71
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Pl'ni.ISllKD WKKKLY I!V Vlh V. KAIiOTF.Al
KIM TOR AVI) yitOPRIKTOK.
TERMS: $2 00 KIl AXt'M IX ADVANCE OH
$2 50 IF PAVIMEXT 1 llfeLAVEtf SII M0.THS4 '
Vol. IV
RALEIGH. FRIDAY, DECEMBER 27, 1850.
NO G
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H'llilKDIAS ADiUlK.S.S
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Vai.kk.ii timks.
SPEECH OF
lr.rrliii:'25
R"0.
; IIEXEY W. MILLER, ESQ,
AT ilXKOHD, NnVEMBF.U 5th. lSDu,
It REPLY TO HOX. A. W. UMIiLK.
Fn.i.ow Citizlxs: I offer as an apology lor asking yniir atten
liixi in reply tn tlit gentleman who (ins addressed you, the rail which
! vnti have just made npiiii ine. I disavow till desire to interfere will)
?l -.nm' nun fleeting year "g",
Did Tinir. vvlmiicvcrtame
'I'.i the C";. il i"V nrtl'W,
U'lii. I. in' so "Wifily cairns,
Viinelilii-ieriugwrt Willi wind and
SHOW, .' ' '
"Ami snow Hew round Ki
lall.l Uil.
II,! Hurras I his blows about
In (he true l'.,r lasln.'ii ;
Tiier., - mi! L'CiitTiil -nil ii tint
value nt' well regulated government, nnd would nut long stand the
deprivation ot" it. Congress neglected them. Whilst that body de
buted ii n J wrangled itlioiit abstractions, a mighty nation whs spring
ing lip in lliat distant region. Tliey were threiiteued with anarchy.
They remilycd Uhiii forming a Coustiliilion and presenting them
selves fur admission as 11 S ,tr into this Union. During the Full of
1819. a Convention of Delegates assembled, and framed a State
Constitution, in which there was a clause prohibiting slavery. It is
the relations which exist between him and hi constituent, and trust wimaie.i tinit in januaty last, mere wa in 1,1.11 mrnia, a population
I kin nl violating anv rules of propriety, in answering, at vour re-1 ot' 10" 000 '!''. Omslinithn was submitted to the People
quel, us far aa ,v humble ability will permit arjnu.io.it, which 1 Hl"1 t;llifi(?u I'.V a vnieot ViM M 811, besides about 1200 blank
! reirard a-fallKciou. and docilities that appear tome dangerous lo . -' nUikl"P 111 "1'wartls oil l.utiu., .
't the pea,-,, and onion of th-so States. I do not app- ,r heb.re you to I'"1"'' Ta':"r -niniHed this Constitution to rongresi with a
; gralily any spirit of party, I shall not iiildie-s you in any aiieh j "tnin,endlinn that California be admitted a a State. She was
i spirit,' exri pi m. f,,r ' it may be necessary to ilck-nd somenl" the "wUy nlinitt,l by a large majority in the Semite and 150 to ."7 in
i patriotic men ivno ileum;; lo tlie w lug party twin wnai l conceive ; ; ,1, vsdi-cl at all it
tt, i' tlie iiiniist assaiiits wh'.cli h ive tiien in ice upon til in. i : - ilwiwreii
" Much miaapprelieiiion appear to hnvR obtained in Ihe AHanlie the South of ,S'!avo territory, perfected hy th" luiiery of
State rehitive to the nuestii I slavery in Cal.toniia. The under- ! Amprirn ContJiV.tbn-UL'h Texan Riiiid-lioW'T. lie wnn d hav-'
sijliietl have no lie'it lion in Kiviii);. ilml the provision in tin-("on-' , ,. , , , . .
stitntion excludiuuthal instilu.ion, meets with the albot una,,,,,,,.., U Wieve Ihew r.nd'lmld.'W.theae hvyu-,, win. wer,. ready lo prt? ,
approval ol that wople, Thia iiiianiiuily is lielieved to remilt not iiioti tlie tender rotibcienee of Consiessnieii.' wer in the lobbie
so much Irian the prejudice Hirainxtthe. ayiiein which are quite bewt'tl jfalleriW ami the doof-wavt into docerl tlirmielvea inm
Heneral intlie Northern part oftlie Uniled States.HS Irom a univer- . , 1 - , .... ' , . ... ,.
I.....,,,;,;. ,i , ;. . . i c ,t i j i . the micred recesses of l,eiri!ilal!veAviwl.iii. where ? it tie jentleraaii
ail Qimvii tmii that in no jmrtion ot tahlornia is the Suit and ilimate
;f a character nifoftedloslait lnl,r." ' j himself 'w rapn.uin the solicitude of hiowiyiriir'm.ilit v What ,
Ajain, hear what was aaid hv pome of the leadinff men in ihe ! piftitrc What a accne for the pencil of the anii, and what
Coiivimtion that framed her Constitution, 1 read from the debate in
that body compiled hy Brown Mr. Jjpjritt said- (paje 4 t9.)
