North Carolina Newspapers

NO. 37 HALEIGH; CrFBmaSV SEPTEMBEH 71833 to V v,- h, I a, Ml WW it it at nv Jn Ifc.l 3 itarttl "TV. riWl Ika. :ii ii tit im SlJ,l Ml,! km If iirfkoi inil a. it si4 ia i uilki 'iff, It'tvr- tents 1 art lus latT-f' tilnj.' air mril 10 ji referi' AH it I' r rr! jf;ti ilto' lid1 (T"!' IT" k,r!'- BEAR judorlti Carolina Gazelle, LAWRENCE & LEMAY. - - .. i i j i i i 'i i .in j i ii a ,L- -;.' - 'fEUMS. 1- - cllffiiPTio, three dollars per anniim one -1 . i - fc3-l i - . 1 P t,lf irt 'ivw ....- - ,llM0n year, and iiei-aona reiident without this State who"Wf .desire to become subscribers, ill i fietljr Nxjiiii-ed to pay the whole iint ofthe twr'i auwaeription in advance. ty-nve eenis "r enn cuniiiiiiHiice, V rtttn to the Motors must ne noat-paiu. i Notice. '. " Rt virtue ot deed or trait xsuted by Mer- HU DillinrJ W Henry M. Milter, in lvor of fSimuel U L-tlhmp anil lus wile Caroline .!. Uihro;. """ ,n 5lu oelemoCT, so muoli of the real' and peraonal estate thereby Mfivvved at (hull be nueeaiary lu aatiify tiie mu 'balance line under the trust. The preieut cHitte eoniiil's of hegroua, Corses ami alotk ol f four km lJT.llie Kxrcnlor of 11. M. aueut 25, 1833 . ..rrr''nfflr'ni""''-'',"aa" 36 5 w Notice to Uriujjre ljuilders. The omleriignil Commisiioner will, attend at Roeert'i Uriilice, on Saturday, the 7lli Senteiuber, tur the purpows 01 icumg me ieiam oi miii briilje aei-oii Neute river,wherc1liey invite Hie rimlaaN 01 asmisMora. I he repair, woe m ! taiH be detirnated on the dtiT ot IdtUne-. I 0 - Sm . . " A. ItOtiBKS. C. Will I AKF.lt. U. Ls-UAHKJVtiF.R. 36 2w Agot7, 18.13 BACON. rate ' bV it.e wn i;..,,tjnu,?..,JLi!!! -".J?4r i :itt-rt. r - 1;K ... a'. . ... . . .. ,' ifew practical remirks, on a subject of Cash Wanted in Kxchunge.,,0 much eeaeral interest, and particu- "j Ljtoor through die greater part ol tl Weitero,1 "!m .'Narth-weilern and Wortheru countieaot North '., . j : - , I . I u.Pi L;tl .1 ..nmir.,Amh foiiov'mr Officei. vfttr Njtiitoiii wheae particular, notice thi adveriite- imeiiienier, viuio, . .....ci, ,v-' tsiioo, inereiore, we win proceeu to a Register, 8Ur,ConMitutiooaJltt, ice. ko. ,i- ,u e.k P.,i;. n!l VW JViBoney is very reqrtiaite To iuatainthe i lives-" "-" . ". " ."i Md tnirin of the Printer, it i honed that every Road, with a general detail of the cost mH Ja'iehiars-tav-iwiiiwey i. rder nt there may be no delay, and that he BMetine Baav be HHtWalty aereeaWe.- I wii.mis!vi rifl,jiu.jt,i.-i,v45, I RileTsh. Anguat 20, 18J3 dial's atn nt Nnrtk rrntina . Kirmw'i u. kilter; ; lleprint of Blaekwood, Metropolitan, j ana lw H'm.wyaiewiiy.awaa) ywiro Vy y--yf mtTKX OBf UCSCrtptlOn WIlH idPOf Keligious, t'olmaal and Literary Heitoil- .1 . - . .L.. : ,u. ..t.Ktknt pt DurL his abirnce, all letters iddreaaed h remark, that in the .establishment )i the ears '"of Meaara. Gales k Son, for him, of a R tit Road through a well timbered bill, i put paid, be promiKly attended to. i- "rrrj--fl.... - Vr -i rropoal TO ENLARGE AD IMPROVS THK OXFORD EXAMINKII. The Editor of the Orifcrd rontf-":bs kretcfore mixle known his detira to enlarge ind improve his paper. He nw beg leave to Resent lo a liberal ana enljgtiteire puoi.e a lmMci propoaition, whh the hope that Uiat pub- L -,ii LJ.i-kim :.,! hianuriMae- tihonid kAeient evidenw of the pubiw approbation be iuilettea ty thIOtliaay loen.osriie! j lurtlly the mereaaeof expendilurei he will letcte'JBtriiisrtiitoK line, in a style whteh will be creditable to Uie ' fc-nmunity, and valuable to thow Wh-'do . now, r may nerealter patroniae ine punncaiion.