ilii LllliUiS lULiU .
lit
wcn.TESDAT, uir.ni c:. s;4t.
'HIGHLY IMPORTANT FROM TOE ARMY
GREAT BATTLE, '
. twit a n CJATmir t ni
Ala-SX.A.t
decisive riCTOir or ek. tjtlor
.. r iorE&' SJtSTJ --JNXi ! !
The groalar P,rt f following "citing Intel-
' ligence received here on Monday morning
from the South, ami u extra containing it waa it-
teed from lhU office. ' Yesterday! mail brought
.Ativ'i fata imwntl. which wiH Kjl fiiiful in
the extracts from the New Orleans Picayune of the
y '
4tb fast. ,: '
, From the Xctt Or leant Picayune of North 3d.
- LATEST FROM THE ARMY.
; OUR ARMS AGAIN VICTORIOUS!
Bj the Schr. Jno. Bell, Capt Noyes, at the S,
- W. Pass, we have received the following glorious
and important intelligence from the Anriy under Gen.
' Tajlor, who' fought the enemy on the 22d and 83rd
of February, and the following memoranda, for
. which we are indebted to Lieut. J, J. Bibb, is an ac
count of the action:
Dr. Turaer, U. S. A.', who arriTed at Matamoras
en the 9th lost, from Monterey, brought the glori
ous intelligence of another brilliant victory over
the Mexican army. The scene of action was Buena
Vista, a hacienda about six miles West of Saltillo.
The fighting commenced on the 82d February, and
ended on the 23d Santa Anna retiring to Agua
Nueva, a distance of ten miles,.leaving four thou.
sand killed and wounded upon the field. Santa
" Anna's Adjutant General, and many other officers
and men are prisoners. The loss on our part was
even hundred killed and wounded. Santa Anna's
force amounted to at least fifteen thousand men.
That of General Ta vlor to about fire thousand men,
,almost entirely volunteers. His army is composed
of Washington's, Bragg's, and Thomas's batteries
of Artillery, one squadron of the 1st, and one of the
3d Dragoons ; the Arkansas and Kentucky Cavalry;
s brigade of Illinois, and one of Indiana Volunteers;
the 1st Mississippi, and 2d Kentucky regiments,
and one company of Texas Volunteers. Dr. T.
brought a list of sixty-three officers killed and
wounded. .
Gen. Taylor's official despatch has probably been
Intercepted. Col. Morgan's command arrived safe
ly at Monterey, having been reinforced by a de
tachment ,t Monterey.
I left in Such haste that I was unable to obtain a
copy, but recollect among the killed, Capt. Lincoln,
Assistant Adjutant U. S. ., Colonel Yell, Arkan
sas cavalry, Capt Moore, Adjutant Vaughn, andg3
others (not named) of the Kentucky cavalry, Lieut.
Col. Clay, Col. MeK.ee, Capt Willis, 2d Kentucky
infantry ; Col. Hardin and Maj. Gorman, Illinois
brigade, many of the Indiana regiment, several ef
the Mississippi regiment, and two Lieutenants of
vTexas volunteers. Among the wounded, I remem
ber Gen. Lane, Col. Jefferson Davis, 1st Misssip
pi regiment, Capt: Stein, 1st U. S. dragoons, Capt.
Conner, Texas volunteers, Lieutenants S. G. French
and O'Brien, U. S. artillery, Lieut. Barbour, 2nd
Kentucky infantry, Lieut Corwin, 1st Mississippi
regiment, and Lieutenant Whiteside, of the Indi
ana brigade.
Col. Curtis, of Ohio, with one company (Capt
Hunter's) of the 2d U. S. Dragoons, his own reg
iment, one of Indiana volunteers, the Virginia regi
ment, and I think some Texas Rangers, in all aboat
3000 men, was about tc leave Camargo to attack
Gen. Urrea, who is said to be about thirty miles
south of that placewith an army of 4000 to 5000
men, principally rancheros. He is believed to
have with him only 1500 hundred regular troops.
A great many, if not all of these rancheros, as
soon as they hear of the discomfiture of Santa An
na, will disperse, and the gallant colonel will no
doubt obtain the victory. The news from above
proves that the various reports which had before
been received of Gen. Taylor's retreat upon Monte
rey, and the advance of a large force to attack our
depots at Brasos and the mouth of the Rio Grande,
to be untrue. Of the defences at the month of the
river, I know nothing, but hare been told that they
are sufficient to make a strong resistance.
We have been under arms for three days past,
expecting an attack from the enemy. This
morning we received the glorious intelligence of
the defeat of San is Anna. After having intercept
ed be despatches of Maj. Gen. Scott, the hero
ol Panuco held an open hand; he knew of the
withdrawal of most of our regular force from the
alley of the Rio Grande, and by making a forced
march with a host of hii veterans to attack old
'Rough and Ready," he fully calculated orrjreap
ing the honor and applause doe to the first explain
of the age. . Aut alas! for his glory; Old Zach
tripped him of his baubles.
' The fortifications at the Brazos, with the force
of artillery and persons in the quartermaster's
Euiptvjf wiiii ii tyoii w ainvu spss m gauisvuiit to
sufficient to drive back a command of at least
2500 or 3000 Mexicans.