"And what will the Smith (our South) any? Certainly the South
Will not enminit an act ao suicidal as-to relive it assent to ihii-(.on-! Ail ! the soft impeachment had been loo irresistible the
s'. iuiioii U"caiise we n.ive not cut oil all roiitk ot 3U 30. I litre
h mil a member on Mi?mr icio believer t'l'tl slnteri can txrrrxiti
thrm halever desire ih." Soulh miglit h ,ve to introduce slavery
there, id's utterly impracticable tnilo , Intl it never chii exist in
This was one of ihe niHiisures ol Compromise. The j ' f"!ii"ii i milficient to pr-clpde the idea. If thu Territory 'i
in accord nice with the compromise aarei Qtu
(jreat parties, be creeled into a tree otitic mi Ihe tie-
humiliating spectarln for the friends ol " Represenititive 'joi eminent
One day this w-furiims nclinne was rejected. Ihe next it was rcc.rs'it!
ered.aml pimaeil, iigaiust all the principles of parlianieiitary l.tri
lirttsx
apple had been hatidlt',1, 'he bribe hail done its dirty work, the atefti
virtue of the American Legislator vie Idrd to the pnticrmont of (.'o'f1,
and the odious ineustire became Ihe law ol lmi, bv a vote of ll'l in
98! And where, pray, was the rentleiiin hiirh' dnriiK' alt this-'
while? Why did he not cry alonf. and rxpvse ucb villainy
-flte subject to which 1 shall ask your attention. mw patiiculirly, i,ai particular Not liecause there had been no leriiiorial jfovrrn- j ,,,, the penile thtmsehes. There is no diviaiun of ojiiiiiion b - ! Was i because those "l.ril.!! liond-holdi'is." p.,sc( him by, witl .t
s.,lve patty lie, and should be discouncUed fro.,, party it lliiencea, .''" wiore m lormaiuin oi iw awe uuisutmion, ,r ,s ,i
" H"mv a I Ii ia siilaect in.which tllo whole country has a d.-en.-n vital in-mKli' V'niul.o.-li.cli either uneciiy r uy .mpii-
. .. 'H''? : .i- ,..:,........., 1 len-t. I refer to the Acts of Cannromise and i?i.,t.etit oassed quires ,,U. It may bean argument aoainst the regularity
1, rv1 lil"-;MH-H Will' utiwrtwi - "u , i ' . . . ' 1 . .. .
.. 1 ,,t llir. l-i if t.oj!,.,, nf I Vn,ftJlf ll llw. m.n'Utin , ot H(!lUlfi8Umt but ItOlie HtfilUISt alS 1 0111 lUltUHM ltV
In ,1,,-n a ir.iiiliij piissiou, I opise,,'. a ud he now seeks, not only to justify liisown cour,,but
Ti.e.Vs.,ov - built ...any a rnniotiK i '"-"il" tl'' l,o diller-d from him, and ih.mjht it their duly to sus
lv,,;j , . . . ; tain thojs ineiisiires. If the reasons given, for hi$ course he valii,;
: Across' unr M reels in Vain; . then 1ih the South been ureitlv wronired bv the pusaire. of that
In tain ti' iv winos ami soon- tie
tween me lyirttiem ana Auuiticrn inpuiation ol l,ahlornia on tins j the cnld respect ofa passing j;l.iiifc? Or did titer see. in his cmit'lv
subject, (aiuseiiiii'iely ifit h-'coui's a aen irate Slut-' if will lit' a , ; in ,' . ., . ' ' , .
, , i ' j ,, ... , 1 . i beiiTitig and 11 i-'Mn., eve. a spirit Inn iipperv.oiis to a their iift, t'si
free title and nisiitu ojie there mil be tv t free States. ' ' . '
Mr. (i.i'j'i (oue of her S tutors) a, id in the ami.' d'bate. I l"f'y f"r tice they ;'cnild offer 1 I'lie Representalivec f tV
"The line of 3ti 311 i a preat question on :he other aid" of the ' people bribed, u . u:il up '. W'.m are thri ? i,t iheui b- ln-!d tin
...iiiiiiianis. uere n is no,,,,,,,.. i,y pr,, ot our ipiuaiinn , crl) H,, ,,,,,, ,, of ,). .,,,,. L',
are ,iiH-inir in anivrv ne, sc. H Is ill, l air, loll soll'n ot in ,1 nil
will pot, I enntf-t
It h vtierhj infilled for 'Met W.:'b..mif a ivi and a gra-:! bi;lieve i(' Ivatl,r, would I .snpse. that uiiy siich ticpicin, if
l,i!;i' I'.ihuiio, tiol rain,
li.-li -l.-.-ji t.. i.'.'( .llt.s- ,ip irc:i!i,
. A"'' ll"illiiC" 'he t I : 3
from tlie seat of Ihe Fedrral (iovernineut tlie nature of her popula
tion her exposure to foreiiin iuflm'iice and violence by-1 lie influx of
ftireijjn ciiiijjruiits tiie length of time she had been kept' without a
Compromise, and liaise who supported it are on Wooer entitled In
her coiilt leie e. On ihe contrary- if those measures were just and
proper, and upon beine; faithfully carried out, will sctiri't;ie rights
of all sectioiis-aiid realore pence to the country i liieti hi cmirso was
... , : .. :.' i :., ..,;,..,'( ...,,.! i unwise, and his ciT.il Is now. to excite hostility to those win) sustained
. , - i i ii . ' 1 ,i i .... i i , 1 1 :, ii . i,.,i., r n .. I,,, i,.o i',. i reeiilar cii il uovrrniuenl her case was one of extreme liardshii:
And wind and snow loirether, ; ihein, df serve, and should receive, Ihe rebuke ot all who love toe , . '
Tie- cheei Ini Printer, ''am,' to hold i ;m . wl0 reverence the laws, and who regard the further iitita-
lurlev with the weallier,. , . , , .