- nthior would have retrained the Editor Irora kemnting the proposed improvement, without luaiweal to the auaerwe nv and pubiw iphit ot e people, but a Ui-Hough eonvietlon that the lr Hmtatroiaee enioyed bythe etlabliih-1 lwotad.oatMUi.hiHi.inihe"ndikin iuch would prevent Ws nmiljr and l.lmsell n-orn Ling under aueb an aeeuraulated load of fnae. Witn theae leeiings, ann lor these re. nt he .owpreaenuthia appeal to the pebpte, I build up and auataia omongat ttiemicives a lie- odiou worthy ot their support. Ut some might euppove that, shbuld the cf- Klo obtain incid iupnort fait Irt iihed, it is the Editor's intention to abandon Ii present publication it may be neeeuary. o r a nuemion 10 auaonon , Ine tiiat he has no fich iiKrwtan., He is tool. iwlly attached to thoae friends who have stood V " " through goortano tkisjMgkotii report, "j a JAB unUy tiM whreti k bu.aA.reaaon toea).JA luaJinUoiU4rom UOaweS Mind I to the ahip while fliers ia ballaat enough j p teep her steady, and breeie mfficicut to pore Uer oowsifl." " ,-, .. h 1 ateleis for the Editor to enter into a de led account of the eourse he mtendt to puraue tse hivites attention to hia pott conduct, as the a nremiies na which to found a correct judg- pent. He will only remark, that, in relate, as ptiofftre, he wilt be indeiendent and juM he ii devote.; the energies onus mind to the ai- TMcnent of correct princifile$, and mora the Vlr atrinra of afrarUJanwben be tOport ' it will be lor their tneamrei, lor tbetr inor f 'WcKr',T. polUical honeaty and ability to pvs Uie public, and not on account of their par I tonneiion, or the inagie of a name. v The Edi r U known to be waroily attached Id the prin f pteor the Jteitub'icaa- Partita as set ftu th bt reiiHinn( of 118, and explained and enfore- bile itm.lri,.,. iJ tha IKIXSII Til l lOV. H9jeli S per ',HheVi "i dipje beat, suhiud to preaerra thai inatru- -.- -- m i 1 Ifcaaj ii nieuT a aSia .if liiaaMTkaaaa CstHaH ifino tiiv iiaiviiis ws hi nn nicrif perneuiate Di "UN ION of the States" 'Ssthe laiia o.bieb it was placed by our (a "T5 d not beoauie they were promul rated encraoa. Madiann, Henry and Macon. Uut 'bt eteraiw of Kia Mlilnru.1 diaemiAn. ha mm f ' W, nor nriw will refiiae the free and tin StSclied l) nt l.i. fnlumni In lliiiu . Ibk sith im in npinioQ. lie emphatically s'sai-ee paper, oniy reatrieted by thoae rule 'b are necaart to avoiti and liRminAw f$ and to prevent the appearaneo of any thing r va iiiu wvNOfuuity Wa IUO llSt'Sl Qfttf BTfnilB.4.t n w.:. wr ai.. 1 - 0-aa-..aa.w w saa aa srv4iiEw m 1113 i moraliat. In short, iHwhe-Bditor's jB,B!hors. of tints to ba aa hone at U '!1 mo Editor's eonatant exertion to be paper as valuable aa pOMible A ooo- 7? .TW A'ra" ,h day, an aaeount e Market: and all artielea of Inimrf .. ,?"i,n. iU he given weekly and ho Willi art j ,Jt,-rry hi M Meeltaaeous seleetiooa w ith" k h? nen,io' -and he hopes to iasne a wcek 1 pablication Wbicb will naal aiik wmhI "i00..-. ; . ik? P?C B' BOt ,kCrraed in onarqnenee entarrrmjMii luit v. . 1 1 MM..:. ., lu tn a 0da. ifaot3. '- .' . ,' . .:. Ir $a!t at fhUCglet. tr :. : V. REMARKS- Un mMt tnrt pUtirwrtlracfioh which work oh the same crank, of a-; ill too oJft Carolina Rail Iiiuirt rn-.lk,.i ot i..... - . . . pnrcd with other rod, riowiriSr the advtntag;e which the South, possesses over the North in entaWwhin; this yi tem ofatnproreroaBtBT AA; I)etr ter, Civil Cazineer and Ueidnt tin iiefh6ihimd 7th i)iHi(m of fnUTtrt5Srntina Uil Road. To the Ffififli-cf Liternnt Improve- m'nl of t he toiahtrnJH(&m! spTnt orrnternal tmprnvement appears to nuniicat itwll: and a Itvelv aifa tion of the important subject f an im proved Ttem of inter communicaiinn is d.rily biC'tfnin more general. The success whirh has ajtemled the estab lishment of lUil Ways, with the appli cation of steam as a motive nuwer. has treated. new era in the history of me- chsnical scionre: promiing in the no veltr irnd vast utilitr of irs results, to exLAjMJtteeJnJLhe. phjiicaland. aortal ro'nliiion f the countrv os a(iatice.i in puuuo tivor, 111 toe short spice of five year. "nlWtin capi tal fo the amount of, -fifty railiioo-s of dollars, hb this side of the Atlantic, we yet behold the infancy of a system, the - ,;c ,xtnt, rema,e tendencies ... ' " of ivhich, jsce can but imperlectly ap prernte. . ' Blit-viow as we d", tint the Sou'h possesses lucal ad vantagesr which pe culiarly favor the econorotcaf ronstfuc lion 4f Rail Rnads. and render the ays "fc -Si rr s -irC ST .c tLU1 iii.1 UU ql""yj.J. im uc iicciu requisite in ottering to thft.puWia -reat pioneer f4he-South, in the v.ui: r .1 , es tablisment of these enterprises. V Without- f ttrther Brelrmioarr' obser plan of construction following Northern Roads, and after instituting -ta -tompartsnrr or-tne jpians anii cost, i oraw our concmstons, io wtucn-we-nope ludice or sectional partiality. f i. ..... 