The' work, which maybe technically termed
a continued line, encloses all the quartermaster's
and commissary's store in depot. The parapet is
formed of barrels of damaged, commissary stores,
Vuh' sand bgs for the superior slope; the
sand from s ditch in front thrown up against the
barriers, forms the exterior slope. The arma
ment of lite fort consists of four pieces of artille-
ry two 12 dnd 2 six poundeia, in barbette
which sweep the fort and cross their fires upon
.L.i I -I.:. . .i.:-u .1 i.i i..
turn icrci jjhiu wiiiuii mo enemy wuuiu ue
compelled to advanee, and aboat 300 muskets to
ine the parapet. This was thrown op when
so attack was daily expected. Nothing having
reached u from Gen. Taylor for many days, ws
believed him surrounded, as was reported, and
gave some degree of credit to the rumor of the
advance of a large force upon our depots.
- After waiting three or four days, anxiously ex
nesting the approach of the enemy, we received
the glorious news above understood, of course,
that the battle of Brazos Sanlhgo was "no go,"
and whea I sailed, the artillery of fort Harney,
instead of mowing down the Mexicans, was peal
ing forth 1 1 salute m honor of old ''Rough and
Ready" and his gallant little army at Buena Vista,
t We annex 8aola Anna's own account of the
action of Buena Vista, and translated for the
Tampieo Sentinel, We have the original Span
Jah account iii our possession.
Ca jea Baaiu Vista, Fb. 23, 1847.
rtExccllefit Sir: After two days of battle, in
which ihe enemy, with a force ol 8,000 to 0,000
men and 28 pieces of artillery, lost five of his po
sitions, 3 piece! of artillery and two flags, I have
determined to go back to Agua Nueva to provide
myself Jib provisions, not having a single bis
ruit or a grain of riee left. Tbaoks to the position
occupied bylhe I iiertl vTTie h atti et - been com
tdeU'ly beaten, but Ite left on the field about 2000
dead. Both armies hare been cut to pieces;' but
the trophies of war will give you an idea on
which Me Irishmen the advantage, We have
' t FT
t',. .: -j!ed wi.h hunger and thirst during forty
ho.. , r J if we can provide ourselves with
pro;.., i we will go again to charge the enemy.
The soldiers have done their duty and cov
ered the honor of the Mexican nation with glory.
The enemy has seen thai neither hie advan
tageous position, nor the broken nature of the
ground, nor, the rigor of the season (for it has
been ' raining during the action) eonkl prevent the
terrible charge with the bayonet, which le-ft him
terrified. 1 . , SANTA ANNA.
Private tetters from a Mexican officer say
they have lost one thousand men, and four thew
saad are in danger of disbrnding for want of sop
plies. ..... .
t Comtjimitnt of the Evening Kerewy. i
Biaxos Saktiaso. March 10, 1847.
Dr. Turner, of the army, arrived at Matamoras
from Camsrgo, on the evening of the 9th, bring,
ing the following from the army:
Fighting commenced on the 52d of Febreary
and ended on the 23d when Santa Anna retreat
ed with the lossjol four thonsand killed and
wounded. The loss on our pari, is seven
hundred killed and wounded. , The vcensof ac
tion was Buena Vista, a hacienda eboe t ire miles
west of Saltillo. ;
&snta Anna s adjutant general re s. prisoner,
with many other otiicers ami men. The express
hich brought the news to Camargo, was scot
by paymaster Biuh-r, from Monterey, and was
nine gar in getting through
A correspondent of Ihe Delia says; Oi the
23d, banta Anna began me baiHe br various
manoeuvres, altempiinff to outflank and terrify
old "Rough and Ready", Ontbetdsv the battle
as confined to skirmishing and couiinandinr ,
without much efiect on either side. In the mean
time Santa Anna had sent a large force te Tay
lor rear, but our arullery opened Hpen them
with 'great effect, aiid they were soon compelled
to withdraw. , '
On the 23d the battle commenced in real ear
nest, and raged with great violence during the
whole day. The Americans did not wait to be
attacked, but with the most daring Impetuosity
charged on (he enemy with loud huzzas, their
officers leading them most gallantly. Gerr Tay
lor was everywhere in the thickest of the fight.
He received a ball through his overcoat, but
was not injured. Adi't Bliss was slightly woun
ded at his side. Adj't Lincoln, also of the Gener
al's staff, the intrepid young officer who so dis
tinguished himself at Kesaca de la Falma, was
killed. "
The battle of the 23d lasted from early morn
till about 4 p. m., when Santa Anna drew off his
army and retired to Agua Nueva, to await a re
inlorcenient. It will be remembered that Santa Anna's cornt
de reterve, commanded by Gen. Vasquez, had
been delayed in its march, and has, no doubt.
oinrd luni a few davs after the battle. But in
the meantime his army is starving, and many of
his men are deserting. Capt. Prentiss's strong
artillery company was not in action, but had left
Monterey to join Genl. Taylor, with six cannon,
two being 8-pounders. On the 7 th March, one
of the Ohio Regiments also left Monterey to join
uen. I ay lor. it these and Capt. Prentiss' artil
lery arrive in lime, the General's heavy loss will
be fully repaired, and he will be ready to meet
Santa Anna again.
ben. laylor, at the last accounts, was still
maintaining his position, undisturbed by the en
emy.
An exchange of prisoners had taken place, and
'Old Rough and Ready's" niomixe to Col.
