H bole JWj. 86.
Tarhoronzh) (Edgecombe County 5 JWC.J Saturday October 2, 1842
Vol. XV III 42.
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FOR THE TAKBORO PRESS.
A NATIONAL SERMON,
Or, i ftiv thoughts on Nullification
By an American Farmer.
Written in 1833, but in consequence of
the Compromise., not published
until now.
First hoik of Kings, xii chapter, verse
4: Thy lather made our yoke grievous:
now therefore make thou the grievous ser
vice of thy father, and his heavy yoke
which he put upon us, lighter, and we will
serve thee. Verse 10: My little fingei
shall be thicker than my father's loins.
Verse 11: And now whereas my father
did lade you with a heavy yoke, I will add
to your yoke: my father hath chastised you
with whips, but I will chastise you with
scorpions.
The wise man Solomon said, there was
nothing new under the sun, and indeed it
seems true; for in this case before us, of the
kingdom and nation of Israel, we see as
clear as day light the present crisis of A
meriean affairs; and the plea and petitions
of the South Carolinians to the General
Government for relief from the Tariff grie
vances, to correspond as near as possible
with the plea of the ten tribes of Israel to
King Rthoboam, for a redress of their
grievances. And by reading this chapter,
the General Government may see as clear
as the sun at noon-day, which way they
ought to steer the American bark, and
what may be the fatal effect to this nation
if they do not redress grievances. For the
ten tribes were never alter united to the
other two, ana wars on wars were tneeneci
of this split between the tribes or twelve
States of Israel.
Ileie, Congress men, look with open
eyes and see the path you must and ought
to head: or you may be, by one act of
yours, the cause of fifty different wars in
this country in time to come, like this one
circumstance did in Israel, by Rehoboam's
not redressing the grievances of his sub
jects on petition. VVe will say, you crush
the South Carolinians in a moment. Stop,
pause awhile; the race is not to the swift,
nor the battle to the strong. There was a 1
God in Israel that managed the affairs of j
the nation, and mark this, that he never I measures to relieve the burdens of the
suffered them again to be united. But oh, j people, he would not have had his kingdom
the blood, the blood, that lids one proud j curtailed, dist racted, and divided as it was,
ove-bearing and hard bearing act anil coun-jhy those measures which he and his minis
sel of his young ministers brought on that j try pursued, of still holding the bufdens on
nation, that might have been so easy to all
human appearances settled at first, by Re
hohoam's granting the petition- of his sub
1 j-ch-. Remember, theie is a point to whieh
human nature can bear; then nothing but
lieaih can damp the patriotic flame Re
member, grievances endured and suffered
by our fathers, and not redressed by Gieat
Britain on petition, were the cause of our
Revolution; and must you not be mad, or
out of your senses oh, you Houses of Con
gress, not to hear the voices ol our oppiess
h1, complaining Souih Carolinians; our
brethren, our bone and our flesh, our sis
ter and help purchaser of liberty at the
price of treasure and blood in the revolu
tionary struggle.
Or, will you shut your eyes against the
light of all past experience of nations, and
pursue the proud, the down, hard bearing.
nd mad policy of Rehoboam and the Brit
ish nation, and thereby produce a revolu
tion and perhaps a never ending separation
of these United States; that have become
the light of nations, the terror of despots,
the boast of the sons of liberty throughout
the world, and the happy asylum to the
outcast and oppressed of all nations of the
earth, that can possibly tread American
M)il. Never, no, never, when you can so
easily profit by past experience. Lighten
your hand, break the yoke, burst the
cords, and spread joy to the sons of liberty ;
stop the mouths of tyrants, who laugh and
mock at Republican governments. Dry
up the tears of patriots, and do honor to the
sheping heroes of the Revolution, who
fought, and bled, and died, to purchase
such a boon for you. I call heaven, and
General Washington, and hi host of liber
ty's bleeding martyrs, to witness your
mad and proud policy, if on do nor listen
to ihe grievances of the South, and redr ss
them speedily, and save the Union of this
nation; since you can see as plain as the
nos on your face, the whirlpool that is be
fore you, by the light of pat experience.
