'i
1
4r m.-ikr .n4fr
- "f -" j,? ."
IVholcJYb 0!6.
Tarborough, Edgecombe County , V. Saturday , Mpril 5, I $4.5.
-r v
1 a 'rDirin"TTnTrs 9
The TarbarouIi Press,
Br George Howard. Jr-
la published weekly at Two Dottars per yjm
if paid in advance or, Dollars and F, fly
Cents at the expiration of the subscription yqar.
Subscribers are at liberty to discontinue nt Any
time on ' giving notice thereof and paymgarrears
. f . ; Mill
Advertisements not exceeamg a square win
inserted at One 25oar the first insertion, and
be
25
cents for every continuance. Longer advert
se
ments at that rate per square. Court Orders
Judicial Advertisements 25 per cent-higher.
nd
d-
vertisements must be marked the number of inser-
tinna rDnnirAr. nr thAv will be continued until
otherwise directed, and charged accordingly.
' Letters addressed to the Editor must "be post
paid, or they may not be attended to.
THl5
Columbian Magazine,
FOR 1845.
Prospectus for the Second Year.
At the close of his second volume,
he
he
magazine having been commenced on the
first of January, 1 S4 1, the puousner uuu
himself irresistibly called on tq express the
satisfaction and gratitude with which he
Js been filled by the brilliant and unex
ampled success that ha attended his end ;a
vors to win the public favor. Noiwiih
' standing the difficulties, disappointmehts
- . . . . !'LI.. I-I
nd vexations that almost invanamy
Jawr the establishment of a new periodical.
in the production of which there must
the . harmonious co operation of m;
heads and many hands notwithstand
occasionally short-corn ings, especially
be
ny
"ft
in
the oictorial department, which no card
or
diligence could avert and no expenditure
pre vent, the Columbian Magazine has' gone
on steadily increasing in support and pop
ularity from the opening number, and
the unbought unsolicited testimony of
press may be received as unswayed
partiality and unbiassed by friendship.
it
he!
he
efforts of contributors and editor have bfeeh
satisfactory to the public aod accepied
a
fulfilling the promises made for themj
the commencement'of the enterprise.
at
The publisher undertook the work WitH
a firm conviction that the great city of
New York was the best and the truehom
I literature: that
notwithstanding the failure of many prelvt?
ous attempts to establish such a work; thjsre
could be no ; impossibility of success with
sufficient capital, perseverance and
he
right system of management both by p ib
lisher and editor; stimulated by this on
viction he embarked in the enterprise J,hd
he result of the first year has pioved 1
his judgment was correct.
It has long ceased to be necessary,
reasonable, that we shouM8peak of
Columbian as an experiment. At
tiat
or
he
all
events, it is now an exDei iment substanti
ally tried. We feel ourselves upon as firm
' -1 i .u I J i
a oasis as any similar journal m me woyu..
Our principle cares now regard not so
much the securing what ground we hive
gained (for we consider this sufficiently
secure) as the extension ot our sphere
action and utility not so much, even,
mere enlargement of our subscription I
as the most suitable modes of catering
. i
of
he!
st.
Tor
the. amusement (and shall we say occasion:
allv for the rjronir) ot our suoscriDers in
the present and in the futurethe many
whom we have, and the many'more we
shall undoubtedly have as time rolls on.
We have made arrangements which will
enable us to present our friends with c
bellishments of very superior taste, st
and finish. In this resnect it is our fi
rm
purpose,uf possible, tooutvie all competi
tion. Our music and ensiraVincs. we con
i
n
fidently believe, will not be equalled virry
certainly they shall not be surpassed in
real merit .lay, those of any other maga
zine. We propose to give each month
two or more superb engravings, indepen
dently of two pages of music, by the most
eminent composers, and a plate of aulhen?
tic fashions. r ; ' ; I
Regarding the literary and editorial Cpnt
duct of the Columbian, the publisher does
not feel called upon to say more than a ve
ry few words. The general management
of this department is, as heretofore, entAsf
ted to a gentleman possessing every q'uali'
fication for the task, and who has given
abundant evidence, not only of the highest
ability to put forth a meritorious magazine
but of-the ability to put forth a magazine
exactly adapted to the tastes of our readers.
