Vnl. HL
SANFORD, NORTH CAROLINA, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER L1888,
THE NOBLE OLD ROMAN.
A PLAIN COMMON SENSE TALK.
from Thurman’* Speech at Telede.
^ow the few remarks that I shall
make to you will be confined to a
single topic—not that there is but
one thing that'might attract your
attention in this campaign or that
might not be well spoken of, but
there is one transcendant theme,
about which so much is said, so
much is written, so much is printed,
that people are eager to learn exact
ly what is the truth.
I refer to the tariff question, as it is
commonly called. Now I presume
there is no man in this vast audience
who does not know what is meant
by the word “tariff," or - the term
“tariff law.” And yet it can do us no
harm, and may lead to precision of
speech and comprehension of what
1 have to say, if I begin by a defi
nition of what is the tariff.
Tariff, my friends is nothing else
in this world than a tax levied By
the General Government upon im
portations brought into the United
States for sale, the effect of which is
' to raise the price of every commodi-!
ty thus imported, and also the price
of all domestic commodities of the
same nature made within the" United
States. ' |
This lax is paid by the consumer
of the article. When your State
tax is levied.it is levied on property;
it is paid by property. A man of
much property pays much more
than a man of little property; and
a man of no property pays none at
", all.
But llie tariff is a tax that is paid
by the consumer of so-called protect
ed articles. He pays it, not to the
tax-gatherer, not to any officer of
the government, hut he pays it in
the price he gives for every protected
article that he buys. Let me sup
pose, for instance, by way of illus
tration, that an importer purchases
in England a thusaud dollars worth.
No, I won't take so much as that.
I will say enough cloth to make a
suit of clothes for a man.
He pays for it, then, say $10. He
brings it to the United States. Be
fore he can even get it out of the
custom house at the place where he
lands, he must pay on that a lax
culled a tariff, and the probability is,
among the enormous rates in the
schedule on woolen goods, that he
will pay a tax of not less than 60
cents on the dollar. That is, that
he will pay six dollars tax on ten
dollars' worth of cloth that
he has bought. Then it cost $10—
that cloth has.
Now if any man who imports that
cloth sells it to a wholesale mer
chant he must, of course, put the
tax that he pays on to it in price,
otherwise he would lose money by
the operation,>ud su when the im
porter sells to the wholesale mer
•cliant he charges him $1G for that
cloth which cost him originally
hut $10. Nay more, he charges
him $10 and his mercantile profit
on the $0 tax os well as the $10, the
original cost of the goods. The
wholesale merchant sells it to the
retail merchant, and the retail mer
chant sells it to his customers.
Of course this price with each
merchant's profit continues ill the
goods when they are sold to the con
sumer. Bo that by the time <Jne of
you buys that cloth you will find
you have to pay for it from $10 to
$20, perhaps, not less than $20 for
that which originally cost $10. So
here lias Keen a tax imposed on the
consumer which amounts ill effect
to nearly or quite as inuch as the
origninai cost of the goods.
Now, my friends, this is so true
that there is scarcely a thing that
you wear the price of which is not
increased by this tariff tax. There
are men audacious enough to say
men who are advocating high pro
tective duties of tariff there art
men audacious, enough to say tliai
a high protective trail! is for tin
benefit of the laboring man.
I Why, in the name of all that ii
■common sense and reason, how cai
a laboring man be hided by a tax
that begins with the crown af his
head and extends to the shoes of his
feet, and taxes everything that is
between them, [applauseand laugh
ter;] that taxes him on his hat, tax
es him on his shirt, taxes his coat,
taxes him on his vest, taxes him on
his pants, taxes him on his under
clothing, taxes him on his stockings,
and taxes him on his shoes, and even
to the little necktie that is around
his neck, it levies a tax upon it.
How in the name of heaven can it
be that a loboring man is benefitted
by such a tax ?
No, my friends, of all humbugs by
which men ever were attempted to
be deceived, this humbug of the la
boring man being benefitted by a
high protective tariff is the greatest
ever I heard of.
Ah, but, says some one, it enables
the manufacturers in this countrv to
pay higher wagOs to their hired men
and therefore is a benefit to them ?
My friends, did yog ever know any
manufacturer that paid higher wages
to. his hands on account of increase
of tariff? If yon did you have met
with something I have never seen.