I shall now take up my text, with some
of the circumstances relating thereunto. I ,
is clear, from raiding this chapter and
others, tint the nation of Israel atthedeith
of Solomon, to external appearance was in
very prosperous condition; gold and sil
ytr was in great plenty, so that it was noth
ing accounted of in the days of Solomon
His s unptuous pdace was builtjlhe famous
temple a house fr Pharaoh's daughter,
&.C. &c. Yet it is also clear, that the peo
ple of Israel were gioauing under veiy hea
vy and gievous burdens at the same time;
and I will show you the reason why
First, the king's table every day was a vast
ourden on the people; for it a thirty
measures of fine flour, and threeseore mea
sures of meal, ten fat oxen, and twenty fat
oxen out of the pastures, an hundred sheep,
and roebucks, and fallow deer, and fatted
towl. What a heavy tax this on a nation
Atld to this, forty thousand horses for cha
riots fed every day, and twelve thousand
hoisemen with clothing and food. Here
are a million or two at once, I take it
Add to this, the pny of all his gteat ofti
eers, with a hundred other contingent ex
penees for the government of the nation ol
Israel. We ma say four or live -millions,
at once. Hut what w;.s the worst of all,
this was the vast expense of a peace estab
lishment, for there was no war in the days
of Solomon.
Now add to all this, the oppression of
hard labor in building of houses, nut for
themselves but for the king or nation; for
leaving out the mighty labor and cost of
the temple, the king s house must have
been both costly and oppressive to the peo
ple, for they were employed about thirteen
years in thej public wotks. But oh, hea
vens, when I tell you they were not left at
their liberty, but levied by the govern
ment out of all the tribes of Israel to do
what? why, to work for the king and na
tion. Thirty thousand cutting timber of
cedar in Lebanon, !-ixty thousand bearing
burdens, and three thousand three hundred
officers to oversee them. Here you see al
most one hundred thousand men at work
on internal improvements like slaves fori
the king. Is it any wonderthat Israel un
der thtso circumstances complained of grie- i
vances and a heavy yoke, when it had gall-
ej t,ejr necks for thirteen years,
mon was , it-h, it is true; yea,the ri
Solo-
ichest of ;
kings but the people were
poor, very
poor, in the latter part of Solomon's reign;
foi his household expenses, his seven bun
dled wives and three hundred concubines,
were not to be maintained without a vast,
expense to the government. Besides, the!
vat internal improvements made in the;
kingdom, as well as thiiteen years loss of.
labor. And this is the effect of internal im
provements in all nations, a rich govern-
ment, but poor people ami they oppressed. !
This was the reason, and 1 think reason'
fully sufficient, for Israel's laying their pe-J
titions of grievances before Rehoboam,
their young king. And had Rehoboam ta-l
ken the lenient, the pacific course and j
his people. His subjects asked nothing
but what was their right, nothing but what
might be said was the language of reason;
:and withal they presented a very humble
petition to their young king, with promis
es of future and continued fidelity to the
young king, as they had to his lather, on
lightening their burdens of labor and taxa
tion. Labor is one of heaven's rights to
all men, and he or they, that take away
this right from man without his consent, is
a tyrant and an usurper of the rights God
has given man for the support of himself
and family.
But hear their petition; Thy father made
our yoke grievous, now therefore make
thou the gtievous service of thy father and
his yoke which he put on us lighter. For
heaven's sake, what was there so unreason
able in all this? They did, like the South
Carolinians, not ask to have all burdens of
government removed ; but only some part
of their hard burdens and services removed,
so that they might bear yet, and get along
in their aff.irs in this life. I ask, was
there any disloyalty in their petition to
their young king? No, there is a manifest
Aillingness yet to serve. They had an
undoubted right certainly, as well as the
South Carolinians, to peiition their king or
government for a redrtss of what they
thought their grievances; and they, it is
certain, used this right in great humility as
subjects of that kingdom, as well as the
SfHHh has done. Rehoboam, you know,; Let us read the advire of Rehoboam'
took three days to consider on this subject ! young men in the text: My little finger
hke the Houses of Congress have done; for shall be thicker than my father's loins I
'hey have taken two or three session. to; will add to your yoke: my father chastise,
consider on the Tariff grievances ol the ; you with whips, but I will chastise you
South. Now 1 should have thought, that; with scorpions. Oh, ye Houses of Con
it would not have taken Rehoboam, nor:grss, what foolish advice this, 4 the end
the House of Congress neither, a day, no, j proved it to be. 13e wiser than these
