Umn the wisdom transmitted
bv her idiiisphen. iikui lu r array of civil and
military powers, Ukjii the fame of her civ iliza
lion, upon the wealth and populousncss of her
kvm-.ii.ii, and then la-hold the -oj'le of wili
er initlotis heap ridicule iihhi us as if we were
the same a. Indians, who wear neither clothes
linr sho.-s, mid, who live in wild places and iu
cavea, we a.k is il possible lhat this call lie in
according with the will of Heaven !
THK V1KXXA CONKKUENC E.
Since tlie breaking up of the Vienna Coiifer-
1 I...... 1....... ........I ........
. , , ... . . ' , wilbou a shepherd or herdsman, to bring the an-
meeliiig ol the fotir parties without any detnnte'l
, .r, , . , "1 .1 imals home to be var.led or folded, and tliereby
result. Tlie pensteiiliaries as-mbleil on llie 1 - J
9,1, and signed Ihe proloccl of llie last confer- ''"ric1' the home (arm or plantation by their ma-
erice. siulwsjnenlly auolhcr meeting of the four ,'' l'udt'r tl;,,l.v ' rK of keeper, stock
i.rs was held at llie re.pi.-st of frince lirts- j'may range for Hrilcs-willnmt depredating on any
cliukoll, w lu ll further inadmissible proHitioiis cultivated crops, and enrich their owner and the
were made bv Human rienipoteiitiarics and re- Slate bv their pro.lu.ts. In this way tliey will'
jet-ted by France, England and Turkey.
Before Lord liusscll left Vienna he had a pri
vate interview of two hours with Count Huul.
The departure of the French Minister was port- j
jsmeil for a few days, in order tifdiscuss matters j
Willi tlie Austrian government.
llie general lone ol opiu.on iu t-iigland
tli.t the war must continue for a lengthened pe
j4., Th LoHdn"J'iiiiiw .cak. of the policy
of (lie new Czar a. more audacious than his fa
ther, and is so regarded throughout EurojK-.
Tlie fellow that 'tucj this mark,' has si'C
'kicked llie buyiut' .
im Jm Miai- J
AGRICILTIRAL
f-'rutn the Southrra CuttifftLi
THE COST OF FENCING
PLANTATIONS.
Thvre i ncarctly a planter or faririfr in the
!.. " 7 1 l"V
" '"" " ' '
1 1' to which Ainenean agriculture u subjected
tvmoa of tl"lt earl' C"'""41 "U'm f COD'-
u(jYmS ery cultivator lo fenee hi crops, instead
! of roiuirins every owner of live stock to keep
1 . ' . , . :
them out of bis neighbor', cultivated fields. '
'
- WTTwiH not say that our forefathers did wrong
not say that our loretatuer. did wrong'
time when the area under tillage was com-;
f,'"ti"' 'i"'U'r "Undl'"t'
j wide common range ut bogs wt cattle, and I
jotlier domestic aU.mais,M very oes.rauie, in a
'
new country. L nder such circumstance,' they
e
. - , . , ,. , , '
I ""fe"" ' a" l'r0I""-V U,,'K'n9e "l" l"C " - -
wmraon ,aw 1 "M ,!"e lnM " 'mV I"'
' uot U' M ''.v a,",,ll"r ,rtan- "or 1
'"'ther man's st.a k, a. a right belonging to the
'alter, fence or uo fence. A moment', reflection .
will MitUfv any one tlmt to jrive otie.inatiV cat- i
. J ft
tlo tbei.fiviK to. craw utori, ftncf-tKrupy an-S
& ' -
other maiiV laud, is an Wiw. of-tu!xiht uf i
. i . i - . i i .i i' ..
Ufoliertv only to be lu.tihed bv the clear attain-
r " ' - .