There is a man named liaruum in
this country, a great showman, a
man who has gathered together in
his show more curious idlings than
perhaps can he found in any other
single place on the face of the earth,
but among all Iris curiosities he hits
never found such a curiosity as a
manufacturer who paid higher wa
ges to'his hands because of the raise
in the tariff. [Laughter and ap
plause.]
iNaj', that is not so at all. l ao
not want to speak harshly of manu
faetorers, but they are human, be
ings. But I must pass on.
Another one of the deceptions of
the tariff orators, or high protection
theorists, is to say that the consu
mer does not pay the tax. I have
shown you how he did pay it in the
price that he gives for the articles,
but I want to ask any man who tells
me or tells you that the consumer
don’t pay it, in God’s name, who
does, who does pay it?
How conics it that the goods that
cost but $10 before there was any
tax upon them, after that sells for
$10 and the tax added, and mer
chants’ profit upon that, if that is
not ultimately paid by the consum
er? But my friends, that is not all.
A man who stands fair in your com
munity and has uface .that would
license him as a preacher of the Gos
pet just upon his looks, such a man
will get up before his fellow citizens
and tell them that high tariff lessens
instead of increases the price of com
modities.
Why, my frieuds, it that is the
case, if a high tariff reduces prices,
please tell me why is it that all man
ufacturers arc iu favor of a high tar
iff? Do they want to reduce the
price of their own goods? Do they
want to make less money? Why do
they work so hard to increase the
tariff, if to increuse it would reduce
the price of goods ?
That is another one of the absurd
ities of those men who are going
around trying to persuade the peo
ple of this country that a high tar
iff is for the benefit of the people.
Now, my friends, there is another
thing thnt these people say. They
come before you and they draw a
glowing picture of the wealth and
prosperity of our country. That is
all very well, indeed, although it
would be a little fairer if they would
give the other side of the picture,
aiuLsliow how the agricultural inter
ests and value of agricultural prop
erty has so wonderfully decreased
since they had this high tariff ill
operation, . - .
But let that pass. I want you to
ask any of them who talks to yon
about the country being made rich
by a high protective tariff by wlmt
kind of hocus pocus is it, by what
kind of operation unknown to science
unknown to reason, unknown to cx
perieuee, that a country can he made
rich by this Government taxing its
people, far beyond any necessity ilia)
Government has for taxation.
NOTES OF TRAVEL
SOME INTERESTING SIGHTS.
More About Cambridge and Its Col
leges—How the Students Live.
(T. n. Trichord 1b Wlliutnglon star.)
These are numerous, extensive,
handsome and costly. The college
buildings are of stone, three and four
stories high, quadrangular in shape
the courts within containing beauti
ful grass plots. These blocks are
called courts. St.John's has four
such courts and Trinity five. Here
are the rooms of the students,dining
and combination halls, chapels, &c.
The beauty and magnificence of
some of these structures may be im
agined when we estimate their cost.
The chapel of St. John’s college cost
$205,000; that of Jesus’ college per
haps as much, while the chapel of
college, begun by Henry VI.
in 1440, and finished by Henry VIII
and Cardial Wolsey in 1575, proba
bly cost three time as much. Its
extreme length is 310 feet, and it is
pronounced by a competent author
ity “one of the finest and most inter
esting . buildings in Christendom.’'
Some of the libraries and halls are
line specimens of architect ure. The
strange name of coinbinutioii room is
given to a large hall in which the
Dons, as the students call them, that
is the Masters and Fellows smoke,
drink wine and socialize together af
ter dinner.
There is a University Library, con
sisting of 400,000 volumes. To this ;
library, as well as to that of the Brit
ish Museum in London, a copy' of
every book published ;ir~Eng!and is
sent. Each college lias a library of
its own; some of them running up as
high as 20,000 volumes—in addition
to these, there is a library of 0,000
volumes in the splendid Fitzwilliam
Museum, an institution named after
its founder,who gave $500,000 for its
establishment. A library also in the
Union, which is a superb Club House,
and altogether there are over, 1,000,
000 of volumes accessable to the pro
fessors and students. In mention
ing the public buildings I must not
forget the Pitt Press of the Univer
sity Printing Olliee, and the Senate
House,-wtrieli-eost $100,000.
