PAGE TWO I Wxe JJailg Jltmrd I DUNN, N. C. Published By RECORD PUBLISHING COMPANY ""* At Sll East Canary Street NATIONAL ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVE THOMAS F. CLARK CO., INC. 205-217 E. 42nd St., New York 17, N. Y. Branch Offices In Every Major City SUBSCRIPTION RATES BY CARRIER: 20 cents per week; $8.50 per year in advance; $5 for six months; $3 for three months W- TOWNS NOT SERVED BY CARRIER AND ON RURAL ROUTES INSIDE NORTH CAROLINA: 56.00 per year; $3.50 for six months; $2 for three months OUT-OF-STATE: $8.50 per year in advance; $5 for six months. $3 for three months Entered as second-class matter in the Post Office in Dunn, N. CL, under the laws of Congress, Act of March 3, 1879. Every afternoon, Monday through Friday Just What Constitutes First Degree Murder -Present-day court procedure is quite confusing to the average layman. In fact, it’s even confusing to some of the country’s best legal talent. -We profess to know very little about the law and court procedure. It’s always been confusing to us how a case of drunken driving could end up by the defendant pleading guilty to forcible trespass or something like that. Likewise, we can see very little justice in allowing a de fendant who has confessed first-degree murder to plead guilty to being an accessory before and after the fact. We’re referring to the case of a Negro named James Taylor, who received life imprisonment in Harnett’s Su perior Court last week. According to the evidence, Taylor went to the home of his sweetheart, knocked the door down, walked in, and very deliberately shot her to death as she lay sleeping with her baby. He readily confessed the crime. There was no evi dence of anything but first degree murder. i However, his attorneys were quite willing to compro b- to save the defendant from the gas chamber. And, certainly, nobody can be critical of an attorney for try ing to save the life of his client. They would be negligent of duty if they did otherwise?. The argument was advanced that even if the jury shouM bring in a verdict of first degree without a recom mend Son for mercy and the Negro sentenced to die, the verdict might not stand up in Supreme Court on account of scime technicality in the law. Argument was also advanced that the trial would be costly to the taxpayers. As we see it, the court immediately concerned with a case is supnosed to mete out justice, as warranted re gardless of what any other court might do. The expense of a trial should never be considered The ; Federal government, for example, doesn’t give up looking for a man even if the cost runs into many thou sands jpf dollars. Justice is always the aim, if not the goal. This newspaper has no desire to see anybody exe cuted—we aren’t quite sure at times that we believe in capitol punishment. But it seems to us that a defendant should in every raise be placed on trial for the offense charged against The case last week leads us to wondering just what constitutes first degree murder in this county In the words of District Solicitor Jack Hooks, if there was ever a case of cold-blooded, premeditated murder, this was is. Murderers in the future can be consoled by the fact can always plead guilty to being an accessory, ge „ ljfe m prison and sooner or later get paroled or get their- sentence commuted. “ EXETER^IP 1 ? ?£_£ ABE , NTS LAW BACKFIRES EXETER, R. I. IUV-Parents com- MUNCIE. Ind Hi” Patrolmpn P’ al , ne l t 0 “ht" l committee William Moler and James Peters th ? r children had to board Put their autes in metered park- h school bus at 6:15 a. m. when they appeared as to be-ln time for 8 o clock classes, witnesses in a city court trial. The • ■ ~ ~ trial lasted longer than they had More than a million eggs were expected and they got tickets for North Carolina in 1950. overtime parking. Frederick OTHMAN , WASHINGTON. Looks like we’re going to phase out some of cwr defense program. Then we’ll fins like It. H- m-m-m-m-m. I tell ySu there’s something con tagious about gobbledegook. Nor man scents and solid citizens like Charles E. Wilson and Manly Ftelschmann come to Washington to run the nation’s production sys tem and for a while they talk like the-rest of us. Gradually Federal- I ese; the language spoken exclusive ly in ’our local marble halls, rubs off on ’em. And pretty soon thev’re •pouting Words that don’t even ap i P*«T“in an unabridged dictionary. t Uakfr;Very sad. So. there were the