... .. . I, ....I.U.'. 1 tn .11
.,; ";.-,!;.,,....,. La , ,. ,
d'si'Uss the .Ue!w.n whrther in a ! Mateor 1 is-
u l t:h.. . : . .1. ... .. .
tiict, where Tillage is tlie great common interest, i
i. ,
it is wise to compel the fencing of all crops
. i
ugaiut hogs and cattle, for the small advantage I
that x-rue from their Ueenv-d ranjre over
ft. ,
est and old fields. That tin. wide range in
Jmost every county in (irgia (to the circum-
J, .; r i .....
. . . , ." , . ,
m is worm someiiunir ii tue owners o stock '
.1 - 1
I is not denied.
But is it really worth a tithe of
the cost of fem es iu the l.t hinting regions !
' " u' KUCt 13 " 1
Tl 1 . . r . .-. 1.-
j r ul u,at 11 ' :
! l- . liable lo be consumed
, by lire, and must at the U -t be followed by a.,-
'.other, and another, if the field be cultivated,'
i
and at a continually inert -a.il! " expense as tim-
), . . , -
i otr m-wiiMT !K.';iiTCr anu soarex'r, are lacm wo wun t
kno'wo brwd eipcriciH. : 'W almti" 'Z wmt" . , ' nwtt'
I ' farm fur feBdui? r-orDOMa." The w-nter tias- bad
enter into any catimales In dollars of the airiouut '
'
I of this enormous tax Upon Southern agriculture, I
i ,
l.u.l- feneiinr n.-.l..r;.U e- Jj.uel. ...nr.. l...n.
s .
j,, oniK districts than in others, and we
(l at to ,nak . air ,ver.
n-, - , . , ,
bi. 1 uis jou.imi uas many rcaoer. woo are
b . . - - ...
far belter qualified by long residence and larue
1 o t
experience, than the writer, to make a trustwor-
1
thy estimate ; and we hone some one will deem
' !
the subject of sufficient importance to tell the nub-
1 1
lie through the medium of the Southern Culti -
s
cai-or what is Hie probata.- cost of defending the 1
cro in a forty or fifty acre field, which a man
owns, from the invasion of hogs and other stock ;
and what is the probable iiniount of this tax up-
1 j
on a County and a Slate. An intelligent, thougt-1
fill gentleman, who has called our attention to
this matter, say. that all the hogs kei.t iu sever- i
1
a! eouAtie in middle G.r.ia. old at a niir unce
, 7 ; ' , . ' '
won il lint rate t..r tiit f. ..... ......Ia an.1 ...,nort-
' ' it
... :..!.. ... i ... v . .
.o .eu. srvwmjj
.. &H'h for hogs,
or catiebrake for larger .lock, or other forag-M
uu'lJ5an,:f.J..to..
and thus enjoy the exclusive la-irrfitof their pro-
perty. In the District of Columbia hog are
. .
uot Iree-commoners, but cattle are ; and by kee-
ing up hogs, and only fencing against neat 'cat-1
t c the exi-cn.e of feiicinir is reduced about one-
ue, nit ixpinse 01 itiaiiig is reuuieu hikmhoih
1 1 f ... . .. ,
half.- In time, tbe community will t-e tbe folly
I ,, . 1 , -, 1 1
if fencing against calle ; foV rails are now n orth
there from sixty to seventy dollars a thousand.
In a purely economical oiiit of view, we are
opposed to allow ing-le slock to run a! large j
enrich arable fields by their droppings at night,
and trespass on no mans rights of property.
They will promote civilization and augment
wealth, instead of retarding the one and damag-
(10 0,jltll.