STYLE OF,LIVING OF THE STUDENTS.
Instead of two students occupying
a room, as in America, each man has
three rooms to himself—a room to
sleep in, another larger and hand
somely furnished to study and eat
in as well as to entertain company
in, and a third smaller one calt&Hrhe
‘‘Hyp room," which contains crocke
ry enough for a small family, some
cooking utensils, his wine box and
coal box, etc. His dinner he takes
in the hall at 5:30 p. m. or at. 7:15
p. in. and pays two.sliillings (50els)
lor it, while his breakfast and lunch
and tea, if he wishes it, are taken in
his room. His servant is called his
“Gyp,” or “Vulture.” The Gyp and
his wife attend to his rooms, get his
meals for him, etc., for which they
receive good pay. The University
lias a coat of arms, nnd so lias each
college, and the students • of each
college wear a different gown, though
all wear the same kind of fan crown
ed caps. The graduate is distinguish
ed from the under-graduate by wear
ing ribbons on his gown. When
they go to Chapel they wear a white
gown called a surplice, 1 believe.
Each student is required to attend
prayers five times each week, though
prayers are read fourteen times n
week. No names are called in the
Chapel, but an officer stands at the
door and sticks a pin at the name of
every student as he enters, though
they don’t call them students there,
but "men,” and they are not said
to study, but to “read.”
1TOW DKOltEKS AUK CONFERRED.
The third Tuesday in June ^De
gree Pay. At10 a. m. all the men
who get a first-class in their tripo#,
or exnminaton papers, receive the
H. A. degree, and in the afternoon
the same degree is conferred upon
those who get a second and third
class.* The manner in whieh the
degree is conferred seems very
strange to us, The candidate is re
quired to wear, in addition to his
gown, a hood made of silk and trim
med with white rabbit skin. Tlte
studertts of King’s College come first,
then Trinity, then St. John’s, etc.
The Vico Chancellor sits pi his scar
let robes, when live canditiites taken
hold of the five fingers of the college
protector, and by him are led up to
the Vice Chancellor, He tells them
in Latin that they have been ee«h
ted worthy to receive the B. A. de
gree. They then kneel before him,
and he takes the hands of each be
tween his extended palms, and in
the name of the Trinity confers on
them the degree. While all this is
going on the students in the galle
ries are uproarous. They say all
manner of funny things,throw pen
nies on the floor of the Chapel,' and
cut up all sorts of didos. The man
who graduates with the “court hon
or” gets the wooden spoon.” This
spoon is fiyefeet long, is ornamented
with the college arms of the student
who gets it, and also with ribbons,
and is let down by cords from the
gallery by the students. The proc
tors rush at it and try to catch it,
but it is drawn up again and again
out of their reach, till at last the
the right man gets it, as w;ix under
stood would be tlie case from the
first.
The students make no speeches on
this occasion, nor, indeed, on any
other occasion at a college exercise,
nor are distinguished men from a
distance iuvited to address them, as
with us.
Negro Sulfarge.
. (From New York Dvenlng Post.)
Some time since the Evening Post
showed how completely Mr. Thur
man’s position regarding the Civil
Rights Act, when that measure was
before the Senate, was sustained by
the decision of the Republican Su
preme Court annulling the act on
the gerund of its unconstitutionali
ty. The Republican organs
have reviewed an old speech of his
on the subject of negro suffrage,
when that question was before the
country twenty years ago, which is
remarkably versified by tha recent
professions of leading Southern Re
publicans, like Poker Jack” McClure
Chief Justice of the Arkansas Su
preme Court in reconstruction days,
and Judge D. L. Russell, the nomi
nee for Associate J ustice of the re
cent Republican State Convention
in North Carolina. It is interesting
to place side by side the prediction
of the Ohio Democrat In 1808 and
the confession of the North Caroli
na Republican in 1888:
M1I.TUUKMAN 1N’68 I JUDOE uUSSELL I08S
For more than
4,000 years the
history of this
world has been
written,and in all
that time
there is not a re
corded annul of
a civilized negro
gover’ment ;there
isnot one instance
of political equal
ity between the
two races that has
not proved inju
rious to both; and
yet it is proposed
to confer upon an
inferior race the
dominion ove
one third of tie
Republic, and to
make it a bulano
While as a rule
the South does not
treat its colored
people with the
same liberality and
justice which they
receive in the
North there is yet
defence for the
deep and dire de
termination of the
Southern white
man to never sub
mit to negro rule.