The publisher, therefore, has every confi
dence that what has already been done Tor
the literary value of the journal twill
(.one again. We are perfectly willing that
ui juiurc in nils repeal Biiaii'.uc esuiiia
ted by our past. . The subjoined list
those -who have furnished articles tor
of
he
Columbian during the by-gone year will
satisfy, we feel assured, the most fastidious
that we are resolute to spare in no partibu
r neither exertion or expense.
Mrs L H Sigourney T S Authur
Mrs Kirkland
H P Graitan :
Mrs A S Stephens
Mrs FS Osgood
Mrs EO Smith
Mrs A C Mowatt
Mrs E F EUet
The Author of
he
'Widow of B
ru-
'-gess" " v--H
T Tuckerman
James F Olii-
Mrs M StLeon Loud Robert L Wade
VI rs J G Brooks
S D Patterson
E S Gould
Seba Smith
T S Fay
C Fenno Hoffman
C D McLeod
Win H Willis
Walter Whitman
Rev F C Wood worth
Isaac F Shephard
T B Read
Wm O Bourne
R G White
Mrs J Hull
Mrs M P Hunt
Mrs H Li'ghthipe
VI rsC H Butler
Mrs E C Embury
Mrs Gary
Mrs E R Steele
VI rs M A Erying
MissJVI L havvson
MisstJolman
Miss Isabel Jocelyn
Miss M Russell
Miss Emily E Chub-H A Clark
buck C Wilkins Eimi
Miss L M Brauner E J Porter
Miss F Forester E Parmly ,
Miss M G Quincy "H Myers
Author of "Summer M C Hill
F'rolicking"
J K Paulding
Wm C Bryant
Fitz G Halleck
M E Wilson
J Boughton
C McLachlan
Wm Russell Jr
E A Poe
The Author ofTime's
John Neal
Doings'
A M Ide Jr
O G Warren
Augustus Snod grass
r j T Head ley
F L Hugadorn
H B Hirst
Henry W Herbert
H H Weld
Park Benjamin
Wm Cox
Geo VV Kendall
H S Schoolcraft
With the lid of these contributors, (of
whom it is needless to say one word in the
way of commendation.) and of numerous
others; perhaps equally meritorious if less
celebrated, 'who nave promised us theii
support, we flatter ouiselves that, as a liter
ary work, the Columbian need be under no
apprehension of being excelled.
But; what we have done is already be
fore the public, who will not fail to judge
us with impartiality ;and in respect to what
we intend to do, it will be both wiser and
more becoming (allho' less fashionable) not
to boast. 'We may be permitted to assure
our friends in brief, however, that we have
matured numerous plans (for the third vol
ume) with which we ft el confident they will
be pleased. It is bur purpose to put forth
every energy ; and it will be no faulj of our
own if"the Columbian shall not be found at
least equal 'to any magazine, of any class
or price, in America.
DEALERS PERIODICALS
throughout the United States and the Ca
nadas who wish to become agents for the
Columbian Magazine will please apply to
the publisher immediately. The usual dis
count will be made to them.
(3Edi tors who will insert this Pros
pectus; and send a copy marked and addres
sed to the Columbian Mag;izine, shall have
acopy sent to them for one year.
Terms of the Columbian Magazine.
One copy one year in advance, $3
One copy two years, 5
Two copies one year, 5
Five do do : 10
Eight do ! do 15
Eleven do do 20
Address, post paid,
ISRAEL POST, 3 Astor House, N.Y.
A FRESH supply of Peters' Pills just
received and for sale by r
r GEO. IJOfVJiRD.
Tarboro, July 19,
APPROVED
Patent Jllcdicines.
G6eltcke,s Matchless Sanative, for the
cure of Consumption, coughs, colds, &c.
pompound Chlorine Tooth Wash, for
preserving the teeth -from decay, project
ing theRums, &c
I)r. MciVair's ,?couslic Oil, a certain
cure for deafness.
