XV
Tarborough, (Edgecombe County, JV. CJ Tuesday, April 3, 1833.
To?. VIII Xo 33.
7?e "Xorth-Carolinci Free Press9
BY GEORGE HOWARD,
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From the Kalcigh Constitutionalist.
NORTH CAROLINA
Was discovered by Arthur
Barlow and Philip Amidas on
the 22d of July, 1584, who com
manded two small vessels built
by Sir Walter Raleigh under a
patent from Queen Elizabeth to
tike any barbarous land. Their
first landing is supposed to have
been on Ocracock. It was
called the county of Albemarle
in Carolina until about the 18th
century, when it assumed the
title of the colony of North
Carolina. In 1715 Charles
Eden was Governor of it in
1727 it was formed into a dis
tinct province, and from that
period until 1773 it was govern
ed by the following Royal Gov
ernors successively Sir Rich
ard Evcrard, Gabriel Johnston,
Matthew Rowan, Arthur Dobhs,
William Tryon, Joseph Martin.
On tin 18th day of Decem
ber, 1776, the Constitution un
der which we now live was
adopted in Halifax by the Re
presentatives of the people
elected for that purpose. Ri
chard Caswell, was the first
Governor elected, which was in
1776; from thence in regular
order until the present time
were the following gentlemen
elected to that office -Abncr
Nash, Thomas Burke, Alexan
der Martin, Richard Caswell,
Samuel Johnson, Alexander
Martin, Richard D. Spaight,
Samuel Ashe, Benjamin Wil
liams, William R. Davie, James
Turner, Nathaniel Alexander,
jBenjamin Williams, David
Stone, Benjamin Smith, Wil
liam Hawkins, William Miller,
John Branch, .Jesse Franklin,
Gabriel Holmes, Hutchins G.
Burton, James Iredell, John
Owen and Montford Stokes,
who is now in office his second
year. A Governor is chosen
annually in North" Carolina, bv
joint ballot of the Senate and
House of Commons. No Gov
ernor can serve but three years
out of six. He is assisted by
an Executive Council of seven
members who are elected an
nually in the same manner, and
at present are Mcshack Frank
lin, George W. Jeffries, Alfred
Jones, Owen Holmes, William
Williams, Nathan B. Whitfield
and Robert C. Watson. There
are sixty-four counties in tin
State, each of which is entitled
to one Senator and two Com
moners in the Legislature which
meets annually on the third
Monday in November, in this
city. ha h house e ects its
.
own officers. Every Senator
.must have resided in the county
he represents one vear before
Uis election, and lor the same
time have possessed a freehold
of 300 acres of land. Each
member of the Commons must
also have resided in his county
one year, and possessed 100
acres of land six months before
his election. Qualifications for
voters for Senators, a year's
residence in a county and 50
acres of land; for Commoners,
the same length of time and to
have paid public tax: both
electors must be 21 years of"
age. Those qualified to vote
for Senators may also vote for
Commoners. The Legislature
is denominated the General
Assembly of North Carolina.
No unnaturalized foreigner can
vote. The towns of Edenton,
Newbern, Wilmington, Salisbu
ry, Halifax, Hillsborough and
Fayetteville are each entitled to
one Representative in the House
of Commons.
OFFICERS OF GOVERNMENT AND
SALARIES.
Montford Stokes, Governor
salary 82,000.
Members of both houses of
the Legislature, S3 per diem
Speakers, $4.
John B. Muse, Private Sec
retary to the Governor, 8350
per annum and foes.
William S. Mhoon, Public
Treasurer, 81,500-Clerk, 8400.
James Grant, Sen. Comptrol
ler, 81,000.
William Hill, Secretary, 8800
and fees.
JUDIC I A RY S UP REM E COU RT.
Leonard Henderson, Chief
Justice, salary, 82,500.
John Hall and Thomas Ruflin,
associate judges, 82.500 each.
JUDGES OF THE SUPERIOR COURTS
OF LAW AND EQUITY.
William Norwood, Joseph J.
Daniel, John R. Donuell, Rob
ert Strange, James Martin.
The State is divided into six
circuits, each circuit consists of
about ten counties in each of
which courts are held every
six months. Salaries of Judg-
r.r( r i
es, lmj lor every court t icv
hold. Romulus M. Saunders.
Attorney General of the State
John Scott, Solicitor General
A. Troy, Stephen Miller, John
L. Bailey, and William J. Al
exander, Solicitors.
COUNTY COURTS.
A court is held in every coun
ty in the fctate every three
months, at periods fixed by law,
by the justices or magistrates
for- the several counties for
which they are eommisMoned.
