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Whole JVo. 911.
Tarborough, (Edgecombe County, JV. ..) Saluvilty, August 1 9, 1843.
VOL XiX. Xo. 33
Tic Tarbo rough l9rcss,
BY G GORGE HOWARD,
Is published weekly at Two fltlfar and Fifly
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Advertisements not exceeding a square will Ife
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ments at that rate per square. Court Orders and
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Letters addressed to the Hditor must be post
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From the Mississippi Guard.
THE GRAVE,
fty Robe kt Josselyv.
Why should trre good go there?
'Tis a cold and dark anode,
For the holy men of praise and prayer;
Who have dwell so long in the pleasant
air
And sunshine of their Cod.
Why go the learned and wise
To a house so close and damp?
They can gaze not thre at the myotic skies.
Nor watch the stars as they fll and rise.
Nor read by ihe midnight lamp.
Why go the rich and gay
To a hut, so mean and small?
No chance is there for a proud display;
There is scarcely room in the walls of clay
For the busy worms to crawl!
But for him who is struggling, on
In wild ambition's race,
Who feels that the coal cannot be won
That his spirit droops and his strength
'Tisa quiet resting place.
As for him who has weary grown,
Of a world that loves him not,
Whose joys have vanished and hopes have
flown,
Whose only wish is to be alone,
Indeed, 'tis an envied spot!
From the Madisonian.
MR. CALHOUN'S LETTER.
We copy from the Intelligencer an inter- i
esting letter from Mr. Calhoun, in
renj i
'
to some strictures by the editor on a
re"
cently published volume of hi speeches '
which we commend to the reader:
Fori Hill, July 2S, 1S43
Messrs. Gales & Seaton: 1 have just
received from a friend the National Intel,
liVencer of the 12th and 15th instant mn. '
taining your remarks on a volume recently !
published by the Harners of New York,
entitled ''Speeches of Mr. Calhoun, deliv-;a
ered in the-Congress of the United States
from lsll to the present lime." Your
remarks are headed, '-Political History
Suppressed Speeches of M r. Calhoun."
"Suppressed" is a strong word. The
highest authorities define it to be, put
down, destroyed, concealed; and your re
marks leave no doubt that you imended to
use it in the strongest and most offensive
sense that is, that the)- have been inten
tionally omitted in the compilation in or
der to give a partial and false view of my
opinions; and, for that purpose, a false ti
tle was given to the volume. To the truth
of this you pledge indirectly your wor d by
heading your remarks "Political History."
The charge is a grave one, and made in an
imposing manner, and if true the imposi'ion
would deserve the public reprobation. The
question, then, is, Is it true? Lei facts an
swer.
The title is, indeed, false false every
way. It covers much not included in the
volume, and omits much that is reports,
letters, and other writings. You have no
ticed the former, and called public atten
to it, but not the latter, though -equally ob
vious and very material in determining
whether the falsity of the title is a mere er
ror or a fraudulent attempt at imposition.
The one might, with some plausibility, be
construed to be an attempt at imposition;
ut it is impossible for any ingenuity so to
construe the other. It is impossible to as
Slgn to it a fraudulent object. LJut if the
one is an error why not the other? In fact
the very grossness of both can leave no
doubt that they are merely errors. It is
not possible to open the volume without de
tecting them. The title covers all the
speeches of Mr. Calhoun from 1811, when
he entered Congress, till the present time,
while the volume contains but one speech
prior to 183S. gain: it omits to mention
anything but speeches, when of the first
four of his productions of which the com
pilation is composed, only one is a speech
To make its grossness more palpable, all
these are headed "Speeches. " Has fraud
ever been known to do its work in so clum
sy a manner? It is idle to waste words on a
thing so plain. The whole title is a grass
blunder, of which I h ive much greater rea
son to complain than any one else, li
looks much more like an attempt to injure
me than to impose on the public. I, how
ever, can suspect nothing of the kind
How ii hippened 1 know not; nor is it ma
terial. so far as it relates to the object of thi
communication: but I deem it due to my
self lo state all that 1 know about it.