Spohn's Jfgue and Fever Pills, a nev
er failing remedy if taken according to di
rections which accompany them.
Dr. Phelps's celebrated tomato Pills.
Prolessor Vesrjrini's specific' Pills, for
the cure of diseased urinary organs attend
ed with' a discharge, &c.;
Judkins Specific Ointment, for the
cure of. white swelling, sore legs, felons,
chilblains tetterseruptronsi &c.
Roach and bed bug bane, an effectual
antidote against these noxious insects.
ConditionPowders, for the cure of yel
low water, botts, worms, &c. in horses. ;
iBullaroTs Oil Soap, for cleansing coat
collars, woolen, linen and, cotton goods,
from spots occasioned by grease, paint, tar,
varnish and - oils of every -description
without injury to the finest goods. Jt also
possesses very healing and penetrating
qualities, and is used? with perfect safety
for bathing various, external complaints
unon man or. beast. i s ; - ' ' 'iJzl
F Forsale by , . GEQ. WfiR&
'i Tarboro Junev1844. . U . st
CpMlables' Blanks for sale,
i?iPg iPi1fijl.l-'
1 . - i . " " " 1 1 1
SUBSTANCE OF A SPEECH
Delivered by Henry I. Toole, at the
Court House in fVushington, Beau
fort county 9 on the 5th j of March,
1845. -
(continued from last No.)
And, gentlemen, I shall begin with a
subject which has not heretofore, engaged
half the attention it deserves. 1 1 mean the
suhiect of Retrenchment of the vubUc ex
j - - - r .
prnditures. This is a matter much talked
of before elections, and! little! afterwards
Nevertheless, I introduce it first immedi
ately after election. The party out of
power are always fond of talking of re
trenchment, but are very apt tb forget it as
.oon as ihev rt in. Now. gentlemen. I
belong to the party in power,
J O " U
. . -I'll .
Still, 1 give
to this subject a uaramount
importance.
Who that hs watched the gigantic strides
which the federal government has made in
the way ot expenditure, until irom tne
simple government it was- in the days of
Washington arid Jefferson, it hasqverstrode
the land like a colossus, can fail to. be
awakened to the importance of the ques
tions? If Gen. Washington could rise from
his tomb with the recollections of his own
lime fresh about him, and examine the stu
pendous fabric of lavish expenditure which
has since grown up, approaching, nay
greatly exceeding some of -the s costliet
-I'll. I" L t a B-k.i4 AM Z 4- I rl
monarcmesoi cjurope, ins py r V TWUI"
shrink back to the grave in alarm for the
purity of those institutions which .he built
up. A deceased friend of mine Hon. C.
Shepardlonce observed to me that the great
est lesson which he had learned Irom his
studies on government was that the cheap
est government is the best. Tfie remark
is true in its general scope. kxpendilure
public is the parent of corruption. It is
the teaching of history, and should be an
elementary principle in political philoso
phy. AH rich governments are corrupt; &
in time they will corrupt manyof the people.
1 should be ashamed to say how manyof the
servants of the people at Washington are
in my opinion influenced in their action
there, b hopes of high salaries abroad and
at home. 1 proceed to submit- to you
some facts and figures on this headi for
which 1 am indebted chiefly to Report
on this subject, made to the Senate of the
U. S. at the 1st session of the XXllIth
Congress.
It might be supposed that the regular ex
pendittires of Government should bear
some proportion to the- growth of the na
tion, and 1 shall therefore set down the
population at the several periods of taking
the census, ana tne annual expenunure
each of those periods:
at
Years. Population.
In 1790 (3,929,827
in 180O 5,305,941
In 1810 7,239,814
In 1820 9,838,191
In 1S.S0 12,867,020
In 1840 17,069,423
Expendit's
$ i, 9 19,590
7,411,370
5,31 1,052
13.134,530
13,299,533
28.226,533
At each of these periods the country was
in a slate of peace, and the sums expended
are exclusive of the public debt! growing
out of the orevious wars.-
I he Treasurv being that branch whose
province it is to collect the public revenue,
and to control the accountaDiiity oi puouc
offip.ei s. would seem to render it highly ex
nedient and Drooer that it should illustrate,
in its own administration, the principles of
that intelligent and practical economy.
which would be desirable in all the depart
ments of the Government.
