V
'Tit iDy to numbers . of tWe ".pel
banfc .and pei'niilb d tl.em.yea.koUcited
iheMi to exiedliSir issue rparui
because wort1tU(it4wpaiiy E-
marked the rre uf those in power,
- and lr Van Bureii, pledged "U follow
. the footsteps," Kill persist afierthe
twice' eondemnati.m Mhe beople,: It
Is! evident - that the Admiuutration if
v atermiried Wl the total overtlmM Af
the edit system f lindef which we
haVeso long propred; There n'?
yiaCa declaration 'replete with mure
awfut t!i real nl hgi, tlia that uttered by
General Jackson and reiterated by M r.
Van Bur,-ti and hi party, iha't..'ihoe
wlu trail on borrowed, - capital Ought
fo break." Credij i the link between
labour and capital. . It give to labour
and 'skill the capital of the country, ami
enable litem toaccumutate, I" tufni
bcmsTfr- lo profir, 1 If the Credit sys
.teW'rV destroye d iMvould endciin
large, portion Jf bur spaclcs to pover
ty ud ie:didnei. They would bi
deprived nfonc gieut means of advan
cing their iortortes. and though file rich
, 'inighi continue itch," tlie imiir, Would
itway be poyr'ii-IjiMtk ft the iiperatiou
. id this policy; end say whether . hi
idea be not,' correct. " A! mechanic, by
bU latent aud iilt, a&juiresa r eputa",
tiuU tii'iiVproression. ' Ilia wage are
Timitneii romrtptr
mere hianusl labour. "He obtain from
friend a portion if his redundant cap-J
itaJ, ettetidil4bulnei and in a lew I
vear by using prudently anu aktiluilj
tbi "'.biirriitt'cd capital, lie spread a
round hi Umh all the comforts and
conveniences- o'flif.' How could the
mere day labourer be any Ihin mine,
without Ihjs system, which enable him
t.i draw into bi service the dead cap
ital, of tlie eouiitrj? Take away this sys
teni of. ci edit. 'and yoV leave him notlj
- -Vg hut mere tvit ud4r'udSei y,ieduci
bia rale of wactiHd -wake hi condi
tion daily wbi4rf aud, worse. .Besides
, it would . be impossible to establish a
racullic cjirreucy sufficient to meet the
demands o auch trauierelaif (fading
t.eonle a nor. There is, assuming the
" bifeheitJcsttmaleotrTniire thatt 880,
.-OWQQjn speciejn tne uni'eu suies.
-The xirciiiaUng mc a" i u.u de ma nd ti by
. the prosperity and growth of the couu-
try I upward of fuurliuudred millions.
Abolish the credit system-idraw from
circulation thin iiniiien.se amount, res-
ting on the good faith and credit of the
eountr , and introduce hard money,
alone, and yo tnke : reduction in
worth i ttuch as four dollars now, and
: the deb r wuo has gitew hi noU for
' 8101) at, Ihi time, would be bound V
pay 8S0U, oer "and abie the value
lor which lie wade himself liable
r. There , trei tarioaa Insurmountable
objections to the . SU Treatury. : 1 at
h Mttkt iht utablithmml of currency
.all tpe iCVOI properly, w c nwm r lie
. cxpenc itcil. tntn un ouiiay wuuiq oe
' for (he envtrnment and Office lloidtrt
ttiffertMt and diilinct from thai of tin
. people. 11 ' wwt require upnaru ui
000.000 in apecie to carry oa the
' tonarationa (HUU snfriment -i This
- specie is to be drawn, from the pockets
vt tlie people anu noaruei a waj n eaies
and vaults, te pay the oitieei t the
tovernmenU when but ' fifty million
will be left to carry on the whole trade
and business of - the peoUe, v Who is
"eo blind as not to ace that thia will af.
lect,"greatly affect-, the, -credit ayatemf
.There i, moreover, apmetliing else at
" (Ha bottom of all -thia different f ram
.what the people aappose. ! If by'.'"'