1 f 1:. GENERAL DESCRIPTION. Irnimtrv like that through which this ... : road passes, there can be no doubt of the judicious economy of the general plan of pile construction, which MM Bee nadopfed1n preference 4o-th-x. pensive system of embankment which nrcvail at the North.- Beaides the in- 5rfse io 'he &n C0?U (h "P""6 . Keeping tne emoanKments id repair, owing to the injuries sustained from ieUinR. WMnes, slide, derangment Of "r " . ' . .7 culverts. &c. is unquestionably grea ter than that attending the occasional renW8 0f rec,yed timbers, , f. ... c.i, o..i:. re -tm- nnifnrm aurface of country. h. rnmn.red to that of a contini- . - 1 ; -. - ed bridge, OmelimeS resting On the Mrth hut p-eHerallv elevated above the t. ,fa.t .W""""" nV ur . ' j Th Road ettettdlOg frOtll the till f Ijrnburg, is 135 miles, 8"i - " - - ex-Contmued line Complete, SSOtlt the lit 0f June, 20 months from me penoa wh it, whole line was located and " V . a r- -i . .c 5put Under contract. A lew miles of the roid. .near Charleston, were made. wVf , . . ... . . JWIl VS9t, vu Pen" ,. The road crosses the bdisto river, a k... Ann yards below the junction of .,v..,vi,t f,fc fiiumlU. '-' i... ., . tnat distance, SIX difficult Streams, and depressions, the Saw Mill Creek, Cy press Swamp, Four tloie Kivr, inut&n Fields, Poke Swamp and Cattle Creek. The road continues its course on the dividing ridge between the Edislu and the branches of the Savannah, passing oine milet-to 1 the north of Barnwell villager until it reaches the head of the valley of Wises Creek,, a branch of Big Horse Creek. ' ;'". 1 At this point, which is only t mites road attains its highest attitude of 510 feet above the levetat Charleston, and 360 feet aSovt the Augusta ti itige-15 miles tjistant. ; One hundred arid eigh ty feet if this descent to the valley of the Savannah, is conquered at this point bjr an Inclined flane, SB0U teet long, having 3 grades of ascentrthe steepest of which is I inlS. J - From the foot of the Plane the re mainder of. the descent U overcojne in 10 miles, having an average inclination of 18 feet io a mile, . At Hamburg two spacious deposito ries are in course of construction of brick, with sine roofs; -on a commodi 00t' lot of ait acres, gratuitously be stowed on the Company by Henry Shuttz, Esq. ; "':'":'J'": '-'. There is only one briJge of impor tance on the whole route, that crossing the Edisto Rivet, jwhicb U 400 feel long, has a single arch over the main stream of CG feet. ' The road is single track except at the Inclined Plane, where there is one mile of double road, and at the turn ou ta iit4 d epositoricif aboat tb rce' miles more, .':": :"':'':;:'"--'S;r-:' - j r.W(h' ititiohtry .. S?ani jEng.net, biot 25 horae power each, nnw erected at, the head of the Inclined Plane, and I nearly in readineaa for' operation, will: effect ihe paage of the loaded trains ; in jacii-f- tiri oer me riane-at in pawui me roan a more costiy plan or . . r .i. . i .. ' . LW,,S1M,UU urin uciucmiyjciesa a JL i... a.. 1... r.i' a 7, wrnis; i me uauness 01 ine muniia-i tion and the heisht of the work. The " roan com neanj 1000 dullars per mile, while that of the rri in me rnau win not average auii, dollars per mile. The hih price of materiala was one great cause of the in creased expense of tlyrtection The profile of the South Carolina 1 Kail Koad is reinarkibly fvtsrab!e,'f as ;Illienjirelena;Ufinelinationa J areata 1 