Newspapers / The North-Carolina Star (Raleigh, … / April 12, 1833, edition 1 / Page 2
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4 1 pre-ve any thin if the plain teit of tins instrument ttaell, a well as me u-s4arT imDlication fro other provi kin. rrove tnr thin?! if the early lr'iklt!o& of Congress, the course o judicial deciins, acmcdUtby l the States for fot ty years, pro ft any tMnsfTtnea in phwht tnartnere-t 'supreme' lawand a final -f interpreter. J - -Mr' fourth and last propoVuion, Mr. ProHulnl. was. that any attempt by a - r Snrattf -or-ni ItrtV .-act of . ('..n rrrti. U at USUrWittVnthe powers of the General Government, and n the equal rights of other States, a violation uf the Constitution, and i V iwe!ogMW atnmarj. Thtfis undoubtedly true, if the pre ceding v"pnipwitisin be regarded ax ---TrnrvewwiA-tl- " 1 ViiJ State be. trusted with the bity, in any department,' ef declaring ih extent of iu own ,powe rfc thea Stat. ordinance or act td" lesiilatioiv ' mi thnrtiinT resistance to an art of A'wrre, m the alleged ground ofit iiucias'iiuiionaiiiy, jauuuiiiviij u iiu million upon it power. v ',-, lfthe,SUte heeqaal riglitTin " nutters concerning the whole, then . ( x oue State toet, tip her Judgment - i'ninillhe judgment of the rest, and ' to insist on executing that judgment by T frrce, i als a manifest usurpation on the right! of other State. ; . IIft'lu A,.it.tutiott f -tlieXiuted Sf.it MI Go vefttraent' proper; with . authority to pass law,, and to give them a tlnllrm iiiierjirvamMi aim ..v...- . fton, then ilia interposition of ablate, -.r enforce her own-eonatf action. arid '' tn resist, a to herself, that Jaw which bin J the other States, i a violation of the Const.tulion. 7 . """'.. : And if tint hs rewutmnary which a.reg -ipttkww . of obedience... anil flevate: .A another twainirAdWem "itrtttrflti5 - then nulUSiaUon i revolutionary. J-4lti( that be revolutionary, the natural . tendency and practical ehect of which is to break tlie Union into fragments, T tflieveril! co' . pie of the respective States, and to - prostrate ht General Governmen t in r- t lie d u st, the noal lificatioir 4sre vol . . tionary. . 1 .. . .': - - - NuHiueation, air, u as uisunciiyre ' rolutionary aisecessiou; but I cannot '"-"ay 1haf the rettfltttioB Tikh-iyieek i one of so -respectable a character. Secession i would, it" is" rueiban(lon the coftititutioiiaUoiethett but then it - - would profess to abando-i- it. . What . ever otlier inconsistencies it iniht "un"into,7neit least; h -wflultJLavou " It would not belong fil Govtrnmeht,' while it rejected . its authority. -It -?-oalaVottepeliherlwrdn-aiHl con ": " tinue to enjoy the benefits." Ir would - not aid in passing laws which others arc to obey, andyet, eject their, author ity a to itself. It would not under- - ta'ke tbreeoncile obedience to public authority, vith an asserted right of command - over that same authority. irofltld ;-Ht bioh;ternmenti; and above the Government at the same - time. But bowevcrimorexespjecUible ' a mode of secession may be, it is not more truly revolutionary than - the iiulliaci&mTtliainac the constitutional authorities) both, eud each, would sever the Union, and Asubverttlie Governmcat J 'y? ".iMr. President; haviig detained the Renate so loig already, I will not now examine, at length, the ordinance and j Jaws of South Carolina. . These pa wn are Welt drawn for their purpose; ' -Their author l anderatootl their own ' iibjects. They are called a peaceable , remedy; and we have- been; told -that ' - 'South Ciirljlifl87afWrUfTntefltltioth ' . ing but a lawsuit. f A very few words, 'r, will show the nature of this pea j - eeable remedy, and "of the laws-suit which South Carolina contemplates. In the first place' the ordinance declarea the lawofasiJuly-en!!! other laws of the Uniteil States laying rdutiratobeabaoliitelrmUnd'Toid." - and makes it nlawfulfor the coBsUtoAJ tcd authorities of the United States to - enforce the payment of such duties. i It'ia. therefore, airman rinihctable ,1 - offence, at this moment, in South Car l olina, for any persoft to be concerned ia collecting rerenuet aadcr the laws ?' , of tlie United StaUa. It being declar ; ' t unlawful to collect these duties by ' 'Z: what is considered a fundamental Jaw I - of the State; t an, Indictment lies of """course against any-one- eoncerned-ia ? - such collection, and he is, on general I principles, liable to be punished by i ...