- trodttcint purely apecie curreftcy you
- Ucirae the r valao of money at least
-""fsvi foMrtwnrot -alHee whent rigi
natca this zeal of (be ollice lo Uera to
bicak tip the credit mte m titt it not
"7 increase their aaUr'ici'iw'th taihrpt'-'
' , portion ? -.The l'renidcnt who- i enii
- tied to lit aalary of X 2J.000, by recef
yinj It In hard money, under the rlian
' ge which i destruction (if tho Credit
nvstfin would produce, will ytrtnally
li'aee a sslary of 8100,000, and with the
4123.000. will' be able to wirchaeenear-
I r aa much of ibe Tonlea property as
be woolil at thia- time with '.8100.000V
.TU' aalr,tiMf?rjr;Mlinftt. officer
wUl.Wulajrj'euUft.ilitIJU!a
ri fid ibe wltlx peufe ol tlie people th us
'increawirrouflloTdrTK
Jinaster in (he country wdl lrce the peo
ple to pay'-' aptfcie ' lor the letter, by
'.'wUlch lUr heaf f'" their relation and
Iriends, aud transact thelrWsTneis")
wliilV they er reeeiving Hank paper
raj, (as the V'an ' Burcoitea call them)
for tlitir proilaca and labour- 'Fellow
Citircns, thia policy I $wMlittg pol-
icf.' It i tntenaew to' cneat you oti.1
' "of your harJ - earnings. JJttebre of ill
sindly." The ytm u unsafe. For
' fa'ty year rr'v,ou' ,0 ,,ie mt rod action
' f the" Sub Treasury the goVernmeni
;did not lose a single dollar by It d-
tositories.' How hal it been aince i
fpwards of twelve1 million of dollars,
" at the lowest calculation, haa been lost
bythe dtMcalitn o.Sub Tneast-n
' Aoairrsl Look at the case of Mr; 8wart.
- -akr.-of New Vr1cTknd"le how well
' the acliemi! wotVi. lie tmbeitled the
' roii"f-rtuV' ff tiearly A 'MILLION
' ANDTLHALFOF DOT.!, A US IThia
'is Iruly Independent Treasury for
do ilouut swftrtwour Jeeia ninte tmie-
't pendent with" suLU M roll f tn f" piort!e"
' rooe!rintiia&tfcel;'Tr5ifli'lai'Iv
counts, it is reported h bus Wen'gitJng
entertainment 1u Lirerprnd to crowd
U persons, wnicn cost unwani oi mir
" iir dollar ,itfc bead. Nir;U IMi 'all.
- Tle cweof, licCratlor;Tlifcl1tfii
-- und Boyd, and a doien" wlier, prove
UMt CorrupiWD lias cxiicu in inr
ernment under tfte operational of thl
dtDeriment.' The .Secretary : of 'the
Treurf ,ln Lis lgte report to Congreaa,
aja -there i still' due from the pet
luka, wUicl were ioooght to be inul
tent, about a million and ahaif of dol
lars. Of erhiithjs IduSmstralion baa
juada a great uUrvwben Uteae very
Banks wer aelected by .tbnuelrea,
i it" i t rtita 1 1 1 ftfi
isitton to the warnins1 of the
wliole peopieTejl when tlie delalca
tion of their own agent are spoken of,
pemyf know" it', lFellow"Citinsi IL
is idle to rijetlate that ' the people
money i sale in the hand or such mvn,
under such policy. - .
t&f,' It ht a tendency to enturgt
Executive patronu - The -President
ha already announced io the world
rhat lie lua control over the public
purse, and necessarily over every old
terWlio lia the s management jJf U,
Tli Sub-Tteaitury bill increase tlie
rtuuibr '.of ; officers. ' Th l'rei'nlent'
power of removal, theri.'will make alt
these- Officer subservient to hiw.
The great object of all free govern
ments ha been to '-check the influence
and patronage of the Executive depart
ment. By thesejie CorrUpt;ail the ar
enoe of power, influences the freedom
of thought and peecb, and a ways eve
ry pesa whicUlxatf-beiridnccd for
suUicient par. to become (he tool, ol a
partyr 'meto-1h Prer.dentthe pat-i
ronagc oi uiucpt anu mere is no nu
mail force tli At can check his stride to
absolute, power, ft is not ' in hu man
nature to resist the .blandiHtimeots of
iifiice. It is like tlie anole of Paradise
to our first parents; s'nd strong indeil
inust be that virtue which can resist it!
No Republican should desire this pat
ronage increased, if he expect ever
to see the government , brought back to
its original simplicity and purity.
4ihiy. J he tyiltin U too txpeneivt,
rot nearly al, hair century the keep
ing and disbursement -of " the public
revenue have not been of a farthing's
expense to the Government. ' Instead
of ilusirwar-actuafly paid a bonus,
or prcmiuw of 1,500,000 dollars, for
the care ol the public deposited.