not an hour, when the matter is so plain young ministers and this fool hardy young
Irom the past experience of nations. But . king; don't put to sea in a storm. These
oi, he had his ministers to consult, and , were vigorous measures, measures that had
they a set of young ministers too; not lhe;a tendency to irritate hearts that weie aira
old on s of his father, for had he, Rehobo-jdy galled to the quick, and not to conciii
aoi, tal on their advice, the States of Israel I ate," and mohfy, and make peace. Dju'i
had not been divided. But no doubt these ! tread on th t ground, for it is too dunger-
ui3 vvamtju io suppiant, nis la'.m-r s
old ministers, and get' in
And here, fellow citizens, arises oft the
distraction and destruction of nations; from
outs wanting to get in, to share the loaves
ami fishes. What was the counsel of Solo
mon' old ministers of state? He, you will
oot do'.ibt, was a wise king; and of course,
his ministers of slate may be ranked among
the none such. Let us hear, fellow citi
zens of the United States, for the ins'ruc
lion of the Houses of Congress, what ad
vice these wise old ministers of fctate give
in this crisis of affairs in the nation of Isra
el; which is analogous to the crisis of the
present American affairs. Here comes
their counsel: And they spake unto him,
saying, if thou wilt be a servant unto this
people this day, and wilt serve them, and
answer them, and speak good words unto
them, then will they be thy servants lor
ever. Here, oh ye men of Congress, is
the voice of the wisdom of ministers of
state in the days of ancient times, at a cri
sis like ours. Will you, oh I call upon
you in the name of heaven, and by all that
is sacred to God or man, to listen to this
counsel and act accordingly; for it is the
counsel of wisdom, it is the safest advice
that you in this crisis of Southern com
plaints can take. For I ask you, in th
name of God, is it not as much your duty to
hear the petitions of the people, or a State,
as it is for them to obey your lawful or con
stitutional mandates? You are our ser
vants, and we are yours; and it is the in
terestofall to be united and serve ea'ch
other. And 1 beg you to remember, that
all sovereign power, whether of kingdoms
or States, lose their right to rule men in a
moral point of view, when they become op
pressors and take away of the rights of men.
Such a government is no longer an ordi
nance of the great God of heaven, for and
because it destroys those very rights he be
queathed man in creation.
Whenever the established laws of na
tions or States are contrary to the dictates
of reason, and take away the rights of men,
they cannot, according to the laws of God
and Ihe consciences of men, be lawfully
obeyed. For in such a case, any man can
resist them and not sin, but have a clear
conscience towards God. Such was the
case of the patriots of the Revolution, they
could see a field of Britons slain & weltering
and smoking in their blood, and feel no
guilt of conscience; because they had put
he Americans upon the necessity of kill
ing them in defence of those rights that God
had bestowed on man as his inalienable
rights, and therefore the blood was on the
British ministry, and not on the heads of
the Americans And in case men are not
able to resist unjust and unreasonable laws,
they should rather suffer thin obey them;
and every subject in a nation has a right to
judge of the laws of that nation, whether
just or unjust. For God himself has sub
mitted his laws to our judgment and under
standing, and calls upon us thus to obey.
And if you should say, the common peo
ple do not understand the laws of their
country; 1 then say, they can't transgress,
because you make a law beyond their com
prehension. I say, the common people are
competent judges of all matters of Slate, for
self and national governments; for on them
the burden of all governments fall, and
ihey should be the chief regulators. It is
true, they m3y not understand the tricks
and intrigues of lawyers, nor the manceuv,
ring of statesmen to get their hands in the
treasury; yet if the designing would let
them alone, they will do right and do for
!he best, the best for all; but the designing,
for the few.
For I assure you, that the lowest class
of the nation know how to count their mo
ney and value their precious labor, as well
as my Lord Secretary of State. v hy
then should not the voice of cur sister be
heard and granted, since she is as capable j pended on public works of the king and
of judging of laws, money, and labor, asjna'ton. You will recollect, lhaf labor is
well as others? 1 say, break the yoke and j money money or hbor 9 when taken
set the nation at peace, or you will r. pent iaway a taxation, and that alF revenues in
it when too late. What, for heaven's sakejatiy government arise from labor. And
will you risk this republic for a few nun-1 you may just as well tax a man's hands as
dred thousand dollars? Don't, for old his purse, produce, property, or neeesar
George's sake, do like Rehoboam, lej- ct wants for thy all amount 10 the ime.