-line aod imprisonment. . The terms, . " it is true, are. that it is unlawrul- r'to- it enforce the payment of duties;" but , , every custom" bouse I' officer tnotcet payment wane lie ucuim me gooMs, ia order to obtain such payment. : The ". ordinance therefore, reaches every - . body concerned in the collection o the i ' -i-.f - - v... - "i -. i' ' This is tKe first etep in the proser a r 4 tion of the peaceable remedy. ; Tlie : - second is more decisive. 7 By tlie act I commonly- called the replevin law, a- ny peraou whose goods are Seized . or detained by the collector for tlie pay- ; " " ment of dutiea,-;wayx'acrve,butvrrwri'e' jf of replevin, and by virtue of that writ, J ' "ibe good are to be restored to Mm. - 5 writ of replevin is a writ which the ! l-hfrifTi bound to execute, and for i , " the execution of which, he i bound to l'': I f": mnloT force, if necessary. lie may call out the ooe, and must do ot if 1- m i.Im Ttkilt mrim Anw' 1u armed or anarmcd. ' It may come Twrth witls Uitary array, and under ti.e lead of rnilitary meo.Whatcver . more than by any W1 number of tn mar b awmbkdUoivery proceed.ngn of South Carolina. Charlatan, thly m-be . ummonedTJsir. all Europe , a th mmpenf, be with the tiorerJor, or commander ln lioldihaml lookg for the w.e :U chief, at their Lead. t come in aid of fh. contxo.ersy; ,to5e wlio 1. ate free ti l,erift'. It i. evident, then, fa'tut "T&ffi rhaFthe whfelmTR HtateiHWplvedVhjneveMe . i .i;-m.a;ii the cvttoitt 1'be eattie, theosrWrae-CaiMe i..n l, kl i ixmr 4nJ hold- "7 i. . 9 .-T . . .. . 1 i v l lira fv- -t .c'rL . a 4ka-aMniii - aran 4H in pracMe remedy. V v !!ir, whaterer pretences may oe set i up to the contrary;, ihia ;w. the aireci epjilicatioii of force, and of military force It lannfawful, in ttseir, to f e. nlevr z(hm in the rustodff the col. lectom. :it inw nniawiui act is.iw ire 4mv.dit ita-bedou4y 4a14.powr osition,' by phy-. the lavrrof the Here U a plain interposition, weal furcf. tn resist the la' fniiin. The lejjiil modeof collecting Jotie I to lU'tain gootlii till sucii uu fir are pid or serured. But force come anil over-powers the collector, and hi aitatif. and takes awav the . I 'I fnH, leavmsr me wanes unpaiu. Iliere cannot be a clearer case of for- ciide resistance )o law. And It U bio vided that the ooih thus sei.eil. shall be" held aiost any attempt to retake them, by the same orce which seized them. flivinz tli'is dipoiisesspd the olfi- cer of tha ivernmeiit of the cuoda. withwit -paviit of dutw,- ami ftei.-.l M iand secureil tliein liy tne strong arm f tlw State, only one thing more remained to b; ilone and that i, to 4dr IV pokbltU voflesal re4lreaf 4 tliat, too,, is-- accomplijheJ, or est ami that, too, h accomi) -tlioudit to be acromplished. The or- linance decrees, that all judicial pro crethnet John leil on fht revenue latrx. Hie ciMiri in iiib v. in i iri i iiairf., j aiuui udicialiHiwer .of the United States. Fheim!