Who an examine- the Sub-Treasury
bill without being struck with aston
islunent at the coal? , Splendid pub
lic butldingf are to be erected. It ia
well known that the Governmcnt.gen;
erally erccta its building! without re
gard to economy, and in the end tfiey
invariably cost double what the peuple
are told they ought; Our own State
it a striking Instance of this extrava
gance. '. . In addition to this, scite are
guard, the host of oflier and the
aC7" ducretionary pay to be ' allowed
yne inspecting agent anu me cicms, it
able Ui be increased op public emergen
cy, of as the revenue may happen to
increase. All this cannot fail to make
the. experiment one of great risk and
expenae.
. 5lhly, It lendi to the Consolidation
of the. Government. Wherever the
" " ,, ' " .
uisouraementa ol a. uovernment are
made, iAere all power will ultimately
tend this policy would make the head
departments the source or ail power.
by giving them auch control over the
currency as would enable them to
make war on the Slate Bank', at Slate
nnttiwioie, ueient tncir uperauuns,
bring (hem into disrepute, and finally
anaermmd hens entirely.. Are the
State prepared for, thia to see their
own institution ovei llirownrti to make
way for. a vast Goveriimet Bank,
with unlimited powers? If so, then
they may look out for a great consoli
dated Government, swallowing up the
rigbla-of, jtne..S talei,. JB u t it! .ie i).d ein
cy to commercial centralization, is yet
more threatening particularly to- the
South.1 , In exposition of thia argument,
I need only quote (he wurda of a dis
tijjuinlie,! statesman; In reply to Mr.
Calhoun he says; , . '.'.--, t i
, If the frndemsn ear renlislizstion, I am
atton'uhtd that b do im m centralixtllon
In sit Ua terror in ihii very pro.no.iuon of bis
war Pray allow m in fk, when ut ihi.
aoMrotrMntsncr, hi iharaurM ol iu Imu
nd -circulation,, mtMsUv ccnttwl .To -.what
poiiiU wUI It iMd J . Oruinly. mwl earUmly,
to the reat poinU ol cniirction and sxpen
ililiwe; to tha vwj boirorih metropoliuneity,
whftffvar tliat ctty. lust he. l'liit U M uti'1'
hta a lh fiilt of water er tht ruli of tlra-
tfswiaiKa wtttK4uiM.la.Colc'd In
New-.yek U will follow, of eora (bat !
third af any Goveminaol paper recnivai for Ju
tie will bathar ifcrire.li and it wiUIm too re
valuable lhr&Uian : elaawhera. The alu of
U H pSJVr VIIUIU t"t. l . w.. "im(rf
1 . J . .. 1 i....i.:i:.
M4 Bolhmg alaa. 1 H, would always arnd, tnaie-
luro.dmcllv to Ih spot whar the errataat Jo-
manJ ahould eslat lor k for that purpoos. Jail
hot ao at lUia ntomanl with Iho v'oulaiandinf
Troaaury note.? Ar the; aboudaot In ' O'eor
gla, In MUaiiislppl. In Illinoi, or In New Hamp-
aliirol . Hi Sooner twuad than Ibey eommanca
thair Saarch lowanl Ida place whrra ' they ar
moat valued aadmoal in dVmaodt lhat k to the
pleeeof tbe.ralt publie rreripl. If you
wanieoaeentraiion;. ahii enough of it if yoo
deair to dry op ha small at ream, af commerce,
and fill more full the deep' and already swoHea
neat channel., too wilt act very wiafly la that
and. if you keep out of Ilia receipt of the Treas
ury money but auth paper aa lb ; Coeora-
ment may lurm.b, and ncn abaii baao-otaar-rie
redeemable than, ia receipt for. ilablf to
QoTernment.whil at the aante time yoa deoteaa
- How Irresitable the conclusion! A,nd
bow amonishinp;,' that aoutVrn men
should be fmnil ' iiprrtint a system
' which'ir to build up the porthen cities
jat the I pe n'e cof thft "tw (hj hi read y
exhidstetl by gvernineti(al ctio'rtioni
J' The 4th Rfsolutinn, 1 to which your
a'tantion i next aolicited, assert that
the Public Land id ' the United Pt-tea
ar thgjenamoii twjieTtjriif allthe State
"and tohiemni'thlMate acf of Conpiess,
allowing setter' cirf thjtm the right f
pre-emption at the miniuinw price, at an
act of grosi. injnitice to the old States
jwduch originally ceueu them w coninu
eteal a common fund for their purchase.