in loO, or 33 tt-et in a mile,! is but I 5-8 miles, the -occasional as- ceflTrhtitffeftfrfit ia a mile. . The straight line,with the excep tion of the Tth Resldeney. are general ly uncommonly long, and ihe curves easy, there is one Rtraiiht line 2j miles in length, and several courses of rom 6 to 1 miles. The first 63 miles from Charleston varies in length but I mile from atiniformlj straight fine. The road is now ironed a distance of 10O miles from Charleston, to which rfrpaisigir. . ATT flienron"wmffiiragye-t been on, r -and th&maiLii complete up: eration. but for unexpected delay in the arrival ol the Locomotive lmames. erate m auoui ten miles an Rottr. , j allowed ..to be ..uJhfttUL-:Ceaerali.sk.-t41rtinam still 12' by 1 KtiT,w,'"1llt,n enml''e'. at 6,70o dot. . , The -7th RidencyreinbracinS the: Iv well hewed in the. a oner and lower trusses or bents miv be nut 14 ne i' !dol,rt'- -r dtstace;of 15 mile? from thr foot of surfaces, and blocked off 00 the. ede.! feet " spart wlien the air. f iailaitorr to Charie0n ,nd land 'Xl rffitMilCaniLixmfBalve bv a niitln the latter: and use i wed-ref with rails H hV iV UTriW.. lt;.:l.?' " . 4le4Ahr44Iichveota.s4e4.4i b4isUKi ed in Charleston by the 1st of March last have not yet arrived. The En ginei-iti: flsej wifford:Btent power to transport the iron for the road, and at the same time comply with their mail and passenger arrangements, and the public convenience in the constant I wo ot the engines now m use are buUfpn a ing.ahe-struction-of-lH-AUe4J Tri . I . .t.Li ...i 1.T.1 fhey are supported upon eight wheels. by which means the weight is dilfused, artdf l mWhwerf ed with the same stress upon the road. This Engine, however, is more com plicated jo its construction, and more liable to derangement than" a lour wheeled Engine, and therefore at pre-, leot.lesf generally approved but it is to b-hop(lthitJhe fjjwjracticaljdiffi culties which attend the use of an Eb gine, so well adapted to powerful trans portation, in this and other roads, which' may be built on a similar plan, may vanish before superior skill and experience, . - When in order, these Engines, for a few miles, detached from their train, have frequently attaioed a spted of 40 miles, ndiB eDar two instances of more'lhan "SO ojilea perhottr.-These Engines, will carry SO ton, of freight, besides passengers, -with ease 15 miles an hour, at a cost of about 20 dollars per day, including all expenses of fuel', attendance, and wear and tear of En . gine. The Phoenix a " light Engine oilfou,wheers,ha8 twice run ronv Charleston, distance of. 72 miles, la. Midway and back, in the day, a dis tance of 144 miles, placing it, there fore, beyond a doubt, that the travel from Augusta fo Charleston can be ef fected io. .10 iandl2honrs.' v--' "'if the' Engines 3hicB"nalreS8o'long' disappointed us, should arrive in the eourse of this month, the whole road can be in use by the fifteenth day of September.The-15 TOilesfromttani burg to the fuo t of -the Inclined Plane, ia ironed, and used with Hand Cars. The mail is now -carried 105 miles on the road.--1-",-,: '..-:.:.- rr- r DETAILS OF -CONSTRUCTION. There are four difl'erent plans of con struction made use of on this road, the adoption of which was determined by the character of the soil and the height of the line of grade; these are, the Sleeper plan No. I the Sleeper plan No. 2 the Pile construction, and the Truss', work. ,-,"." "i,.-'.