-4W4et 4aUiacL' TTi requires all Slate judges and jurors in the State courts to swear that thev will .execute: ;the ...ordinance-, and all acts of the ,Lrrislatiire, passed in pursuance ihereof; - -The oHlinaneedeelaresv "'t no apjeal shall be allowed from the IrcHion of the State tourts to the hn- prettte Court of the United States; and the replevin act makes it an indictable lience tor any clerk to lurnish a copy f the record, for tlie purpose of such 1 lie two pnnrtpal pr,tvviions on which South Carolina relies, to resist the laws f the Uaitl Statesaud nul- ify the authority of this Government, are, therefore, these: 1, . A- forcible, seizu re. of cooils be,- fore tlie duties are paid wruecured,- bvth the power of the State, civil and mili tary. S.Thr takiTrtrawiiT.by- the-most eifeciual means in her power, ofall le- eal redress tn the courts ot the United Statet; the confining" all judicial pro ceedings to her own State tribunals; and the compelling of her judges and jurors of these her own courts, to take an oatn oeiorenanw, inat tnev wiii ue- cide all caseraCToirlrn'2to "tuerdi-' nahceand the acts passed under it; thafls, that they will decide the cause one way; They do not swear to try on ..ila.iiwjneriUctltev only swear wWTi'fe n atf-nttiHucatwtt.reufres..,,. Tlie character, sir, of these provi sions,- defies comment. Their object is as plain aV their means are extra ordinarv. They propose direct resis tance, by the whole , power of the State, to law oLCongress, tdcutolr, by method deemed adequate, any re dress by legal" and judicial authority, 'niey arrest legislation, defy the Kx- . i i ..M ii.. ecuuve. aiiu vwiun me juuiciui uuw- er of this Government. fhey-author- ize and coiiimarftl acts to ba done, and done by force, both of numbers and of arms, which if done; and done by firetvrft: clearly acts of rebellion aud treason. . Suchsir, are tlie laws of South Ca- rul'ina; siich. sir. In .the. Pacj;aJjlejrg mcdy of -nullification. Jla not nulli- ficattoareaehwl-sirr-even tlvua early, i . . i . a t e- t . f tnat-pnint vi uirect tnu lorciuio resis tance to law, which I intimated, three years azi, TTplaitil y tended? And now; Mr.f resident, wnat ia the reason for passing law like these? What are the oppressions experienced under the Union, calling for measure which tliu threaten to sever and de stroy) hi, Y haLky sion s of public UQeny, Wnat rjiin to nrivaio uappiness, what long list of rights .violated, or wrongiJftreAlre.ssed,sJbJusUf the country, to posterity, and to the world,; thie assault upon the free con stitution of the United States, tills gieat and gTbrious wot pfour fathers?" t this very moment, sir, the whole land 'miteriit peace; and rejoices in plenty. y,A general and a high prosper? ity pervade the country ; and, judg ing by the common stamlard, by in crease of population and wealth; or judging by the opinions of that portion ot her people not embarked in those danjerou and .desperate measures. this prosperity oyeWipreads South Ca rolina herself. Thus, happy at home, our country, at the same time, hold hidi the cha racter1 ot her tustitatiohij- her power', her rapid growth, and her future des tiny in the eyea of all foreign States. I One danger, only, creates hesitation) one doubt only exists ,to darken the otherwisennclouded brightness of that ispect, Which he exhibits to the view. and to the admiration oi the world. jSfeed t say, that that doubt respect the permanency of onr Union ; and need I av, thalThat doubt ia now caused, I-et the world know the caase which- Kn inflnrpd Ane SUte of the Un t i.i.l 1ttfirk-s a h rwtwr of the - hvu tu v u a-- i . . ., j whoieana openiy ftV lat wi vvvvv- Sir, the world, will scarcely believe that this whole' controversy, and all i the desperate measures whidf its sup port requires, have no oiner iwurraiH tion tlian a diflereftte of opinion, upon 4prv t ween a majority of the people of South Carolina, on one side, and a yastma- jontvot the whole people 01 uie unit ed -States orv the other,- It will npt credit the factf-it will not admit the possibility that, in an enlightened age, in a free, popular republic, under a Government where the people govern, as they must always govern, under such svstems. by majorius, at a time of unprecedented happiness; without practical oppression, without evils, such as may not only be pretended, but3felt and . experienced; evils, jiot