- . V
HAIiEIGIiriI. C. WEi)NESD ATT, APIIIL' 11, lCSOi !
vox;: X2i2 ; iiqc, id
TXIOlAS J. LEJIAfr
epiToa akp rttorniKTQR.
,.irffri'. !'' da""
,y.i, V'i'.mumtoMii
u(, AI)VRRTISIKp.
- w ttery i'tr ("" '!" '" ds
iij(JT) first ';. i'eil"ltrj evh tub.
not wierti'M t efiy .IJv?ll.
' tlT I'Up twin-'""'" of Merit ShrrHTt
ill heWrl.iS r eoi. I.tghrnt Mid n l.
Kfilar 'M:''
Iim ilwciliwn b tbe Ifir.
Itcport f Charlo It. hav, Cq.
Fifhietr lMeraip Bwd, m I he Druxn
ajt.f tht Sii.lMP LJXDS Aorth
ft the J'rftiitnt ami Mrretert the Boaid
tf litrrutart f Ci-
GuNTtBMKNrrA pTiud has arrived
. in ihe ojteratitm weparatorj tu the
pinngef flie Sanip Lii:, viiii
' riike- itnee ;4S!trjr.Hijlmut ittHiiMiir.
W the SuVvrV aui Ejaniiiitttis and
t;tV j'""'' wilraUon the
p!n ami Him ties wijicit nao Been
aVh' d from ttiem't
T On the receptitn of jfinr ttislroctiohs
to that rlTccf, nuch iimtiument were
. purchased m were tiecesarj fnr'tlie
Icauimenrement f the work, and a a
out tliereHftcr ai "prclkaUleg.'tur'ia
v sis1aiit! pru&ut!iiir the surveys.
pf n,';utbe aryanizAtion of . ficlil
ex
l Hyde Court-houHe,
freuleHceofti-ic,,'l the I'fl f 1 ,c
State, . reiroceded lan.U." Hie only
,!ee( of that description "ne ""
Si.erift' James Vatson to his K.tcc.1;'"
.nnv. Wl!iiim!. fir a large tract
..vtPfr irehlVHA
t finno arres. Ivinsin the rear of Iht
f nnt i.at.-ntit on i'..e east side of Punsu
jm r;&V mmiiU-- s
iOO.000 seres granted to John Hall, 1 - Mefre dtfCribing in their proper or
in ir93,kown as the Hall Patent, and der the details of these Several opera-suB-r)uen''if
ijte" property of lohn O. jtions a few temarks wi t be olere l,
JJImi if, d'l'. to whose heirs and to : explanatory M' the position of these
Hle,:. 8inllwMMj and Doimel, the
rciiumder of it now Ueloi gs.
A eonneeted chatw of tit tr ' ,n
Ihe Hyde county record- . he
State through Jhn tfionnt
and Edward Harris, to William Orr.
tt whose taxe the aforexaid trad of
I 56,ont acres was sold and duly coh-
Vfred t't tlie iovrrnor, tor the benetii
f'tlic State, on 1st Sept. ,1801 ami
the same ii now on record in the office
ef the Secretary of State. , - ;
Among the deeds transmitted to me
fcv the B'ar I, from Raleigh, are also
s'unury re-tonveyanci of, large tracts
in Tyrrel county one in particular
f 40,000 acres, on the West side, i
Alligiifor Ittver. "and east of Alligator
J.akc, anil a second for 22.000 acres
f reverted land, lying near Pungo
Lake, known at Jones and Davie's
patent. This latter lies north ol the
56,000 acre tract in llydef There is
aUo guod reason to believe that 40,000
ac es uf land, never granted to any in
div Aial or company, will, opnn-ex-amination,
be found aouth of Alligator
Ijke, forming in part the north boun
dary Tif tlm I Ial 1 j'tttr n t. "
It thus apteais that no lesa than
158.000 acres of land, belonging to
t'te State, lie contiguous to, and are
"inure or less injured by the redundant
waters nf Pungo and Ailigitor Lakes.
The drainage of these Lakes, or a re
lctii4ii of -their waters, appeared
therefore T o be a n impnrtanf prel i mi -nary
to any attempt at reclaiming the
St,iie land, and examinations for tha
pa p se became ne esMiry. . ' '
Th? special anpronriatinn br the le-
fta.OUl) lo th purpose of
ilrini ig Lake Mattafiuskeet,-hhd been
'xpendfd, jut previous to my arrival
til t'iat district, in the eiilmcine of a
f. Ml siU-ug -Xwitt Jk.Land-
"i tu y -n. king creeks . I he canal bad
r4'7 l",'n "pene'd, and the water f
"ie MKe was slowly subiidingj but an
fteiisiye sftoal at the head of thtt. ra
: na' 0i,;iw,,'ch the depih of water did
ft t ex. ee'TTfiMifrTnade it evident that.