Marshall to gel back Cassius M. Clay ar;d his
party, by ukwg Mexican prisoners enough to
exchange for them, has been fully redeemed.
ben. wool greatly distinguished himself in
the action, and all the officers fought like heroes.
Alter the battle, Oen. laylor demanded of
Santa Anna an unconditional surrender of his
whole army, which ihe latter declined, but, in
return, required of Gen. Taylor lo surrender im
mediately., Immortal be the reply of"Old Rough
and Ready," as delivered by the gallant Lieut.
i;nltenuen 'bEJN. I AY LOR NEVER SUR
RENDERS!" Gen. Taylor occupied his ground on the 24th
and 25th without opposition.
Col. Morgan, of the Ohio Volunteers, with a
small force, cut his way through large bodies ol
armed Mexicans, and arrived at Marin, A de
tachment of three companies, under command of
Col. Geddings, was sent to his aid, and the whole
party are said to have arrived safely at Monterey.
A train of one hundred loaded wagons, (U. S.)
on their way to Monterey from Camargo, under
an escort of 300 volunteers, was captured by a
body ot Mexican cavalry, a few miles beyond
Mann: 3 men made their escapethe rest were ta
ken prisoners. A young lady, the daughter of
an American citizen living in Mexico, and return
ing home from New Orleans, where she had been
going to school, was taken with this train, her
father having been killed by tbe Mexicans. She
had escaped and arrived at Monterey in safety.
wncre her mislortunes had excited the most live-
y sympathy. The lady's name was Miss Burns.
Col. Curtis, of the Ohio volunteers, has started
on his expedition against Urrea, who was at Al-
demas, a village on the S?u Juan river, about
forty miles from Camargo. The Colonel has a
fine force of volunteers, composed of ihe Ohio
and Indiana regiments, a battalion of Virginia
volunteers, and Captain Hunter'e company pf U.
S. dragoons.
J he Mexicans have possession of Serai vo.
China, Mier, and all the towns between Camar
go and Monterey.
Major Coffee, paymaster, will carry on Gene
ral Taylor's despatches from Monterey.
ve are indebted to Col. Hunt for the follow
ing account of the killed and wounded :
Regulars. Killed. Capt. Lincoln, assist
ant adjutant general. Wounded. Captain E.
F. Stein, 1st Dragoons, severely, Captain S.
French 3d artillery, severely. Captain J. J. P.
O'Brien, 4ih artillery, slightly.
Mississippi Rifles. Killed Lieut. R. 8.
Moore and F.- McNulty. Wounded Col." J.
Davis, severely; Capt. J. M. Bharpe, severe
ly; Lieut. A. B. Corwin, slightly; Lieuts Posey,
and ntockton, slightly.
let. Kentucky Cavalry. Killed Adjutant
Vaughau. wounded one Captain, three Lieu
tenants too names given. , - ;
Arkansas cavalry. Killed Col. A. Yell and
Capt. A. Porter. W ounded Lieut S. A. Red.
der. .i. . ; - i . '
2d Kentucky Foot rifles. Killed Col. McKee
and Lt Col. II. Clay Jr.; Capt. O. W. Moore and
111 m aWt 1 1 mtrr ' W W-l M
uapt. tv. i. nuns, wounded lieuts &. o.
Barbour, Withers, and Mosier. v
Indiana Brigade, Wounded General Lane.
2d Regiment. Killed Capt's Kinder and Walk
er, and Lt. Parr Wounded Capt. Saunders and
Oaborri, and Lieuts Cayen, Pennington. Morse,
Lewis, Davis, and Epperson. 3d Regiment.
Killed tapt. Faggat, Woonded Maj. Gor
man and Capt. Sleep. -
Illinois Brigade. 1st RegimentKilled
Col. J..l.'; t)ardjn, commanding, Capt. Za
briskie ; and : Lieut. Haughton. Wounded
Lieut. J. L. McConnell end H. Adams. 2nd
Regiment. Killed Capt. Woodward t Lieuts.
Brunion, Ferguson, Fletcher, Rollins, Barthe.
on, 'Albuspn, n(j pri0e. Wounded Capt,
Coffee and Capt. Baker Lieuts. Pickett, Eng.
,icuu, , vjicci, aou (ji .ot miestao.
j Texaa Compa'ny-KilleoV-lst Lieuts! Cam o-
bell and Second Lieut. Leohbard Wounded
Capt. Conner. sir" "
From the X O. Pieayunt oflht 5 lA tilf.
Tight Daya Later U xra galllllot
Further Particukrt of the Bailie of Buena
tltla.irriial of Br. 7 urnerBetpalchet
from Col. Curtit.
Ur. Torner, bearer of despatches Irom Col. Cur
(Is, arrived here this moruine at 3 o'clock. lie
embarked at the Brazos in the sehooaer St, Paul,
on the 14ih insU, whrch vessel he left fifty miles
below the cilr last evemnr. and look pasesge in
the towboat De SotoV ; We Uarnfrom him ver
bally that is enderstood st Canwrgo that Santa
Anna has retired from Agua Nueva,in the direc
tion of Fame, where tt is supposed he would
make a halt. Gen. 'J a) lor still maintained his
position at Buena Vista. Dr. Tomer informs ue
that the news heretofore published of the battles of
the 73d and 23d may be relied upon; that it was
brought from Gen. Taylor's camp to Monterey
by Paymaster Coffee, who was bearer of des
patches from Gen. Taylor, bwt who could not
gel farther than that place with them. The des
patches were sent thence by a Mexican, who had
net got through by the last accounts. The news
received at Camargo was the substance of these
: despatches, and were brought by an express rider,
who was nine dayl in making the trip through to
Camargo, being compelled to make a circuit of
five hundred miles, to escape the Mexican forces
and rancheros that a warmed in the valley.