The negroes of the
South ure largely
savages. We with
Northern aid and
sanction, kidnap
ped them,enslaved
them, and by most
monstrous wrong
degraded them so
of power that nine
that they are no
times out of ten
would, for that
reason, control
the whole coun
try. There can
be but one end to
this scheme, if it
lie much longei
prosecuted. It is
impossible that
the race to which
we belong can
submit to negn
domination; it is
impossible that
so inferior a race
as the negro can
compete with the
white man in the
h us i nos,
less
|“f
[try.
the
the
much
polities
conn
- i
more lit to govern
than are their
brethren in Afrri
ean swamps or so
many Mongol ions
dumped down
from pagan Asia.
In South Carolina
uni most of the
•ot ton States there
vas negro rule
which was as much
i parody upon civ
ilized institut o i8
as is the present
Hourbou domina
tion in South Car
olina a travesty
upon free govern
ment.
j Tim MILLS BILL.
|THE WAY THE PEOPLE ARETAXEO.
it.
i '—■—•
| What the Bill Proposes to do to Re
! duce'Taxatibn; • '■■■ '•■•-> fj
: On 2d April, 1888, Mr. Mills of
j Texas (a Ttemocrat), Chairman of
I the Committee on Ways and Means,
! reported a new tariff hill, entitled ai
| bill to reduce tariff taxation and re
i peal certain parts of the internal
revenue laws, and modify others. It
| is now known as the Mills bill.
I The Radicals fought it from that
|time till 2Jst July, nearfour months,
when it passed the House by a vote
of 102 140, only three ^Radicals and !
one Independent with Radical lean
ings (Nelson, of Minnesota) voting
for it. Among the Radicals voting
against the bill was Mr. Nichols,
of North Carolina, and among those
voting for it was Brower, of
North Carolina, hurthis patriotic
act on the part of Mr. Brower he has
been repudiated by his party in his |
!district and his name taken down
! from the mast-head of the Radical
1 paper therejtvhich had hitherto put
himforwardas asaintof the first
water.
1 he following tabulated statement
will show the operation of the Mills
hill, if it shall pass the Radical Sen
ate, upon certain articles of daily use
in every family and on every planta
tion. The first column contains the
value of the article, the second the
duty on the article, under the tariff
as it now is, and the third the gain i
that will accrue if the Mills hill
shall become a law:
Val.Pr.ct. Duty. Gain.
One cook-stove.83501 47.. 810 4a
By .Mills bill.31 ^ 10 85
85 CO
One set crockery. 12 00.55^, 6 Do
By Mills hill..
.35= 4 20
One set cheap
glassware
4 do.
-By Mills bill.
2 40
.50 ^2 24
.41= 1 01
One set cheap
cutlery
200.
00
By Mills bill.35__
.50^. 1 00
70
Two carpets,
812 and815.... 27 00 47==2100
By Mills bill.30„ 8 00
30
Sugar.20 00 00^. 1200
By Mills bill.50= 10 00
4 00
Molasses .10 00 47= 4 70
By Mills bill—.35_ 3 50
— 2 00
Salt. 00 40= 1 20
By Mills lull.Free-list.