Messrs. Wil »on and Fleishchmann being ques tioned by the Joint Senate and Housd Defense Committee pn how many people were so sore about the way their Washington masta-s were treating ’em. Tlj£_ trouble, even as it was dur ing Works War 11, was shortages of practically everything. And espe cially copper, brass, aluminum, and ■tn&tural steel. Mobilization Director Wilson and Production Administrator Fleisch mang said they were trying to Buffalo, N. Y„ would talk like that. But I heard right. He went on to say that a number of other defense schemes also would have to be phased out. Pretty soon Wilson, ex-boss of the General Electric Co., was phas ing out some situations, too. I’m not too sure exactly what th meant, but I got fW P idea u they’d calm down some of the big brains and keep ’em from hoarding scarce materials until they reallv needed them. Then Fleischmann went on to say that he was being forced to cut out the building of office buildings al together and even to slow .up the erection of defense plants cn ac count of the steel and copper shortage. He added, and I quote: “The figures arc not yet finalized." He meant here (I think) that he didn’t have any good calcula tions on construction needs, but he was working on ’em. As a journeyman reporter, with a big dictionary handy, I’m all for Wilson and Fleischmann divid ing ur the stuff that goes into rifles and television sets as wisely as they can. This is no easy job Both the gunsmiths and the elec tricians figure they’re getting the short end of the stick. Such snarl ing battles kept Washington busy during all the last war: now we’re getting more of the same. Fact is, these proceedings were some thing like walking into the mid dle of a movie. I got the feeling that this was where I came in. One thing, though, I wish the production bosses would ration is phony English. Pm not angry, you understand; just a little confused by the language they’re tunneling They’ve got me doing it. These Days £ckcUkif WHAT IS A REPUBLICAN? General Eisenhower’s declaration that he is a Republican raises the , question: What is a Republican? In some countries, political par ties are membership organizations. . Those wishing to belong apply for membership, are elected, and pay dues. Neither the Republican nor the Democratic Party is of this category. True, there are local and social clubs, but there is no nation al organization. No man, for in stance. is president of the Repub lican or the Democratic Party. The national committee comes 1: to providing a central organ, , but it is strictly functional, having to do with such matters as ar ranging for national conventions, sending out speakers, etc. Mem bers of the national committee of either party may or may not have any influence upon the party’s pro gram, which is determined by the president-in-office for the majority party and the prepopderance of votes on issues by the minority party. In most states there is some form of enrollment or registration. Those who designate themselves in this manner can vote in primaries. On the other hand, a man who has been a Democrat, a Socialist, a Communist or a Prohibitionist can designate himself as a Republican in any year if he so desires. This is equally true of the Democratic Party. No pledge of allegiance is required. What it amounts to, under our system, is that ally citizen may, to suit his momentary purposes, declare himself as belonging to one party or another. It is even pos sible for groups to organize to raid the primaries of a party with the object of making it ineffectual. This is particularly true in Wis consin and California. Neither of the major political parties in this country has a per manent political philosophy. It used to be that the Republican Party was anti-slavery, high tariff, sound money; tlie Democratic Party was for states’ rights, populism and a low tariff. Neither party has any such clear position today. The Republican Party contains such men as Wayne Morse ,and Joe McCarthy; the Democratic Party fcfffli' men aVWtlliam ‘Benton and Pat McCarran. Robert A. Taft is closer in philosophy to Harry Byrd than to Irving Ives; Mar garet Chase Smith is closer to Hu bert Humphrey than to Owen Brewster. The parties have become vehicles for election rather than for the propagation of deep con victions. General Eisenhower in 1948 had the opportunity to enroll in New York State as a Republican. He was then a civilian, president of