W'l IhordenTlirJhe canal could have
elTei f, excrpt'by its "extension thro'
n slid! I t(1itt iteen lvn't..r..r llii. Utp'.
fie undoubted property of the I.itera
'7 IWd uijiie lake fljtV when re-J-'siHied,
the 'protiabiUy of rheir re-iin-hursifijr
nn- unen'e iiicorrel ait- their
1 tmiir ve,Hf anJ the ei!rtin!v that
I i is ) s4 king AJanal couU not effect
;t purpo-e. occasioned the tnatitu
tiiui of surveys, to determine how it
coulil best be accnmidished. . ,
hese examinations, were the first
Bniaken, and in ubedieure to. your
Meijiient instructions, were made
'tii niijcli care. , .
Ammg several mode's which sug
B'sled themselves for drawing off the
"ejvaters, was that by a canal from
'nm l1i sidu lo a remarkable behd of
AUigor river, where an enlargement
n s Increased depib ftf the Mresm
wU permit the re pllon oTthe dilu
""tier deposited -bf the - tanat
"hot interruptwn. -at least f..f many
ears, OF it tliacharr. and : wif liwit
pedinent to the navigation 4 tbe.rW
a fmaii-tawiU.eonstyicteU at
prteatr expensi, extended nearly jtls
.."! '!'tance, and afforded grat -
' V fJco'ipo vf,a survey
vie ii" mV r pnTfi
''1 he necessily ofpen
Ya't!ig..rt, .-iirpervasive anil "very
c u-'iJn auv I of gall-berrf, fetter-
bushes, aod brambles, mixed occasion
ally witli reeds. This mate i known
a that f Spencer's Ditch. .. A-aecond
line which solicited examination n!
presented simitar (innnlmn (mm the
,ar,fi' w 'M f Blount's lfch,!
exicniiing irnm me nort.it margin
of th lake to Alligator River, ami dis
tiint from Speocer & Ditch ab.oot three
.mites at eidi end. The third line sur
seyed wn that of the large ditch St the
side f the Rusebav Turnpike, extend-
ing from the west enj ot- the-take-to
Ruse bay Creek. . , . '
Tlie iHie of the Ysocking canal was
also surveyed and levelled, and sound
ings were taken f us depth, with tlie
purpose of affording in the commission
ers, should, they require it, the Infor
nudun.x ecesiary to the completion of
tliat work,.
A random survey was also made front
a deep purt of Lke ilatlaniu'tee t. ,
opposite James AlcClxml's-boota. to
hast Blulf Bay, and trianslesf Heie
thrown .across Fkst and . Went Illufl'
Uavs, whereby the diueetinn atvH lenili
j , - .. ... ..
ft an Is het ween tlvem t.nd the Itke
mijij'jt be drfterinined with all soflicierii
eniictni-ss avoiding thus the difiicul
ties of penetrating the dismals, which
would have rendered it impossible tu
C'unpletethe survey betorejhe re-"pen-iug
of spring, and inightp(Slpone "tlie'
wmkyaTuiubl it -ba found -expedient Ju.
umlm take it, to tlie next year
Surveys and Levels were sube
uentiy t.iken between Pungn River
nd I'uujro Lake, hiiiI a line of explor
ation run into the State trsct of 5G.CG0
Acres, to ascertain its charactei and
capability of 4retg-drHiBed, and the
proper plan lur tliat purpose; there
ts of wlrch will be communicated
Lakes anJ tneir eB'ct upon the lin-
incise waste whicli stil round them.
I hey invS'iably orcupy ti.e highest
ground.their .-itr iiatiiig in all proba
bility, once been firm':rM"l' Ml ,n.ir
t.ani. evmvaied be the actio.: of hi f
successive growtlm of aquatic and othr I
idatits have by degrees still furthrr el-
. - . - . . .
evated their margins,' and "made them
he receptacles f pluvial water from
he adjoining swamps in rainy seasons.
To these swamps, in the dry weather
which may succeed, their waters are
turned, the loose spongy character and
great capacity for moUture of ajpyrely
CjetlV.e' ft", a tt fact mg tlie Jii ke waA
ters to a instance that would be in
credible t those 'unacquainted with
such localities.
