i: Vol. Ill, SANFORD, NORTH CABOLINA, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 30,1889. HON. JEFFERSON DAVIS. The QeJoaenartah Patriot and States man Write* a Brilliant and Valuable Letter to the Committee of the Fay etteville Centennial Celebration. Jiist*., Oofc, 30,1889, Messrs. Wharton'.T. ; Green, James ' C. McRae, C. W. Broadfoot, Neill ; tv. Ray, W. C, ^cDuffie, Com mittef)— ^ ; * GBifxjUBaiKirt—Your letter invi ting me to attend North Carolina’s 't- Centennial to be held at Ray etteville on the 21st of November next, was : duly received, bat this acknowledge . xnent has been delayed under the . hope that an improvement in my condition would enable me to be present as'invited: As the'time ap" ■ proaches I find that cherished hope unrealized and that ! must regret fully confess my inability to join you i»the commemorative celebration. “Ithas been my wish to meet'the . people of the * ’Old North State” on the occasion which naturally cause v. them with just pride to trace the historic river of their years to its source in the colony of Albemarle. All along that river stand monu ments of fidelity to the inalienable j: rights of the people, even when an \ infant; successfully resisting execu tive usurpation and in defence of the privileges guaranteed by charter :t* boldly defying kings, lords and commons, Always self-reliant, yet Mot vainly seir-asserting, sne provi ded for her own defence while giv ing material aid to her neighbors, ss she regarded aU the British colo , , ines of America. , Thus, she sent ffroops both armed and equipped for '-servico in. Virginia and South Gafo ■ linas also despatched a ship from tW 1 port of Wilmington, with food for the sufferers in Boston, after the T‘ closing Of that port by Great Brit sin. . , * . ■ ■ ■ i . HIS VENERATION FOE BRAVERY. fn her declaration t hat'the cause Of Boston was the cause of all there .r'.yras not oqly the assertion of a com munity of rights and a purpose to defend tliem, hut of self abnegation of the commercial advantages which !! ■would probably accrue from the - 'dosing of a rival port. Without diminution of regard for the -great Skid good men of other colonies, 1 hate been led to special veneration . for the men of North Carolina, as 0 the first to distinctly declare for y State independence and from the first to the last to uphold the right to govern themselves. I do not propose to discuss the vexed' ques tion of the Mecklenburg resolutions. , of May, 1885, which, from the simi 0' larity of expression to the great Dec oloration of Independence of July, , 1776, have created much conten ; tion, because the claim -of North ■. tion than the resolves of the meet ing at Mecklenburg, which deserve to be preserved as, tho outbursts of a brave,, liberty loving people on the receipt rtf the news of the com •bat at Concord between British Sol diers and citizensof Massachusetts. Carolina rests on a broader founds , The broader fouurtatioua referred . to are the records of events preee - ing and succeeding the meeting at Mecklenburg and the proceedings of the Provincial Congress which met at Hillsboro in August, 1775. Be .fore this Congress convened North Caroling in disregard of Opposition by the Governor, hud-sent delegates || to represent her in the General Con - gress to beheld at Philadelphia, and ' had denounced, the attack upon Boston apd had appointed commit • - - tees of aafety with such far reaching *%: functions os belong to revolutionary times only. The famous Stamp act •* of Parliament was openly resesisted hy hieu of the highest reputation? n -vessel bringing the Btaraps was siez* * ed and the commander bound not to ' permit them to t#> landed. 'These things wore done in open day by men who were not disguised and - shunned no question. _ , ’ Before the Con grow of the proV*" 4- iuce had assembled -the lust. royal Governor of North Carolina budded -- - jo escape fftfiM, the indignation efm #..i * ■ people who, burdened but not bent by oppression, had' resolved to live or die as free men. The Congress at Hillsboro went earnestly to work not nierely to declare independence, but to provide the means of main taining it. The Congress, feeling quite equal to the occasion, proceed ed to moke laws for raising and or ganizing troops, for supplying mon ey and to meet the contingency of a blockade of her seaports, and' of fered bounties to stimulate the pro duction of articles most useful in time of War. ■ On the 12th of April, 1770, the Continental Congress be ing t heir in session,’ and with much diversity of opinion as to tlie proper course to be pursued under this con dition of affairs, the North Carolina Congress resolved “That the dele gates for this colony in the Conti nental Congress- be empowered to concur with the delegates of .the other colonies in declaring indepen dence and formipgforeign alliances reserving to the Colony the sole and exclusive right in forming a consti tu tion and laws for the colony, * &e. FIRST TO DECLARE FOR FREEDOM. .. This,' I believe, was the first dis tinct declaration for the separation from Great Britain and State' inde pendence, and there is mucn besides priority 4o evokeadmiration. North Carolina had br many acts of resis tance to the British authorities pro voked their vengeance, yet she dar ed to lead to defiance; but no dan ger, however dread,In the event of her isolation -could make her accept co-operation save with the reserve