In this department the number of per
sons emDloved in 1828 was 1,570, of whom
423 were em ployed in the department
proper, the expenses of which amounted to
253,932 25; and 1,147 of whom were
employed in the collection of the revenue,
at an expense of $889, 629 20. t I
In 1836, the number employed was 1,
923of.whom 356 were in the department
whose expenses, were, 312,302 3a; and
t" fi7.of,whom were in. the revenue ser
vice, at an expense of JS1,397,469U0. v '
i ifia(l'thf number emnloved was 2,-
4 33, 1 o fw ho m 50 9 were in the department,
whose expenses were 35373,370. uo; iyw
of: whom were in the revenue ; service,
whose cost was 1,542,319 24.; f J
in iK42. the number employed was 3,-
373 of w Horn '569 were in the departmerif,
vhose expenses were 554 1 8,485 ! 25 arid ly
934 of whorn were in revenue i service,
whose:ost .was lli45S,442 .58.:. 4 f ; ;
i a rfxrarri the clerks and other persons
employed under the direction of the, Sute
Uepartment, it appears, wiw uicrc wc. iu
I82?, 25j in! 1836,22; in 1850, 38 , and
in 1843, 74-, Comment ; upon these facta
-nit
It appears that the number: of ministers,
charges, consuls, commercial agents, and
other persons engaged in the' foreign inters
course of the United States, were as fol
lows: ' ' ". ' ' ' ' ' ' '
In 1828 - : - - 141
In 18J6 - - - 175,
In 1840 - r - 189 .
In 1814 - . - 271
In h ppsr l fts thr wfr 255 Derions
a.. . . w j . wvw " - t .
in the employment, of the War. Depart
ment, and the cost ol its support was oo,-
953: in 1836 there were 345, and the cost
was Sl33,25i; in 1840 there were
565,"
and the cost ws 35145,063; and in 1848
i here were 903 persons, and cost was
1 35.738.
Navy The average annual expenditures
for this branch of ihe public service during
i he four last administrations of the Govern
ment, were as follows: t
Under Mr. Adams adminis'n $3,862,662
Under Gen'I Jackson's 3,986 375
Under Mr. Van liureu's 6,868,671
Under Mr. Trier's, 7,331,845
In the Judiciary department of the Gov
ernment: there were in 1628 one hundred
and sixiyfive judges and other officer;
and the expense ,ot that es'.aousnmeni in
that vear was 256. 175. In T836 there
were 202 persons employed, and the cusi
was S47 1,756; and in 184 mere were
289 persons employed, at an expense ol
575.966. The rate of increa.-e from
182S would therefore appear to be -in
1836, for persons 22 per cent., and for ex
peae 37 per cent.; in 1810, lor person
37 per cent., and for expense 84 per cent.;
aod in 1842 the inci ease off persons over
those of 1828 was 43 per cent., while the
intreaste in the expeuses amounted to 124
per cent. The reason tor this -'"dispropor
tionate increase in the expense of the Ju
diciary establishment does not appear al-
though it may possibly be satisiacioiiiy ac
counted, for. .
In the General Post Office there .were
employed in 1828 ihirty-nine clerks and
other persons at an expense of 55,270
73: itv 1836 one hundred persons, at an
expense of 141,647 78; in 1W0 one hun
died and thiity-two persons, at an expense
of 155,863 34; and in 1842 there WerV
153 persons, at an expense of 101,455
79. .
In the Debartmerit of Stale, the rate o
increase of persons employed lriim 1828 to
1813 is 196 per cent. ;
In the Treasury DepaHmen.1 58 per
cent.; ; .. , ...