.,. ,. ,,. -., .I ! lion o the slavery question danoerous lo our peace and pro-pi-nlv.
Willi step like anv soldier hold : . r . 1 1
I leiirl liahi'.'r tli in a leather. 1 . ' maintain that the Acts of Compromise secured the tumor of the
, . , j South, eticroai'lied upon the rights of no section, were wise and
V e.s;-'tvM,s in vain-that rushing j firiiMtl,rv in their character, and slin.iU be aiist.ined by . men.
'AVnetTelotnnU were meetiii",.' "'' "" P'',rli,'s' i"very section of the I, iiion,-lhat ;l so sustained,
But hf
s,,ys, she did nut obtain tiie consent of Ccnirr In frame a Coiisti.
tution. So did not Ai kalians, ar.,1 several other iSlains, whose ad
..iinsiiiii was ooi leuaruru eiuiei aa.i iio.auoii oi ini; . win, ywii- couiiuy, wiiii a tew ncti v.iiieva and extensive arm plains: I suspicion iners ue,-i tiie iiimasy ot goin" uisteinpereit nn i,eitialioiv
stifution or in derogation of tlie rijihUof 'their sisters. Would he j Here then we were told in txpresa terms thai if ihe Missouri j tlie offsprin)t ofa diseased brain malignant heart !
have remanded thnn t . territorial State on account of such sup- j Compromise line had been run, and a II tauith of il rut ofFfrnin Cali- ; Perhaps i! may be inti rt'lin(r loerque what company the jfepile
posed irreoulariiy ? Besides, inviii!! to the temot mess of California fornia, il would h-youd d.iubt hive h -coma a free Stale I hat "il is i ma it himself waski'epinp during this drama f brilvrviind enrrat.
Wba l -then won't! have been the J titw ? He ayilw nwaenre was rninnlis lo the South, and for this
i poiicy J H',1" wealctn thetlaie j rciisort, as a 1'nst lrieni! to in . and 'iw riiihta ho: iipposr-d it to tin' .
( bitter end. Well lei im appeal to Ihe rct'ord; nnd' learn xho these
j kind frionds were, that stood so gallantly bv the Soulli ! 1 find a
iHuntr Ihein a certain Mr. tilppistis who is somewhat sMctcJ. at
ieasl, of nl-olit nr.isni n Mr, l'Rt:s ,lt ' Kivi sliolitly under lb,
same, cloud (v Mr, ALI.rti who . claims to be e! l';e i n-tiirrho, d of
I free soilera Mr. Srit jibt'e, who U'ionps to Ihe saine fratemit'
utterly unfitted for slave labor."
practical -effect of the geul lein in'i
Hi alt and add strength to Ihe Miirlh. -.'.
I In-re is one historical fact wind) perhaps h,s escaped the pen-
mil emorwncv.aiiil appealed to (.onpress lor prompt and favorable ; ticin i n s tnmo,v. Ad early hi l,'Cm') r 11.18 13- Afri Dmigla
action, ' He aays tahlorniii fwe but about 1-1,000 voles in passinj.' , introduceil into the Nenale of the United Si it,'s a hill lor the iirrae.
upon her ('oiistituiioii. Has he fnrgoltcii that Jlicbifan, India uai j diale Hiln.issioti of Ciiliforniii as a State into the Union.': Thin Bill
Arkansas, Wisconsin, and several other SLttes ijave a m.iili smaHvr can be f'oiiial in the Conptessional Globe "f 1 8-18 (pape 21 It has
vole in some in.-tiiiccs n, t more than one-lourth us inanv? Would . been declared bv Mr l.himhu of (jeoreia I le.ni. llp-n a member of I Mr.H'T, wlime polished manners and snathtinc wit render lii'n a
he have excluded these Mat a lor nich a reason, or would he have (he House nl Represenlativ, a, thai this hill was prepvirnd and mtro. ! free soil coni'iimni. not tn he despised t Mr H'TKF', who will
I. remanded them lo their st ie-of pnpiiajje llntt they iui)ht come in. ; tluced at the instance i f or under the approva luf, Mr. Polk. Did I reiard it as very cruel, lo be tliAiiohi dislovtil to the cause of sbol:-
s; .,.,., ih" I' , ir. ,n door he oiitul our atioii.il ueace. nrosnentv and Lnion will be secure, . but I vio-
: A winu and cordial jrreeiiiiL'vj; l,,),.,!, resisted, iiulhlied or repealed, neither of those preal interesis i wil1"1 filir,'r limv.ut? H wily . ri-qu.wil. the limo it j we hear any exprebsi,is of holy horixir at all this.' But I dismiss J tioniam, for. brin); in. ciiiiipiiiy witli inch valiant coBipariion of
.),.. Time ! why should ll.y rt,)id - i,(,ssjn(;, uc advanced, but all of Ihein haxarded, jeopard-1 ''ie g,'"li'mil11 and tliosn w ho ucled with him lo give biitli bi ; this branch of the suhj. ct. However irroenlar may have been the Southern rihis as the jreiitleinan rlniina to be ! Otliera, p.ff! and
I.eavelli.rslikethissoaeelini:? iite.1. perhaps lost. These positions I shall endeavor to'esta'blish ! ,l,nr lt'"l-'t".v -I g"l l-al.loriini to enable her to remove proc.eediCs connect, ,! Willi the dm ssion ot California. I eee ! '".em the csef Nonhern la m.i t.-,,n, ... ight he named. Strang
nd in so doing i ask the altentinn of all present, however widely oojecuoii as i,ns. i.very u iv cirrieu niniureis liner snore i in us m imui unuaiive tn me t onsntininn. tine is now a novel- , '"' we o, me .-lomti sin.nn! in.veso tony misunderstood at i
ti .. : ..A - r, ...... i . - I , l.a ... il.r......l. , 1D ,.w.t..- O.I .. .... I s;,.. ... ..I tl. I-.. : a - t.l: L. ..I -.. :r ..,iDh...n....a .1... ..4 1 t I: i , ..