-1 20
Two suits each for father
and two sons, six suits,
814..8400 54= 45 36
By Mills bill.45^ 37 80
1 20
Two suits eacli for mother
.and two daughters, six
suits, 814... .84 00 82^08 88
By Mills bill.401= 33 00
7 50
Twelve pairs shoes, 82.50
each.30 00 30= 9 00
By Mills bill.15^_ 4 50
35 28
-4 50
Six wool hats,
81 each
0 00.73.-4 38
By Mills bill.4<U 2 40
Six fut hats,
82.50 each
15 00.52_ 7 80
By Mills bill.40 -fi 20
- - - 1 . fiO
Six ladie's hats,
83 each
1800.70_=1260
By Mills bill.40= 7 20
| 5 40
Six bonnets for ladies, S3
each.18 00 70 1200
By Mills bill.40 7 20 ‘
-- 5 40
Farming tools, including
| plows, gear, band-saw,
ax, djaw-knifc, chains,
etc.00 00 47-2S 20
lly Mills bill.:. .34 13 GO
! 14 60
I Medicines. 2000*48 0 80
By Mills bill.30 0 00
I -r 3 80
' Thread, neeilles, thimbles,
scissors, etc■ 12 00 35 4 20
By Mills bill.20 2 40
Four pairs blankets,
83 each
12 00.70 8 40
By Mills hill.40 4 80
- 3 60
Two umberellas,
62.50 each
5 00:.40 2 00
By Mills hill.30 1 50
Colton hosiery, under
shirts, etc_8 0045 3 60
By Mills bill.30 2 40
Window gltss_2 00 60 1 20
By ^4 ilia bill.43 86
Starch.4 (XI 94 3 70
By Mills bill.47 1 88
Rice.10 001131130
By Mills bill.10O1OOO
Total costiumier pres
ent tarill.. 50100 189 27
60
1 20
34
82
30
Under Mills bill
♦Average.
.104 9*
- 84 29
From the foregoing calculated it
will be seen that the entire amount
of goods purcha eil at the prices
hiiftiedamounts to-$501, that the
present duty on these articles
amounts to $180,527, and the duty
as proposed by the Mills Bill would
amount to $04.99, which deducted
from the rate of duty under the pres
ent law would be a net gain of $84.
29.
A farmer or any other laboring
man has but to read the above state
ment to show him in the most con
vincing manner how himself and
family are being robbed from year
to year by our protective-tariff sys
tem.
At this rate, as will ba seeu, there
is a saving under the Mills bill of
$84.29 a year, which in five years at
the same rate would amount to $421.
45, which would go a great ways
with a poor family towards buying
a piece of ground or building a
home.
The Third Party Secretary.
(From Greensboro Patriot.)
In the Leaksville Gazette of the
9th of August appears an article
headed “A Reminiscence," from
which we make the following ex
tracts, omitting only that portion of
the article, the elision of which is
marked by the asterisks, which is
not essential to the thread of the
narrative:
“The people of Leaksville will
remember that several years ago it
was announced that there would
be a lecture on temperance del ivered
in the town on a certain night, and
the public were invited to attend.
Well, the evening came proceeding
the appointed night, and just before
sunset a buggy containing astiange
man and woman rolled into our vil
lage.
il is jjussiuil* uiut a score or our
best families, anticipating the rare
honor of entetertainiug distinguish
ed guests had daintily spread their
hospitable boards and covered them
with a profusion of viands as rich
and as tempting as ever ticketed hu
man palate or appeased the cravings
of the innerman.
Where would the distinguished
pair now design to stop? Would it
be with Squire the parson, the Col
onel, or with our far-famed dignita
ry, the Professor of Lost arts, for
gotten sciences and antediluvian
antiquity? Leaksville held its breath
for answer; but with the coolness of
one fully acquainted with his sur
roundings, the lectuVer turned his
vehicle to the left!
That he had made a mistake was
the universal opinion, because the
way in which he was proceeding
would soon lead him to an entirely
colored settlement. But no one had
the temerity to approach the august
presence and venture a suggestion,
naturally supposing that the mis
take would soon impress itself. Up
the street, past the tobacco factory
and the ancient hotel building, the
gallant steed stepped in stately pride,
then shrough a vacant sruiare, until,
without question or direction, and
as if by instinct, the driver drew
reign at the gate of Boh Cutter!
There, there, to the disappointment
and chagrin of the expectant por
tion of our community, lie found
congenial company.
vvc luanc 1IV» mitTUUIl ll|)UU
the memory of the lamented Cutter.
Peace to his ashes.H e was a colored
man, respected by his race, and no
doubt as good as any white man or
woman who would from choice
claim a night’s lodging between his i
roof. But his guest was that same
Secretary Steele, a prominent leader
of the Third party movement in this
State. The upshot of it was that 1
the said Steele did not have a white 1
audience to hear his address that ,
night.