-.!i ;- JSleeperJPlatAXklTte Sleeper nlau Noli, which is a very cheap con struction, answers well on a good clay or gra vl foundation. la tUt 0AStruc lion, the rails, G by 10, are supported fta'tranittrM ti'tlta 10 by -II. -I'm til and a half feet apart: these sills are ftny-feet .long," "of good light wood 'or heart pine, well hewed. - In triinmiflg up the excavations and bermes, -'and preparing the side drains, enough earth is obtained to cover the transverse sills ntirlr. and aft'urd a suliil bearin? to the whole ieogth of the rail. Moat-of our road on this plan baa been built by contract, for 1450 per mile the exca vat ion. draining and filling is. Dot Jo' eluded. We havei about 5 miles of this road. ' . -' ,-.y:'-'''- ", SUrpet Plan Af. 2 This plan like wise ia used in excavation, sod forms an admirable structure, preferable - to the other io being less liable to settling and lateral derangement. In this case, the size of the rail and distance apart of the supports, remain the lame. The cans, into which the raits are let t depib of 3 inches, and secured by wedges, as before, ar 6 By oie, ind nioe feet long, fastened dow.o it eicfe end b two inch trt nail to I lonit dinal sill, which is firmly bedded' to . ,.' v nearly its full depth to the ground. Theae longitudinal sill tie put three fwt from tiie centre if the roid each war. which bring them nearly on . line, i uiiuer tne rau. me ize -never was ..' . . .. .. . .7 in prelerenc to the trenail, as the pin j time atituiis water ana engenuers ae cay. , r . On thit plan the Inclined Ptne' i i . - - . ouiii. uat tne (uwer sitis are l -i ' uy iti j all heart of the best pitch pine." welij hewed on all aides and the ends Ian ptl. - Hie avenze cost of work on this con strui-tion, is about tins same with that of nilinir on the same ffride-?-fruin 130U to 2-20U dollars per mile. There are abaoJt-lS milca Jiuilt-Oaihil nlMiaihe whole road. One considerable advantage' attend 4waajkfct vimij icpainuj; 11, ami renewing uie decayed supports. Another important consideration is, that timber will last longer horizontally placed .than verti call v r in the Pile Construction. Pile Ciimtrudion;--n this construc tion the post! are generally of light woo 1 ..or ut the Iteart of h,e -prne-nrcer rountK with! tht butt.eml in the earth, and from 10 to 15 inches"ift"diSmelerT The posts are ta ho case allowed W be less than 4 feet in the griMwwl-.6 4ejet aparOowe1y'yi6 dinatlyr WKerTthe ground is soft the piles are sometimes driven to a depth of-25'feet the distance io earth being etilyi jvw-by-th a given weight, at the last blow of the hammer. f!iTheriweight f ihe ihamnvet osed::ira-: ried from tiOO to 1000 lbs.1 The best piling machines- were 35 feet in height on large wooden rollers, with moveable cars of disconnecting the ram block, at tfifferCTt-Bwgh ;irn A nuts to the uprights. Under a hammer o..l9J3aJbsCwUh a clar.fa.lUf.ao,feet at the-lasti)lWr the iHlasUwe44Mrealt of aifl a-aW V - - c.i - - . - rf the road in a great measure depended ' .1 on the stability ofjhjejpjlesi,co.mpete,ajt icstersru ode r ttie pay of the com pany compelled .by their presence the faith fut execution of this important part of the work. Holes were generally dug about 51 feet deep into the soil before the pile was introduced, by means of tong a kind of double spade,' made for the purposerTOaf S "loitthis-previoua digging is a great laving io expense,; and by allowing the pile to be intro duced with nearly its full size at the end, is a material aid to its permanen cy. , .. .' ::j,: -jrx ; .- The piles, being sawed off and ten anted oo the true and even line of grad uation established by the levels ot the Engineeflire' By Yaps 9Teel"tohg; 6"bygrThese mortised and drawbored on - to tha piles. :-'' :;f ." -y'. The rai's, 6 by 10, and never less than three stretches or 191 feet t in length, are let into the caps S inches and secured by wedges, driven on the inside of the rail in each cap. About I of an inch is taken off the ionef aide of the rails by chamfer 4 inches deep, to aline, on which the edges of the iron plates are laid precisely 5 feet apart across the road, in the clear1. Great care is necessary that the top surface f oi ine ran oe periecuy smoom ana uni form, so as to afford the iron a solid bearing. v-v -'.,:; - .