It so happens 1 have never yet seen the
volume. I saw the title and the advertise
ment not long since for the first time. I
was. as may be imagined, indignant at lh'
blunder. I wrote immediately to a friend,
who took an interest in the publication and
corresponded with the publishers, and poin
ted out the blunders in the title and the
objections to the advertisement, and sag
sted the corrections that .-hould be made,
which I req jested himto have done forth
with. It was too late. I received his an
swer a few days since. He informed me
thd he had perceived the blunders before
he got my letter, and had prepared a cor
rection, but, owing to some delay in the
transmission, it was not received in lime.
It may be proper to add, that the title I
suggested (as well as I can recollect) was,
"A selection Irom the speeches, reports,
and other writings of Mr. Calhoun. sube
quent to his election as Vice President of
the United Slates, including h:s leading
speech on the late war, delivered in 1611."
It was drawn up to make it full and accu
rate to cover the whole, anil no more. So
much for the title.
I come now to the selection or compila
tion; and here I take all the responsibility.
It was done by me, and if there be any
fraud or concealment, I am charge tble. In
order that your readers may judge, 1 shall
state the reasons which governed me in ma
king the selection.
It is proper to premise that I have been
urged from various quarters, in the last
six or seven yeas, to have my speeches
collected and published, and have during
the same period received numerous appli
cations for copies of my speeches in pa tri
plet form, with which I could not comply,
because I had not spare copies. Since my
name Ins been presented to the people in
connexion with the Presidency, application
for copies have increased, and I have been
more frequently urgtd to collect and pub
lish my speeches, reports, and other writ
ings on political subjects. 1 finally con
sented to the publication, because I believ-
fd it to be due to the pe ple, in the position
I occupy, to afford them the means of as-
cenaining, ine opinions ami senu'itenn i
entertain on all political subjects, particu-
Iarl v on those wh:ch have agitated the ennn-
,rv 0f ;lte and on uhieh the Presidential
election will probably in a great measure
turn. That 1 believed could best be done
by publishing what 1 had said and written
on those questions in a form whi.-h would
make the wor k accessible to the People. It
would give my opinions and sentiments in j
the fullest and mo-t authentic form, and ini
manner much more consonant to mv
; feelings than by popular speeches made for
, the oceason, or a personal canvass.
To effect the object, it was not only ne
cessary that a selection should be made,
but that it should be made from the later
and not the earlier of my speeches and oth
er discussions on political subjects. To
publish all 1 have said or written in the
long period of thirty-years, in which I have
been without intermission in public life,
would make the work too bulky and ex
pensive to be accessible to t he great body
of the community ; and to publish those of
an early date instead of those of a late,
would not give the information intended
I accordingly fixed on the termination of
Mr. Monroe's administration, when I be
came Vice President, as the period from
which to make the selection. That may
be fairly regarded as the point of lime in
our political history which marks the end
of an old and the commencement of a new
order of things, in the midst of which we
still are. From that to the present time
is a period of eighteen years, being mor e
than half of that in which I have been in the
service of the Union. During the whole
I took a prominent and responsible part
on all important questions. Such was my
leading motive for selecting the period I
did from which to make the compilation.
There were oihers of a subordinate char
acter which had their influence.- It was
the portion of my public life in regard to
which information (as I believed) was most
desired. I infer so, among other reasons,
from the fact that the applications I have
received for copies of my speeches were
almost exclusively confined to it. There
was another still stronger. Itisthe peri
od in which my speeches and other publi
cations contain my mature and settled
opinions on the principles and policy ol
the Government adopted afier long expe-
rience and much reflection, which have
modified, or changed, if you prefer, in ma
ny particulars, my earlier and less matured ;
impressions. About the commencement!
of the period, my mind settled down
the views of the principles and policy of
the Government I now entertain, and to
which I have ever since adhered, regard- j
less td personal consequences and uninflu-!
enced by party considerations; thus giving!
the strongest proof possible of my deep
conviction both of their truth and vital in
put nice. By them I desire to be judged,
and by them to stand or fall.