Now, we have no complaint to
make of Mr. Steele’s selection of the 1
hospitable board of Hob Cutter. If
the negro's society and the negro’s
food and lodging were congenial to
his tastes, we are not to say where I
ho shall eat or what he shall eat— <
althongh he has come down from ;
North to prescribe to us what we i
shall drink. Hut the Third Party
in this section of North Carolina is
composed of many good men, but '•
that s a matter of opinion. We
know that they are lovers of their |
country and their State, patriots ■
and good li'izens; we believe that
they will say—that they must sav—
to Mr. Steele: “If these be the idols i
to which you are joined, go your .
way; we can afliliate witli no such
man; we can permit no such man to
lead us in polities or nothing else.” 1
OUTRAGE IN MITCHELL.
The Republican* Make an Assault
Upon the Gtacs and Stripes.
• . <Aat**auo uuwn.) . • ' .
Thie Knoxville Trihund says: ; 1
,Tl*e,fc4lowirfg letter, waawritten.;
t>y a Knoxville drummer, who is
iravellingm North Carolina to a
member of tlie firm in this city:
Hakersviiab, N, C., Aug. 10, 1888. ;
Dkab Sir:,—I drove in here y ester-*
lay evening between four arid five
/clock, and the Democrats were
hoisting the American flag 'with a
banner attached, bearing the inscrip
tion, “Grover, Cleveland for Presi
lent” and “Fowle for Governor."
While they were at work the Re
publicans were muttering among
themselves like distant thunder be
fore a storm, but did not try to pre
vent the hoisting of the flag. I met
with Mr. J. E. Burleson, about this
time and had just finished selling
him the enclosed» order, when
the Republican crowd was
increased by a party of a few
men on horse-back, who, when they
jaw Cleveland’s name alongside the
jtars and stripes, became madly en
raged, and swore they would cut that
flag down or die in . their tracks, and
then commenced such a scene of ri
ot, blasphemy and confusion as beg
gars description. Some were hunt
ing axes, and one man more enthusi
astic (or more drunk) than the rest
attempted to climb the flagpole, but
could not quite make it. In the
meantime the Democrats who had
hoisted the flag were perfectly cool
and quiet, and each one wore a de
termined look that boded ill to the
one, that struck the first blow with
an axe, but the Republicans did not
find an axe. About this time I heard
a pistol shot, and then I moved my
self to the hotel and watched the
fray from a safe distance.
lhe llopublicansv through fear or
mine other cause, did not take down
out shortly after nightfall they rid
lied the “Stars and Stripes,” the
‘Great American Flag,” with pistol
bullets. There must have been at
least 100 shots fired, but fortunately
so one was hurt. In their mad rage
they were more uncontrollable than
beasts, but in justice to some of the
parties I must saythat a few sober
Republicans tried to stop the occur
rence, but failed.
I understand this morning that
'hey say they will certainly take the
lag down tomorrow, and if they do
-here will be one funeral if not more
n this mountain town, for there are
>ome resolute Democrats who will
lot see it done.
Ifldonotsell anything here to
norrow I will think it is because of
;he excitement, and 1 may leave the
own a lit ole more lairriedly than I
would ordinarily. 1 X.
Later:—Since the above was re
vived we learn that a night or two
ifter the Republicans did cut down
lie pole and tear up and otherwise
nsult the flag. The feeling there is
■xceedingly bitter, and serious trou
>le is anticipated. We are informed
hat the Republicans go so far as to
leclarethat Democrats shall not vote
n Mitchell. When . they attempt
his they will have a lively time suro
mough. We also learn that Mr.
torison, a Republican, hut a gentle
nan, has publicly proclaimed since
his occurrence that he is done with
Southern Republicanism. Such con
flict as this will make all decent
vhite men in that country votedowij
uch a party.
Maj. Atkinson, chief engineer of
he C. F. & Y. V. is at the moun
ains looking for the best route to
xtend the C. F. & Y. V. westward,
ie intends, on Monday week, to put
lis corps of engineers on the route
o survey and locate the best line;
it the same time the Norfolk and
iVestern Railroad starts its corps in
ho field for the purpose of locating
ts line to meet the 0. F. & \. V.~
Phe two corps will meet, compare
Kites and locate the line.—Fayette*
'ille Journal.
There are sixty-fourcaso* of yellow
ever in Jacksonville. -