Columbia University; he had a similar opportunity in 1949 and 1950. He did not enroll as a Re publican when the opportunity was his. There is, of course, no com pulsion to enroll or register in this manner, but those who wish to engage in political activity usually do. Miss Kay Sqmmersby, who was closely associated with General Eisenhower during the war in her book, “Eisenhower Was My Boss,” says: ” ... In his casual conversations during World War 11, General Eis enhower made it quite clear he re garded himself as a soldier, with no political ambitions whatsoever— not even political inclinations or interest. He was painfully definite in his opinion of politics in gen eral. . . . “• ■ . His disinclination to ac cept either the Republican or the Democratic offers (in 1948) came as no surprise to me or anyone eke who heard the statements he made during the war. For us, the lac ;-at he said he had no politi c..’ ambit. , ii- desires ended the whole debate.” Another witness to General Eis enhower’s point of view on politi cal matters is Robert Sherwood, who reports Harry Hopkins as raying: ' “. . . Amongst other things, Eis enhower told me that he and his family had always been Republicans and had voted against Roosevelt every time up until 1944; but that he did vote for Roosevelt this last time. "He discussed his future at great length, repeatedly emphasizing that he did not want to go into poli tics. This seemed to be apropos of nothing in particular that I Bad said. He told me, however, that a good many people passing through raised the question of his running for President— obviously on the Re publican ticket,” I suppose many Republicans voted for Roosevelt, for a fourth term, in 1944. Otherwise, he weald not have been elected. It would be interesting to know if actually Eisenhower ever voted for a Re publican. Sherwood furtHer reports that Eisenhower “felt that since an offi cer must serve his government with lull loyalty and devotion regard less of its political coloration, he should avoid all considerations of political partisanship. ...” v cju IMI. farmers m- THE DAILY RECORD. DUNN. N. CL MISTER BREGER > “My ancestors survived Bunker Hill an’ Valley Forge i - an’ Gettysburg—so here goes!” A CIU WSHMION ySif MERRY-fiO- ROUND V >y OKIW fEAKSON WASHINGTON. Today that part of the American people which pays income taxes in quarterly in stallments, will file final tax esti mates for 1951—plus payments. Most people gripe at filing taxes, and this time their gripe will be legitimate. Never before has out tax collecting system become so steeped in fraud and favoritism. If it continues, the United States could follow the road of France, Germany and Italy where unfair taxes and crooked collections have given those countries a boost on the road toward Communism. .To put a road-block on that road in this country, this column ist herewith suggests five means cf preventing fraud in the future. If you are against unfair tax col lections. it might pay to clip this column and attach it to the re turn you send the Treasury today —or to your Congressman who will have to vote these reforms into operation. Here arc the proposals: REFORM MUST BEGIN AT THE TOP—When the White House phenes the Justice Department Tax Division regarding a further hear ing fpr a Missouri tax case after Haxw Schw imnm. attorney for. the Presld.ent’s close Kansas City friend Tom Evans of Crown Drug Stores has been hired in the case, naturally Justice Department law yers take the cue. It sets a general pattern down below. So also does the behavior of White House cro nies on other matters. Roosevelt gave the cue on in fluence-peddling and tax-fixing at the start of his administration when he forced Democratic Na tional Committeemen Arthur Mil len of Nebraska,. Bruce Kramer of Montana and Bob Jackson of New Hampshire off the Democratic Cor-mittee because they peddled infl ence. Truman, near the end of his administration, still hasn’t set a clear-cut cue as yet. THE “ENTERTAINMENT" RACKET PUBLICITY—The easiest, quick est way to cure tax favoritism is by publishing tax returns. Partial publicity was practiced during the first years of the Roosevelt admin istration, and today full tax re turns are published in some states, notably Wisconsin. But Congress, which is more re sponsible for tax favoritism than its sanctimonious members will ever admit, overrode FDR and put the quietus on any publicity re garding incomes. So solicitor.