Din so ii is ; .,r , ... . - r mailers o mere narH' no 1 es i 1 v ' ' H" 're "r"" ""' lr 'r " i " vi '," ". " " esmuosu wn) n i..c wisnes. i r1."'" w " ' oeoyi.iiui rue retieciion thai we
!'. The A.ts of Compromise werev 1. Tiie hiI.,,.,,,,,,, of California i 8i",J'i "f ' entt.rprisinjr families wend,,.,, heir way In tnis bml tif
j aa a Slate. 2. 'The establishment hi a Territorial Government for j What her population now i it i ililficnlt to t-H, but
l it... i. i ti, T.... k.. I .1 V.,,.. M..v;.,,,T.,;,.,ri.l ll;il caiinit be lar shori of I5D.IIU0.
. J 111 II. u, . liv I (A,,l uiiuiitiaij u , , , n . ., ,. , ..
' 4. The Act abolishing the slave trado in ihe District ot ( olmnbia.
i 5. The tiiji:iv slave law; against all which the j;entle.iian voted,
except the last named, and the I tuh A' t. On the hnal passiijjeof
wave after wave,
Altai" life's boundless river,.
Sweepn the tirst rapture that it
(a ve
B ,ck to if gl'.rions Giver ;
Our j,.ys arc like mir loves ; tlie
Ifravo
Sliuih over Ihein forever !
. . ; , . . ii
-v","To-. ,M,wrT ; the latter he W not v..,? at all.
We hailed a year ao? ', ,,. , , , , , .-,
Have Itie Sptiii"'a lis'tstepa ill I understand him tn contend Hint the admission ol California was
their fall : iinennslilutiun.il unjust to (lie South and a virtual enactment of
Noiieht wasted bet tlie snw ? i , W'ihnni Proviso, inasmuch aa the Constiliilinti presented by
tu iiV calll 1 that people contained a clause prohibiting slavery j nnd I understand
When- l.il'e' la-'t bl.issoma . him further In contend, that Congress should haveadopted the Miasj
lrow : sonri Compromise line in reference to that Territory.
Now, to enable ih, Fellow Citizens, to understand this subject
It seems, however, that tiie sirmijost obection to tier admission . bul her God sped in her briplu career to greatness anil (tlory
was the proviso.'!! ill her f.niist.tiitiou proiiinitini; slavery. Now. I i 1 he next brunch ol the Comproniise to which Icall vonr attention
insist that the people of lh.it country hid not op 'y the riflit to form a J is the act establishini;a territorial government for Utah. The whole
Constitution nnd ask aunussion ni'o the l uiiui. but also to frame i of that territory lies North of Ihe Missouri C imnroiniae line Its
.Sue R-a nils upon an equality wnh her sisters, and instead ol piv'mjj i '""nd friends, in thai hour of need, where we did not expftt them '
hi r Ihe e.old should r. and wrnii'linj abnil tiie leifititnacy of her 1 Are ihey content of Ine uenilvmali .' Are we iin'ehted In him f,r
birth, let in rather extend to her the riifht hi nil of fellowship, and ' Is'rn zeal in ourbehall! Iflir was rijiht were th'v right
kin tliwbave f.iilsbed-theirshort
' - . r.,,.. :. : . ... r . .1.- P-.l I r :...-ir .
i, my, ii is necessary in reier lo ine i eurii, i von.su, ilium nsnn, nnu
Ol rol.iiiir yeura has fled, : m portions uf the naat nolitical history of the country on' the snbiect
Andlhev are with them who be-; .. , ,, , Q .. ... . ., , p...-,;,..,:,,'.. .00,v
lla'vesunk anion" the dead; j . Stales may be admitted by Cmgrrift.inlo Ihi Lnion." The
P, ai to their sleep forever more, i 4ih Sec, of the same Aiticle declares that " Ihe United States shall
Aid blosaouisutr their bed. guarantee. In erery State in this Union, a rfmblican form of Gotern-
New In' the livinpihev are alill j
A lib- of Wamlerin,' Woiiilerit, It will be remeniliered that th pnner Conpress over the provi-
The ll u; thu loft, the Sciihbler ! f , Constitulion. nresent'd by a pet pie asking admission into
Quill. . 1 ihe Union, wa discussed with great ability and nint h bitterness
Ami 'he Ireinendniis thunderii I '
()f Senaies-all Iml work the will tlnriiig the Missouri Controversy. I hit State Was lormeil nut ol
Of their own stubborn blunders, j territory acquired from France under the treaty of 1803. In July,
I 1 "3-n - '.n ,,rAjnnt.i,l nraolf fur M.l.nidclmi liiln ibn I Tn li.n U'itb u
ft... I .....,t.,.u ,.i.. ...:,ii I ' I
p I '....-til. .,:.... )..,.K ...a . o,l.,n, . . I. a a,. !.ii-( ... u uVurv
those l Ulisiuu, H"ll w III. II M ti- nt w,l pij, r.r. ,
Who iml on such Ions faces, i were hostile tn that institution nought lo incorporate a provision in
An J t.. lk ol HI hifkem. lrozen ut, j,er (j(,1lt.titiitiiii prohibilinp it. It was contended by those who op.