Guided by these motives, 1 compiled
the volume in the first instance exclusively
torn that period; but afterwards yielded to
the persuasion of friends, against my judg
ment, lo include the speech already refer
red to, delivered in 1811. They urged it
upon the ground that it was my first eflott
in Congress and on a subject of lasting inter
est, it was desirable it should be inserted,
although a departure from the principle on
h' h the volume was compiled.
li it even within this period a selection
became necessary to effect the object in
view. To publish all my productions on
P'dit cal subjects during the period would
make the volume still too bulky and ex
pensive to be acceptable to the gcmral
mass of readers. Here, again, the leading
reason which governed me in selecting the
period, governed also in making the selec
tion lor the compilation. It is accordingly
full on the subject of banks, sub-Treasury,
curivney, tariff, distribution, State rights,
and the principles ami policy which should
control in the administration of the Gov
ernment. Those which discussed subjects
of a u.oro isolated character were for the
most part omitted. Hut, after the compil
ation was first made within these res ric
tious, the work was thought to be still
too bulky, and many were struck from
it which it would have been desirable to re
tain.
Such are the facts in reference to the
compilation. They show conclusively
that the charge of suppresion against it, is
entirely unfounded as that of fraudulent
imposition against the title. The very
charge is absurd. How could the speeches
be destroyed or concealed? They are to
be found not only in the files of the Intel
ligencer, but in those of many other jour
nals and publications of the day, where
they are just as safe and as open to inspec
lion as if placed among.the public records.
To'altempt to keep them from the pubuc
eye would only cause them to be more
greedily sought alter. The very speeches
you have published, as if they were new
and unknown to the public, are the very
ones which havtt been republished divers
times, and have again and again been re
p -atedly referred to in Congress, in politi
cal harangues, and by newspapers; and that
for l he very purpose for which you now
republish them. They are the very last
which any one who was base enough lo re
suit to a fraud would think of concealing.
Hut why spak of them as being suppress
ed when they are referred to in the biogra
phical sketch lo which you allude, and
which it would seem from its index, was
intended to be included in the work? A-
gain, why speak of them as suppressed
when all the speeches which I made du
ring the war to rouse and animate the coun
try to ihe defence of its rights and honor,
and to sustain the burden and privations of
the vvar wiih fortitude, and which are now
unanimously applauded, are in the same
predicament except one? Are they, too,
suppressed or designedly concealed?
Why, indeed, should I attempt to con
ceal them, or any of my early speeches not
contained in the volume, even those which
contain opinions different from those I now
entertain? What is there about them that
1 should repudiate them? Do they not
breathe lofty sentiments and devoted at
tachment to country, and evince foresight
and firmness? Werethey not applauded
by the Republican party at the time?
And are they not now eulogized by you and
other political opponents? Why, then,
should I be ashamed of them, or cast them
away because they contain opinions in sev
eral particulars which now, after more than
a quarter of a century, I do not approve?
Should 1 be ashamed to acknowlege that I
have lived to improve, and have had the
sense to see and the firmness to corrrect
errors? No; I am far from repudiating
these, my more youthful efforts. Their ve
ry errors lean to the side of the country.
They belong to the times, and grew out of
ardent feelings of patriotism. The danger
which then threatened the country was from
.tbroad. The overthrow of Napoleon was
followed by a combination of the great
sovereigns of Europe, called the Holy Al
liance. Its object was hostile to popular
Governments, and it threatened to turn its
power against this continent in order to
suppress the free states which had sprung
out of the old Spanish possessions. There
was then no knowing at what moment we
might be involved in a contest far more ter
rific than that which had just terminated.
It was in this state of things that Congress
was called.on to settle the peace establish-
menij on the termination of the late war
with England. My attention was intently :
turned to what I believed to be the point ol
danger; and I was anxious to put the coun
try in a condition lo meet whatever might
come. The opinions I expressed in refer
ence to mauufatuies, internal improve
ments, and a permanent system of revenue,
kept co!isia;itl y in view my leading object
prep ira ion for defence s much so as
what I then said in reference, to ihe army
the military academy, and the; navy, aslh
speeches themselves show.