In the War Department 67 per cent;
In the Navy Department, 68 per cent.;
In the Judiciary, 75 per cent. ;
In the nriuters emoioved by the Uovern-;
ment. 571 Der cent ;
In various employments not attached to
deoartments. 755 Der cent; (the entne
number of whom in 1828 was 9, and in
1843 amounted to 77:1
In the Post Office Department 170 per
cent. ;
Mr. Toole here exhibited a table show-
ini the eXDenditures of the General Gov
ernment under the several heads of public
service from 1792 to lc43. tie comment
ed on various items, and especially on the
aMtonishins fact that the total of expendi
ture had risen from 9,141,569 67 in 1792,
to 32,936,876 53 in 1843. n tie next ex
hibited a table of annual expenditures in
the Legislative Department, shewing some
very singular facts, particularly thai the
contingent expenses of the House of Rep
resentatives had risen from 37,000 in
1817, to 263,296 67 in 1842.
Who can doubt after these exhibits, that
federal expenditure has increased; is" in
creasing, and ought to bediihinished?"
There is a fault 1 will not impute it par
ticularly to either party : ttho: froni the
fondness of the old federal party for a splen
did government, it might be supposed that
little fault would lie 5 at the doors of the
Democratic party. The truth is that the
fault is on both sides: and the cause of it
may be found in that very bad General ol
whom my Whig Iriends complain so much
General Apathy. Abuses have been
permitted annually to grow up under plaiu
sible pretences: every demand on - the
Treasury has .'a plausible ground! so that
perhaps General Plausibilty, who belongs
to no side, is as much to lauit as ueneral A-
DilBculi as it is to resist these conktant
demands for increased expenditure,4 it is
much more difficult to correct them when
once established; ? Precedent' is pleaded ;
always the strongest argument, of political
error l ake an example: a puoiiCfexi
gency, or ' supposed '-public v exigency dei
mands, or is supposea - to uemana a new
jgimenr in', the army.; it ia order
edi -l"he exigency passes-f It u proposed
to reduce itr hat! (says the friend ol
the army ) disband these poor oGcers and
soldiers, who have abandoned their pr6fef
siona anafi larms, K?o ssfye ? inei pqp?
is-" ' kn'd aftert" servinrt ftheireouiitrt,
m.t them back ohUheir ufivalei resburciU
Monstrous! ;all neraiioiii:Will stigmttil
the ingratitude ot U epubl icsy Mi"
... y. w
might be J soft headed Congrecsmi'n; ;1cry
true; I had no hand in -raisingr thisirc-i-meut
; but I ha ven't the heart - to , disband
thee devoted patriots' ivho hayei Ciervtd
the r country M--for their pay t he m1hrt
add. - - ' :f t:- ' -
A ud jhus it is that abuse after ' sbu3
established: One eiror, or alleged error c
eusesanother. ... i; - . ) -m ,
MThe Autean stable must be cleansed.'
Thut we are informed, was one of " the la
bors of HerculeJ';?.-'ram''.h6.ftHefcu'tcv''''
if I sit in the next Congress, I shall make
this subjectrmyhieftudys 4 Entertain
no doubt that every -department o! exptnai-
. a : X
Lure may be salety na-materraiiyreoucea.
l'here are two ways: 1st t By reducing the
u umber oi, employees, now amourntin to
more thanoc hunarea .jnousana. l:,
Hv reduciiiif the oav.oi thoSe retained. A .o
are daily ad momshed that the salaries pVid
by the lederal iiovernmeni: are; too if r .
by the constant pressure on the Govtrr-
ment ltr office. i ne proper remeoy s
reduce the salaries to just the amount vt
men of the same average capacities, and
ing the same amount ol labor, can esrn ,
pi I vale employments. 'I his is a fajr'rr.