Wit teeih-nnd good hit places, ...... nL. i....i ;"....'fc . ;.
In -tore tor those who lack Hall ; j-" ,'' "" w- - '
! would oe a violation ot the f ederal Conalilntion, in,t all Congress
And many ii'iier graces. could do was lotake care that the State ConstiMition was " rejiubli-
- , . i , idl, o. ls fiiim hiiii i.iai o.v iieopm Willi UBHIH lU l.ltllC III KB 1
A year has passed and has it; '
given ..r, j ....,.....- r j ,i ; ...r..h.
I'mheyoiine lamndiiip breast t and result of Ibis contrnversy are well known. : Itapitaled the whole
Wln rnlh,-lieiirt beau ym.iu j .:., . im,h ihe Union to its centre. A Co ro nise was at
men, - .!..... .........i .i i,.i i ii.. ..i.,.;-.,;..,, .,r iiim.,,! ...iti,.,,,.
One half lp'; ' promisid vst 7 "S"'" "" " "' "
No; we but strive us all have sum restriction, but prohibiting slavery in ail tne territory out oi
which that State had been formed, Sorlh ofSC 30', and leavinj it
io tlie people Smith of that line, to establish slavery or not as ihey
Plenty ha dropped from both her , miuht wish. This Compromise settled the question of slavery as to 1
hands a II Territory east of the' Ilui ky Moun'ijiiis. Our title to Urc;on,
The iicliest of her ston-s; . , . .., ..r,i ,..,;. u-u. ut l4i w,r,M-tM under ih d.
i'Hice -till baa spread her silken I ' r '
... .. ..fVI. l..llr u.l ilia m, ,..ufinn i,f iwp nprin w litr
. 'i 111 1 , 1 1", iiiiiiiii ,,i . ,n. , i,,,, i .'ii ,ii ..V -..-r.
Beliire our open doors ; terriiorinl poverninenl, Ihe qiieslion of the power of Conpress over
And Free,loin' voice Iroiii distatit lv! Wlj,jei.tnf ,,Mvery, was ain x -h This emrtrovetsy was
striven
For lutdo li HI best.
lauds
finally ended as far as Oregon was t, erned,hy flte passage i.fji
. , . . , ' , , . -.u .i rained a clause rerupniziue and establishinp it would the pentle
bill t'slahhrhiutr a territorial poyernmeiit for that country with the i , , . i , , , , ... , ,
Has reached our happy sh,.res.
These we may sec, and yet liw
few ... . j
sik not la-ymul their liiihl.
To watch Ihe lad. lip of otiie new
Ideal Iroin their s,(!h! .
Ilnr inyc tlv aslhey always flew
Bejiilld tnv I oiiiei Ilium.
I'renhan to Hitwpary, peace to our
laud, I '
Km every lanilv-ner. tlwel : Umhi ,t w; iarmg vtgreM of thai
ty'shand ' i War, and when ihe acquisition of mob territory was iiiiticipated,
Aivakctue minstrel4 shell, j thai the Wilmot Pronto was iulrtaluced which is'destined to secure
And eeoeronil Patrons nitersiami , , .,,,.,,, l0 ilt Driliec,,)f, a skillful architect of
:...' . sJ.-. fl ute, i - - w - - i - '
just such a Constitution as they wished, and the only enquiry lor j
Collar- as was, " Is il icpiil lit ati in Us lorin ? I Lev had a right In
incorporate in il a clause prohibiting or est iblishinp slavery ua lo
them teemed best, t.'onjiress had t.q more ripl.l to force this insti
tution upon her a gainst her will til, u it hail to deprive her of il if she
desired to establish it. This is the hue doctrine. Thin is the He
publican doctrine this is the doctrine contended for by those who
opposed Ihe Missouri restriction this is the only safe doctrine for
the South. Ii is what Southern statesmen have ever contended for,
and surely the gentleman has not so soon for-olten tlve Resolutions
of his favorite, .1r. Calhoun, introduced in the Senate of the United
States in 1847 ! He advocated these Resolutions with that ability
which characterized all its etroiti. One ol them is in the following
language:
" That is a fundamental principle in onr politic il creed that a peo
ple, in fonninp a cniistituiiou, have (lie unconditional riphl lo lorm
and adopt the government which they may ihink lyst calculated to
secure iheir liiieriy, irosperity, and happiness; and that, in con
foru.i.y therct i. no other condition is imposed by Ihe Federal Con
stitution, on h State, in order to he admitted inio the Union, except
thai its constitution shall li republican : and that the imposition of
any other by l'oimress would not only be in violation ufttiecnnstilu.
Those who i 'ion, but in direct conflict wilb t ie principle on which our political
system rests.