Nothing had been heard 6f Col. Curtis since
he reft Camargo. lt was thought that Uen.
Urrea would fly before him aa soon as he ascer
tained the overwhelming defeat of fcanta Anna.
Private letters had been received at Saltillo as
late as to the 5th March, at which time Gen.
Taylor was it Buena Vista. The following letter
wf received at Matamoros, by a Mexican mer
chant of that place, from a. Mexican pf Saltillo.
It Was dated on'the 6th March, and gives the only
aecoontof the manner in Which the battle was
fought that has yet been received;
"At 3 o'clock on the 22d nU. the battle commenc
ed at Buena Vista, five miles from Saltillo. The
right opened with artillery, and a destructive
cannonade was kept open until sunset. No de
cided advantage was obtained by either side
the toss en fcoih being very great.
"On the 23d, at 10 o'clock), the battle was
again renewed, and kept up without intermission
until half past three in the afternoon.. Both ar
mies were closely engaged during the whole
time. Gen. Wool advanced with a strong detach
ment against the Mexican armv but was driven
back with immense loss. The Mexican cavalry
charged upon him with drawn swords and did
great execution. Jit Fool fell back Oen. Tat'.
lor advanced with fresh troops and repelled the
Mexicans with gnat s(auh;er! I his charge
decided the battle, which was not again renewed.
The number killed and wounded was very great
on both aides. I can only estimate the number
by the carl load of wounded that have entered
this city from both battle fields.
"On the 24th both armies hung off without
corqing to a general engagement each occupied
in carrying oil tne wounded and burvmg their
dead. i
"After the 24th there was no more fighting
the Mexican troops famishing with hunger be
came convinced that they could not triumph or
drive Gen. Taylor from his position, and retired.
"As yet Santa Anna has only retired a short
distance, bull do not entertain the belief that he
will venture another engagement.
"Mexico has not the means to bear the burden
of the war it is opposing poverty to abrrmlaiice
weakness to strength. In mv opinion it would
be best for the two Government. to enter into
negotiations. With the power the United States
possess it would be dishonorable in hrr lo force
us into treaties advantageous alone to herself, as
it would be for uh to make concessions from ne
cessity.
"It is reported that a train carrying provisions
to the American army wis attacked and captured
at Mann, by Don' Jose Urrea, and is yet in his
possession, with a quantity of private merchan
dise, taken at the same timet, &c.
Throueh the politeness of Mr. Arnold, who
came with Dr. Turner, we have received the
Matamoros Flag of the 13th, alo letters from
an esteemed correspondent. Our letters confirm
the list of killed published in another column,
and also the amount ol loss on both sides hereto
fore reported. The Matamoros Flag publishes
(he letter from which the above extracts were,
made.
Under the hpad of "Latest Intelligence" the
Flag slates that Gen.- Tavlor was expected at
Mou'.erey on the 8th, with the Kentucky caval
ry, tor the purpose of opening the communica
tion between that place and Camargo. "So it
seems, ' adds the Hag, "that old Rough and
Ready not only has to whip their big general in
tne mountains, outnas to come down lo scaro
their litllo ones away from the highways, so as
lo relieve the lower country from Lieut. Oen.
Stampede." In case he undertook the chastise
ment of Urrea, he would leave the main body of
his army at Buena Vista,
Noble Act. A Mexican physician residing
in Camargo, says the Flag, has received a hfter
from a surgeon at Saltillo, dated two days after
the battle, which states that Gen. Taylor per
mit&d Santa Anna to have all his wounded con
veyed into Saltillo, and tendered him surgical aid
from his own army.
It is reported in Matamoras tht Gen. Urrea
had retreated towards the Tula Pass, as soon as
he understood that Col. Curtis was marching
against him.
If was also said that Sanla Anna was falling
back upon San Luis Poiosi ; but a we before
said, Dr. Turner thinds he has only retreated to
Parras.
Atkociovs Assault, and Robbsrt. On Thurs
day night last, about 10 o'etoek, as Captain
Rodney, of the. British Brig F. L. Vail, was pass
ing along by Northrop's Planing Mill, to go on
board his vessel lying below,, he was sudden
ly attacked, knocked down, and senseless.' On
soming to he cried out for assistance, when some
negroes who were near came up. and carried him on
board the Brig. On examination it was found that
he had received a bad wound on the top of bis head,
apparently inflicted with a club, some severe bruises
en his face, and that his watch and some silver
change had been taken from his pockets.
On Saturday, some circumstances came to light
which fixed suspicion on R. A. Price, a sailor
boarding house keeper, and a sailor named John
Cowan, as the perpetrators of the outrage. They
were arrested, taken before Justices Nichols and
Miller, when Cowan confessed that he was one of
the assailants, and criminated Price aa the instiga
tor and accomplice. ' The watch' waa found in' the
hands of one Smith, another sailor boarding house
keeper, where it had been placed by Cowan, price
and Cowan were committed for trial. Highway
robbery is a capital offence by statute of the State,
without benefit of clergy.