slight of temporary, but deep, perma nent, and intolerable, a single State should rush, into conflict with all the rest, aitempT to put Wwii tlife rjowcr of the I'liion by her own laws, and to support those laws by her military pawerand Jliu breaLupjirLd, dMrpy; the world's last hope. .And well the wrlu may be incredulous, we, who heir and see it, can ourselves hardly yet betieve it Kven after all that bad preceded H.tWis ordinance struck the country with ama.emint. Itwasin- redjlifftandioc South Carolina should thM"p1-'ulige''TiM3Tong'J'' iHtowsfiaWMeh'iaw' twit-' tcr of opinion, and on a question in which tlio preponderance of opinion, both of, the present day and of all past time, was so overwhelmingly against her.. The. .ordiiiapce,.., declare? Congresses exceeded its just power, by laying; duties on imports, intended fjr the protection of manufactures. This is the opinion of South Carolina antl on the strength of that opinion she nullifies the laws. Yet has the rest of the country po right to its opinions also? Is one State to" sit sole arbitress? ..She- maintain ,, that- those .law ..are plain, iteliburate, and palpable viola tions of the constitution; that she has a sovereign right to decide thisjnatterx and, that, having so decided, she is ireaist ihetc eieciitioa, . by her own sovereign power; and -she de- il.iAd cIia will rocict if Ilifillcrl Biirti resistance lwuiunatter-ttet.-BMvi- to atoms. . : .. Mr. President, I do not intend to discuss tlie'propriety of these .laws at large; but 1 will ask, how are they sho wn to be thus plainly and palpably unconstitutional? Have they no countenance at all ia the constitution a sudden and vrotentriisurpation on the rights ot the States? bir, what will the civilized word say; what will $iteritf similar laws have "existed from the er foundation of the Government; that for thirty years the power, was never questioned; and that no State in the Union has more freely and unequivo cally admitted it than South Carolina herself? To lay and collect duties and im posts, is an erpress power granted by the constitution to Congress! , It is, also, an exclusive power for the con stitution, a expressly prohibits all the States from exercising it themselves.' This express and exclusive power is unlimited in1 the termrnf Jthe grant, but i . attended with two specific re strictions; first, that all duties, aud nnposts shall be etrual in alt the State; accondTlliat no- duli5"5hatt brlaid-oit export. The power, then, being grant- td, Si being attended wifh these two re strictions, 5: no' more. who is to impost! i third restriction on the general words of the grant? lfthepovertolay du ties, as knowri among all other nations, and as know ti in all our history, ' and as it was perfectly understood when the constitution was adopted, includes a right of discriminating, while exercis ing the power, and of laying 8nmedu ties heavier, and some lighter for the sake of encouraging our own domestic products,"what' autharity-i there for tri vinir In flip wnrda niil in th rnncti. . ... tutioa a new, narrow, and unusual ineamn2?JAH the'- limitation -which the constitution intended, it, has ex pressed; and what it- has . left unre stricted, is as much 'a part of it " will, as the restraint which it has impos- ed. - Bat these laws, it is said, are un constitutional on account of the mo tive. How, eir, can a law be examin ed on any such ground? How is the motive to "be ascertained? ' One House, or one member, may have one motive) the either House, or another mcmoer; anotner. une motive may operate xp-nay, ana anomec to-morrow. Upon any such mode of reasoninz as this, -one law might be unconstitution al now, and another law, in exactly the same words, perfectly constitu tional next year. Besides, Article may not only be taxed, for the purpose of protecting home products, but other article may be left free, for ,K the same purpose andiththe same mo