: Now can any man mistake the meaning of this? Is it not too
plain to admit of doubt or cavil ? Were not the inhabitants of Cali
fornia " A people" in the sense of this resolution ? If so, then did
ihey not have the right In form and adopt the government which
they considered best calculated " tn secure their liberty, prosperity
and happiness?" But this is not all. It is asserted as a part of
this" creed" that when this " I'EorLE," have ihus formed a govern
nient or Constitution ami ask for admission into the Union "noother
condition is imposfd hy the Federal Constitulion except that their
Constitution be rkpi'IIMCai." The same doctrine was advanced in
tho Southern Address of 184!). in the putting forth of which docu
ment; the gentleman himself bore a most conspicuous part. Has he
so soon forgotten these things ? Have the responses of his great
oracle passed so speedily from his memory J Melancholy indeed is
the reflection that old friendships and associations should so seldom
visit our minds, and when they coino be permitted lo fade so quickly
away ! ' i "
It us test this matter a little further. Suppose the Constitulion
of California had been silent on the subjert ol slavery or had con-
Suiithein bound irr is the 37th parallel f Murh latitude: and t
far from the W ihnol Proviso being applied Is it. Ihe first aeetionof
the act expressly proyitlos that "when admitted as a Slate, the said
territory or any poitiou of the same si all be received into the Union.
with or without Slaiery as their Conslituliun may frescribe. at the
time of Iter admission." And pray is there nothing pa incd here for
'he South? It is plainly a re-establishment of the principle which
was Biirrentlered by tlie dissouri Com iro:nis. It not only d nJt
extend the Wilmot Pron'mtoverlhis tenitory the whole of which
lies North of 36 30 hut itexpr.saly declares that it shall come int
Ihe Union aa a State with or without Slavery as the Peopl- them- ; ioul'1 ,0. 'bought vp by Tezian Bond holder !' Amonpn li,ee
selves may wish. What possible cause of complaint is there in ! 'wiity aeven, I find recorded, the names of Duiley mid McDi.rell
of Virginia, .McLean of Maryland, U'ellborn of Georgia, Cobb of
T It thev des,,rve,l ihe minmliMtinn i,l i,., to. ,.,.... l-
.' I I 'I' v,,si,,i., iiir, , ,i,i it-
expectapproy.il fr,;n his! How is it that extreme have thus so
strangely met? Is it I he sign of ' political initlentum t la the kiV
at last to he down wnh the woll ?
Let us ilis-wt this vote a lulle further. The fcen.IciHn is ford
of proclaiming Ins distrust of iWnVm Whig. Well how it-t
his rule Work Mlliis rase? There wef'e 44 nofliern Whips, aed
hut 13 northern Democrats who voted teilh him against this mea
sure. How does this fact tally with his t'enuncinlinni of northern
Whigs? He say nit vote was lor the South. Will he claim thai
there were but fhiit.?en of his ow p political friends at the north whfr
could he rallied hi stand by the enuih, under the inspiring lopes of
his voice, and vote down this proposition ? There were STSoutl em
Pern if rats who votetl for Ihe Act. Were thy ennitiea of the
all this" Is there not rather reason for congratulation, thai in the
establishment of lllia territorial nvernmcnt truth kind justice have
triumphed over error and fa ii'itaci.in ?
.Alabama, Boyd and SltmnlmiM Kentucky, flou-lin of Mismnri.--
Jitionaiid Evingui reiineesee. ' Johnson M, Arkansas, ia Sere
This is not all. Slavery already existed in Utah. The MormonB j ""' Morse, of lamisinna, Hoicard mid AVnmnn. Texas. WVr
it is said, carried il there. The ninth section of Ihe Act provides men enenves to ilie South I Did they fall eii'tiuistiitheir,ngio
expressly (or writa of error and appeals lo thesiipremo Cnurl pf the Pmvpr 01 I exan lamd-lwlders! Io,no! Htich an imptitulinn dare
onllnancei f 1787 prohihit'ng slavery Incorporated in it. Mr. Polk
approvetl' this bill, and bused that approval expressly upon the
tfiilinds, that Oregon was silualed Norlh of the Missouri line, und
that he desfrt d i., adherer" the spirit of thai compromise.
Thepass-.-ge of this Bill would bav sel'M the iiieslion of slave
ry, as to every li,t of Terriloiy la?lon:ii,g to the United Stales, had
it nut been for u,e fruits of the Mexican Wa r resulting as il did, in
'lb.- arqtiisitii.il of vast territory, lying on both sides of ihe line of 36
man and his friends have ifppoaed its admission ? Would they not
have been quick In revive Ihe doctrine of Ihe South in the Missouri
Controversy m give full vigor nnd efficacy ' ample verge and
United Istiites.s and declares " that in all cases motv'mg title to
Slaves, the. said writs of error or appeals shall he u alloiccd and
decided by the said Supreme Court with or without regard to the talue
of the matter, properly, or title in controversy. "
The same section confers on the Courts of the territory "common
tawjuritdiclbin"nni Ihe last section provides that, ''the Constiintion
and laws of the United Stales are extended over, and declared t
be in force in said territory so far as Ihe same or any portion of them
may be applicable.
VVhai fnllnwi from these provisions? There is a 'plain recogni,
tlon of the relation ul master and stave the Courts are opened to
try title In slaves and common law jurisdiction is given those Cnnris.