Capt. Rodney's wounds were not of a serious na
tare.
i. vvt
Tar Magnetic TtxiGSArn, We are informed
(says the Richmond Enquirer) that a jine of posts
ia now up from Washington to Fredericksburg
fhaf wire UTlrTlhern us farts-AlesaBdria, sad will
be to Fredericksburg as soon as if can be put np ;
and that wire has been provided for the line as far
at Petersburg. . -
Niw Hint and Una Creek Canal. At the lata
sesion of the Legislature of this State, a company
was chartered to cut a canal from New River to Bear
Creek, in Onslow county, with power to raise ten
thousand dollars by subscription for the purpose.
Bear Creek empties into the Sound, between Bog
Inlet (the entrance to Swansboro and New Rivet
Inlet, and has, we understand, a much greatsr
depth of water than either of them. The canal is
designee1 to tjte the produce of New River out
through Bear -Creek, instead of ky the month of
the river, and will be from three to fonr. mile 1om,
It is ealeakted that an extensive trade in thaber of
variooe kinds, shingles, staves fcc will be carried
on through the canal," and the probable effect wHl
will be to build np a' town of some consequence as
a stopping port et tbe jnnetiM of Bear Creek whir
the Sound.
Ma. WfBSTxiu Tnie distinguished gentleman
will h is to be presumed take this route oa his in
tended Journey to the South, oa which he designed
to itart we observe by a published fetter of his the
last of this month or the beginning of the next
He may therefore be expected along bere in a very
few days. The ciu'aens of Wilmington will not
we trust omit the opportunity of bestowing upon
him some public token of respect. As one of the
most eminent and able men of the country, promi
nent both by reason of his present position and
past Services, it is highly preper that he ahould be
treated with marked attention.
Swaim's PAXAcrA. This celebrated medicine is
still put op at Philadelphia, by the son of the origi
nal proprietor. His advertisemont may be seen in
another pari of this pape
Tbe Famine In Ireland.
It docs not appear that the sufferings of the
people of certain districts of Ireland for the Want
of food had diminished much if any at the last
accounts' from that unhappy land. The follow
ing paragraphs are taken from papers brought by
the Iliberma. They depicture scenes of mis
ery teuly heart-sickening.
County of Cork Dr. S. Sweetman. Disrw
sary Physician at Schull andBallydehob, in a letter
to the Cork Consiiiution, dated "SchuH, Februa
ry 22d," fays: "This parish is at this moment
charnel house; our mortality is fearM. ave
raging daily from forty to forlvfrve at least. I
could not east, west, north, south point to a
poor man s house where there is not a few dy
ing, or dead. Our grave yards 8re crowded
lo excess. "To give you an idea of our state,
for it is not all known nor can words convey
what a ehanae a few months have made I was
informed by the national schoolmaster here that
this time twelve months ho had one hundred and
forty school children? this day he has not one.
Half, he said, are dead, and the remainder 8re
unable to attend, for want ol sufficient food and
raiment."
County of Mavo. The Rev. S: Stock. Rec-
tor of kilcommmon-Erris. in a letter lo the Ty
rawley Hcrnld, says: "l am persuaded I am
within bounds when I say thai f.OOO persons
have already perished in Erris alone."
County ol J "tppcrarv. Cahir. Feb. 25. The
physiewn ol the Cahir dispensary died last week
of fevercaiight attending Ins patients. The num
ber of poor dying of dysentary and bad loo is
truly dreadful throughout the whole country, al
though every human aid is extended.
County of Fermanagh.- Enhiskillen, Feb.
25. Every day the news from the rural districts
is assuming a more appalling clnraclpr. Fever
and dysentery are in anwiy pfa'ceii fearfully mani
festing themselves, and we have the higheM au
thority fur asserting that the interments far eeeed
any thing of the kind witnessed m the eminly
within the recollection of the oldest mhaliitani.
Rev. M. (Newell writes that in the parishes of
irannwe anil UMlimaconriy fifty-four sersons
have perished from lack of food since December.
The Clare Journal savs: "Numbers around os
are dying of hunger. Yes, we repeat the words
again, the people are dying in every corner of the
land troin absolute want of food."
From the Raltlgh Rripster.
OUR UNIVERSITY-TIIE PRESIDENT!
James W. Osborne, Eq., of Charlotte, a most
chaste and polished speaker, is to deliver the An
nual Oration before the two Literary Societies, at
the next commencement of tins Institution. And
the Rt. Rev. Bishop Ives is to preach the Vale
dictory Sermon before the Senisr Class.
lt is now, also, generally accredited, that the
President of the United State, will avail himself
of the occasion of the next Commencement, to
pay a visit to his Alma Muter. Should this
contemplated visit be carried into effect, we trust
that Mr. Polk will be, every where in the State,
received, as gentlemen should receive a gentle
man, wnom tne citizens ol our common country
have honored with the gift of the highest office in
the Republic. How else could he be received,
without virtually eensuring the system of Govern
ment, by which his election was achieved I At
the Chief Magistrate of the country, who can
withhold from him that degree of courteous atten
tion, which attaches to his position ! Heaven
knows, we have no partialities for the incumbent
of the Presidential Chair, but as a matter of pub
lic decorum, we should be excessively mortified
to see the spirit -of Party, so far over-ride the
spirit of politeness and hospitality, as to suggest
improper motives for making the visit, or intimate
the propriety of an exclusive Parly reoeption,
Mr, Weslcott. one of the Senators from Flori
da, expressed a desire in his recent speech that
the President and his cabinet might be tumbled
into the Potomac. The Senator has since ex
plained himself. He doesn't wish that the Ad
ministration should be drowned but merely that it
shall be well washed. We fear, however,; that
after this, washing operation, the Potomac might
be in as bad a condition as Coleridge represents
the River Rhine to be below the city of Cologne.