live. : A law, - therefore, -.would ie- tincotntitutionat from v.hit-it4 enma omitted as well as what it contained. Mfi President, it is a settled principle, acknowledged in ail legistative halls, recognized befors all tribunals, sane tioned by the general sense and un deratoiiaw; bTwiankiiHl.;" fliat2JS.fg ;cih be no iiiquirv into the motives ot those who bas faws, for the purpose of determining on their validityr-lf tlii law be within the fair' meanidz of thwordin the grant of the power, its authority niustbeadmittedTintiltt isrepeaiea. auisruie, every wucre acknowledsed, every where admitted, is repealed, iuu rule, every wnere is bo universal, ana so compieteiy4iue puwci . it6iaVc nauc. tuui without exception, as that even an af- flegationrf fraudn-lluniajorilyiif a Legislature, is not allowed as aground to set aside a law. , ' - BuTrtsTr"true, tKat the" motive for these laws is such as is stated? I think hot. The great object of all these laws is unquestionably, kEVk K.UK. If tiiere were no occasion for revenue, the laws would not have been passed; and it is notorious that almost the entire revenue of the country is de-j rived from them. And as yet, we have collected none top much revenue. The treasury has not been more 'ex hausted for many year than at the. present moment. All that South Car olina can say, U, that in passing the laws which she now undertakes to nullify, particular articles were taxed i from a regard to the protection of do- have been had no mch regard htm en lerluined. And he insists that, ac cording -to.-the - constitution,, no such discriinination can be allowed; that duties should be laid for revenue, & for revenue only; and that it is unlawful to have reference, in any case, to protect tian. - f-other -wordii,sli desk the power of mseuiMix ATios. She does riot, and cannot complain of excessive taxa tion; on the 'contrary i '!8lii8'proTesseslo be; willing to' pay airy 'amoant fdrrev- enue, merely as revenue; and up to the present moment there is no sur plus of revenue. Her grievance, then, that plain and palpable violation of the iconstitutLon rwbiclviisbe ransists wJas taken place, is simply the exercise of the power ot imscrimikati'u?. ... ISow, hir, is the exercise of this power of dis- crimination piainiy anu paipatiiy un constitutional? I have already said tlie power" to lay duties is given by the constitution ..in , broati. and . general terms. There is also conferred on Congres the whole power of -regulat-ing .commerce, iaanother distinct pro vision. Is it clear and palpable, sir, can any man say it is a case beyond doubt, that under these two powers Congress may not - justly-BMrtHf in faying duties for the purpose of countervailing the policy of foreign na tions, or . of favoring our own home productions? . Sir, what ought ta ..con clude this question lorevcr, as it would seem to me. is, that the regulation of commerce and the imposition of du ties are, in all commercial nations, powers avowedly and constantly exer cised lor tins very end. l hat undent because the constitution buxht ta. be considercd, when it uses welt known language, as using it in its well known sense. But it . is equally undeniable tha tf Tt-has Jueertj fully believed that- this power of dis crimination was conferred on Con gress; and the constitution was itself recommended, urged upon the people, and enthusiastically insisted on, in some of the States, for that very rea son. lot that, at thaTTTnieTthe coun try was extensi vely engased in manu factures, especially of those kinds now existing. But the trades and crafts of the seaport towns, the business of the artizans, and manual laborers, these employments, the work of which sup plies so great a portion of -the- daily wants of all classes, all these looked to thesnew constitution as a source of re lief from the severe distress w hiqh fol towed the war. It would,-sir, be un pardonnbler at sn hftfan- 1iriiirpfh into