the counsel of his old ministers and listen j Sulomsyn had laid a heavy tax of Lbor on
to his youngones, and so refuse to reuiovellbe ht elites for thiiteen years to build
like him this Tariff grievance, and divide jail his public and national works: ihe
the United States like he did the twelve; were now done and finished. vVe harol
States of Israel; and bring on us and our i no petition from them, untilalfare finished;
children, and children's children, wars un-j they seem to have borne their burden.-
numbered. Oh, let not the American
soil drink the blood of its sons, but of ty
rants and her invaders
,011s, as tne euu shewed. Uh, how aston
ished must these dutiful subi-cis ol th
king have been, when they heard such a
cnul and hard answer from their young
kiiig to their humble petition lor a ledress
of grievances, as stated in the text. Me
thinks thpy stood amazed, but I am sur
they grew mad and vexed worse than ev
er, for they revolted from the house of Da
vid from that day; and stoned Adorm,
whom the king sent to pacify them.
No doubt the king and his young men
thought, that threats and perseverance
from his majesty, would soon humble and
kill the pride of these groaning Israelites;
01 that they would lad out among them-
selves, and so there would he an end to j
their opposition and complaints: or tha'
his indirection was all owing to Jerobo
am, the son of Nebat. and a few other fac
tious fellows, lhat led the people astray;
and lhat they were at the head of all thi..
ami could not. long agree, because every
one itould want to be the great man. Or,
that if a few of the king's troops "who were
well disciplined were sent after them, that
they would s.ion return to their duty
through fear, as it was only a mere party,
nd no doubt he thought a few out of the
thousands of Lrael. But he was fatally
mistaken when it came to the test. Ten
rihes went off, and his party was but a
tiauul'ul, when the people were mounded.
Matters had now come to a crisis in Israel,
the full exient of the division was seen,
while before only a few spoke out. So in
all revolutions, the greatest part for cer
tain piinciples lie concealed, until foiced
out like Israel, by further over bearing
measures.
And here, fellow citizens, you can see
what would have saved ihe union of the Is-
raelitish states; and that was, a change of
men and measures in the ministry. But
this young king and his proud young men,
you may be sure, had not love enough for
the union to resign their post; nor would
not, or could not, see the danger of their
measures of government before too late;
and thus the nation was shipwrecked, for
want of better and older pilots. I ask you,
if it was not madness and folly in Rehobo
am, thus to act and dash the union of Isra
el to pieces, merely for the sake of being
called brave, or not rescinding oppressive
measures? But alas, there was honey comb
made in the treasury by thee men's la
hois and taxes, and therefore the king and
l.?s ministers were not willing to resign the
helm to others', nor let theffl off less
taxes.
I tell you, fellow citizens, it is hard to
say what a people will do, when .fully pro
voked by bad measures in governmental
affairs. 1 should sav, it was not good lo
In Ust that unrprnmpnt hp
the cause of the outrage that may he com-
mitted by a vexed people, conscious of
their rights, and so bring their blood to he
required at the hands ot the governors ol
Ihe nation, ror sure I am, 11 DaJ mea
sures and unjust laws that take away the
rights of men, be the cause of blood's be
ing shed, that ihe promoters of those mea
sures must bear the blood of the slain; as
the aviottr has said, wo unto that man by
whom the off.nce comet h. And who can
help being offended, when his labof and
money are taken away without his consent,
hy unjust measures in a government, and
given to another to riot in luxury and de
bauchery, as did Solomon and no doubt his
ministry, as he set them so bad an exam
p!e for the text siys, he loved many
strange women.
We will now jut glance over the sub
ject in a way of application, to see the anal
ogy in this case of Israel, and the present
tate of American affairs. And first, the'
nstion of Israel in the
days of Solomon Inn
, bv means of theii
been badly oppressed
labor being taken away from them and ex
with much patience- 1 nen uon 1 you
think, now they ought ot right and of jus-
tice to themselves, 10 haye this tax of labor
re.noved. This U the yoke and ferv!c
complained of. and the grounds of their pe
i'ion. I say ih'-ir cbirit of rights and pe
ti'ion are well founded, and Ought to hav
been granted by the young king
Now, sir, to compaie. The American
government ha been much In debt, in
eon-equence of last war and other necessa
ry charges. Have not ihe South Carolini
ans, Jike the Israelites, paid faithfully their
quo'a of labor to carry on these public
works? But. they are now. like 'he public
works of the States of Israel, finished. The
national debt paid, the South Carolinians
mow, like the Israelites, petition for a re
lease from .further labor or taxation. What
say you, Congress, is not their right and
petition well founded, and claim just?