The danger from without fortunately
pass- cl away, and tli.it from within began to
discloe ilseif. I was not slow to see the
strong tendency the Government was ta
king towards consolidati tn, and that many
of the means which I had regarded as ne
cessary to defend against extern! danger,
outrihti ed not a little to increie the dan
ger within. That led lo a reinvestigation,
and that to the modification or change of
opinion which look piace.
So far from casting away or desiring to
conceal or kee, out of view m eaily sp e
dies, 1 have long intended to colle t and
publisn them. I ee you promise to pub
lidi freely from them. You cannot do me
a greater favor, and I hope you will not
halt till yon have r -published all. I was
so careless as to negle-t to preserve copies
of my speeches or ntner publications prior
to my election as Vice President Since
then I have been more careful. Your re
publication will giee me copies in a much
more convenient' form than that of manu
sci ipts, and save me much time and trouble
in collecting and some little expense for co
pying. I shall preset ve carefully the two
contained in the Intelligencer sent by my
friend, and I shall take care to get such
others as you may publish.
Let me. in conclusion, say, I wish you
to understand that I make no complaint
So far from it, I fed rather obliged to you
than otherwise, lie your motives what they
may, you have afforded me an opportuni
ty of giving an explanation made necessa
ry by the awkward manner in which the
volume has been introduced to the public,
and in which I have been conpelled to
state much that ought to have appeared in a
preface to the volume.
With respect, I am, &c.
J. C. CALHOUN.
The armed occupation of Florida.
The Florida Herald of the 1 7th insatnt
says: The whole number of permits ta
ken out at the Land Officeat St Augustine
up lo the I4th instant, was 217: and from
the late-t information received from the
office at Newnanville, the number taken
was near 700, and about 100 applications
were then pending, it is, therefore, proba
ble that the number now actually issued
from that office mut be near, if not more
than S00. The applications have actively
increased at the St Angust'n e office, with
in a few days, and the same must have
been the case at Newnansville; so that we
may now estimate ihe number of permits
taken at 1.000; a sudiciehtly clear indica
tion that the whole 200.000 acres of hnd
will be taken up and that the law itself
need not remain long in force or require
the suspension of the law by the President
East Florida will, under this law, acquire
a permanent population, ere the expiration
of the present year, of upwards of six thou
sand to be added to that which existed pie
vious to t lie pas-age of the act."
Arrest of an English Forger. The
Philadelphia Chronicles siys, that William
G. Knight, a member of the London Bar,
who, in January. 1841, forged several bills
of exchange, amounting to $27,000, for
which he obtained the money, and fled to
Scotland and subsequently to this country,
has been arrested in Iowa, by officer
Young, of Philadelphia. Ninety-one of the
forged bills of exchange, uttered and passed
by Knight, are in this country, and it be
hooves the public to be on their guard
against any future action of one of the most
adroit and consumma'e swindlers that ever
landed on our shores.
j9 Converted Seminole Husti-coluc-ehee,
a converted Seminole Indian, is pre
ching at Heading. Pa., to large audiences,
in the German Reformed Church. Tha
Gazette states that he is a nephew of Osce
ola, the late celebrated Florida warrior,
whom he is said to resemble very striking
ly; is about 19 years of age: tall, stout, and
altogether of a fine appearance. He speaks
English well, uses simple language, and is
graceful in his gestures. It is his intention
to return to his ttibe, as a Missionary of
the Gospel.
Another Washington Monument.
The New York papers speak of a monu
ment to be erected in that city to the mem
ory of Washington. --A description of it is
given: The upper lookout will be 400
feet from the base, making the whole
height from the top of the crotch of the
pinnacle 425 feet. The estimated cost ol
this magnificent structure is not to exceed
400,000. This sum is to be raised by
contribution of one dollar .nd upward
f.om fie people of the United Stales."
Extraordinary LonGevit?. Mrs. -lizabeth
Housp. died ai her lesidence in
Tradclphia, Virginia, on' the 27th ulL
having .iit-ined the extraordinary Re f
1 10 years. Sh was born near Annapolis,
Md.. were she resided until 178, when
she removed to Jeffrson count, Virginia
where she remained tii.til the spitngof 1804.