-',. ; ThCQalt0cehiclf4he:- projector and. advocates of the Pile Construction felt to predicting the et;onomyndstrr bility of the planvis reWtlreTyslifiett" by the" resuU. HSd far, the settling of the road even in parts u hich have been in use four years, is confined to a few points, and then the introduction of a few additional supports, remedies the evil. Not the slightest yield is obser vable In any part of the road where th driving was properly attended to, 1 The cost of our Pile Construction haa been from 1900 to 300Q dollars per mile,1 averaging about 2300 dollars, the bracing betng extr'a?;; The piling : ins a chmes, with blocks ami gearing, are furnished to the contractors by the com psny, at an xpeow 4" about 1 00 dolT lars lor each complete. . i JtYe Jiate-iftmeLme JJQPAtruciian 1 5 feet in height strengthened by outside braces, supported against' khort'piies driven-ab-Hit 8 feet; from the-road on each side of the main track. ' - - No bracing is requisite where the height is tinder f feet, if the soil ie firm. ' From T lo lO feet,, one Xrace ol 4 "by 5 scantling between each pair ot posts, is sufficient. Above 10 feet, two braces between each pair of posts plac-1 ea somewnai in ine-snape oi a letter are introduced."-'";''" -p-yy On mile of single bracing,-average height,- costs about. 150 dollars: of double bracing, 400 dollars; v - f ! 7V Construction, Where the bot torn is bad and the work over 12 feel io height the Truss Construction is ad' visable. r l - ': A foundation must, first be made of piles, well driven, supporting a large bottom sill, 2 by 12, which may be embanked oq the top, or. a foundation ' of, UaoSTerse aad longitudinal sills, j firmly - imbedded in a solid and em- i w.M.iutrui, viay uicu,. a ui tan Lplan-we have frequently had occasion to adopt in. the 7h residency, j Four posts, .8 by 10. makinat aoincthinz the shape of an inverted AV, connected at i it - tance. The cost of this construction. Mne tinuity aar trenh-orwhtch bis - .1 j;ien great satisfaction, is very varia tre;tepend'iHj"on" iKeslilficaltyVlhe t .uoiiation; ine price ot materials, atiJ the height of the work. It varies from fiOOO to 10 000. dollars uer mile. There is one connected piece of road on 'fins plan, almost bait a wile tn length, the heiht of which iafrom 18 to 23 fet. - There is altogether ariiut 5. mill's of the Truss ConstractionH .. Y 7X ' ro4ron plates-oed on this road are 2 inches wide, i inch thick, and in leoztb from 10 to 15 feet'. t the rail by spikes 5 Vnche- on IteidsoTTiTtTrtitrntofTa countersink below! the level of thw sue,. face. A mile of road requires 17 tons of this iron, costing something like 43 dollars per ton landed in Charlestons--Spikes cost about 9 cents per lb. or 90 lalLra In ihi. . V.. IT tnm of iron at 5 daltart, KHVXlm. of iinltei at, aents. ".TJaTiSpnitHlion from Cfurleii on al'in - tlm line, on an Srennnr; ii'iulti't nitr ' aleam btt freight ol 'JO miles to After the top surface is prepared,' the iron can b laid on the road and spiked down at 25 dollars per mjle. Iron i of filrChhrVTlTr (I tnge on one side to project down on the inner edge of the rail, about j inch, would have been.' greatly preferable ft that used, in preserving a rigid unifor mity of top surface, and lessening late ral friction on the wheel of the locoinu tive. The use of iron of. this descrip tion s'stronglyr?ct)mmende"J by the chief engineer, but was not adopted Lfrom considratin4f-e:vHmir --I'oe - si:fft - .ee - ;it - jr : - o'- r : r - - t .?. . . . n . . . thickness, would not exceed 200 dollars fier mile, while it would be of incalcu able benefit in promoting the success iul running of the engines. . 7V' ottfa , or ptmipg placet-A iuroout or-pass'tflg-place Hiout-C00 feet in length, the centre of which is 30 feet distant from the main track, into which it curves easily at each end, is ? laced at every 7 mites along the road, lerrisnhe" wettSfld waiiiratattoniiQp plying the engine with fuel and water. We seldom , have to dig more than 15 feet for water; and wood is obtained in abundance at from SI 23 to 21 50 per curd. Our turn outs leave the main track ia a curve of 772 feet radius. - At each end of the turo out about 20 1 feet -of "the. rail way i detached and made to -run- at pleasure - on vertical hinges, front the general track into 'the sideling; and the old plan of switches, always liable to derangement, is en tirely dispensed wUllyVOar -'; :" !