' Free evaporation from Hie general
surface of these vast solitudes, is a
mit impossible from their umbrageous
character; it is probably not more than
half that which occurs in cultivated dis
tricts. The excess nf moisture 'must
consequently either be taken up to
supply vegetable growth, or escape by
slow filtration to the nearest stream
whoselltiir'iianiTerings are at vari
ance witli all the purposes f artificial
Iraimtgei After long continued" rains,
or under the influence of l.ih ynils.
the Lakes overflow, and their contents
are suddenly poured upon ihe alreadylit9Ue-X4enlhs of a foot, and not 2
hall submerged swamps; a continued,
motion, 'Or prtst as it is tetmed.'of the
water, tlten take place in the direc
tion f the greatest'declivityY wnlit il
reaches the vicinity of cultivation,
where, the soil being f a less permea
ble ra'tuie. and sometimes more ile
iiiessed. lvalue accumulates ta . tin
depth of several feet, notwithstaudinB
inr greater uc nines mere eiiorueu iui
its discharge and evaporation' 'Th
d nation f tisevilis wrf-easedylwgh
its inirn-i'v Is no doubt abated, by the
slow anivel of these redundant waters,
which, liaving few vents in Jhe shape
if natural streams, are compelled to
seek low and soft places whereby they
may find exit. From these two onuses,
slow evjipora'ion, aid; almost imper.
eptibter drainage, result an auiumnal
and winter climate of uncommon
iiumidity with the concomitants mf
iheuiiiiiti"in ami pleurisy. la summer,
the conjoint elTi;rts of heat and mois
ture arc felt in malaria and the attend
ant diseasrs. ' ' , , v
The evident remedy of -the evils is.
the removal entirely, of in part, of the
contents of theM great elevated basins,
by Canals or artrficial rivers which shall
at the same time .receive 'the surface
water uf' the country, Their greater
inclination, resulting from their-direct-ness,
.regularfui m and the secondary
Cauals, tu be constructed as the sales
of public. land progress, will reduce fle
lauds contiguous to a sufficient dryness
or JilLtlie purpose of agriculture.
llie clearing and cultivation of Ihtfl
lauds will, -lumuve in part, if. not en
tiiely, the sources of disease) dd their
unexampled frt'tlitysvheft reclaiined,
will affjid ample uieansf subsistence
at home, those a b are nvf eoinpel-
Itfil tu evk U. in new ami remote terri
tories. 1 btve no purpose,, to occupy
your time with descriptions , of
Lswamp region, oneady -well 1 know a.
iriHii the Memoir ol judge MurtihyVanti
the reports vof.Hefcsrst , JFol ton; and,
.asbf tating jor graotea taat , whar.Oecnroe nie.tQ; aoti$tpate-,lhe(glfporf,
has been so often described is now well .but 1 believe it is now conceded by
.indtrstood. I vrilf proceed at once to them, that with an extensive shoal ex-
a brief detail f the
ail f th retulta of the t,tw
rt before alluded to. V
eral aoreyt belore allutlrtl to. '
opencer a vmiai was rnnsirncteit tur j Cm.lltt tlteir object. . - , i t
the improvement tf private property,! . I would recommend the expenditure
ami commences naif a mile 'from the'bl about 82.500 in rVmovinff tt .Ma.l
wti in nmjw ww ine-i!S wirtttr-rr'
. l,- . t .L- t. .. .
10 IVe, its tenetli 5 miles, and its depth
r... ti d r...i '
ni r I, um i i w s iecu 1 me survey
wa ma!e ip'n the Canal bank. At
the (koinf of commencement, aoundiii;;
Were extended in a straight line Into
the JJike. Kive leet water was Inund
at the dbtarVf SOO yard; and that
lepth is n'iCwreaiied mure han ne
fwt at the distance of a mil f' from the
nhote. Vithin a few yards cf-the
Iake the land rises about a f....t and a
hall. An alternation uf erj gentle
riljres and depressions succeeds' for
nearly 2J miles, the tariatiun either
above or below the Laka level seldom
excewhnj a. few inches the ireat. si
ilepretMioii heins fifteen inches. - Th
declivity towards Altiafne Itiver, H
afterwards more rapid; The first half
uul0 chiefly: 'cultivated, and f
thorons,hly reclaimed from water,
would be unsurpassed in fertility, pro
ducing at present with the most care-'
less ' tillage, in good seasons, 8 or 10
barrels of Corn to the Acre. The two
miles succeeding are. heavily timbered,
at is generally the unimproved belt of
,lan4 ouud the Lake. fo',the samV
wid th the growth bing cypress, black.