tion of supremely iii regard to her own constitution and laws—the sa cred principle of “Community inde pendence” and government founded on the consent of the governed. After having done her whole du ty in the war for; independence and become a free sovereign and inde pendent State, she entered into the federation with these rights and powers recognized as unabridged. ' W hen experience proved the Arti- i cles of Confederation to’ lie inade quate to the needs of good govern ment Bbe agreed to a general con vention for their amendment. The convention did not limit.its labors to amend men t of the articles, bu t pro ceeded to form a new plan of 'gov ernment and adhering to the cardi nal principles that government must be derived from the'consent of the governed, submitted the new plan to the people of the * several States to be adopted or rejected*as each by and for itself should decide. it is to be remembered that the Articles ‘of Confederation for the “United States of America” declar ed tliut “the.Uuiou shall be perpetu al,” and that no alteration should be made in the said articles unless it should “be confirmed by the legis lature of every State.” True to her creed of State. sovereiguty North •Carolina recognized the power of such Stutes as chose to do to, to withdraw from the Union, and by ihes&ine token her own unqualified right to decide whether or not she wouiu suoscnoe 19 uie proposed compact for a more perfect Ulliqp, and in which it» to ha observed the declaration for perpetuity was omitted. Id the Laid school of ex perience she hod learned the danger to popular liberty from a govern ment which could claim to be the final judglof its own powers. She hud .fought*.a long ana .devastating war for State t independence, and. was not willing to put in jeopardy the priceless jewel she had gained. After a carlful examination it was concluded tnat the proposed constitu tion did not sufficiently guard against usurpation off powers not -expressly granted, amidijclincd to net upon the general Assurance that the Suffi ciency woulll soon bo supplied by the needful Lunendments. • In the ^meantime Sw*te after State, had se "cedodtothe now union until tho necessary uuimbor had been ob tained for the'cstnblisbmeut of the ‘‘constitution lietween ' the States ratifying the saW” With char acteristic seif reliance North Curoli- , na confronted the prospect of isola tion , and calmly resolved, if so it must be, to stand alone rather than isabject taictsai ]i£r.:most-priced1 possession—comuinnitj \ indepen dence. Confiding in the Scrutiny offered by the first ten amendments to the constitution, especially the ninth and tenth of the series, North Carolina voluntarily seceded to the new Union. The tenth amend ment recognized the functions of the Federal government to the exercise of the powers delegated to it by the 'States, all of which were expressly stipulated. Beyond that limit noth ing could be done, rightfully. If cov ertly done under color of law or by reckless usurpation of an extrane ous majority which, feeling power should disregard right, had the State no peaceful remedy? Could she as a State in confederation, the bed rock of which is the consent of its mem bers, be bound by a compact which others broke to her injiiry? Had her reserved rights no other, than a paper barrier to protect them against invasion? - . . Surely the heroic patriots and wise statesmen of North Carolina by their sacrifice, utterances and deeds have shown what their' an swer _ would have been to these questions if they had been asked on the.day when in convention of the United States. Her exceptional de lay in ratification marks her- vigi lant care for the right she had so earnestly maintained. Of her it may be said, as it was of Sir Walter Scott in his youth, that he was “al ways the first in a row and the last Ont Of it.” - in the peaceful repose which fol- ! lowed the revolution all her 'inter ests were progressive. Farms, school houses and towns rose over a sub dued. wilderness, and with a moth er’s joy she saw her sons distinguish ed in the public service by intelli gence, energy and perseverance and by the integrity without which all other gifts are' but as tinsel. North Carolina grew apace m all "which constitutes power until 1812 she was required as a Stdte'in the Union to resist agressions on the high seas in the violation of American mer chant vessels and the impressment -ot A merican seamenby the armed cruisers of Great Britain. These seamen generally belonged to the New England States. None proba ahly were North Carolinians. But her old spirit was vital still-1—the cause of one was the cause of all as she announced when Boston was under embargo. - * At every roll Call for the common defense she answered,, “Hers!” When blessed peace returned she stacked het arms, for which she had no prospective use. Her love for her neighbors had been tried and not found wanting in the - time of their need ? .. ’ __ ■ VALUE OF SELF SACRIFICE, -The envy, selfish jealousy and criminal hate of a Cain did- not come near her heart. If not to.suspect such vice in others be indiscreet credulity, it is a knightly virtue and part of un honest nature. In many years of military and civil service it has-been my good fortune to kaow the sons of North Carolina1 under circumstances of trial, and I could make a list of those deserving hon orable mention which would too far extend this letter