'rhe River Rhine, it is well known,
Doth wash the city of Cologne;
But say, ye nymphs, what power divine
Shall henceforth wash the River Rhine tu
Iowa The Legislature of this State having
adjeurned without electing U. S. Senatorr, ow
ing to the refusal of the Locofoco majority in one
branch to proceed to the duty positively enjoin
ed by the, federal constitution a course which
the Locofoco party have uniformly pursued,
when they could not command a majority on
joint ballot the Whig members of Ihe Legisla
ture met and adopted a resolution, requesting Mr.
Crittenden of Ky. and Mr. Coiwin of Ohio, to
act and represent the Stale of Iowa in the Senate.
A large number of the Whigs of that Slate as
sembled at the Capitot on the 22d ultimo, and ad
opted a resolution formally nominating Gen.
Zachary Taylor as a candidate for tbe Presidency
iff 1848 a proceeding which we regret, as prema
ture in itself, and because it is caloulated to em
barrass the General, by making him an object of
Executive jealousy and party malevolence the
fleets of which he has already too severely felt.
Jiichtnond nhg.
It is a sirigulaf coincidence that the same disease
which baa attacked the potatoes in other countries
has attacked the cocoa in Jamaica.
A Letter frem Geo. Taj lor.
The following highly interesting letter from Gen.
laylor, to the Adjutant General of the Army at
Washington City, appears in the Washington Vrd-
0K as a portion of tbe correspondence of General
Tkylor called for by a resolstioa of tbe House ef
Representatives.
HiAftjDABTtRs Aasrr or OcctrpATtoy,
Camp near Monterey, Oct. 15, 1846,
oil? In my acknowledgment, dated IZtn in
stant, of the instructions of the Secretary of War,
of September Z2ud, I briefly stated tbst the de-
laenmcnt to Tampieo, could not be made without
contravening the convention of Monterey. Other
reasons and more detailed viewt on "this point,
and1 the general Question of the campaign left to
a subsequent communicai'ron7whkh I have now
the honor to submit for tbe information of the
general-in-ehief and Secretary of War Such a
point has beenjrached in the conduct of the war
and the progress of our arms, as lo make it' pro
per to place my impressions and convictions very
lolly before Ihi government.
I wish lo remark, first of att. that I have con
sidered Brigadier General Wool, though formally
under my orders, yet as charged by ihe govern
ment with a distinct operation, with which 1 waa
not at liberty to interfere. , Though greatly in
doubt aa to the practicability of hia reaching Chi
huahua with artillery, and deeming the importance
of the operation at any rate to be not at all com
mensurate with its difficulty and expense, I
have accordingly refsaiaed from controlling his
movements in any way. Hie force, therefore,
forms no element in my calculations, particularly
as it is now, or soon will be, entirely beyond my
reach. ,
The Mexican army under General Antpudia
has left Saltillo, and fallen back on Sart Luis
Potosi the last detachment, as I understand1, be
ing under order to march to-day General Santa
Anna reached San Luis orr the 8th instant, and
is engaged in concentrating and organizing Ihe
army at thai pobrt. Whether the withdrawal of
the force loSanLuisbe intended lo draw us
into-the country far from supplies and support, or
whether it be a political movement, connected
with Santa, Anna's return to power, il is impossi
ble fo say; it is sufficient for my present argu
ment to know that a heavy force is assembling in
our front. Saltillo, the capital of Coahuila, is
virtually in our possession, and can be occupied,
if necessary, the moment the convention is t an
end. The occupation of Saltillo will lengthen
our line 75 miles, bur, on the other hand, msy
enable us to draw af leasts portion of our bread
stuffs from the ennntry. San Luis is about 300
Hoiles from- Saltillo, perhaps more.
cran Luis is a city of some 80,000 inhabitants,
in a country abundant in resources, and at no
great distance from the heart of the republic,.
whence ammunitions of war and reinforcements
can readily be drawn. It is at the same tfme nearly
600 miles from the Rio Grande, which mint con
tinue to be the base of our operations, at least
uirtH we reach San Luis.
In view of the above facts, I hazard nothing in
saying that a column lo move on San Luis- from
Saltillo, should, to insure success, be af least
20,000 strong, of which 10,000 should" be regu
lar troops. After much reflection I consider the
above as the smallest number of effective troops
that could be employed on this service without
incGTrmg the hazard of disaster and perhaps de
feat. There .would be required, besides, tokeep
open onr long line, protect the depots, and secure
the co en try already gained, a force of 5,000- men
this, without including the force necessary to
send lo Tampico to take or holf that place.