To enable yoO to understand the fouo
datiea -of the claim which N. Carolina
ha to a proportionate aliare of the pfQj
ceedt arising from the lale of the pub.
lie domain, it may be neceaaary to give
a brier history ol the cess'ons mane oy
the cyeral State. to Ue General Gov
ernmenfc At the time tlie article of
confederation were recommended, sev
eral state objected 4oahem, because
the"
die
waste and uncultivated land wnnin
territory of some of the States waa
not surrendered at a commoikund to
dtrfrar'rlie expenses Ibcoi red difig the
war ot me iievoiuuon. inis war nau
brought on tlie States a heavy foreign
debt the Public Credit was likely to
be ' weakened the finances were de
railed and the ' national faith on the
eve of prostration, by the difficulties
which appeared in the way of establish
ing a more prrmamentand settled Gov
ernment New York, Virginia, Noh
Caroli na, and several other spates, which
ow ned vacant territory, promptly Step
ped forward aud ceded it to the United
States, on certain conditions and under
Certain trusts, specified in their respec
tive deeds.- The grant of Newjk'ork,
expressly states that all the land there
by ceded " it for the use and benefit of
tuch of the ttattt at are or shall become
jHirlUt io (Ue ConfederaiionL!l f.e-,
sionsol Virginia, & JNortn Carolina are
on nearly the same conditions. The
words of the latter are:
All the lauds intended lo be ceded, by vir.
tue of thia act, to the United States, shall be
cunaUtcrcd a a common land for Che use and
benefit of.lh United Statea of America,
NOUTH CAHOLINA INCLUSIVE, according
to their reinective and usual proportion in the
rcnerat charge and expenditure, and shall be
raithfully ditiMjtcd oTIbT'that purpose, and '
jr na elAee um er purptte jtfiatevtr,
The same Conditions, in substance, if
Hnot in express terms; were incorporat
ed into the deeds from the other States.
These', then, are the agreements r ob
ligations into which the confederation
entered with the respective States. In
1 789,the present constitution was form
ed, iu the j stfpars wapli of the 6th ar
ticle of which, is the following!
"All debts contracted and engagementa
entered into before the adoption of thiaeonati
lulion shall be aa valid against the United
States under tliia con.titution as tinder the
confederatioeu" . .. -
The present government, then.. As
sumed all the contracts of the confed
eiation.and how any one Can prevent ar
riving at the conclusion that North Car
olina has an interest in the proceeds of
thevpublio lands, 'accoruing to her pro-
penanurer ta, to me, ficomprenen.
ble. I not the General Government
bound to perform the trust? Call it.
more than an indivwal trustee, go be
yond the express etipulatioas of the
trust? lo test tbe question) suppose
Congress should cede the whole of the
publie domain to one or two of the states
which bore none of the burthen of the
war) would thia be performing the requi
sitions of the trust in equity & good con
science? All would reply ia the nega
tive. But the Government ia virtually
doing it at thia time. By the bill before
Congress the price on about TS mill
ions ot acre is to be reduced from one
dollar twenty-five cents per acre to
seventy five cents. Congress had, ev
idently, as well give the lands away j
for the price is a ttftre nominal one.
But, let u enquire what has been
done for North Carolina, compared
With other States. n return for the Im
mense body of land which ahe ceded to
the government? Illinois has received
1,030.000 acres of the most valuable
portion of the public domain, for the
purposes., of educatiufl Jdusoun.ha
obtained 1,877,719 acres Michigan a
baut t.lS6.000i and the Stales of Mi.
sissippi. Alabama, 'Louisiana, Ohio, In
diana and Arkansas nearly in the a me
ratio. The common achool land of Mi
chigan ia valued, by her superintend
ent ol public schools, at 84,270,000.
Hut of Missouri at 83.983,264; tbe in
terest on which (835, 899J amounts to
nearly half the annual revenue of North
Carolina arising trout taxation. And,
pray, fellow-c'uixens of North, Caroli
na, what hat lauen to jor sharer
Nothing, literally; nothing,,. ..yonrao
cestui a were asraverTCbnTittffairis
heavy taxation and underwent a ma-
ny privaiion uuriug mo reToiuiion,
and contributed as much, afterwards,
towards the formation of the constitu
tion, and hive .you been remembered in
this proiHgal appropriation of this com-
aiua hronertyf laike poor tazarus,
your State woo Id hardly have been per
milted to catch the crumbs which fell
front the. table of the rich. Is this just r
Willi that portion of the public do
main to .which ahe it rightly entitled,
the bleasinn of education coald be ex
tended to every child within her lim
its., Those barriers ef nature which
take' from our people the commercial
advantages which every ether Atlantic
State enjoys, could then be removed,
and a new era would burst upon us.