already, I fear, te diously long. , ' ,,, Devotion to principle, self-reli ance und inflexible adherence to res olution when adopted, accompanied by conservative caution, were the characteristics displayed by North Carolina in both her colonial and State history. All these qualities were exemplified in her action on the day;pf the aniversary of which vou commemorate. ' If there be tuiy not probably to to be fotind with you, but probably elsewhere, who shallusk,“How then could Nortn \ Caroliua consist ently enact her ordinance of secession in 1801?” he is referred to the declaration of independence of 1770 to the articles of confederation of 1777 for a perpetual union of the States and the secession of the States from the Union so established; to the treaty of 1780, recognizing the independence of the States severally and distinctively; to the Constitu tion of the United States with the first ten amendments; to the time houored resolutions of 1789 and 17 99 that from these one and »W he may learn that the State, bay ing won her independence by heavy sacrifices, had never surrendered it or ha^ ever attempted to delegate the inalienable rights of the people. How valautly her sons boro themselves in the war between the States the lists of killed and wound ed testify. She gave them a sacrifi cial ottering on the altar of the lib erties their fathers had won and had left os au inheritance to their pos terity Many sleep far from the laud of their nativity. Peace to their ashes. Honor to'their memo ... i THE RACE QUESTION. A Striking View by a Representative Colored Southerner. f}*rreapondei%ee of thoJfet&York World. -While the situation at the South may not be altogether fftich as we Would wish, there is Nothing in it that could possibly justify the retali- • Story measures ad?isedby a gath ering-of eolored preachers at Wash ington, D. C., on October 20th There are always two sides to a ques tion, and until the colored race learns by hardy and sad experience where their true interests- lie there will ever be' unnecessary local troubles and disturbances in every Southern State between- the - two races, and no power under' the sun can by force prevent it. The situation down here needs no solution, for it is not a problem. There is nothing wrapped up in' mystery.___ , ._' It is unreasonable for the people of the North to expect that ofl the people of the j South which they themselves do not accord the negro I say it is unreasonable' for any people to expect the wealth, intelli gence and refinement of a communi ty to yield passive obedience and be come submissive to the domination of its ignorant and more illiterate clas-, and so long as there is a; per sistency in this direction, encourag ed by unprincipled politicians for sinister motives, so long' will there be serious conflicts between the two elements. I repeat again as my honest convictions that the negro Inust abandon politics for a time and' strip himself of all delusive and vis ionary ideas of political honor and preferment lii these States and turn hisattention to these industrial jjru suits that mark the'prosperity and 'progressiveness of every other race around him. There is no prejudice here against the negro pursuing his own substan tial happiness in any legitimate call ing. .There is no avenue of indus try shut against. him in the South. There is no deside' on the paft of the people to keep him down, but they have rather, in every instance, shown a sympathy and feeling that ought to be commended. ' Those fanatical leaders, pretended preachers and politicians up North , who are-trying to incite a conflict between the ra ces by advising retaliatory measures against, outrages in the South aie of all men the greatest enemies of the colored race. * * Whatever may be the disadvantages under which the negroes labor in these Southern States, thev are brought about by natural causes, and can never, no, never, be remedied by force. ' These disadvantages, so of ten spoken of, are in fact more im aginary than real. I would venture to say.that there are fifty disadvan tages in favor of the race becoming prosperous and happy where there is one to their deteriment. Outside of politics what .disadvantages does the colored man labor under in these States? I defy any man to show me a single unreasonable disadvantage he is subjected to throughout the broad.extent of this Southern land that any other people would not be sudjected to who keep themselves poor and dependentjgpon a more progressive and thrifty race. Show me an honest, upright, industrious colored man in any Southern com munity and I will show you a man who has no complaints tb make as to his treatraentin that community. No colored man can say truthfully that he is prevented and debarred from- entering into any legitimate business that a white man engages in, qn account of his race or color. On the contrary, thousands, am as sisted and encouraged in every houest calling they have ever put 1 their hands to. The held is before them; and in common they have the same chances and opportunities, through frugality,- patient industry aud ebonomy, to become prosperous and happy that their white ' neighImre have. . , ' rf~ In all the southern States, -there for the colored man’s improvement and ad vancement to a higher plane of citi zenship. Pnhlie Schools are open m every school district in every County for his and his children’s benefit* the expense of