neians on tnis point; out the trutn is as I have " stated. "The papers of the flay, the fesolution of 'public meetings, the debates-in the conven tions, all that we open our eyes upon, in the history of the times, prove it, The honorable gentleman, sir, from South Carolina, has referred to two in cidents' connected ."with the proceed ings of the Convention at Philadelphia, which he think are evidence to. show that the power of protecting manufac tures, . by laying duties, and by com-l incitiai reguiaiiouB, was not intenneti xt..j- i to be given by Congress. .The first is, as he says, that a power to protect manufactures was expressly proposed, but not granted. 1 think, sir, the gentleman is quite mistaken in relation to this part of the proceedings of the Convention. "Tlie vvliole history ot the occurrence to which he alludes is simply this: Towards the conclusion of the Con ventionTaftcr the pro visions of thfcxonstitution had been mainly agreed upon, after the power to ay du ties and the power to regulate' com merce had both been granted, a long list of propositions was made, and re ferred to the committee, containing Yaridu j miscellanebu powers, gome or all of which it was thought might be properly vested in Congress ' Among these, was a power to establish a uni versity) to grant charters- of, incorpo ration; to regulte stage roaches on the post roads; and also the power to wnicn tne gentleman reters, and which lKr 'k,ei'i' !9??r, s4'gy some tnaoufactaret WhcfTeitis tabhshi public nstituuons,reward,on formed, t.ri advance towards ner" )- - . i ' --.-...j, t".IU and imnjunitic, for the. proraottoni of agrkultu??. rommerce, -traces ami nianuiaciures. ... t uecuniuuiiec muue uo report oa this or various other pro positions -i the --same -4isUi -Uu.t the Only lluereucc iiuiu una umisaiuii is, that neither the " committee nor the Convention thought it . pro'nejfjfli u thorize Congres "to txtablUh public institutions, rewardtund immunities'" for-therpfomotiw of manufacture and other interests. The Convention supposed it had done enough, at rate it had done all it intended, v any when itTiad' given to Congress, in general u - itertns, the power to lay imposts and to be argued, irom its omission to give jnore, thatjt meant to fake back what itfhaa at ready gi ve n. k OTiatfv e nTlie impost power; it had given the regu-1 lation oi iraue; anu n uiu not ueejit n it necessary tb give the further and distinct power of establishing public institutions. . The other fact, sir, on which the gen tleman relies, i the declaration of Mr. Martin, to the Legislature of Maryland. The gentleman supposes Mr. Martin ToT have urged against the constitution that it did not contain the' power of protec tion. But, if the , gentleman wilt lonk again'atwhat Mr. Martin said, he will find, I think, that what Mr.Mattin com plained of was, that the constitution, bv its prohibitions on the States, had taken away from the States themselves the power ol protecting their own manufac tures by duties on imports This is undoubtedly fruf but! iind no expres sion of Mr. Martin intimatio? that the constitution had not conferred on Con gress '-"the tame power which :it had thur taken from the States. But, sir, let us go to the first Con gress; let us look in upon this and the other House, at the first session of their wnizrtr'r',,,w'"-- Weseem both Houses men di4tin gujdjgfniet advocates, of the constiiu;i'in. We see triflthth and matured, the instrument in the Con vention, explained and defended it be foie the people, "and Were now elected members of Congress to put the new Go. vernment tirto ff'Ottim; and to cirry the powers of the constitution into benefi cial execution. At the head of the Government wa Washington himself, who had been Pre sident of the Cpvention, and in his cab inet were others most thoroughly ac quainted with the .history of the consti tution, and distinguished for the part taaen in