-g!Lwtjj!'j, "d niaple, with a
most Tu xucuuit undergrow th" of Hies
and Kowering shrubs laurel and bay
frees, with an undergrowth of gall-berry
and fetter-bushes suceeed, f.dUwed
by an extensive savanna overgrown
reeds and fetter-bushes, and intersper
sed with dwarf pines. These savannas
are frequently devastated hy fire: at
other times they afford a valuable range
tMfteHttHfwvetwge-riits 4oiA.aaal JiJkrl At.lttoin. jinj) 5dfe?il.
ial fl from the surface water of the
Lake to the ordinary w ater of Alliga
tor River, is 4,818 feet. -The reeds
on the margin of the River indicate an
occasional rise of 2 feet above this
point", tltough during the flood of Au
gust last, the rise was probably 4 feet.
The soil is easy of excavation, but diffi
culties exist in regard to the timber.
!" the interrnption ol water dunne
r ii .i
live nmcess i renroviog me eann.
Vodfi JHount's ; Diti h, appeara
pon jiiount' i uiu n, appearances
were similar to ilioe already desrrib
ed the distance from the Lake to the
river but 3 miles, and the fall 4.529
feet. Alligator River was surveyed
between the mouths of thiwe two ditch
es, -unil fovnti tm tx riirrmlj crtHtkaH,
ar.d of a very variable depth and wid
ialtntfethcr ;jnsulted t the; rapid low,
veyance ot water. -Hpencer'a Uanal
is the mostr sutTable location on the
North side the River at its tertnina
tiotT being 15 feet deep, and 60 feet
wide, its width-augmenting very fast
as it is descended.
' The tides asffiey are called, are
mere accumulations of wafer under the
eflects of Northerly windi" in calml
wrainer ine niver naa prouauiy very
little fall before Spencer's Canal, "the
termination of which maybe consider
ed the level "of AlbemarieTJ)uriiV It
will be seen hereafter, that Pairlico
Sound is about 5k feet below Lake
Msttainuekeet, whence the difference
of level of the two Sound Is ascertain-
feeTiii heretJifore supposed. - 'Hits re
sult was to have been' expected, as a
fall of two feet from., Albemarle. In
Puiiitico Sound would create a constant
and" unstable rurrent through Croatan
Sound; instead whereof, it is at all
limes navigable, and its current at
tunes scarcely pereeplitHe. hl
Die RoibMV Turnpike Canal was
next ittrveyed. This is at the West
end of the Lake, the distance nearly 4
.miles. .awLahtf'.fall 4.7,8 -io. ..!, ke..
wbiclMS. about 3 or 4 tenths above the
ordinarjrwater of Rosebay Creeki 5.20
may be assumed as the fall, the greater
part nf which occurs in the lust mile,'
lor which reason the depth of cut would
lie greater on the average, than on other
lines jif -greater1 declivity. 7 Between
the Lake and Rosebay there has been
an extensive juniper swamp, indicating
a sandy bottom, anil I have heard that
quicksand was encountered1 in digging
the Canal, The Canal is abut 20 feet
wide and very" shallow, itj banks hav
ing an manyf plarca" cdtTiipsed. vThe
water is very shoal at its head, and for
a variety of other reasons, not necessa
ry to- enumerate.! consider this the
least eligible of the several proposed
locations. i-y - ..";, ' -.: !
Ysoi king Canal is that rrcently coo-
true ted Tor tli-porpos of draining the
Lake, v The fulfd appropriated was
evidently insufficient to accomplish a
work of that magnitude; a part of it
was necessary to purchase the right of
way and the previously existing smaller
Canal. At) .regards the actual-labor
performed there,, J aliould . sunnosi",
tram a- very rough .est'nnale. that it
could not have been less 'than 70.000
cube yards of excavation! of which the
cost was, something less ihan 85,000
No complaint can be made ou the score
of economy, but it is much to' be re
gretted that the appropriation had not
been larger, thus anording more fail-
itude o iue VemruMaionera- tn (he ae.
lection of a suitable line, i(;doeliot.
iVtiiig, it eTtler end fh'ta Canal, and
'their exhausted means, they cannyt ac-
their exhausted means, they
In, . . .
Shoal, a t is-- allel,. -t Ysoektnx
( reek, and extending that Canal tu the I
deep Waters i.f. the Ukc but l.cuo-1
iu'i. iimiii even alter tnose
impntyemeiits, and if tm irregular an
iiiilinaiioii and section, tu"diaiiiiliefof Thrilistliaie, frfra'thi tikeLvoc'avinn was Hiastlt Vjio'u
LakeTn: ..--j-r.v-".-' v; 1 1, J occur clflring heavy tsitis,' wliiih J tiug them tte'sonatly an
AtCypres Paint. foot miles West I would.' ' However,, bn. more than com. sisied of mu'iual "tile
of Lke Lomlinj, is the boldest part (
me iaite snore, i he ileptli tl 5 leet
may be had 00 yards fn.m tlie margin
At the distance . of i 7 miles,i aa asor
tained by .our 'wirwj,' there -are two
Haya of Pamliro 6oond, ooetf which.