- were Congressmen for the big taxpayer that they made it a criminal of fense to leak or publish any in come tax data. This has played into the hands of a lot of people, especially the Influence peddlers and those who deduct the expense of private yachs, private airplanes and ex- CUTIES *' "■ -»'• j ; ‘That will be another quarto—to keep coming j 5 pensive parties at the Stork Clut l or the Mayflower. This was how Larry Knohl, the ‘ tax-fixer, was able to take Wash ington officials on his private • plane. It was also why the World 3 Series games have become one ol ’ the biggest tax deductions rackets 3 in New York. The U. S. Treasury • not the public, paid for most ol 3 the box seats at the World Series - thanks to the present system ol deducting lush entertainment ex penses from taxes. 1 While some entertainment ex penses are justifiable, it should be remembered that the stenographer ' or salesgirl can’t deduct the cost 1 of taking the boss to the ball game or to dinner at the Stork Club on the ground that she’s helping to 1 keep her job. Her taxes are taken ’ out of her salary with her pay check each week, and she gets no allowance whatever for entertain ment. OVERWORKED OFFICIALS MORE PERSONNEL Though the number dl taxpayers has jumped from 7,288,000 to 80.270,000 since the Democrats came in in 1933. the number of lawyers in the Justice Department’s Tax Di vision has not increased propor tionately, while the number of tax agents and employees in the Treasury has fallen far below the proportionate increase in tax re turns. Thus, while the number of tax payers has increased by ten times in 20 years, the number of Reve nue Bureau employees has in creased by only five times—from 11,524 in 1933 to about 55,000 to day. Meanwhile the Justice Depart ment’s tax lawyers actually were decreased by Congressional econ omy from 90 in 1946 to 87 in 1951 despite the fad; that the Tax Divi sion handled 1,606 cases in 1946 and 3,100 cases in 1951. The Tax Division was formerly under the ousted Lamar Caudle; and though influence was some times responsible for stymied cases, more often it . was just plain overwork. REGISTER INFLUENCE PED DLERS—The public has the idea that all lobbyists in Washington are required to register. This is wrong. Lobbyists hired to influ ence Congress are required by law to register. But the law does ot apply to really big-time lobby ists who pull wires before govern ment bureaus—such as the Treas ury and Justice Department to fix tax cases. Congress, however, could change this overnight by including them in the Lobby Registration Law. What Congress should do also is include themselves in this law. For the biggest tax influence is some times wielded by Congressmen on Continued On Page Three) Walter Winchell In New York Gangs, Graft and Governors Any gang of public plunderers operating over a period. of time is storing up a tremendous political fortune. Not for themselves but for the men who eventually send them to jail. . . . Crime doesn't pay—for the criminal—but it cer tainly pays off for the public serv ants who bring them to bay. . . . History proves that when thieves fall out,- not only do all honest men get their due, but a few get a great deal of publicity, which skyrockets them to fame and for tune. For instance, early in 1871, three scoundrels had a quarrel in N.Y.C. They were ex-Sheriff O’Brien, Controller Connolly and Boss Tweed. . . . O’Brien’s revenge con sisted of over Connolly’s records to the N. Y, Times. Tweed' promptly offered George Jones, the editor, 5 million dollars not to pub lish UJem.. The Times ran the headline, of course, and simultan b eously the decline of Tweed and the spectacular rise of two other ie men started. i- j One was a young cartoonist nam , ed Thomas Nast, who created the Tammany Tiger with his pen. . . . Tweed offered Nast a half million .j dollars to stop drawing, but Nast s was rftready out of hearing—half |f ‘ way up the ladder of success to his final destination, the pinnacle of journalistic immortality. . . . The man who pinned the prison stripes • on Tweed’s dirty shirt was Samuel* e J. Tilden of Gramercy Park. As a J result of his attacks on the Tweed * Ring, New York elected him gov e ernor in 1874 and the people elect n ed him President in 1876—but he 0 was robbed of the latter. ... In 13 any event, the fallen body of Tweed • was the stepping stone for Tilden’s 0 career. About the turn of the Century, the very best names in New York 1 were engaged in a very bitter fight ® control of one of its very best “ assets—a large insurance company. 