- The transportation may hereafter re quire intervening"1 turnTbuti Jbeiwefn those already established, but by this meana 4he necesity of a double road may be"ehtTrelybviated4 Turn outs are .built complete at 50 cents per lineal foot iron work not in cluded. -'' fj': . yVZ-- ):-'y'l e: v A revolving platform is generally placed in 4he ceoti eof tho turn out, by which means a loaded car can be taken in a few minutes off the main track or a rcctangulaopaxltJnta the depository, rEXCAVATION r The greater part f lhcavation on the South Carolinsh Rail Road lia been shallow the deepest cut not exceeding 25 feet. In proportion to the depth the excavation - has been expensive the soil, though a loose sand on the ton, ge nerally changed. at from one to two feet hi depth, to a very solid rd and yellow clay. - Most of this etcavation was done bv contract, at 10 cents per cubic yard, although the actual cost to the contrac tors was perhaps 14 cents per yard. '; .The.8ectiooofihv-utHng-iiFlrfert ide on the bottftio, with slopes forming an angle of 45 degrees with the horizon. .Where the soil is very solid, and the cottiag umler-AO f!t, 4ht slope wilT stand very weil at as great an angle as m I mytsA nnlne Jparuaiiu. About one fifth part of the whole line is constructed in excavation. '' -- In - the IG leet on the bottom rf the excavation, there is room left each side of the road, which occupies but 9 feet, for lateral drains, whtcbiire Important auxiliaries in carrying off the water and maintaining solidity of foundation, ; ; There is about 500,000 cubic yards of excavation and about 20,000 cubic v srds of embankment in the whole line. The entire" road could not have been embanked, in the general .plan. of the Northern roads, short of 400,000 dol lars, full 75 per cent, of whichwould have been extra, over the cost of 'the pre sent toad, as the sleeper construction, which is necessary where the embank ments are made, costs nearly as much per mile as the average pile construc tion. '.' !" V".' "', '. ',; EStlMATE 0&. THE C03T We have no correct data before 08 loa which ta base aa sccuiate statctneot iivt 1 1 1 Ta saw n r-ari a 1 nv 1 sr mrm m ikmaai mriniinninM lann a i ., of tueVnst; fcot the fotlowinr will he an ppmzimate eiiimate: 135 mile. orrmnUljichKlinirali i r4reliminar (unrofr, of locnmntjv " exciiiei, ears. denoilorie(. ineliiwil iinrall tinmia . j.ltUnc and itaiionary eonme, tipenio ui eninnr ueparimeai, gcneial u- ror hctttq oor ana meclianwi. For theindioed plane with double road : . ww' aq y-toi em- . bankmant and excavation, and half a " mile extra double road, - . Stationary engine at inclined plane, ami all fixtureawomplete, vf - ... tt. . s Seven locomotive engines delivered on . the road, J5,(KW dnllara each, Tea Ireight cars at 1'JOdollara each, and ' 10,000 " Soar paiaunger ears at Aii dollars each, to an enfine. eQitnis 'iUtKI m 7. '-, ' . V ' .: '. - " ' :. 5,000 ' 5.1,000- ' 116,350 - Tile gearing, and ram block, aud loots i and maohint-ry on hand, .... , . c. . Suiv)mgr- aupennteudence, engineer department, co, -Iron and luiku t.j.850 dollara trans- )- -portation of rha mmi ll.S'X) dntlari. r.xiiense ol worktltops In Uhrletun, - netiuoiing worm oi ears ana carriages . tusde,, s, . "., ;-. Excavation 45,000 dollars, embankments - lars, - , Cresaiug ot- llorao ereek S00 -dollars, ' culverts 100 dollars, road and planta tion bridges It.UtS) dollars, Diehei under the road at entrance into Expense, of pitching 70 miles of road 18,000 - -8,60O 4,600 1,000 -.900- witliJarjn I turprnliiia, Extra expenditure in making a more atioitanina road than nntorapl.tied In ' Ill -ordinal phn,. by trust work in hih grades and bad foundation, . s ,000 Itraiiuig and other extra Work, x 25,000 - ' IXuuMici! iitniuvd ir A yaiaitUMt fuiat a l-at lull nrar Hutnhjiir. - . tiift Opening the tracks SH0 tret wide thro' tile toioit, aad burning undergrowth. -j . 