THE OR&AN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BAPTISTS DEVOTED TO BIBLE RELIGION, J EDUCATION, LITERATURE AND GENERAL INTELLIGENCE,
Volume 88.
RALEIGH, N. C, WEDNESDAY, JULY .6, 1892.
v Number 2.
frhe ' Biblical Recorder.
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; Paul's Three Missionary Journeys.
But the Lord said unto him, Oo thy way ; top
be is a chosen vessel unto me, to bear my name
before the Gentiles, and kings, and the children of
Israel: for I will show him how great things he
must suffer for my name's sake." Acta 9: 15, 16.
Paul was one of the most remarkable men
that ever lived. He bad all toe elements of
a treat cnaracter. lie possessea a Durmne
l 1 -. TT. . . 1
zeal, unflagging perseverance. Inflexible will.
fixedness of purpose, decided convictions.
unbounded enthusiasm, self reliance, and
genius of the highest order. He had all the
endowments of a great leader. These very
qualities, when arrayed against Christianity,
made him a no mean opponent When con
verted to the cause of Christ, thev made
him one of the most influential and success
ful advocates of the christian religion. As
a persecutor oi me cnurcn. ne was sincere.
i i ii . i a
earnest, uncompromising and laborious.
When he became a christian, we see these
elements conspicuous in his character and
conduct. He was unselfish and self sacri
ficing. He was not a hypocrite. There was
no dUDlicuv in ms conduct. His religion
was no pretence, we discover Derrect sin-
' .. - - .o
ftUliv jLnd sn nnmipfif inniniT faith thmnnh.
out blS Whole ministry. " We believe, there- I
fore we 8teak." lie had an ardent love for I
Christ and his cause, vet he was no enthusi-
ast He could sav. in lustification of the
m - -
seal of himself and his co-laborers. "For the
love of Christ constraineth us. Because we
thus iudce that if one died for all. then were
all dead. And that he died for all. that thev
Which live should not henceforth live unto
themselves, but unto him which died for
them and rose again."
He had the most implicit faith in the gos
i). The truths of Christianity were not
u .
im shadows, but actual verities, and he
consecrated all powers of his beincr for their
defence and promotion. Great men are not
needed on all occasions. Some one has said.
iiruj j i i i v i ..
uuu uuca uuii uceu tuauy uut ueuara iu juts
forest" America needed onlv one Wash
ington, and God raised him up and qualified
him for his work. All this and more was
emphatically true of the great Apostle to
the Gentiles. As God had a sne.Mal deslim
in the conversion of Paul, so ho. had in the
training and preparation for his mission in
the church, lie was a chosen vessel when
but a vouth. while ha was RturfvlMcr at school
iU his native eitv. Tarsna. His Greek train-
ing and Greek culture prepared him to grap
ple in after times with the subtleties of Stolo
and Enicurean nhilosonhera. Ilia training
under the far-famed Gamaliel made him
master of the Jewish nolitv. Jewish theol
ogy, and Old Testament teaching. When
converted to Christianity, he was enabled by
his profound erudition in the Old Testament
Scriptures, to discover the true relation be
tween the Mosaic economy and the Chris
tian dispensation, ah in rWrlv demonstrated
IU that master treatise entitled the Enintle
w the Hebrews.
As a chosen vessel to earrv the crosnel to
the Gentiles, he nerformeri hit) mission, not
seeking personal ease or aggrandizement. He
was not above workin? at tent-makincr at
Corinth and elsewhere. lie inured himself
to hardship, making journeys on foot through
S&ndy deserts, over bills And vallevs. across
Swollen streams, exnosed to summer's hom
ing heat and winters lev cold. He did not
Shrink from dan para. Ho was often ex nosed
tO Perila in fha wilderftAcia norilfl hv lAnd
End RAA ttarila tmm rnKKaro anil rutrila frnm
lalse brethren. Nn sinister motive nould be
impugned to him. for he coveted no man's
SUVer or cold. An ft missinniirv. he waa a
model for every missionary who should
pome after him. We turn now to our sub-
FAUUB final HioolOIlAB JUUHMKX.
s Tt. a i i . . . . ' L't
ion Of the GAntlloa wad ' mmin1Ar1 at Anil
uo untb rHimiitr tti i uqt iti rnr inn cinnvHr-
OCh. The fhmvh at t.hta Imnnrfamt ltw nn
the OrontAa uraa with the
Church at JemsAlem iha hnnnr of sendinif
Ollr tMlcnlAM.U.. 1 . . 1 - 1 11..