Slouk-H.usban.lry b regarded by u? with no ,
. ;.,...,.,.. t... ... i ,.,..l The
Creator of the animal kiiigdoni called into ei-1
isU-nce " the beasts of the field " for a wise and
U-fuLmrpoe. Thev sustain certaiu natural re- (
lations to plants, which no cullivatdr of the soil j
ih.ihl.l fail to study and understand. Onr pre-!
ent system of fencing agatust live sKvk.of turntsibihtv rcrtinius to allow -swalhiwing ; if riot, the I
' .-
tug them out to shirt for themsetver, nd too ;f-
ten (tesJ'tbeir litingoraUrve, b bad every wy ;
and it belongs, legitimately, to the dark agea of
; semi-savage life. It virtually excludes them from
: plantation economy, and makes them enemies
i and trespassers where tliey ought to be friends
and profitable occupants. Under a wise system
Of rural economy, cultivated plant and cultiva -
I . . . .
ted animals narinonixe aiiin.rat.iy, a. ao me veg-
etable and animal kingdoms everywhere ; but let , ' i.uo...u. o. sa.i completely siayea me i wrilts 0W tlie ualowed nime of Dliry Crock.
! our stock be fenced in, rather than our corn and 'blood. ! ett, and to the editors of the Eagle and Emiui
jeotton. These and other croj will never travel ca "f uit f'01" md dog, wash the rer (or the kind terms in which they speak of
j off their owner's land to injure others. As much ; Part witu strong brine for an hour, theq bind on ! me, as tbougb I really desired the position.'
cannot be said of hogs, sheep, cattle and horse. !mi! "'I 'lh I ' '
. . . . .
Why should not the Owner of these be bound to
Uke care that they do no damage beyond their '
nge , " W.y prptetlbliw .n bun-j
1 ,llln. worth of nronertv in ho at a costi
tllousanj J0lar worth of fence far the'itQ U(rtarvw,h them twice day withstand
......... .. . m .
precinct or district I nucu practice is rasea nei -
. . , t .i
ther on nakt, nor on common $ent. Ten thou -
, , '
.,, ,hm. .i.,.
lar8 i hXk may live very much as wild beasts
uUUt W(, Hy urgv ,,w 1(tlnci)e tllat
,fler , cotnInuit,. has made considerable ad
- . -..:i- . i I.-; .
,'i'""", "
make still farther wotrreM. tbb colonial system
of keeping stock should lie discontinued, simple
U-caus.- it ha. ce.M-d to be adapted to the con"-!
a0,, ,0 t,c wal)(, of MK.u.ty T)ie gar.
, fi , . , -, , ." v
. . t.
uot Worn aftor it is an aoult.
it is tun tilt?
. . , , , . , .
plaitU-rs of (torfia put on t.Jt-ir iiin-a-i()nis, aiiij
i , . , . , '
,i i --;7 -
, , . . ,
ntiHtever .Iieir iires..nl eirelini.iariees n.-riianil
i
r'g!,rdl"- "f Pr'3uJ aoJ tradi,i'os wllith 1,a,i
tMuelive iu the hi"hest deirree j,
l
... i i i
should not be burdened with unnecessary taxes
of any kind; and if the labor and money now;
' ' 1 ." '
! , , , . , , I"00"0"0" ',ur
i """'" S' rMeU,,n,D8
tW'H'l'HAvj tkm:...teefi5fUt
would result arc incalculable. The cultivators of
the soil constitute a large majority of the voters.
and may easily di.pense with the tax of fencing
against hogs in a part of the State, as an exe-
rimetit, if tbcye fit b to instruct their law-
makers at the next session of the Legislature.-
N(j Wf JUcoVt.r js iUv ,
j;M.US!.ioll of ,lljs Ki.nciJ ' lion .
, . ... , ' , ,.
and in cae liollilli is don to lessen tins tax,
.. . .. L r ,
then we shall suggest the propnetyof cultivating
t f 1 1 .1- 11 1
- ' . ', . . ,.
some ev nenenre will. rnt. verv .lnrnt.lu rp.io ma
f . , .. ii . . i i -. .1 1
.'.11- ifoia nuu oat? , nnu .eyaius il as llie eueai.-
...
lest timber that can lie grown in Georgia for the
1 ,- , . ,, ... , ,
j '" " '
nmi a of te" or twcn,.v acros .v,cld'
t - . . . ,
.a fear years much rail timber, antr trees large
I . . J , 1 1 .- t . 11
enough for railroad tics, fence osts and bars.