""The Sth'rcsolatjioti protests against
the extravagance bt the Ueneral Gov
ernment. It is a matter which materi
ally concerns the! p opte of thia cnun
fry to compare the expenditures of the
late' and the pi rsent Administration,
with' that of Mr. Adams, which met
with such a signal e'nnde'mnation for its
prodigal appropriation of the public
lunti. -1 ne patronage 01 the press
wn one of the treat chantert'tnto which
the famous ' Retrenchment Report of
18i8 wa divided. -. It is there stated
an astonishing fact, .that the imoQni
paid for brintins, &e. by the Execu
tive for the f then three last year
(1825, 1836. 1827d by the Post
Office Department was 871.830 al."'
lnis was re Tardea as an extravagant
expenditore; ind" retrenchment ' was
loudly demandedr rot three years l
tlie reign of those, in power, ending
the 30th September1.: 1 837, the expen
dttures had increased to 170,058 18,
297,22767 over and above that of the
same, number, of years during Mr.
Adams' administration. '
The same Retrenchment Committee
of 1828, reporied,fhat the privilege
of Newspapers to-the member ought
to be abrogated," and that the practice
too often indulged by the House, of
votih books to theuise! yes, ought to
be discontinued but instead ot being
abrogated or : discontinued, the , prac-4
lice is ami Kepi np, witu mcreaseu ex.-
Tlie continent expenses of the
House, by the same Report, were re
garded as exorbitant,' But how is it
now? In' 1828, those expenses were
880,000. ' During the year 1836, the
last year of General Jackson' Admin
istration, these very; same charges had
increased to 200.000; aud during
that of 1837 the Cast year of Mr.
Van Buren's to 250,000! and have
been enlarged in the same ratio every
year since. " . (
The same Report of 1828, eipress
ed the belief, that at least one third of
JM,rirkaheiijnJje;.Smph
various Uepartments, couhl he uis
pensed with,., iu perfect safety to the
public interest. Instead of complying
with this recommendation, the number
of clerks in each of I lie offices has
been increased. In 1828, the whole!
number a b State Department, and
the Patent 'office was' 16, with a salary,
of 2,750 dollars. In 1837, there were
40, with a salary of . 56,31 5 dollars.
In the patent office alone, the number
has been enlarged, from 2 to 24, and.
the salary from 1,800 dollars to 21,000
dol lars." I n: 1 828, the Sec retary of the
Treasury employed 8 clerks, with a
salary of 18.C00 dollars; in 1837 he
had 15 clerks,' with a pay of about
27.000 dollars.
In 1 828, the War Department bad
1 8 clerks and" two messengers, with a
Salary of 28,650 dollars. In 1838,
the same department had 4Q elerks,
with a pay of 63,800 dollars.
In 1 828, the Adjutant General had
3 clerks, with a compensation ol 2,950
dollars, whilst ih 1838, there had been,
an increase to 7 or 8 clerks, and the
compensation enlarged to 8,225 dollars.
All the branches of the Government,
in their various ramifications, have, in
the ilhieaner Je aqjr. mor
iasaVsM
It may not be amiss to refer to a t
paragraph of the speech delivered by
Mr. Bond of Ohio in the House of
Representatives, which places in bold
relief before the country the alarming
and corrupting prodigality of the Ad
ministration. He says: . . r...
"Daring this "searching operation" and
eaptioue fault-Binding, ever petty axpenae of
the several Department waa looked upon with
open cen.ure. I well remember lhat an Item
of some few dollar, paid a laborer 'for deatroy
ing tbe grass which waa growing between the
bricks of the paved walk -leadine; to the Slate
DeparUneirt, waa held up lo 'ubh'o viewa as a
piece of- ariatocratie extravagance. Mow air,
suppose I were to cite to you many aimilar and
equally (if not more) objectionable charge, in
th preaenl account of these Deparmenu -auch
a caeh paid for clearing the enow oiT the pave
ment, ae that Mr. Foray th need not wet bis
feet; '90 dollara a quarter, for labor,' "54 dol
lar for sundries," M16dollsrs for work," with
out etating-what labor or work. It might have
been for killing hm, or raising vegeubles for
the Secretary. The terra "aundriea" may . con
ceal th same things, sad th carious alight In
obira what liaa waa made af the fira nroof naint
tor which T8 dollars wer paid by the Secretary of
Plata. But tbe money ia well laid out, if it wilt
. preset a tbe edifice! A nd it ia to be regretted
tbatlb Seereuryof the Treasury aud lb
Peetmaster General bad not made similar pur
chases In time to save tneir reepectiv build
lags. Peokiiitea and aciaeora, br the dozen
ad half dozen, are purchased for lbs- 8scrata-
2 of Btalo, who alao pays Clark to go to Bel
mora to collect a draft An item of 100 dol
lars paid by the Secretary of tho Treaaory for
lbs traaaportation ol money; but how much
money, or fromwheaos or where Uan.poped,
we know not. - This last charge u kiiiil of
foretaata ol th hard-money 8ub-Treeury aye
lem, by Which, inatested of tranamitting th
fundaof the- Government by meane of Ihe
cheap, aafe, and rapid system of aschango,
which prevailed before Ibo banks wer - "da.