6,000 ? Twenty turn outs with water atations,-- --- . revolvlne tilallorms. bto, 500 dnllara Tl. . - . . .- - reotsngular tracks. 1 work shorn, offices, etc. i. 11.011 Repair on the part of tha road in, use o-.i. r- It'tjiial to. 4U miles for ob j ear -at 75 dollars. - s (Wi Police on do, ami expena of running locomotives, ke. - 8,000 Wood conilruolion of I VI miles, and -o - - -Jberexpenfes at 3,OiM, 1H miles 409,619 : t 1 otal eoitt - . $'J04,43'J '.'. i "V- "'swi1"" ';'-'v''!' "rtsss; ..TT-". 'iw Conerat-vie w- of aomtt- of Norlbrrn Itnads r has at- - rrimect - ti rhenenrntrtiutl'ln."" rvMDKw Aira A'?tnorHAttltoAD:"';' " i ht mad, across New Jersey, is the thoroughfare t?f travel between the ci- ; ties nt New . York and Philadelphia; . . The length of the Road is 61 miles, " and the profile of; the country highly A fsvourabler-The Road is built with a ---Double Track The Rail of solid Iron 1G feet long 2 inches wide on ths top 3f inches at the bottom, and 31 " ; inches deep. ( t , ' . - , r '--r-The-Tailaare'tnpported on Stone Blocksj but to -prevent the effects of -- concussion and derangement of surface, . pieces of locust, about .three inches thick, are introduced between the Iron -"-Rail and the stone: eopports. The total cost of this road waa estimated at 1,120,322, or, dollars per mile . - exclusive of 'Engines, Cars, Wharves, . - .Oej!!ifkU,tei..e.htck tb amount to l.SOO.000 or. 21,311 ' dollars per mile. We learn that the Company have latefy advertised for a loan of 800,000, which, il expended on -the Road in addition to the estimate, will make the cost 2,100 000, or 34.400 dollars per mile..-. Io this road,as i the custom in all the Northern Road, the . -. Stone .Blocks, which .upport..tha. rails - -are bedded in broken atone, In order ta secure, the foundation against frosts. The" interest on 34.400 dollars (tho cost of a mile,) at 7 p-erj;ent. is 240$t- dollars, amply juffi'cjeni to build a mile of the wood construction of the South- ' Carolina R il Road., The Camden and AmboyUaU.lldadj.prob4bly-4heiot - perfectly constructed road in the wur d , for Locomotive bse'.HreOecting . great eretfirbn lhS"Kirgi(Veer7RS7 rSle vens,' Eq"f Netv YorkV fainad for the im provements which he hasintroduced in Steam Navigation on the Hudson. The Stock of the Company is quoted at 155 lo 160. NEW-CASTLE AND FKENC1I- TOWN KAIL ROAD. ' Tliis.road across lite Islhinus of Del aware, is the great highway of trade be- ' tween Baltimore jind Phila'tjelphij, . ; T .roitl 'TiirmaTiooU wide enough .'., for a double track a single track "ia now laid, the length a little (ess thaa i 16 miles. This Road differs material ly irons the former in construction, The rails are of Georgia Ditch nino. fi by -Cr upportini'. aniroa 4ia.te of S & if U 1 1 (. II 111 IIULKIILIS. . , ... , uit- . . , For nine miles the Road is support- " ed in granite blocks set 3 feei into-' the earth,' resting on a well packed gravel foundation, and rammed round ' '7 with the lame material. - The other 7 mjles of the mad on embankment, are built entirely of wood. : - 1 The rails are supported io white oak caps, 71 feet long. 8 by 10, under the ends of which are longitudinal sleepers ,.. ... ofhemlock 4by 10, bedded in gtavel'. ' ." This plan of consttuction is not in any respect superior - to our sleeper '," plan No. 2, osed in excavations, and , h owing to the danger of settlings in the embankments, is fir less likely to prove permanent. .This single track cost the enormous sum of 400,000, or 25.000 dollars per mile; to which is to be added the sum of.40,000 for a com pleta supply of en?iner fretghtrlnd i" passenger cars. This Rail Road io almost equally liibla to decay with -: A r.s-.---ii..-.-:X-- I-