, , , 1 1
: Late years, we have ceased making zig-zag worm
!-, ' r . , 11 . ..
1 lence, preferring posts and bars 111 a straight
j e n- , . .
! line, on many accounts. e use chestnut iiosts
' 1 -,i " 1 1 . 111
I when neither cedar or locust can lie had.
,, ,:. .... . -. .,, ,, .;
straight fence and using only three bars to a ran-!
nel to turn cattle, (not fetici.iir aminst botV th!T.r TJ7.7ZC I 1 VI" Vl , T.
. - , , . . .
expense of maintaining an adequate protection
jj, isgrJuilv redjiced. Any reduction
'f , ,, " ... , .
of c.t in this matter will be acceptable to agri-
... .. , ., . . ,'. ' .
euuiirisis . anu me wav 10 uiiiiiuisu uixaiion ill 1
. : . - ' , ' . . . .t
lh,s 18 to I"WJ ,n "Jvau ""PP'.v 0' .
. ........ . . ...
iije most durable lencing timber. It is not like-
-
,y , , .( cr);r K. JS,H Ils,.d .Ub.1
'guj materials shoul l V grown on every
'plaiitatntn
Uvea grow with onwmmoa rapidity, !
1 ..;!.." ..i;.7.7..T '.:ir '..T:7.ZV:ZT'w7.1iU-iSiK-mHMr awvvsstrk---wi4"v-r
should be -'.anted before thev In-conic dry .ind"ul'u,'ult 10 sav which is the stronger. That they
- - ....-"- ....
Hftcr (bev are ripe
ver ,.rmia,eS.
dry seed rarVlv f
' ,' "' j
c . ,. .1 1 . te
hont culture, as we I as the cost of fencing
"
i,mm,v..d lan.1. bas It.-.. much nchainl in
counrv
little care and timely labor
I may save thousands of dollars to the next and
succeeding generations. Not only our feice,.biit
our w,ooden dwellings, stable, and out houses.
last oulv a few years, and must be renewed or
' . '
aK.nuh'11. l. The annual consumption of timber
1
and, lumber is enormous, and constantly incrt-as-
ing with the increase of population. To meet
this growing demand, land hollers should save
all valuable forest trees from waste in ne.-dl.-s
feucrng. and from destruction in many other
ways.
.MEDIC A I. CSE OF SALT.
III. manv ca..;- of disordered stomach, a lea-
..e ..i. : ..;..i.a..'-
SI-OOIIIMI Ol S..11 I. CflLlin .w..-. J ...e ...... ...
inlerual aching, termed cholic, take a teaspoonful j
',.f .,lt ,.,,.1 ai'inl of col.l water-drink it and
go to ,.led il is one of the speediest renudies
known. The same will revive -a person almost
dead from receiving a very heavy fall, Ac.
In'au appoplivtic fil, no time should be lost
in pouring down salt and water, jf sufficient sen-
.'-
head must be sponyd with col J water until the
! return, wbea. alt will completely rettore
the patient from tbe lethargy.
In a fit, the feet should be placed in warm wa-1 "t" and '-"T"" to enter tbe canvas, lor rep
ter, with mustard added, and the legs briskly j Congress from that district, Ue- "
rubbed, all bandages removed from tlie neck.r"16' e wy
and a cool apartment procured if possible, 'in ' . " NVhil8t 1 baT " de4ire to cbanS m' P08'"
I si j . i i
1 many cases of severe bleeding at the lungs, and
. . r.r.;uA n. tl.kr j.i...!
- .u,.u u,v
1 a a.. I at 1 . I. - I - I . 1 . I . !