touched by Mr, Kendall, ibe puUw wiriey to
Bow lo be wagoueu over Ibo Country, at great
HiwtM and ttaxard. sad alma v wiih delay." -'
"'rlr-eati tie"Seen fromthe Rport4f
the secretary of the 1 reasurv, that the
expenditures of the Government have
increased from 12,1)00,000 dollars an-
naallrtoTHiTT raHT--otr roaVr
nilLioxs or dollars. During Gen
eral Jackson's term of office, it was
alleged, that he had annually to pay a
targe portion of the pubtic debt. But
this debt was entirety extinguished by
hint) and yet the expenses of Mr. Van
Huren have been as treat, if not ereat-
er, than they were When ueneral Jack
son 1ia J IheontroToTflieTJoverhi
And will the beople be deceived any
longer by such promises of retrench
ment and reformr Millions on mil
lions wasted annually to reward .parti
tan editors and Office 'Holders and
this drawn from jjie labour of the peo
ple! How Ions trttf jre'emeri submit
to weh mitndet f How .long will they
tuSer ' their own money to be used to
corrupt their own Uovernmentr
But. Fellow Citizens, I shall trouble.
yoi but sj moment longer. . Tlie Legis
lature ha unequivocally expressed what
.'i' .. !. . ' '. .... t -.4
they Denevea to oe your wisnes on tne
rreat and interesting topir a which have
been agitatin the country. They have
done nothins-morer'than -that - which
they had a right to do as vour agents.
They would 'have been unfaithful sen
tinefs had they not warned you 'of the
danger ahead, and" called up your pub
lic servants to guide, tbe vessel ol state,
fronv lho . rocks towarda which they '
are heedlessly propelling it To aay '
that these resolotions cannot be under
stood, is. presuming that our Senators
are ignorant of the English language.
And can. you acknowledge that you
have deputized men to consul ton great
matter of national policy, .who are so
ignorant tliat they cancot construe their
mother tongue f - rr my part, I would
ay to each of the-n what Shatloip said
of the renowned French physician: " 1
never heard a anaa of your place grav
ity, and learning, so wide of your own
respect." But, despite the protesta
tions of our Senators, tlie resolutions
sa'4 udrModt He who rum may
reud. It requires not the wisdom of a
Solomon to intepret their meaning, tho
it may require that species of knowl
edge for which they seem remarkable, to
misconceive their object the obiec
tion that the resolutions do hot contain
the word M instruct," is a mere child
ish quibble, unbecoming the dignity of
a Senator who acknowledges the great,
principle of instruction. They have
heretofore avowed that it was only ne
cessary for them to know the will of
their constituents, to induce them to
obey or resign. How is this, will to be
expressed but by the Legislature? They
know very" well, tliat according to their
own doctrines, these resolutions are in-
s' t rucliofi r'twantended as iocht and 1
they will meet their reward the peo
ple "strip them of their mellow hang
ings" disrobe them of their official
consequence and place confidence in
others who will, at leasU-not scoff at
their wishes and insult their injunctions.
But, Fellow Citizens, suffer not 'your
selves to be deceived. The present is
an important crisis in the progress of
constitutional principles. ' A spirit of
disorder and disorganization has seized
upon the body politic, and threatens its
dissolution. In on section of the coun
tiy, doctrines are openly avowed di
rectly at variance with all the rights of
property the poor excited against the
rich-corporate right conferred by the
laws, openly denounced; and ajlihe u
sages ftnd foundations of society menac
ed with overthrow. ' "
In another section we have witnessed
a ruthless mob driving a State Legisla
ture fiom its halls at the point of the
bayonett, and proclaiming death to all
who should dare re8it their authority.
Su tfer not such d isorganiting such un
hallowed doctrines to take root and
flourish in North Carolina. She has
hitherto been loyal to the constitution,
devoted to th nrinclhlea nf neurit ahd
"er faircharacter sliali be soiled bv
such. Wanton attacks upon order and
good government. Strike; then, at tut
rootorthe evil. Reform tour Gov-
r.RXMEXT: CHA.NGB TOVR RuLERS,
Your Condition may be bettered: It
nev.r can be worsted. V.,
ONE OF THE PEOPLE.