us uiscuwton. If these persons were not acquainted with the meaning of the constitution: if they did not nderstand the work of tneirown nanas, wn can onuerstand it, or who shall iwmv- interpret if to Sir, tne volume which records the I preceedingr and debates ofthellrsU hapP-D lh,t theJ ,,a'1 ,onn fo.r session of the House of Represents tfvetJ lies before me. I open it, and I find that; having provided for the adminis tration of the necessary osths. the very first measure proposed for consideration is, the laying of impnts; and in the very first Committee of the Whole into which the House of Representatives eierestyed itself, on this its earliest sabjecUaiftjithij Its verj firsl : debate, the duty of so laying the impost a to encourage manufactures wa advanced, and enlarged upon by almost every speaker;" and- doubted or denied " by noher rhe"' first" gentleman "who sug gests this ss the clear duty of Congress, and as an object necessary to be attend ed to, is Mr. Fitzsimon. of Pennsylva nia; the second Mr. Whitejof Virginia; the third Mr. Tuckert of South Caro lina." . -,. , - - But the jjreat leader, ir, on this oc casion, was Mr, .Madison, Wa Be likely tu know the intentions of the con vention and the people?. Was he likely to understand tne constitution? At the second silting of the commit tee, Mr. Madisorf explained his own opinions of the duty of Congress, fully and expircKTyvI must h6( detain you, dir. with more than a few short extract from these opinions, butthey are such ae are clear, intelligible, and decisive. Therare,fyrie7-vthirririt -most advanced m population, and rioe for manufacture, 9ughtTto-bfttheif.i particular interest attended to, in some degree. While these State retained the power of making : regulation of trade, they had the power to cherish suchinstitutionv By adopting the pre tnt constitution, they ha v - thrown the exercise of this power into other haipJ; hey must have done this with an ex pecjatioti-iliaf those iolerests would hot be neglected here." '-; , -H :- In another report of the same rpeerh, ?Ir."3la Jisiin iOepreented aI using ; stilf stronger Unguuge; a ayingthat thjpn.Ujot.in havipgjjike'nithi power a wy from the States sml- con ferred it on Congress, it would be a fraud on the State and on ( the" peoples were Congress fo refuse to exercise it.r . Mr. Madison argues, sir, on this early and intereting; occasion, -very j!tlyjnd: liberally in favor of the gen- erai principles ol unrestricted 'comt merce. I5ut he argue also, with equal force and clearness, for certain imporJ the hurnose tant exceptions these general piinci b(e gentleman ha changed ha f . , ion; mv object i other, anu ms"' The first, sir, respects those manu- do ' it for ' the sake of saying, Jactures svhich hd been bi ougU - fin- cannot be o plainly aud pa'P8;'; waru: unuer encouragement by the State Governments. Jt would, be cruel," says M r. M adison. to neirlect them, and to divert their industry into uiiir, viiaiuiris, lur It is not possibie lor' the hind of man to shift from one em ployment to another without being in? lection-without ao adrentiubuf aid; ItiUcriminuJef W&t'&tMF hile others, for want r,f tU f and of Governmest will bet hand vn nn it All. - I therefore, will be necessary t tuc piwpci wjcui itir mis tun-- l ii i a nil. ,u. .ik .nuiucr gcuciai i . !. ,-xnii again. , next exception that occurs i , ' which great .tress j. UU1 by informed men, and this with gre sibility ; tTiat eachiDation sliuu'J l within itselftbe means ofdefeB dependent of foreign supplies; tu' whatever relates to the opened war, no State ought to depend J precarious supply from any prti world. There may be some trwi this remark, snd therefore t t ' I for4egislative a tt ention.' ' - - . - In ihasame debate, sir,, .mVj ' from Soitth; Carolina. innrmi-i,i , on hemp; for the express pu,rp(tft, couriging its growth tin the tron!, of South Carolina. ' Cottou,wkis " wa also in contemplation , them, and if good .seed could J cured, he hoped might succeed." , terwards, sir, the cotton seed tt j taioed, its culture was protected.u, did Jcceed.' Mr. Smith, a tinuiihed member I ber from the ssmei ' observedl "J bas been aid,i0 . Jy that the. btaiei which adopts constitution expected itsadminiitn would be -conducted with a (avo--hand. The manufacturing Statett ed the encouragement of manufatu1 the maritime State the encoarioes of-hipbuildiflg;,: andlhtivJigrkt' States, the encouragement of r culture." 