East Bluff BayTyvai sounded and ex
hibitetl a degih of 5 f.et wjt'.'.ii t few
yards f the marsh the harbor pa-'
ious and rure. siuthavirtj; a gi-iietsl
Jpth W 6,'f and- 4 feet. Vest Pluff
Bay i divided frftiQ Eajf Bluff Bay by
t'ungii Bluff, and is mare rennet (raw
(Jypress Point. It Is also repotted to
oe shual and less secure as a narhor:;.
Tbe examinations "which have been
made of Lake Mstiamuskeef, hare
satisfied me that it ouht tobe t!ri'ii.'di i
and, Iroin the tnrormation as yet ob
tained, a Canal from Cypress Point to
East Bluff B.y,' would best atl .in tliat
endliJPjyJujdbweVer to; ecidtrg
oit thc locatien, I would reccmrmeiid
an "e'xaoVin'HTiofi -3r
West Bluff and Mount Pleasant ' BaVl
The total fall Trom the L ike to Pamii
co ound, as ascertained by th? level-1
ting Of irantttiorCrnal.'.'it SfV feet tq
mid-tidet this ' fallen ' distance of 7
miles; will give .an-Inclination' to the'
bottom of the Canal; of 78 lOOths of a
foot, or decimally expressed .000136.
at the water surface, with 5 feet dentil.
would comprise an area of 2121 square
feet, the perimeter of the 'bottom and
sides would be 53 feet, and the division
of the formeo- quantity by the Tattef,
would give its mesa depth, or what
hydrodynamists terrrt the miliqi f its
section. The velocity" getierateTl by
that inclination and nicnn depth, would
be about two: and a fifth' feet pt
second.- which multipled into the'area
212 1-?, andafterwirrdsdmded byrv
to reduce it to cubic-yards gives 17f
as the quantity per second drawn from
the Lake. This1 Canal Avould' pass
through the lands of Blount; Dotinel,'
ana binullwood at u ottirrs, nw quite
iitl, and Its capacity ' would
:;rnite increase, VHH a view to pass
offjbe .accumulated rjofttitity of water
betWeenlheLirke;rid the Bsy". " A
proportion iif ' the'cxprnse would fta
to be lefrayed -ly the owners of .ihe
land under the existing law, although
theland reclaimed by the pperation
from the Lake would alone authorise
it About one ciiW yartl per second
must be the increased capacity of dis
charge for each additional square mile
of improved land; and to provide for
improvement en eacnstoe ot tiieuanai
to a distance or 2 miles, that the' mar
ginal tands-meht be drained without
diminishing the flow of water from the
Lake.'iher discharge at the moulli of
the Canal mnst be 31 ihe yards per
second. This' would be nearly 'He
c ui'plished, by making the Canal Co
feet wide at bottom and 75 at the water
liirface, at its embouchure. Such 'di
mensiont would -give a 'dischargtS'f
29 3-8 cufie yards." - ,
An enquiry will nWariie, whctli'er
some economy might not result! from
making tlft process tit draining the4"
Lake more gradual.. thus giving ' Mie
Cnal enly such dimensions as will
drain oft the swamp waters, and pre
serve the reduced level of the' Like,
after- it shall have been attaiiir'if.'
Supposing iTS"Ifi ' weTilo la lolrft
ered nearly to the Canal bottoih, upon
the orconeiice of rtrrn," as loon as the
('anal war fillPrt; there would be 'a
heavy press of :tr back into the
Lake, which would imitmue untif the
Canal water subsided below the Lake
level.' The quantity of Water So dis
charged into the Lake, would but
slightly affect the level, and upon the
di ontinuance of rainj the flow front
the Lake would recommence. The
Lake has been found, by my recent
survey, to contain 86 square suite.