In the Senate on Tuesday,- Jannary
8, The graduation bill waa discussed
by Messrs. Clay of Alabama, Young
and Crittenden, the latter of whom
showed that the bill was calculated to
injure tlie farmers ol the old States
and benefit rich speculators.
In the House of Representatives,
Mr. Cambieleng reported a bill toa-
mend the act authorising the issue of
.Treasury note. 'ISimply extends the
limitation of the act of 1838 to June
next. ' ., jj .. ;(-.' .- -X '
The motion to refer the Swartwout
Defalcation to a setect committee, to
be appointed by ballot, waa discussed
by Jdrsrs. Cambrelnir, Garland . of
Va., Pickens, Gushing, Wise. Iloon,
Bond. Before i Mr. Bond concluded
his remarks the House adjourned.
In the senate, on W ednesday, Jan
uary 0, Mr. Prentiss presented resolu
tions of the Legislature of Vermont
insjructinjr their Senator in Congress
to use the,, influence- to procure the
abolition of slavery in the District of
Columbia, and the suppression of the
domestic internal slave trade, and to
prevent the annexation of Texas.
The question of reception having
been made, - -
Mrr frerrtiss moved that- the paper
be laid on t table and' printed, and
made some remaxka.upon.lhe ni opcuij:
of receiving tbe resolutions of a sover
eign btate with respect.
Mr. Callioun was amazed, he said,
at the afowar cif the opinion -that - tlte
agitation or this subject here uotlld be
a means of quieting tbe country.Should
the South agree to agitate , the . que
tion here? Would not its continued
agitation' here serve to alienate the
South from the. North, to excite stronm
internal jelousies and animosities, and
soon to destroy the best hopes of man
kind, which are involved irr the expert
ment ol this great republic. 1 he ab
olitionists come here and tell us : that
we have no title to our estates, or a
large portion f them t that we hold'
them witliout law. Have they riaM to
come here day after day, and question -our
titlr tw our pronerty ? -Must we
let them go on in this work f mis
chief? The only way is to put a stop
to the whole thine. , . ,
Mr. King made some remarks t, a
similar tenor, and said he had hoped
that the Senate would avoid this sgila-
tinn. In the other Hou'si! It harf oeen
agitated and in' a most jljsgrgcaful
nanoer.; , Ihe gentleman Irom , ver
mont ought ta be -cttolent Jf - presenj
his resolution! and have them received
without printing them.
Mr. . Lumpkin moved to lay the tnb-
tion to. print on Ihe i&ble
yeas 29, nays ?3 ;....v..
1 be senate then look up the gradsa.
tion bill, and after debate, agreed
various amendments to the amendmtn
reported by the committee, y - a,,
-Air tIAi , oi rventucay, rtne obh.
tion on the)' amendment as amended jn
pending,) now offered a, substitute' fw
the wbtde ulT, providing, trits first pah
that any actual, settler on publto land'
might purchase 80 acres, er less, at 50
cents per acre from 80 to 100 acres at
73 cents per acre and front 100 to SSft
acres at 81 per acre. Thi subs ti tuts,
in;itS second part, was a transcript t
Mr. Clay's- land bill, so called, wjt,
necessary ' tnndiScatiotiSj oiie of - which
left the distributed money to a fret li.
posai by the States 041 whom it "ahbuld
be bestowed.,;.';.:.?::":;
The substitute was ordered to bt
printed-,-" ' ' v- ' !- sv 'v?:' v.
'The'! House took" u p 'the y esolutiot
to refer tlie report On Swartwout's de
falcation to a Selei t coihndttee f nin.
members the , nuestiou beinir on Hi. !
motiou to appoint committee by Id
iot. . - - . ..- h
Mr. Bond, of Chita took. the floM.
and entered into, art elaborate eiiniiu
tion of the documents connected with
this subject, and argued 1 from theia
that the Secretary of the Treasury jsrf
been guilt y "f tros and culpable neailu
gence of duty, and thereby .encours-td
anu lacuuaieu iwr Ueiwcilioni i.rswar
twout, Price, and others. Hewusid,
ereil the" Drofessidns which ntitliieaa
Jackson" made when ha;; cam uti'
power, and the peculiar antl ie"asiva
ciaima which tne ptcseai anu ,iaie aU
ministrations made t 4 regard foe tin
purity of the goverumet, and t hi safe ry
of the public money ami then cstabfisV
ed the fact that these Very tuen encQur.