Besides this the fugitive Slave law enacts ''that nhenany person held
to servitude or lalwr in any state or territory. Six shall escape, ifcc.'t
To what territory d ies this enactment reter ? Not In Minesota or
Oregon, because slavery is expressly forbidden in both. Utah and
New Mexico arc tlie only territories to which it ran apply. The
i gentleman insists that the difficulty is the stipp vcd existence nf the
Mexican laws abolishing nlavery. Bnt whatever may be said of
those who believe these laws doexisl, how will this avail him or
such at think with him? e enter!., ins the opinion that those taw,
ceased to have an force affer ihe territory was acquired from Mex.
ico. Bill if Ihey were in force before tlie passage of the Utah bill, do
r ot the provision! to which I have referred, by implication at least, te
peal them ? If they do not, still there i ample provision made ib
-.. 1 .1 : J .1.- .....I , i . . sv
la iso ,or qursiiini nu iry me ,,up w mavcv, iiy me oupreme VOUTj
of the Uniun, and how can any man1 who sustained the Clayton
not he made. He dare not make i". against Whig or Democrat by
name. Again, there were 49 Northern roles fir the measure, and
69 Soullu-rn.a maj rity often from Ihe slave Stain! The bill
passed by majority of ten. It passid then by Southern voles.
We are inttcbied it teems to hut .own Represent,! lives. (Whigs an,f
Democrats.) for the success of an act. wlHise provisions are so ru
inous to our interest, so vinVive of our rights, and whose pursagi.
through Congress, if the gentleman' charge he true, wsk niMike,
by so much, that should be hninilialing louirr person' niuf niitim.
pride.' ''Tell it nut iu Gall. V
But what is ill is measure which aetms t bnve tnnliK'.e4 snejj
,repidi linn in the nerres of ,'he' geutieinin ? 'I he (ieiVer U Gove'r
ment and Texuj were ilispiitiug about the hound irie between lhar
Stale and New Mexico. A conflict was about to ensue, which iii
all probibdily would have apread into a general civil war. It was
rososed to pay Texas ten millions f dollars, lor all the territory she
Iaimed, north ofa line rimningr west tr9,n Ihe 1 CM)" ot ,s longitude
1 1 Carrier a Naig.
well
Tilis. Tlie s,ple
I evil." , i - ...
Well, California and New Mexico had bvn acquired, " by ihr
,f Texas, n iIo . . ite-Burc of tlie hole Union." They needed
Kan irvvhelming '!'"J' ''"" .ymne.its. CoitgreM was bouu.l, by treaty Jfl'inilations, and in
C'litialtl," .aiunuary line pr,ip,'d j T , t- ... ,v . ,. .
i v ( '..iigres-. tin! the !.fgih' lure I justice, to give them efficient ctul gvtcrmnnU , I his duty was de
ls oNihW-t il action "I tiie j hived frian time totime, owing to the ronflirt belweeb the North and
j.ople. Well, whit.irellie'f.re-1 (tln(.f king to extend the Wilmct Proviso over
T W.!r1t.sim '"""j those territorien, the latter resisting It a. unjust and unconstitutional.
thai ,rr i ne of Ihei'r wtnaee l j In the mean while the immense and astonisliing riches of California
secession I la not Texas a t-ove. w mlt vw The accounts which readied na of the ex-
r;ign and ..Kteruiii'm n. .. discoveries of gold in that fegion, were more like ihe
ii i- sit. siltl, tviio has any ng.n , .... ,. .' , ; .. .
t -. i-iiiiril iii f ; rP,.,ti,uis iif laoie man reMiny. , "in -,",".-".. i"-f;.i
' i- " " j fl.iw in the aitectton of lhat land of pnanise. Wave succeeded
Th. Ii-iiht'i .JIIiisir.M News, Nw ww lhey ifnnmy , wW,il1w,,but U.hl.iiilellige.,l
"",Pr.0V.-of,ls,ip'r,,:.,,,J adiDiMis .-vn of all clasps ami i,voe:.'ons.v,li knew the
space enougl)"-lo ihe " creed" of Mr. Calhoun as set forth in his j cmp,!,,, a panacea for the ills that threaten Os, insist that
nothing is gained by this Act for tlie South f t contend thai the
provisions nfihs Utthanl N ,w Mexico territorial bills in reference
tn slavery are substantially the same with those of mat Compromise,
(or whicli ihe gentleman and his friends voted, and for opposing
which no quarter was shown tn a few southern men men who voted
u gainst il. If there la? any doubt on the question whether Slavery
can legally exist there, whether it w (hut out by any taw of Mexico
prior to the treaty of Gaudulupe Hidalgo, why, provision is expressly
made for trying titles to slaves, nnar nbich tl opinion of tliesu.