Qne iueh dpjh opon a ' square' mile,
requires a ursin capable 'of venting
one cube yard - per 'second -flTr!4
hours. A Canal which would drttn
17J cube yarcf per secojid would re
dure its waters one filih of art inch in
24 hours, and could the same head be
maintained, would discharge CO inches
in 300 days:.thi time, would b near
ly doubled, hnweyer, in consequence
of thercofilinued teduction of the head.
uiiltss 0 more rapid discharge be sf-1
lorded by an increased uidih-at- the
lower end of the Canal, ,u htreby an
uninterrupted efflux may ba afforded
to IheXska watera..,, , ,v.ta y,,
. ' )f we suppoe that. by. the expendi
ture of a sinall sum trpoA tha ,Ysock-
ling Canal,: iCof n, made, lo diV
-charge Jiall ihes quantity. ( tbat to
K.a'st .Bluff Bay. .their ' iowit. effect
would - accompUsli tU, reduction f
the Lake 41 - in . about .300 - dayst
and supposing that a. Warm summer J
should r'sfxirata .one- o)U raorcj. 3
water than fell in the same time upon
the Lakej its wateas jnight be rr.duc
ed 4 ft. Jin eight months, and 3 1-2 ft.
below their present level in less. than
to-thinl f that time, of about Q
days: thepre le rriMl woutTvary
cciinlin:i.i that f the rspid evapwra
Uoo, and wheihrit,tAe j.la:e .at the.
commmetiremrtit .og latter part of, the
period of disciiaige. IFjIie dimen
sionsor thf'v,aiai oe restrt. ted to a
Width nfC6 feet"" a slight ili initio tin n
pensatnliTir other timef'Jiy the in-
rrrtsed rBpidity whit n ' Would result
from 1 the mure ample dimensions b
low, ahd rotiquently greater fall
from the Lake whin the lner a. c-
tioBsnf the Canal were Md EHVd. If
these Canals be executed, they wiil
probably be undertaken by aUe own
ers In the nerjjtitxjrliiMid, where jihey
yearly vulae tif a slave" lahor vsries
from 0 90 dollarri' If i hnli'u'g and
snbsistence be! "tated tf f".f0 per an
num, and one fifth be added far con
tracturs' prtdlt.'the daily 4aior'a alave
will cost about on" half dltar. v Frinn
SOOt.iCitiOru'K'feet per-day, 4 tb
oratintry wotk of ditchrrs 'in this
ctmntrj , ar r.f.tlla to tIT character of
the gned. Taking the mean f the
two. ti e m re evravaiio of each cube
yard would be nearly three rents.
eiuppiwiog the two banks to be CO' feet
wid; at up, with I slope of one anil a
talf to owrth warr
spurtatioNwx tn upper t an. wiiLUaiild manner tng poJjoabr Eiigfana'
about 44 fei-t, and fl I at theiiiwitimilvith recara tor the Etirope.in ;1eottniieiit?
w I ffllTTlU TVI ICCt. Ill WHIUI lllliincri
3 tnen will easily lransiort what S Tan
excavate . riie remmal ii( cube
Tarda would thus coat IS cents, or 71
per yardt hat one fouith must kta add -J
d tollnsesimat fur) idle jlars anil
loss uf time front bad weather, wlfewc
tTif pricVper ctioo' yanI''llVVtiM-a'9'T
cents.' "11''")','' ')' ;'
Tlie area of a section taken midway
batWe4h4M'a4--aiwt towthof -thVi
Canal, supposing the averago cut to
be 3 1-2 Tect, would be -about 34
'-..!
yards which would give as the cost tI
one mile, at SI 2 cents pir yard, 5,
BU lUOlhs. anil -for 7 inifes-the
suin of 239,770 C0-100thsf The quan
l'ty of gnod land which will be rec
4ai med trom the Laker aril I be 1 0,600
Acres, and the value cannot but ex
reid the expenditures, ea aitetr tle-4
cuction ju imeiesi upon ine capuai
expemteil between the -construolioo f
the Laual auu the sale of (lie land.
i,To ascrrbun how much good JaniI
vvould4.bnaid.dry,by. the operatiBa d
diiua down r;ui-fccvUAoWhiUe-present
JlevVa auf vey fiit-nvad
of the Lake mafgint after wkh ou
dings wjri'e taken, at tho dt-pth of 3 1-8
ft. which were surveyed by trianguh-
tioni and . the nuantity. included be
tween the present and 4wer margin,
determined by the diflorenceof the tw
areas, s , J . . .i
- The Lake, bottom ' was also, bored
with. a land auger lo the depth ol ev
eral feet at every sounding station.