The above estimate may seem large when it is
remembered that important remits have been gain
ed with a much smaller force. But we have
hitherto operated near our own base, and the
Mexicans at a great itistanre from theirs. SxluK
In may be considered abont equidistant from Ihe
Rio Grai.de mid San Luie, Every day's march'
beyond rt Ipngihens our already long Ime and
curtails theirs weakens us, and gives Idem
strength. Hence the movement should not be
undertaken except with a force so large as lo
render ruecess certain.
In the above calculation I have sfrtrposed the
Mexicans able to concentrate at San Lois a force
of 40,000 to 50,000 men. With tolerable stabil
ity in the government, I doubt not their ability lo
do this, and it is not safe lo assume any less num
ber as a basix.
The force of twelve months' volunteers has
suffered greatly from disease. Many have died,
and a great number have been discharged from
disability. So much has their effective strength
been reduced by this cause and present sickness,
ihat, in ihe absence of official returns, I am satis
fied that 500 men per regiment would be a large
average of effectives among the volunteers.
This would give, including the cavalry, a force i
little short of 9,000 menv or adding 4.000 regu
lars, four present strength is not 3,000.) a total
force of 13,000 men. Leaving the very moder
ate number of 3,000 to secure our rear, I should
not be able to march from Saltillo, with present
and expected means, at the head of more than
10,000 men a number which, from considers
tions aboe stated, I deem to be entirely inade
quale,
And I now come to the point presented in the
secretary letter. A simultaneous movement on
Han Luis and 1 ampico is there suggested but tt
will readily be seen that, with only half the force
which I consider nec-esrary to march on one
point, it is quite impossible to march on bath,
and lhat nothing short of an effective force of 33,
000 to 30,000 men would, on military principles,
justify the double movement. And it is to be
remarked that the possession of Tampico is i
dispensable in case we advance to San Luis, for
the line hince to the latter place ia entirely too
long to be maintained permanently, and must be
abandoned for the shorter one from Tampieo, Ihe
moment San Luis is taken.
I have spoken only of the number of troops
deemed necessary lor the prosecution of the cam
paign beyond Saltillo. It will be understood that
largely increased means and material of every
kind will be equally necessary to render the ar
my efficient, such as cavalry and artillery horses,
means of transport, ordnance stores, &c,
The department may be assured that the above
views have not been given without mature reflec
tion, and have been the result of experience and
eareful inquiry. It will be for the government
to determine whether the war shall be proseeuted
by directing an active campaign against San Luis
and the capital, or whether the country already
gained shall be held, and a defensive attitude as
sumed. In the hitter case, the general line of the
Sierra Madre might very well be taken; but even
then, with the enemy in force in my front, it
might be imprudent to detach to Tampico so
large a force as 3,000 or 4,000 men, particularly
of the description required for that operation. If
tne cooperation or the army, therefore, be deemed
essential to the success of the expedition against
Tsmpico, I trust that it will be postponed for the
present. .V '.v;- -
1 have not been unmindful of the importance
f taking Tampico, and have a least once ad
dressed the department on the subject. Nothing
but tne known exposure ol the plaoe to the
ravages of the yellow fever prevented me from
organizing an expedition against It Jut .summer.
I knew that, if taken, it could not with any cer
tainty ifl heldundjtjiiLthe cause would natjbe
removed before ihe last of November," orfut of
December.
Il may be expected that I should give my views
as to t!ie policy of ocrupying a defensive line to
which I have above ailuJed. I am free to con'
fess lhat in view of the iliffiruliies and expense
attending a movement into the heirt of the coon-'
try, and particularly in view of the unsealed anj
revolutionary character of the Mexican govern-'
ment, the oreepaiion of sorli a line seems to at
the best course that can be adopted. The lines
taken might either be that on which we propose'
to insist as the boandary between the republics
say fh Rio Grande or Ihw line lo which w
have advanced, viw The Sierra Madre, includ
ing Chihuahna and Santa Pev The former line
could be held with a mech BmaKer force than the
taller; but even the Tine of the Sierra Wadre could
be held with force greatly less than would be
required for an active campaign. Monterey con
trols the great outlet from the interior a slronj
garrison at this point, with an advance at Saltillo,
and email cOrpe at Monclova, UntHt, Victoria
and Tampieo wonld1 effectually eover Ihe line.
I have limited imr remarks toiba nnaii'mn r
..- . , ... . r
iiuo winy on mm ironiiersRd Ihe rsauiMmenti Tar
- ... ,..igu againav on i,uis roiosi me sug
gestions in the Secretary's letter being confined lo
this general theatre ol operations.. Should ho
government determine to sirrke a decisive blow at
Mexico, it is my opinion, thai the force should
land near Vera Cruj or Alvarsdo. and after estab
lishing a secure depot, march thence on the capi
tal. The amount of troops required for this service
houfd not fall short, in my judgment, of 25,009
men, of which at least 10,000 to be regular troops
In conclusion, I feel it my duty to make some
remarks, which 1 wonld gladly hare beeinpared)
ihe necessity of submitting. 1 feel it due to my
positron and lo Ihe service, to record my protest
against Ihe manner in which tbe department has
sought lo lake an important detachment from
my command, specifically indicating not only the
general officers, but to a considerable extent lbs
troops that were to comrxwe i. While I remain
in command of ihe army againt Mexico, and am,
therefore, justly held respouxible by the govern
ment and ihe country for the conduct ef its opera
tions, I must claim the right of nrawixiiig allTtft
tachmsnti from il, and rtenlaiiny tSr lime ami
maneref their service. Above all do I eontWef
it important, lhat the Department uf War should
refrain from1 eorrespondinff ttMtei Willi mv mk
ordirrales, and eommuniearinjrordrnrand instruc
tions on points Which, bv nil militorv nr0.m
and practice, pertain exclusively to ihe general fr
chief command. Confusion and disaster alone
can result from aneh a course. The reason alleg
ed, viz: the loss of lime in i-ommnrrieating with?