preme Court may be obtained nn ihi very question.' This Mr. Cat
hmtn, himself, ariil if I am not mistaken, all a ho acted with him I
were willing tn abide, Howlheit.l again ask, can this measure
be made the caitse of just complaiiH in tiie Snath Are wt mt
estopped from so doitig by nnr uft reconleil opinlosst ' ' ; i
I aottit lo ill it part of the Compromise, whicli more lli'aa try other
seems to have excited the hostility uf the gentleman, ami aroused to
its full height, his patriotic Indiana fe" ! Tlie Texas lnVidary and
.New Mexican Tetritorlal bill, tint abote all thing dune by' Congresa,
since Ihe day nf the Alien and Sedition laws, is filled witTC'gorgims,
hydras and eh interne dire !" it hat ran ro:igh-hei over t! rights
of poor, Mpless, defenceless Texas, wburs (Senator til Repre
Resolutions and Speech of 1817 ? He well knows that if California
hid presented a Cnnsiitniioii either silent at tn tlavery or establish,
ing it. and ihe North hid attempted Hie game they did iii reference
to Missouri, we should have heard nothing from him about extensive
bouisf iries, sparse population, irregularity of pna-eedings, and
that exploded Inlmbng, Executive, dictation ! No, all would have
been as nular as clock work, inhabitants would have been man
u In ctn red faster than men sprung up Iron, the teeih of Cadmus, and
tlie'Kesoliitions of '9 and '!)9, Magna Chart t and though last,
not bust, tlie) Southern Address, would have all la-en appealed to in
defence ol the right of a people In self government ! All such dif
ficulties" as liovv appeal1; would then have been as empty bubbles on
the vast sea of reawn, which he would have brought to bear in fa
vof f the immediate and vncondititmal admission uf glor'iont Cstl
fornia a' ftate!
He' says be waa fiir extending the Mtsaoari Compromise line
nrrojs California to ihe Pacific Now I contend that such t policy
would have been inostsuicitlaltolhe Soulli. How siamls the east?
Those who have had ample opportunity to form a correct judgment
dnclare that the portion of California South of W 30', is not adapt
ed lo slave labor, -tlial Ilie insiitntiou eonld not exist toere. In a
.nCHHwiaJ eenl lo CongTiWS no the li.h March. 1850, by Measrs.
F
Fretn'trt.n.1 GvWii.b.'r S.,at,ea, and Iter two K'-priwoniutivee, I j enia-lives auai.uonea lie
iiiid tie "!! in? I.iug'iair' ! ! hiim Haling to relate, it
senta-tives abai.doncd her it) the kuar ( peri! and Jixiress, and
wat a irttarbfflt ,fhh lo dsti"il
0n ihe line ot 3b'" 30' north latitude, ut.til it rrach.d II e lod la
alllel of longiiude ; tlien, down (hit line South, until it rn ia-ii il,
ineof32', and with thut line to the Rio (Jr.iud",at El Pasn. Fi,t.
a map which I h ive oeforo ine, pr.ipi rej ul tiio (ieueral Laud OrTu'e j
from the Treaty Map, it appears that this line cut offaboiit bti.Oftu
tviare miles Ifian tlie territory cluiiuid by Texaa. Of ,U, ti.wi
square miles were, south of tlie line ti 3Su 30' r.nd nV' residue a,iri
of it extending up to the 4!2 o latitude,. Tine tritnry Ivinir ,m
the east side of the lib Grande, together with Urge potii.m ,.f'
country weal of that river, was Iiy an art, erect, d into the ivrriiory
of New Me.licn. Novv I nnderstaud hi lo coiitcfti.ilsit by mi.,-i .
the whole of the territory lying east of Ihe Itio. Jiranw, wlvteJi w-i-a
cut off 1'rttin Texas, has lieen surrendered to Free Aiil'mm. Il. tv I
take issue wiihhim.. What are the acts J ; , , , 4 '
Tho Joint Resolution for annexing Texas -t its Un it'll St -1 t.
declared Hint new Sta.es oi convenient tizv, not 'xeivdmi; lour i.i
number, in addition la the Stale of Trias, an.! I, ,v ing siilVp ieni p,p.
nlatinn, may lien'slter, by tlie. consent of Ua ait! .Sinte, Ih hirun d
out of ti jritory iher. of, which mail be entitled t duisio! under'
Ihe Federal Constitution. And tiich Slut s as may he lori-Setl out
of that pJttrlioli uf said trrhory lying south ,.f iliiriy iil degrees ihit
ty minute, riorih latitude, enmmiMiiy kiaivvn as 'ti.e .llisum'ri rotn
uromiae Hue, aliall lie adiuiit into Ihe Ua t tt ith or without slatm
as the Venpk of each Ulatc, ayking ttW.nr,.. imiry Jre. And iin
such State nt Slates as shall he formed on' A," na i I ternUry irf of
said M'h'sou'ri rtanpnaniso line, ri'iiery or isuxdunlary, senitud (ex.
cept lor crimes) shall be ntnmBiTiB ".. : .
it will be seen from lb s, th. i in l the Territory of Texa which'
lay Norlh of 36 30, (aimai 44,000 square inliosj sisvety Wasrx'
pressly priihibited, whilst aS south ol that litn-, was lobe wimiite-t
uiloliie UiiMMiiriVt w without sleoery as might tas thuirii b) lo
people asking tiliniteitin. . . ,
Now the second section of the New Mexican Tertilorial At r x.
press'y declares thai When admllteil as a Hint tdaaht Terrii..r
y pnrtinttof the f.imM be receire4 into lite Union, wrr
MX ITHol'T FI-AVERT AS IHSIK CoNSTITUTtOfl H IT K(r.i;i iT
THE TINE of TltE ADssn." VVhat tesui'ts tmi.l rii lin. Why
ilia I the proWiTtioit imjiosetf hy the ncxv.tim, Uesoiutions.iin lhat
prl bf Tex- Territv.onh til rMlitirr :m wnise line, tf
xpreiwlv n-ffUM, aiMlj'aii.i iinr Hie fol nu, in v?ry ru-