They now want, like Israel, to work for
themselves, and do no more labor for the
nation than may kiep ti e wheels moving.
And can you in justice say why they should
not? I think you cannot in justice say,
hat they should not now work for them "
selves; for the right of labor is a God
given right to every man, and you hat
no right to take it away; if you do, they
have a right to complain, and resist your
taking it aay and justly too. And no
Un 4 nor government his a right to take
any more from the subjects tbereol than
fur the good of the whole, and not the fe.vf
in any government And thtslhc i.onsu
tution gives Congress, and no more; and
Congress has no right to tax our labor, our
purse, produce, properly, wants or wishes
than is sufficient for the expenses of gov
ernment. And whenever Congress does
r shall lay a tax, or duty, or what not, to
carry on any works, or internal improve
ments, that are not fur the good of the
whole nation, but for the benefit of a few
individuals, or any one particular State OP
section of country, wherein the whole U
nion is not benefitted less or more, ihey be
come oppressive Solomon, and that part
oppressed thereby has a iigh to complain
and petition for redrss of such grievances,
and may justly resist whtn not granted.
And so did Israel of old, as true patriots,
and set up for themselvei under Jeroboam,
their first kingj and for this reason the
union of the States of Israel was broken
forever. Take heed.
But we will now come to the verv root
of the matter or the" main cause of this
grievance; and that was, that all this vast
taxation of labor of Ihe ten tribes or States
of Nrael, was expended mostly for the ben
i fit and in the State of Benjamin, for the ag
grandizement of that State, and the benefit
and wealth of its citizens. And the State
or tribe of Benjamin joined the tribe or
State of Judah; for the famous city of Je
tusnlem stood in the Sta'e of Benjamin, a
few miles from the line lhat divided the
States of Judah and Benjamin. Here it
was that most of the tax or labor of the ten
tribes was expended, on these States and
to the benefit of the citizens thereof; while
their own Slates and selves received no
benefit from their labor. And further, the
i State of Judah was by far ihe largest State
in the Union: of the twelve 2nd the molt
populous. Here is the gall then here is
the grievance that harrows the heart and
enrages patriotic blood. Shall we, the
ten Stages that have equal right. with Ju
dah and Benjimin, be always at work for
them, to raise their cities to splendor, and
! ours lie in ruins: to erect lamous and
j splendid houses and public works, fer the
good of these two Slates, and we have
'scarce houses to belter us, by means of our
t being always Irom nome to worn lorinerar
Good heavens, this won't doforua; let Ju
dah and Benjamin work for themselves,
and let us work for ourselves. Is not thi
right, say, ye men of Congn ss?
Here, in a short manm r, you have a faif
view, and the effects of the cuised project!
of interml improvements in one State and
not in others; and laying a tax to benefit
one or two Sta'es, and aggrandize them on
the expense or labor of others. This was
he gall in Israel to the ten tribes, and rai
sed thetr mood not to be allayed without
redr( ss of grievances. So 1 tell the Gene
ral Government, with all the candor of a
free ci'izen, that ihe system of internal im
provement, either to be put in practice by
a S:at-or the United Slates, is and cannot
help being in any fhjpe that the wisdom of
all your heads can put it, any other thing
than a system of oppression on the many
to aggrandize the few. This is my logic.
And that you have no np.ht 10 expend the
money or labor of one Stale to the idvtj
tage of another; if you da,- ffrc neaft of the
,mei aiis v ill rebel, as did trie ten tribes;
for they were conscious it was wrong, and
o am I, and I think you must be also.
(remainder next week.)
JOSHUA LANKENCE-
fpGov Reynolds, of Missouri, has
offered a reward of 600 lr ne apprenw-
ion of Orrin Porter Kockmell. charged
with the crime of feloniously shoot.ngLi -burn
W; Br.&s, with the intent Jo kill
iim;aad d Jo. Smith, charged with being
cces-orv before the fact to the crime of th
atd Rockwell; or ?300 for either of them.
Jialwgn Star
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