In toothacbe, warm salt and water held to the
P """ -entwed two or three times, will relieve
t cm If the gum, be affU-d, wa-h
"'"uth witb brine ; if the teeth be Cov.red
I wki.r
,
In swelled neck waih the nart witb brine snl
1 Ju '"--, iu me pan aim urine, ano
drink it twicc a d untj catrj
Salt will exil worms, if used io ImmI at a
! moderate degree, nd- aid. digestion ; but alt
; meat is injurious if used machs-ScintJ Arr.
""""""
I
The I'bintiso Orrtci Hiot. The St. Louis'
Intelligencer of the 20th ha an account of the
proceeding of tbe mob who dctroyed the - Lu,
minary," in rark.riile, l'latte county, a tele-
' graphic announcement of which fact we publish-:
' ed some dav. since. The pai!r was conducted
i i i .1 it' ii i
oy ueor a. i arts ana . j. j Hiiereon, una
had become uftVosivw to citizens of the vi-
: ... .
cmrty on account of it wungmed procbvity lo '
KrtHo i.m ' 1 liev liaseil r.ilutlolis dc'larinir
.tieesumsin, iney passeu resoiuuoiis uetiarni
it a nuisance and i.roeeeded to anate it. wnicn
. . i "": t . . -
they did most ettWtually, and after parading the
! ged Mr. I'attereon, one of tho editors of the .u j
1 : . -i . .- , . - . -.
minarq, into tbe street, forced him lo witn.-ss
. .
the destruction of his proiarrtv, and then pre-;
, , , , '
pared to tar, feather, and nde him on a rail.
But a guardian and protecting angej was sent
to ave the unreaisting man from the mortifying
1 disgrace and degraded punishment ready to be
lOltideil. him by the enraged fcojjulace. .... II.s
rdevoted wire eluHjr to him lo the 4ast, and her
last, and her
frail form was an efleclual shield, sav ing ber
husband from tbe infliction of a ja-rsonal out-
rage, supposed to U lit only for villains.''
However, he wasaolioeti that if he or his Col
league were found in the county at the end of
three weeks, tbey would follow their press, aud
find a grave bencalli the waves of Missouri.
The intelligencer a-il that the M Luminary'"
was not an abolition p;iper, but lhat one of its
e-il it. r is an owner of slaves and thinks that
. ,-. . . . , .... .
1 law leaf 1 1 fas ol IlKir cvUsJUCl tney wilt be Hear-
tily ashamed of it."
The Ouiest 1'ostmaster. The' Baltimore
Sun gives a list of the oldest postmasters in the
United Stat., at the head of which stands tlie
name of John Uickel, of Jonestow n, Lebanon
county, Pennsylvania. In a letter to the 1'osl
Office I'epartment, he speaks of his appointmcut
as follows:
VI e .L . ... 1 1 . ,
Mr fathera name, was John I ticket, and I
was commissioned 'John Bickel. jr.' Mv father
;.. . 1. 0 1 i;, .i i
..,M,.v-nine vearr.Xl. 'll.-di..I about ninevearsl
i -.1. " 1 .. aJ .... ..........I .....1... i".rf..-
1 Bas PI"n'"i pwmasier unoer Jener-,
i l. ui k it. itninitt im 1 li-xfi lit- wi,.tn I rmrr uti Ihu
I L' ,., ' , ' . .
i ofliee tiftv-threo years next Septeinla-r. I am
1 no ''I?'"".- ,wri J" ulJ- and d0 my busi-
i new myself." ' 4.
....... ,. ,
N "'" rotation in ufhee has become a cardinal
, - , . . , . ,
tcnet with both partie. it certamlv speaks loud-
irfor-ffie-uiao' integrity and capacity who re-
' . ' 1
iiius in ofticeover fialf a century, tbKttth erery
change aud under ail parties.
'
T'tXArt..Jjwot-lw.Th Xew
Vork tmnwreiarsays : "Two powerfuflS'Eaf
are so nicely ttalanci-d constitui. ttie great dim-
cult v . for though in the citv itself the prohibi-
. ".