1 The quarreling behind the closed 1 Wall Street doors became loud enough to reach the sensitive ears ‘ of Joseph Pulitzer in Park Row. * The charges and counter-charges e between the battling financial mog e uls convinced Pulitzer that the for " gotten men were the policy holders —the little people who paid the - premiums. s Something more than a mere - Legislative Inquiry was needed. A 1 thorough, honest, mathematically ■ and legally trained examiner. . . . As an additional qualification, he ■ could not be connected with the 5 Society and Wall Street world, be- ■ cause the interests he was lo at -1 tack were the very citadel of both. ■ . . . The man was found. His care > fill, cold analysis resulted in the great insurance reforms. The in ’ quiry earned for him the title of ‘‘The Man with the Rockcrusher • Mind.” . . . The man was Charles Evans Hughes, and from the great 1 insurance investigation he went on to be Governor of New York, Chief ■ Justice of the United States, and, 1 very nearly, in the 1916 elections, 1 the Presidency itself. ; About the middle of the 1870’s, there occurred In Sacramento, Cali ■ fornia, one of the most dramatic incidents in the history of that great state. . . . Frank Rhodes, a big time gambler, controlled Sacra : mento and too much of the State government. The decent people 1 were more than fed up—and among 1 the decent people was a fine fight ing attorney, with two teenage 1 boys, named Grove L. Johnson. One night Frank Rhodes called a meeting of the big-time politi cians and crooks at his gambling house—and they all showed up. In the midst of the meeting, in walk ed Grove L. Johnson and his two boys, all carrying guns. They cov ered the meeting with their pistols and then Johnson, at pistol point, told them off. He called them dirt beneath his feet, traducers of a great State, crooks and half men. He said they would be cleaned out by the decent people in the end because they would find their lead er. .. . Johnson was right. Righter than he knew. As the man and the two boys backed out of the thun derstruck room he did not know that one of the boys beskis him was to provide California with its great reform governor and 0. S. Senator. Also vary nearly Presi dent. His very own son, Hiram Johnson. On a hot July night in 1912, Herman Rosenthal was shot down In front of the Hotel Metropole In •N. Y. C. . . . A gambler and stool pigeon, he had long been a thorn in the side of crooked Police Lt Charles Becker. The grafting ring was frightened at Rosenthal’s dis closures, and on that fateful night it« criminal agent* “Whitey Law siSS&'dS route. .... But, unwittingly, by also rent TUESDAY AFTERNOON, JANUARY 15, 1962 The Worry Chic HjHI . By DR. GBOBUM W. CRANE . Harold has hidden away for two years and dreams of the wealth, plus fame, which win accrue to him. But he hasn't faced the facts. It grieved me to disillusion him, but I had to pre pare him for the shock. You aspiring writers should paste this Case Record in your scrap book. CASE C-344: Harold F., aged 29, is a college professor ot English. ’ Dr. Crane, I’ve taken two years off to write a book,” he said, as we were having dinner together. “It is now almost ready for pub lication, and I’d like to have you look it over to see how well it may strike the public fancy. “I’ve let several publishers look it over, and some haVe reacted vefy favorably. “But they think I ought to make it more of a classroom text in grammar whereas I want it to reach the general public and busi , ness men.” BE PRACTICAL Harold apparently has dreamed and labored tor two years to get this “brain child” ready for its swaddling clothes. Like many typical authors, he seems to have lived in the clouds regarding the popularity he thinks will attach to his book and also the financial returns he will ob tain. So I tactfully tried to prepare him for the shock that I am sure is inevitable. In the first place, his contract with a publishing firm will grant him 10 per cent royalty. But this is on the price at which the publisher * sells the book to a jobber or retail store. The discounts to the latter are from 40't to 50';. If Harolds book is to retail at $3.00, for example, it will probably sell to jobbers at $1.50. On his 10% royalty arrange ment, therefore, Harold w ill net 