The county courts are courts
of record, and have cognizance
of all crimes, the punishment of
which does not extend to the
privation of life, limb, or mem
ber. An Attorney toprasecuie
for the State, all offenders com
ing within the jurisdiction of
these courts is elected in every
county, once in four years, by
the justices, who allow a salary
annually, independent of the
fees of office. Each justice has
jurisdiction at any time out of
court of any litigated account
not exceeding 8100, from whose
judgment an appeal lies to the
county court, from the county
an appeal may be taken to the
Superior, and from the Superior
to the Supreme Court, which is
held in this city on the 2d Mon
days of June and last of Decem
ber. John L. Henderson, cl'k.
U. S. CIRCUIT COURTS FOR THE
DISTRICT OF N CAROLINA.
The United States Circuit
Court, is held in Raleigh, for
the district of North Carolina,
by Chief Justice John Marshall
and Judge Henry Potter, on the
12th of May arid 12th of No
vember in each year. The U.
S. District Court at Edenton,
Newbern and Wilmington.
District Attorney, T. P. Deve
reux Marshal, Beverly Daniel.
MILITIA.
The militia of N. Carolina,
consisting of infantry, riflemen,
artillery and cavalry, amount
to 64,775.
schools.
There is scarcely a neighbor
hood without a school, and in
every village two or three may
be found under the conduct of
instructors well qualified gene
rally it would be a tedious
task to undertake an enumera
tion of the many incorporated
academies. There is but one
College in North Carolina, Cha
pel Hill, which was founded in
the year 1795. It has generally
flourished and been of great ad
vantage to the State. Both of
our Senators now in Congress,
and most of our Representa
tives received their education
there. Nearly all the members
of the liberal professions and
an incalculable number of Re
presentatives in the State Le
gislature. There are upwards
of 100 students at present re
ceiving their education there.
ECCLESIASTICAL REG I STE R .
The Baptists in this State
have 14 associations, 272 chur
ches, 139 ministers and 15,530
communicants. The Presbyte-
rians have 12G churches, 57 1 females; total free white popu
ministers, 9 licentiates and 5907 jlation,' 472,843 of these, 203
communicants. The Mctho
dists.32 preachers. 12,641 mem
hers. The Lutherans, 45 Con-bcr of free white population are
prestations, 16 ministers and over 100 years of age. Of deaf
1383 communicants. The E- and dumb there arc 230of
piscopalians, 11 ministers. The blind, 223. Of slaves the itum
United Brethren, 4 congrega- ber of both sexes is 245,601
tionsand 1,727 members. The
Friends have a number of So
cieties. GOLD MINES.
The first notice of gold from
North Carolina, on the records
of the Mint of the U. States,
occurs in the year 1314, within
which it was received to the
amount of $11,000. It conti -
nued to be received during the
succeeding years, until 1824
inclusive, in different quantities
but all inferior to that of 1824,
and on an average not exceed
ing 82.500 a year. In 1825,
the amount receiv'd was $17,000
in 1826, 20,000 in 1827,
about 821,000 in 1828, nearly
$46,000 in 1329. $128,000
and in 1831, $294,000.
NEWSPAPERS.
Raleigh Register and N. C.
Gazette, by Jos. Gales & Son,
Raleigh.
Star and N. C. State Gazette,
Lawrence & Lemay, do.
Constitutionalist and State
Rights' Advocate, Ransom &
Ramsay, do.
Newbern Spectator, John I.
Pasteur, Newbern.
Newbern Sentinel, Thomas
Watson, do.
Carolina Observer, Edward
J. Hale, Fayetteville.
N. C. Journal, llybart &,
Strange, do.
N. C. Spectator and Western
Advocate, Roswell Elmer, jun.
Rutherfordton.
Western Carolinian, Burton
Craige, Salisbury.
Yadkin and Catawba Journal,
Lemuel Bingham, do.
Roanoke Advocate, Edmund
B. Freeman, Halifax.
N. C. Free Press, George
Howard, Tarborough.
Oxford Examiner, Robert J.
Yancey, Oxford.
N. C. Miscellany, Meredith
& Pell, Edenton. mittees, her Vice Presidents,
Miners' Journal, T. J. Hoi-.Secretaries and Judges? No
ton, Charlotte. where! Like Pennsylvania, her
Warrenton Reporter, Robert! lot is to hew wood and draw
N. Verell, Warrenton.
The Union, George Houston,
Washington.