which is borne by another' race without a murmur. The whites freely give to.all religious and charitable under takings; public charity is never de nied to any one -deserving itT No colored person is absolutely exclud ed from any place of amusement if he or they desire'* to attend and oc cupy the places assigned them. On every street railway in every south ern city the colored man is freely admited without. any objec tion. * *- * * * * Let the colored man turn.... from all of his imaginary social happiness of mingling with another race of people, who.show in every conceiv able, way that they do not wish his company, and get to work in ear nest in acquiring the more perma nent and substantial things of life and the great problem is at once solved. The colored people" want uew teachers down here—teachers and leaders who will point out and instruct them in the way ef peace prosperity and happiness; teachers who will disabuse their mind3 of this political vanity, farce and humbug that are fast le;ulirig the(m blind folded into an indolent shiftlcssness the result of which is- now being manifested by every criminal court’s record. And now, in the name of humanity, I ask those who are stan ding at a convenient -distance, to desist front their diabolical attempt to incite a defenceless people to un dertake their .own destruction. ; \ . John T. Shoffbn. Orlando, Fla., Nov. 6. • ' Corporal Tannery Col. W. W. Dudley, both ex^pommissionere of pensions, have formed a partnership in Washington in the pension and claims business. -- When President Fulda of the Cal ifornia Athletic Club wired John L Sullivan for his. terms to bight Jack son, he received a reply which read: **W hite men $10,000 apiece, colored .men double price. ' The Queen of Italy tried to writea novel. It- was enthusiasti cally praised' by the Court ladies when oufe day she read them a few chapters. She was bright enough to wish a impartial test, so she sent it under an assumed name to a leading publisher, who, politely de clined to accept it. . ^ Green D. Rauin, Jr., sou "of the Commissioner of Pensions, bus been appointed assistant chief clerk of the Pension Bureau, vice' Breeds, resign ed. The Commissioner has created a new division, to he, known us the appointment division. Of which his son will have charge.,, ' Representative Carter, of Monta na, says it is not improbable that the Democrats may cause „ n deadlock in the election of a Senator by the Legislature . of Montana, and the election will bo thus delayed uutil after the expiration of the term the Legislature can sit, when the Sena tors could be appointed by the Gov ernor, who is. a De'mocrat. The Si THE MONTGOMERY BONANZA. - The paid Gotten Out of the Mine by . Pounds Daily. ,y ,, ' Troy (Montgomery county> VidciU. Jv- >''' We have been prevented Irom publishing to the world the fapt of the recent discovery in this county of the "’1 ebe Saunders” mine, loca ted ten miles west of TroyJ in Uwharrie township, because: we promised Mr, Saunders soon after its discovery, not to- publish it, for reasons which he; would at the prop er time explain, until he gave ns premission to do So. We have kept our word until new, that the “cat is out of the bag” we feel at liberty to - give the facts as far as we known, them. '■ _ The half is not known, nbr can not be known, until Mr. Saunders becomes willing to give tothepublio the fact as to how much of the pre cious metal he has actually takem , from his new mine.; Thera is no doubt but that considerably over' one hundred thousand dolllars ' worth has been taken out; that it m gotton out by the quantity of pounds daily, and that so far there is no signs of its diminishing in its rich out-put. We learned yesterday about six pounds had been taken out this week by six or eight bands, who are left in charge of the. mine during Mr. Saunders’ absence. i U ■'fir It m POLITICAL POINTS _ Mayor Chapin, of Brooklyn, ia am avowed candidate for the presidency, and Gov. Hill is securing delegates to the nominating convention. Mr. Calvin 8. Brice, chairman of the national Democratic committe,. has announced his candidacy for tbs' United StateaSenate from Ohio; There is said to be a growing oppo sition in Kansas to Senator ; Ingalls, whose term expires in 1891, and it is doubtful if he will succeed himself. The Democrats have gained 646,• 000 votes since the last election, and certain Republican journals are ata tempting to account dor it on the> ground that it is an “off year,”' Chas. H. Turner, the ice-cart driv er, who was defeated for the State Senate at the recent election in New York, is the candidate of Tammany Hall for Congress in the sixth New York district. Anthony Joseph, New Mexico's delegate to Congress, says that im mediately upon the assembling of Congress in December he will intro duce an enabling act for the admis sion, of New Mexico as a State. It is said; that with the anti-Allis , son Republicans elected to the Iowa Legislature that gentleman can't, figure out a possible majority of more than ono. The'Iowa Demo crats fell Jiko kicking themselves for not having carried the Legisla ture, which they could so easily have doue. However, they say that two of the members who are claimed us Republicans are really independents, and, they have high hopes of defeat- -■ ifig Senator Allison. i ; ■■id I m fiiSM - ■ - .• i. :r*!m - -J& m ' Work will soon be commenced on b =• b ’ ; ^ i lotte. -v, ' .r. ■ -