4 J , S,,f J StrHj$etoiths ' ing no more .extracts from them bates. I have already shown a mi ty of the members of South Carotid, f this very first session. acknowU .4bi power of pratscjotjiig &f ; exercise, aoo proposing in extensm their,'OWn":-nrodueti.te Siinitf W tioniiranif'froWV str,- in-the- whole-debatert iitr page'yetr operr tne otwaeryw ld puwc4- Buuiiiieu, anu juu una n Ipp to the protection of particular Inu or not applied, according to the disc power no man doubled if; the questions were, in regard to the ev articles proposed lolie taxed,whc they -were fit subjects for. protect and what the amount of that protect ought to ba.; Will gentlemen.iir, t aojwer the argument drawn from (I proceedings . of the first Congfes Wilt JjieylunderUkeTtf deny thitf Congress i did act .onthe avowed f ciple of protectioti?iiOr,if,theyii! it, will, they tell' us how 'thou framed the contitilion.fell,,thuei( . imojnis great mistaKe.aoout.iti ingf Will they tell us bow it purposes? I confess I have answer to this argument, nor n ' spectable attempt to answer Jt J ir, how did r- this debate Tteiipit: What Itw was passed? There it Hi: sir, among the statutes, the second in the book. It has a preamble, i that preamble eTprtsely recitei, L the duties which it impose :a.t V " for the support of Government, fe discharge or the debt of the Ui ! State,- and the encouragement i sir, this early , Jeg'wlation, lhu tc with the comtitution itself, thus fulli explicit, can be explained awif, j man ckn doubt of the meaning instrument. j Mr. President, this power ofi crimination, thus admitted, avow j and practised upon, in the first retf act, has never been denied or dbiiS ' until within a few years past, If j not at all doubted, ia 1816, whei bccainenecessaryU6adjust the P . nue to a state of peace. - On the f trary, thejiower was then exercV not without opposition as to its" diency, bat as far as I iremeinttf, hive uiKht . h1, without thesl , opposition 'founded yjn any supp-J want of constitutional authority, tj s taiftlyrSCiiwlinadid not-3t"l , The tariffof 1816 was introduced,6: ried through, and established, n' the lead of South Carolina E: minimum policy i of South Ctf origin. The honorable geni: himself supported, and ably supf the tariff of 1816. He has ink us, sir, that hi speech on thatoccs' was sudden and off-hand, lie V, called upon by the request of a fr. i am sure tne gentleman, 9 lp bet s it, and that it was so) but ther nevertheless, much method, ar"-' menf, .atul, , clear"exposition,'"iii extempore; speech; It i very t very, very much Jo the point, decisive. i,An4 in another ffi delivered two month earlier ) prnrrasition , to;&repeal ' the ifcj taxesi the honorable; gentlcotf j touched .tlie ; (iame subject amlf declared, "that a certain ; tneef , ment. ought to bn extended, l & our trovllm and cotten inannfatif t I do'nof uote these speeches, a ? purpose of showing that tle unncl'itilnnal tn warrant ft to law. nullification,' and rrvo'', which the honorable genttero friends have heretofore agree'Uj acted upon, . without doubt "n,, out liesitajioo.' Sir, it is no ns say; that the tariff of 1816 waM venue bill;. So-bills.-. The point is, ami th t iU ta, h',.r i mfi. like the r" j ir- - v.1 4. - "V
The North-Carolina Star (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
April 12, 1833, edition 1
2
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