Sue then,- in company with her son-in-law,
Mr L'i nford. removed to Kentucky, and
in the fall of the same year went to Ohio
County, Virgiiva, were she has resided
ever since until the day of her death.
Iron HtfiLD'NGs A correspon
dent of the London Times, says buildings
of cast iron are daily increasing, at a pro
digious rate in England. A whole house
i to be heated by a single stove in the
kitchen. A three s'ory house containing;
twelve rooms is to cosl only about $5000.
It may be taken to piec s a;id temoved io
another place ai an expense of ab ut ?2
Dkath for want ok Food The Mo
bile Register has a report of a coroner's ju
ry upon the death of a female, named Mrs
Ann Land. She was a poor widow, in
bad health, having a sickly child of five of
six years of ag; both at them, it is suppo
rt d. having suff-red from the want of pro
per food, as well as from exposure The
noor woman, it applied, had slept tha
flight previous in an old mill in the lower
part ol the city, and het stomach wa found,
on examination, quite empty. When she
reached the house at which she died, w.ii
unable to articulate distinctly, and had
been there -but a short time before she fell
from i.er seal and expired.
From Upper Mississippi. The editor
of the St. Louis New Era has been shown
a let'erfrom Mr. Miller, agent fr the li
nked Statts at Council Bluffs, giving a full
detail of the battle bet ween several hundred
of the Sioux and the Pawnee Loups at the
village of the latter. The battle commenc
ed early in the morning and lasted until
12 M. the great object of the assailing
party to get possession of the horses bVh.na
ing to the Pawnees, and of the latter to
protect them". It is said that 300 horses
were taken by the Sioux, and about 40
were shot down. The Pawnees are said
to have lost many lives by venturing from
their lodges for the purpose of securing
scalps whenever. they saw a Sioux Indian
fail. They thus became marks for theif
enemies, and were shot down whenever
they appeared in view. The number of
Sioux Indians killed is not known; the
Pawnees represent that then were "plen
ty." Both parties carried off their dead.
The official despatch does not state how
many of the Pawnees were killed, but it is
ascertained that the number was forty six
Had it not been fr assistances rendeied
by another band of Pawnees, the loss of
life would have been greater.
It is said that the several bands of the
Pawnees were lo meet in council, to deter
mine what should be done in order to pro
tt-ct themselves from their enemies. The
Sioux manifested a hostile disposition to all
ih tribes in that quarter; and they can on
ly be secured against their incursions by;
the locations of one or two military posts
to keep diem in check.
Exemplary Damages. In the case of
Maria F. Swank vs John B Zimmerman,
tried in the Supreme Court of this county
on the 25th inst., the jury, after an absence
of about two hour, returned a verdict of
S54,00o damages for the plantiff; it was an
action of slander. - In the Common Pleas
the plaintiff recovered $5,000 damages,
from which the Defendant appealed to the
Supreme Conrt. The Plaintiff is a young
lady about 15 years of age, arid the Defen
dant a wealthy man residing in Hocking:
county. Upon the bringing in the verdict
the Plaintiffby her counsel remitted $2,000
the amount s e had put in the bill. It is
the most extraordinary case of exemplary
damages for defamation of character ever
tried iu Northwestern Ohio.
Sandusky Democrat.
Melancholy Occident We learn from
the Advertiser tht on Monday last, at
Swan Island, in Maine, Francis, a son of
Thomas H Perkins, Jr., E-q , of this cify
lost his life, instantly, by the accidental
,i;hrre of a ffun while he was setting in-
.... n- - - .
lo a boat. He was a promising youth, ana
his premature death is most deeply lamen
ted. Boston paper.
CTV'O, you are not beyond wet," as
the wight said to his better half." when she
had just fallen head and ears iu the swamp
from the footway.
:6:
fQ3tThey should paint it a sound co
or m a's the youth said when asked what
color they intended painting the churcii
tower.