Cape Fear Recorder, Arch'd
M. Hooper, Wilmington.
Hillsborough Recorder, Den
nis Hcartt, Hillsborough.
Greensborough Patriot, Wm.
Swaim, Greensborough.
Milton Spectator, Nathaniel
J. Palmer, Milton.
Farmers' Journal, John C. !
Blum, Salem.
Elizabeth City Star, Benja
min Albertson, Elizabeth City
SEAT OF GOV ERNMENT.
Ralci"h has been the seat of
governmcnt since 1794, at which ner, loaded with salt and corn
period there were only five . manded by Capt. Nicholas Sut-
buildmgs in the dace. 1 he ci
ty is very pleasantly situated in I
a healthy and elevated part of
the country, and nearly the cen-
tre of the State there are 1700
inhabitants within the limits ofiCalled the John Brown, belonir-
the corporation, and upwards of
2,000 including the precincts.
POPULATION.
North Carolina contained in
1330,. 734,470 inhabitants of
this number 235,954 were free
white nudes, 236,339 free white
only were foreigners not natu
ralized! 58 of the whole num-
and ot the tree people ot color,
19,543. Of this number of co
lored persons, 247 are over 100
years of age.
From the
From the Raleigh Register.
The last census discloses a
'fact which proves that North
! Carolina is one of the most
'healthy States in the Union.
! Our population amounts to
i 738,470 souls of this number,
304 have attained the aro of
100 years and upwards. This
gives a centenarian in every
2425 persons, throughout the
State. What will foreigners,
who deny American longevity,
say to this?
The Washington Correspondent of
the Philadelphia American Sentinel,
makes the following:, in the main,
just remarks on North Carolina:
But I confess 1 was gratified
to learn that in a forthcoming
publication of authentic mate
rials, it will be proven beyond a
doubt that North Carolina anti
cipated Virginia in promoting
the Declaration of Indepen
dence. I like North Carolina,
because in adhesion to the Uni
on and disregard of office, she
has always resembled Pennsyl
vania. I like her for another
reason, because in Congress
while her unity and weight are
always felt, her sterling merits
are disregarded and her claims
to important stations postponed
to those of more boasting and
exacting States. Her represen
tation both in the Senate and
House, like that of Pcnnsy-lva-
nia, is highly respectable; her
moderation respecting the Ta
riff and whatever else she may
disapprove of: the consistent
and unassuming course of her
State politics all her public
characteristics are highly 'hon
orable and praiseworthy. Yet
'where are her chairmen of com-
water, Lven in the society ot
Washington, among the diplo
matic corps, and the festivities
of the place, as she does not in
sist upon, she does not enjoy
the consideration to which she
is entitled. The foreign min
isters here, the charges and at
taches and all that sort of
things, even they too are taught
to slight Pennsylvania and
North Carolina.
CCr-Thc Elizabeth City Star,
in giving an account of the snow
storm of Saturday night, (17th
ult.) states that a small schoo-
ton, of that town, sunk in Albe
marle sound Saturday night,
and it is expected all on board
perished, as nothing had been
heard of them. A schooner
ing to Mr. Taylor, on the Ca
nal, John Hoy, Master, is also
missing; supposed to have been
lost in the sound that night.
Another victim of Intempe
ranceOn Monday, Asa Baw
cum, an aged planter of this
county, (about 60) was found
dead in a small creek or branch
about 12 miles west of this
place, into which, it is suppo
sed, he had fallen in a state of
intoxication. The deceased
has left a family to bemoan his
untimely fate. Raleigh Reg,
C?The Greensborough Pat
riot of the 14th inst. states, that
on Sunday evening last, Henry,
infant son of Henry Hum
phreys, Esq. of that place, aged
between five and six years,
while playing with the boys
who were tending the cotton
machine of his father, was ac
cidentally caught between the
cog-wheel and vvallower, and
literally crushed to pieces. The
little sufferer struggled a few
minutes, and expired. R.Siar
Free persons of Color, The
bill providing for the removal of
free persons of color from Vir
ginia, which passed the House
of Delegates of that State a few
weeks ago by a vote of 79 to
41, has been rejected in the
Senate by a vote of 18 to 14.
A law has been passtfd by
the Legislature of Maryland,
appropriating $200,000 for co
lonizing the free blacks and
manumitted slaves in that State.
"(?"A case of mal-practicc
was recently decided at Litch
field. Connecticut, -in which a
young physician, for having in
oculated a female just below
die elbow joint, wounding a
nerve, and effecting an incura
ble injury, was fined S400.
CTNot to return one good
office for another is inhuman-
bat to return evil for good is
diabolical