In some instances a few iodic of sand
wereJ"ound overlying a deep -vegetable
soil, but in most; instances jisnil
was -absent, . Sand, would lie. more
generally found at the, surface, of the
soil, that being more exposed to" it Ive
attrition of ,tha .water - wherrby ,lh
vegetable jhatler would, be. removed,
and the sand, from its greater weight,
be left behind. Tive .viantift ofrthat
matter must--ralhe add toUande
rrfct from the value of the wnl'. , Stoae: JiOai Wry tmnaaitii;aod wTwu- fho " -clay
.and ted ashea ar- also fiwods Sata tiiM,H4, built of the combat t
the Luke, bottom, inUrmixsd . wilh
vegetable matter -AU lUe soundiiia
are properly registered, and, witli the
other fii'd books, preserved, fur- your
nspection.v! A general Chart is in
preparation. exhibiting all, the unerav
twnirh--.easoit will- te U'aoa!
mttted; by the first .opportunity , after
itscoinpletion. . ... , , ww,i-;
, Gmciultdri.outnertf) ,,t)f r
fOALHOUNf AN h- VEVTBn:"
Corretpvmlence nf thS Salt. Corfl. Tranwript.
Mnhingt9H,'Martk IS, 1838.
Tlie Senate fet-day exhibited a. 'gladiatorial-combat)
Koch as secured tast
iJatunlay week between Clay and CaM
houo, wiih this difference, that ibstead
of .the Kentuckian Senator, tho State
Rights-leader had to cope-, wit a Daniel
Websteri and - be tlie. Judgments of
the- spectator t whatsit may, thete cirn
be.bufjjtne opin'MMvupoo Athe tndefat
Vablo spirif and ingenuity; Willi which
Mr. Calhoun baa sutiained this second
tmggtct ,(' j ?,p ,tt)f!'iv'
On the coming; up of the Special Or,
der, ..Mr. Calhoun cuinmenced hi re?
ply , to Webster's argmneHta -on -.the
constiiutiimality of Congress provid
ing a' .uniform .cut rtt'CJ't prefuly or
awering ats great length what lis),tf n
ed t-he attack! asada on him persol
ly bjr Mr. Webster, .d-t, psi'1
1 This portion f Calhoun' rematka
we very severe and poiitted,., and
tyoused the NurtberrrJaeoaoc to alatc
oftrsitatton which never saw him tlw
play s apeny before. , He writhed
bot in his 4.hir, as ,iC impalient of his
mobility 40 interrupt lalhoun aud.re
psUiijiharjje,', now, and tlien, givitig
y eftt o h ia ie 1 inga, t i ") barp . f xclani a
tios:PMt.ics quite reigo ( jiia
composed demeanor. Afterwards be
proceeded to bring charges of inconsis-
tencyagsinst Mr. ;'ebstVr on tag
Tarjjff" question, in proof ol . wU'.ch- ha
quoted largely from several of that
8en.tors sjieecfies The pnrely arga
inentiive purtioO of his remarks wce
ciytn,Ajith.liiijfcusM;
foree, Wrbster f course repTTed"oi .
with ottct armtl5ijLnLixcitemerf,aa
I thought bis Nurtliern terjierainent
w,i incapable of.. As tlie whole, , dis
ou msiiers ancc
ami in fact con-
rtacks and de '
fence of each others ctinsistener' I re
. .... - . - i
train irom dwelling Upon any of Us
pungent passages, but there pre , pne
or twit points the iisture of. whtcH
makes tliora tegttim'ate subject of .ntf
tice. - '4 . .r ,'t
' Catlioiin had lu'the conrseNof till
charges itgitiiist Websters consistency
intiinated that he could draw a parallel "
be'weenhis andWebsrer'a pointion air
to the late war,' nt 'reditablo fd th
latter. ' Wh'en replyin; tu thilnliina "
timi. M'ebster Uxrmlv thal!eogidt Cal4
honn ta prtidace what he bad to say h'
that hea.l, cinl then proceed,ed;tr ex-
plain hls view in rf frj-etocelo the 'war;'
nd how he had always been one 'of
the most stienuou advocates of cln
Creasing die naval power ofthe touh- v
try; be burst ft'irtlt w ith on of tfi nioatt
elegahl passages to be found in Kit va
rious seeches: ' ! '
He irfuiled trf thmptafice of our
atthat time Under the power of BonV
parte, Who being subject to '.the mari-
: 1 i':4.'. . r t.- i.. rf s.,-:'
iniic auperiori' t hi rng'anuri 41x9,
the fabled giant of old, was invincible'"
whenever It tmtched the 'earth?1 HiiaJ
great power F.nglafid.'had'bren made!
great by hcrnavvi-hetmaif waa
Vef Hie mnoinTal Ir w"a v'el h oni r wa a?
oft the deepfanire,'iafd VebsteV
were f attempt tr Wrestle with heron'
heri'aw'ismrto4trtlit'fbnat4-
.l. - . U . - v 1
tiiarviianu'io pay vtur rcpecii" ia nee
on ttn Aawie" (He itttpf The wlide?
of this passage was verf "fiorj fend find'
rng as Khlid in the heart at Am. rirana
wlid heard him1, thaflirtnest pilde in'
the achievements of our nary, its f-
feet Upon the ttenate Wirt electrical itl
deed, t!vry one-forgettiti jfof-tbe? mo- '
ment, kll patty feelings" 'in- 1ie lheme-;
Wmch led to this fnrigiiifirent episode. ?
i-' Bat the nest thing in the whide 9
bate, wav ah amusing axlract read by?