... .1 .....
tionists are undoubtedly in tlie minority, thev
, - ,
have the sutitiort vf ation 1 he 1 res.. 011
""-"II A.-J I
both sides appreciate the magnitude of the
, , tillllk ari. iu.iwM ,b
,'Z.-.. .,..!...,. ...I..-...i......f . ..n.l,.i.,i..r. 1.
,Uail 111 the view oftkc r-oiisiWftlii-s thev have
euV-oiintcred." v
- ' " ber ol' 1 Viu. -crats have received an iL-.rodui.tion
X"lhi Louisville Journal, withoui cl.miiig to".iu ." he asked if the' ghost of " I id lliek
tbe tight to sj-cak for the Ann-ncau party, yet orx" sh.-uld revisit fins lower world, if it should
having expressed a pret'enuce lor lis principles burst inty a Know Nothing lodge, what would
over those of tlie lVinocnttic party, and being be sat ' He fancied he saw him cast his indig
llh'relore c.itiiuntted to scine ettent in it t-e-' Uant glaiu-e Uku the astounded K. N.'s, and do
half, asks the privilege of advising it, which it iuaUd-el in a voice ot thunder, By the Eternal,
does by recommending to tlie organization, " as l,ai arc you doing here i"
its prota-r ImIic. to sucure il ualfonalitv ; to se-i . . T . . . . , ,. , , .
t I .1 r The l..in.ville Journal cotnes the torogoinir
lect iione for ottuv Isut meii'of deci?d ability,
nd when piacticable, of souni practical exj'-en-
t... ... ..I,... ........ ... ,,r...l ..... lit llie !,rM.'tl...
' s. - . i
:f ..i i... ... .1- l.u..-
.u IMacllll, ... "fcl-"""'. v. :
in C ongres ; to avoid uitmug. in reter -
ence to foreigners or to anvttiiiig else;
, , ... " - '.i
and, last, to-maintain in all Us vigor, lor the
, ,- - . , ii ..
present, tbe vcrei-y of tbe tndindn-d nifinnul.''
. ' f
-Tl;
he Bbstooians, are about to introduce, iron
.. .u -i. - . i
menta tor theit street a mora- com.tauaU ;
iiavenienU tor their street
than wcsh) or stone.
They II be glorious in sleelv weather.
Mr. Gates, one oT tbe able editor
Jof the Jackaon Whig who wa reeehtly; r
called upon by a correspondent of the Memphis
""m w ma vKitwt. ww m scar, iu vuernm. vt iwr
, J
iiiu. hb au wjiiur, iur a sear, io vougreiw, or lur
- 1 " " "
m(J) j M to the friend mh(y
A flying machine ha been invented by .
I Spaimh gentleman, who has gone to Pari with
! it- - H daughter flic aUul w.A it like a cr-
, rier-Fig,D and as rapidly. The inventor pre-
'tenJ lhat ue travel tuter tian by railway.
ill n onders neer ceae 1
Sail vtrtut Sttam. The clipper ship Nonpa
reil, of l'liilaJelpuia, t-'apt. Dunn, maJu the pas
sage froitt the t arars of the Delaware lo Urer
pwjl iHx'ks in tliiru'en days, K'jual to twelve day
frCm .ieW York, or eleven from Boston, being
ab-jUt the fastett passat'e on record.
; -g" discovering ti.at it is mipoas-
j lo 00 tuettP . and
K''""'"? uPn ,he na,io- Toa Loa'
Jon Times, reflecting ujn the thirty milliona of
1 l'u'"! " year w uich the war now coat "J
rhuf in t.rAlr ti.r na ttr!Aicr mt fh tmt
' rv - .