aged' corruption u,iiil Jatklcatiou by their
own neglect 01 duty,. nil by actiug up..
on the ;ot syttv i seletring-fiub--
iieoincersv--- frr? -r-
He went 4utr aa.asgomeiit io .sligir
that tlie attempt mudkr by the Secretary
of the Treasary to-dhaiw the blaine1 fi'p..
on the Subordinate olltceis had . failed,
that the Secretary via idne responsi
ble fur the orgieci. The duties- im.
poed on the Secretary ol lite TreaMny
by the act of and. oalier set t.
quired of him a superviso -of the ac
counts of the Collector,, which . Mr,
Woodbury had endevri'dt to shift vV"
upun the Naval officers" 4 andsul
ordinate. Alter I'uuUaer vSuWe, Ui
House adjourned. Xs f'
. -, ' 1 HiuniEun, I'm. IO.! "
"fi:. tr. 1 rn .. . s.
ano jjanu aim was bvim UDIS
reduction to lands only that have bees
in the market for fifteen years,' and to
in quantities pi u, joujuiassuaCTes,
according to the rate af sedutuav and
further to distribute Ihe proceeds of Hit
public' lands, after among the
several States of t&e Union, 1 -
Mr. Clay advocated) fci amen&attl
in an eloquent speechvaiMt waa replied1
to by Mr. Buchanaa-wbett the ouet
tion being taken, the Mneadmewtr-wa
rejected by tbe toUaaving voter
Yka Xleears. Jt.yaadi.CWr uf Kentuckr,
Crittenden, Davis, Knight, Mcklean, Merrick.
Prentiss, Itobbina, fteailh af tiidianaSouttianl,
Saift, autf TiplorrltS .- "
Nass Mea.ra. Alls. Dentony. Brows,
Ituchanan, CulhuunCtaf of Alabama, Fualcr,
Pulton, Hubbard, teng. Linn. Lurahin, Lyon,
Muuloo, NichulaSk Nilca" N'wr-rcll Fre.loa
Hives, ftoane, UwbttiMn. Srrangew U'alkrr,
Wall, White. Wifikmisofl MUs, Xrtf aiat
Young 29. , -r
Mr. Ilentoa then ' submitted tlii
clause, of the substitute, permitting ac
tual seniors to fare lands that hin
lieen in the market far fifteen earsP si
fifty cent, per acre Ih ajuaptity ' bemf
limited to eighty acaes aW each actual
iettlrri.'in ainendlaieM to Iha grad
uation bill which waa hled---vi.
24, na'yit 19. The' bill,, a amcnitdb
was, on motion of -Mr Clav, of AJs
bania, ordered tu be prirjteJ, tndtlir
Senate adjourned. J ;L' ; 4-'
Iu theHoui of Hepresentativs,4a
Thu,iday, the morning hour a oc
cupied upon the proposition .of Mr.
Wise to reprint 20,000 siopiesof
documents reprted I o Congress al ths
ast session, iu relation to dtlalcatuDi.
I he remainder of the dky wa occapid
todSussiWgi!!M
iioie. tne uiu lor tne erecii n .o
dry:"fK stBrwikiyn
and bi. fore coming; to any acXlon iie
Said bill, the House adiourrtrd.'. 1
. vi .4. ,.': Fritlau Jan. tU
L -.TheSeiiateal'e the presentatioa "f
bills, petitions, g-r.. resumed the ces
sideration of the bill tu provide forlU
reduction and graduation W the jfsrscw
of the public lauds, and fthe
repurted.as ameiulwl, a thesSenat
when, the qilestion ort copcnrriitg otiis
the" amendment niaJo Jin." cumnitttr
cmwing up, the first amendment
concuirredJn ,: " f r
Alter some rtmaraia froo Jf
liuchanan. Clav Alabama.'Bent'
Morria, Nibs Pjreston Ktvesanu vt.
her, tbequeslioii was laneni.n cum.-
rine in H aineimmeiif
allowing
the
entry by actual settler of 1aiid,tj
have been fifteen years in thimark
at fifty cents per scret whicnso"-
mrnt was reiecred yeas xi.
Mr. Ilivea then moved W poaipv
the bill indefinitely.- -7M
Before the question upon this-w""'
wlaWakr the Senate- adjourned I
Monday. V'
U the' House -of U-presentaUf''
little if importance oecured. -!t.
olution of Mr Viae,'fofIthe! prmtinf
of 0.000 copies of cerlam docuuien
relaiiog fo public defaulters, was
opted. JA!o, the follow rcsolatn
........s..?.,,,.