Webster from ' vtihtmtyonaintnjis) '
procoiJs f-nF flioprovlitcial -f overti-
menf of East Tewosee JI advifsclr
Calhoun tiv takoif hint from! what t
would retid add e"mbdy"in 0 ubtiwt1.
for bis 23d t4otr of ;th44rtt,wrbic1
there wos a motion-to strike out.: TbaA.
passagcTead 7 by- Webster,8 gate" forth"'
that as specie paynletitsi wera l!flia t !
in East Tennessee, it was onlerfd that !
hereafter theirOovernor ahould ;t6
paid U000 deer kkinaand sa on witsr .;
th other civil officers; their1 pay bein. j
given in skins if raccoons, rausk-rata
minks,- decretsiiig in number a'nd "al-
fteAetirt(r ft, ttii r n V .
to with whicli Vebter- .reailthjsV pak"
sige; convulsed : t'i wlmla. audtrace.
the ad'tiMnistration wrty giving iototha
general mirth, aniL among theninu.
aan laughed mare heartily than Qal 1
hnjin himself, vho'Sii'l he had nrt ohjfe .
tion to sucha tmy.itiesjt.if the skins cSisId,' V
be provide I to which Webs'er' rli',
plieortinatielid.'lMmTait
starv. madaatliaremaiiidceof the do.
A,'itei'med to-regard each itaP mm n
i-aceble looks
CorreipninU'iice yf tlie tlstiiinore Chronicle, t
Tht Pulton Clikmx--Ojtfen :) faff man"-E
. damn CucAmMBEtadalCl Bttinyty!tf
:' As my pnstcript iriformedyo dasi.i.
night 4fe llou' -fdeitl t1te.recoii
alderatloa nf.Jb.e.PulWHi3"K''
Tin; debate tifion y fDeo Tho,nP,tn'.jT
tnotiot) w vvryk',brilliantr 5 Among" v
others tlie1. remark M -Mr.l hotpy-, ,
eoojiimself were ivery.able .nidi co
qucnU, Mr. , U t ile's refuiatiuo ofv "
i)anrair.tiripu.ta'jiMi that, FuRon does-4
not dfjeva theJauctl h,haa, sx long -w
worm, ivas also A niosv vigoroul and 2
c
Hectiye piece oii eloquence,, Ai to-.
JIuifiianr wbalvf r he. tuhe he
ilonis, and o her dil , this sujij'-ci. ;
I give ou a brief trait or two ftnv
this beautiful speeslwAj f ..J,, jj
I ' UcplyiugtoMrQraigof-Virginis',
wlt oppusing tha JbiHv had afMsid that'i
tfif suet e of Fulton -; was attributco j
toood-lueli, Mrt 11. M jdlh t otbera S .
jiad ,onteiMcd;flinselves witi tearV
ingavvay the branches, and scattering 4 v
the; fuiiagebu t hat le (Mr. "
I....I u. ... lr at ili. i.nnl f (hat flotlrlfiit. -
ring trehwlrh,,UMd beea-reared ,saCt ' .
I .L t ..rn.'.i ....I , n,t Ul. . -
Jaipe tJJ'!,llioiciiwPvIdl.ifanT teT -
cradit-thatt gooi uc.to vnJtW, :
ias nujton.a ba iaventor of ateam ;4 "
nattrati'oM 4 v,h 1 'Tz
. t 1 a as .a r a -
would stiip nnm int prow o mcacnoi-
a-Jar Jus layand fronvthat jof , th aid
.1
dier liaUurel;Too, would strike, from,.'
roiir pension rolls, tlie nim.es ff
vetrrao patriota,,whieJboodhs ben-. .
hed,un. achieving Jlheif-couatryV.t inj ....
dependence. v Even Jhe jc,mb' ( Wh;.fl
inrtiirf" wou'd be OMhuKnired, ainl o'S
statue ouldba sirtppd its of ersptt
6 "&t?-
'.,. v
it..
.X. ' .
.it
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