... v
war, or one horse, or to supply a Lancaster
iii . ii
g bour. tbey most py wlutt, wotiM
lliainuiiu lour or nve laiuiues m comiun, Keep
i r
r " ""'u.itma.ttis. - sw- :
.1 . .....1. .,.1 1 .I n
gymn for a neglected district, or do some other
when the epithet " British Whig" wasapplied to
. i . ii . . c . t . e .3'.
the Whig party by Southern Locofoco
, , ,
ea.iora
because they advocated the protection of ham
. , , ... "
ynduHry. ) here do we now nnd those sum
i Locofoco editors ? Why, nine-tenth of tbem
! are in on and violent opposition to the grmt
American movement, contending virtually thaf
rr.M ,W nife the connfry ! For tbend
; and aim of
and aim of the whole American movement, a
; we understand it, is simply that " American
shall rule their foKiifry." Who are the Brit-
isli, now
A hog said to weigh thirteen hundred and
thirteen pound, was taken through Toledo on
Friday last on his way for exhibition io New 1
York. This monstrous animal i described as
three years old, three feel eight inches high, arid
niue feet king. It wa raised near Monroe, Mich-
igan. .. . ..i
Prttty GoalZ A Meldiodiiil; ifiThistor.fn 4)c
ington. while reading the discipline lo.tlie con
gregation, paused to suggest that if any of tba .
congregation will continue to WW, jiiatelry. tne
number of rings on the finger be not more than
live, nor the breastpin larger than agood sized
turnip. .
A Beautiful Thought. Some one has laid
of those w ho die y oung, that " they are Uke the
lambs which tbe Alpine shepherds bear in their
. . 1.' .1. . .1 1.
, anus io iiilinvr, ureeuer pnsLures, lum Kttv uuvsi
: . fyllusT"' ... -' - -
;U) ' '
' "
The American urfv in Tenneue and Ken
: l- n ' . . . .1. , 1 :
luctf. from all accounU tbe American party
- i 1 1 1
1 I'rogreasing wiui rapid sjiues in xeucssce anu
' Kentucky, especially among the "old line" Deio-
j ' .
"t- The Memphis Eagle contains a letter
from a leader of the Kmocracy in Tipton couu-
. n- ,r o 1 1 t 1 .1
, ty, Tcnn, Hon. -Mimuel U lay lor, in tbe course
of which he says :
" Americans" "wage no war against Pomo-
crcy,.and "a great majority of the adherentt
tf the American party icho have come finJer
i ... .,,(. 1 i....-r.w. "
'. Mr. Tarnam of Fayette, together with some
twnw.autiutJl A BWWl Priuoit'l.'s. Ibe ha-
Wsay-,
,.- 1
V. .. 1- . . u. .hUM n ... m.111- I ...Wirt.
. -.-
ats of the same way of tbiukirig in this coun-
1 ..1. . : ... .1.. I. .1.., .. l...r.,
j a "'"" vu.oujj.. ..
vvi. ,1 vi, r ; 111.1.1...
"tic. ivmcs next f h re w ill tins u-irisjng ot
, , , . '
me people-eiu :
' The Cyiithiana (Ky.) News, speaking of the
Hon. John t'. Breckiiirivlge". late swech in that
town, say:
Alluding to the painful fact that a vast num-
- ... 11 w
with the following commentary :
If 1 id lliokorv's'glicA'were to say And do
. . .1 e .1 ... ,.i . f,;.i ,.r
" "".' - -
i -i . i:. I ...- 11 ....!... " WI V
.. .k'r nhsillirv vou d'oin-here ?
. ....
This is no place tor ghosts OT dead te.li... and, il it .
', , .
were, you . bc-ii dn I .fay without m-'riiig AUtQ-...
' "" "' " ' r1- ., ,,-
;the i-u-totnary obligations. S,i sl.i.k out, old
l..H.,u for vve Iihv rm.O.wl on 'band. iHtor-
, . ... .
keiiperdiJ' vourTtfntrT--'
1 . ...
1 amiQ-3revCrr ouIil4f .w ear bat ' ly uia
i l'.l.-rna. v tor S.itn is g.si'l.
..) , - ' . .
..'.W.dlMlWit...
'lIWjglJlKi;-,