and il it was adopted, precisely -armw;r -deniand
would- exist for publ- ?P;lo.yr
meats, as exists Jn every othr rnct) of
industry. j--'-'' , t
l o this wdrk of Retrenchment i shorn i
go with a heat-tier good will, beufe 1 f v
satisfied that Norili CaroUna f; - nn: 1
full ssjaie in the .public charge,,! not
joyed hei ; proper share pf the fus
penditure. .1 his assertion isyenr r
entire confidence in its C v
look, however to see this cprret : . - T
Polk who istoo worthy, a soti p ; -
his mother. It is true that many .itl
our btate have risen lo high profi abl
ploymeni ; but to do so they .ayCexpU
ted themelves; I hope to procure oc
lable fxhihitinir the comnkjative ,shil..
of North Carolina v in. ::iheSe.r-cadiiuT-
f falsely called patronaitel. of .-nhu
i .ot-en unen i: and it shaiL be laid.
edf before the people, j 1 will coi;U.i. n:
elf at present vviih the single re rriii kf i
in the old 3d i ongresional District, r.
person, aliho' the District abounds in ' '
has ever received aii appoiotatieht tp
fice out of the' District, except the JI n.
W. Clark of Kdgecombe, who .c :
time held the office of Chief trT-rfe :Ja.
vy Department 4';? -.:- .
Iwill next notice HUbjec, non.:4;
peculiar interest for the people fcf;
gion, and which seems atrartgelyrijtc
escaped notice. 1 mean the.forjs "
or taxesimposed on the freat --".
thia District, namely, Nafa! btcre: -..
Foreign Tuxes on North Carolina . .
and Turpentine, and theirrnahi;: -tares.
- ,
I consider this a matter of very r
importan ce to the people of this - Du trl
I deem it the first duty of f Mem.bsr -t
Congress to attend to the peculiar imcK .
of hisconstituents; This, is teargettt in
terest of those I offer to represent, j It m
be pleasanter for a member to discuri tLa
thread bare topics of Bank and Tariffvan'l
the like; but that is every bolyV-businei r
Those questions Interest the whole Unr
The matter 1 have mentioned intcresitto
small jportibnjjof the iMPB-Jf.
North Carolina araost alone; and' it iiill.
ests sronglyf onlytwodistrictsof our Stat?,
viz: the Wilmington Uistrtet5 ahti thi.
Ours,1 'I believe, is the largest tfavfcl Stc . )
District in the United SistesK Ny ; slirri
inthe world, perhaps' of the same' extent,
produces iHe same a m ou lit n ' Vet t his fi
interest ot the District f has been? o . -looked.
V do not mean ioublaxria 7
body in particular. . "Y :"-'r
In this inurn rWashlnfffonl the manuf-r
lure of Naval Stores is alreaify1 the
department of; industry. 0(h Nel - ;
know le;ss, but I am infbrnried' that i il
largeand growing interest If is a idj:
interest in the four largest counticj cf thij
District, and an important one in fcui "fcibreV
I am informed bv an ablrrierchaht cf Ll n
town, thatlhe valuerof' lheJ shinmcntr 1
Naval Stores from this pdrf aidne,- M at ;z
OdiOdO'pera'houm::7 .hsl;:fr'
' Now this is a TerV KeaVy ; IAUrc;tJ"cd o w
peculiar Inierttl'hlt-b'lrpropoi?' '
is a fair question and i ahswef it. fairly.
propose to dra w the attention of lbs" C I
Drpaitment . our Foreign 'Minister I -uroDrietv
bf urcine oh the forernn Con. ..-
ment at whose Courtrihey reside,, a rr
duction of taxes on -the various rti!J. un
der the head of; Naval J Stores. v: V:
t he same mo vemeut wis made by r; J
iter of f Maryland jnrensrtl io ihz 1
bacco interest5 it has aircsajru t-x j
i m portent resiil is, and wl 11 lcid-ttr;b : ; :.
.... r. . j - ? . . .
rhe'Dniisn noverncteni nssrentr-: .--
ccd ttf materially its xzzzi en: . Ic::: " : I ,
Pnrk & other provisions. o "rrcitlv ii '
hanceUhe prufif-of AAVestbrnr : Arrisslr: . .
Uur interests nave been overtook zz
abbut it
matter bastaaarsd my attentic zz :
tZfetzfrll 1 repent yctftiyv;!:t-;::