15c per volume. A DREAMER’S NIGHTMARE If a book sells its original print ing, which is normally 1,000 to 5,000 copies, Harold will then re ceive from $l5O to $750. Many good books, however, don’t strike the fancy of the buying public, so Harold may find him self the author of an unpopular ’ I" I 1 *' 1 <£-ji 7iuk" By America's Foremost Personal Affairs Counselor GIRL, 16, MARRIES BOY SHE KNEW ONLY ONE WEEK; NOW SHE IS BACK WITH FAMILY TO ■SCAPE BIS BRUTALITY. DEAR MARY HAWORTH: I have a serious problem and I need help. I am 15, and two months ago I was married to Tom, a boy whom I had known for only a week. Mother didn't want us to marry, but she didn't actively object; and my brothers and sisters shared her views, but they were good to me. They even gave us a party, and everyone was crazy about Tom. Two days later, we left for the Western plains, where Tom’s fam ily lives. I fell in love with his parents and brothers and sisters, and they felt the same towards me. But after we were ttiere a week, Tom'* bejiavior be came hateful and would me of made-up charges: also he start ed beating me. This continued.for three weeks, and then I wrote my mother—while he was working. Otherwise, he wouldn’t let me write to her. My brothers got hold of my let ter, and without consulting mother they came after me. We didn’t let Tom know I was leaving him, lest he kill me, because he had said he would kill me If I ever left him. So we told him that mother was sick and needed me. Now I have been home for a month and Tom knows I have left him and he feels hurt. He wants me to come back to him: but it would be the same as before, f know. I am afraid he is going to get mad and come down here and try to hurt me; so what should I do? Should I stand pat and get a di-. vorce? My whole future is at stake, and I realize I don’t love him any more. In fact, I don’t thinv i loved £im when we married. I was just fascinated by his smooth line. I am so worried; please advise me. k. a AN INTERLOCKING CHANGE OF HEART? DEAR K. a; You realize now that you never loved Tom. Add this fact to your adolescent age and hasty marriage and It suggests that elected governor of N. Y. following his conviction of the murderers. In 1905, the State of Idaho was tarn by industrial strife. It 7 typing and printing costs when: you send for one of his psycho- i logical charts.) . £ I you. probably felt heartsick for ’ home almost immediately after i moving in with Tom’s family—far removed from old friends and de ! voted kin. i Possibly Tom sensed your regret ■ right away, or noted a baffling . change in you—from winsome ar dor to wan indifference in rela tion to him. Something of the kind may account for the sudden ugly shift in his mood—his jealous sus picions, false charges, surly physi- R) cal abuse, etc. Perhaps he felt rejected, thwart ed, acutely dismayed—and humil • iated before his family. Possibly he’s always rated himself “low man on the totem pole” at home, and hoped to build up his ego by im pressing the folks with his mar riage to-a knockout girl, who wes crazy about him, supposedly. So maybe he told himself that you’d roped him in and let him down, and on that theory he struck at fff you, emotionally and physically, like a hurt child in a blind rage unable to explain himself., LEGAL ACTION SEEMS ADVISABLE Perhaps also he was in conflict about the marriage, half-wishing he hadn’t.leaped into it, unconsci ously straining against the bond, taking compulsive action to break It up—even while holding on to B you with threats, as a device to save his pride. The situation does sound bad; but if the right solu tion Is tactfully sought. Tom may cooperate In divorce, with a sense of relief in having freedom re stored to him. In the town through which your letter comes to me, there is a mental .hygiene clinic connecte4 wlfh the memorial hospital, where individual problems are confiden tially discussed on Tuesday and A Thursday afternoons. Here you might find the firsthand help you need. As a’ personal defense measure, for emergency use If necessary, you might have Toss put under Is arranged by going to the, chief of police with your story, as a basis for serving legal notice on Tom that he Is not to waylay, molest,/ approach or try to communicate A with you. If he violates that order, he is subject to prompt arrest as a lawbreaker. It gives you the right to call police if he appears—and without that safeguard, he can in.