Gensral Patterson, has no application; for the
Seeretary Ydespefch came from thatofficer to my
headquarters in sbty hoars, and he could not
move, al any rate, withnu drawing largely oporr
Vh column for artillery ndtegirfar troop.
v I beg it may be understood, that my remarks
have no personal application, h is quite proba
ble, thai in the evenl of making such a detach
ment, 1 woald have plaretl il under Msir General
Pattf rson; but I conceive that this mode of regu
lating detail, and eAlering ileiachinenia direct
from the DepnrimeiM of War, ia a violation of ihe
integrity of ihe chief command in ihe field, preg
nant with thej wow evil.-, nnd against which I
deem it my doty respectfully, but earnestly le
prolest. I am, sir, very respectfully,
yoor obedient servant,
TAT LOR",
M ijor Gener.d. U. S. A. comd'g.
TNt AajfTANT GiiNXRAaofsfihe rmy,Waa'
ington, D. C.
F mm the ("harkttorr Mmitry,
Ilr,vcberi t felt te Urn mHh,
It is announced in the Northern papers that Mr
WEBSTfa intend shortly to viiNw Orleans'
by the Southern nunc, and speculations are m
dt,lre,I, to ihe reeeptkm he may meet m the way r
snd especially from the friends uf Mr, CaXwou.v.
The New loil 'fribnne iiirmtalcs thaf thwvisi
has no poliVical rnttiMWn, but re prorojn! y a
desire lo make hmsrtlf conversant, by personal
observation, with the various intert 401 the"
coantry, lhat he may he the btu t qualified lo
act upon them. So far as South Carolina w con
cerned, no one ran dowbi bwt hxi Mr. Webstew
willbe reeervrtf wib slt lw ressreiam) alienlkiir
that is due to hie eminent hr tores and high pnsi
lion. We have never sdlowed differenres ef
opiaWm to mterfere with rle high courtesies which
are due 10 eminence. Wc shall be glad1 fty sew
him: pleased that a m of his treat talemw wnl
liberal mind shall have aw- wppwiinhy ol seeing
us and our institution as we .m ? audi whether
they make their just impressmn or not, on us
there shall be no blame lor drnViency in what ia
due as much to our own ch;ira-ier, k Mr,
Webster's hieh nnsiu'nn in the eounlrr-
- V
The English Colonial System. It would
appear from ihe statement of the "Courrier des
Elats Uni"lhst England is about lo place her
colunies upon an entirely new b.isis. The prin
cipal features of this new plan are these: The
British possessions throughout the world are to
be divided into five Viceroyaliies. The first wilt
consist of ihe Cauadas, few Brunswick anil
Noval Scotia; the second will comprise ihe Bri
tish West India Islands the third Australia; the
fourth the East Indies and the fifth Ihe seallered
islands of her empire.
The Viceroyaliies will be rendered almost en
tirely independent of the mother coumry, and
under the conduct of a legislature compjueedi of
two elective branches. The same freedoot of
trade will be granted between them and all other
nations as with the mother country, excepting, a
few privileges of small moment, which ihe latter
proposes to reserve la herself. Independent i
(heir domestic affairs, the colonies will still bo
subject to certain general law of the empire, ia'
the enactment of which, they will have a voice
through members elected from among themselvee
to sit in the Parliament of England. . The nana,
berof representatives will be In proportion to lhe
population of the colonies. Tbe five YiceroyaU
ties will be assigned to members of the Roy al famu
ly of England), or to men who have become em
nent in the conduct of public affairs. And il is sta
led that the Cansdas and the adjacent provinces
are to be assigned to the Duke ol Cambridge, the
uncle of the Queen, 1 The Courrier make these
statements upon the authority, of letters received
from individuals who are so situated in! London
aa to know the plans and purposes of the Cabinet
One feature of thii plan cannot escape notice.
It is the degree of independence . which il pro.
poses o grant to the people, and the power which
it resigna to them for, llieir self-government. It
presents a new principle of action on the part of
the English Government. Heretofore she has
steadily withheld power from the people, but per.
baps the experience of ihis country has shown to
her that it cqn nowhere be so safely deposited,
- JV, r, Evening Post.
A young lady who had not received, as muc.h
attention from tl)( braux as her female associates,
aid to her lover. told them I would wait un
til ihe chaff had blown off, and then I would pick
up the wheat.'
"I.I 1 1 1 T ' ,
The Betttr . -The son of ihe poor die .
rich; while the sons of the rich die poor. What
encouragement to toil through, life in acquiring
wealth to ruin onf children I f Better logo wi,tji
our money "as" we gcrtilong educate oorsorr -ensure
their virtues by habits of industry ' and
ludy, and let tlicm take care of themselves.