i i s preacn me gospei in iu
egiOnS hVOnil T la nnmanrliiif vomarbahla
oat this city was the starting point of each
w Paul's three missionary .t journeys. The
mission enterprise conceived and put into
operation by the church at Antioch was not
qaixoticor romantlo in iU brigiri. It had
tne sanction ' and command of the Holy
Ghost. "The Holy Ghost said, Separate me
Paul and Barnabas unto the work where
unto I have called them." There was a spe
cial conviction of duty that influenced those
men of God in giving themselves to the work
assigned them. On the other hand, the
church was convinced of her duty in the
premises, and hence by prayer and fasting
and laying on of . hands set Barnabas and
Paul apart for ihe work. -
Paul with his companion set out on his
first missionary tour about A. D. 45. Sail
ing down the Orontes, they came to Seleu
cia, the seaport of Antloch, named after one
of the generals of Alexander the Great.
Hence they failed to Cyprus, an island in
the Mediterranean Sea, lying almost due
south from Beleucia. Landing at Salamis
in the southeast of the island, they preached
the word of the Lord in the synagogue of
the Jews. Here it may be remarked that
Paul and bis colaborers in their missionary
journeys always availed themselves of the
privileges of the synagogues. The Jews of
the dispersion had their places of worship in
every city, where they dwelt in sufficient
numbers and enjoyed the protection of the
Roman government
Leaving Salamis and traveling west to
Papbos at the western extremity of the is
land, the two apostles meet with their first
opposition. It was from Ely mas the sor
cerer who -sought to turn away from the
faith the deputy Sergins Paulus. He was
smitten with blindness by Paul. This mira
cle doubtless profoundly impressed the dev
otees of heathenism at Paphos where a mag
nificent temple, dedicate to 'Jupiter, ex
isted at the time of Paul's visit This man
is but a specimen of all who deal in the
black art They have always opposed the
gospel. Superstition, sorcery and necro
mancy can not stand the full blaze of gospel
light
The missionary partly having left Paphos
and sailing a little northwest across the sea
of Paraphilia, reach Perga on the coast of
Paraphilia. Here we have the first intima
tion that John Mark, a nephew of Barnabas,
bad accompanied the -apostles on their mis
sionary tour. We are informed that at Perga
he left them and departed for Jerusalem.
Perhaps he grew weary in the work, or be
came discouraged as we sometimes become
iu our times. This was the ground of Paul's
refusing to take him in the second mission
ary journey.
Leaving Perga and going due north into
the interior, they came to Autioch in Pi
sidia. Here on the Sabbath day they went
into the synagogue and Paul, by invitation,
addressed the assembly. How gladly he
embraced every opportunity to preach Christ
and him 'crucified. We have a synopsis of
this remarkable sermon recorded in Acts
14th chapter. Paul preached again the next
Sabbath, as his preceding sermon had greatly
moved his hearers.
But another enemy appears on the stage,
destined to follow him up, mar his success,
and even endanger his life. The apostles
having expressed a pre fence for the Gentiles
as hearers, served still further to exasperate
the Jews. This bigoted race stirred up the
people against Paul and Barnabas, and com-
Selled them to leave. They shook off the
ust of their feet against them and came to
Iconium. Here they remained sometime
f (reaching the gospel with success, the Jews
n the meantime opposing them and finally
succeeded in their expulsion from the city. 1
They next came to Derbe and Lystra,
oities of Lycania. At Lystra, Paul healed a
cripple, whereupon the priests of Jupiter
prepared to offer sacrifices to Paul and Bar
nabas. This was prevented with difficulty.
Here Paul does not hesitate to antagonize
boldly heathenism. There is no compromise
of truth no policy seeking no hunting
popularity at the expense of truth, duty ana
consistency, but a firm, decided stand for
the right. The fickle populace come and go.
They vacillate from one extreme to another.
Awhile ago they took Paul and Barnabas to
be gods, out now, influenced by the Jews,
they take them for devils or impostors, and
stone Paul, leaving him half dead. After
his recovery, he and Barnabas came to
Derbe. They now think of returning to An
tioch. A few days after this, they tmjss
again through Lystra, Iconium and Antioch
of Pisidia, ordaining elders in every city
and confirming the churches that had been
established.
Thus we gather that they had abundant
success, notwithstanding the violence of
their enemies. And so the gospel faithfully
preached will be crowned with success.
This successful yet trying iourney was but
the harbinger of success In many a mis
sionary tour undertaken ' since that ; day.
From Antioch in . Pisidia the missionaries
travel to Pamphilia and come to Perga and
thence to Attalia on the sea coast where they
took shipping, and.having sailed to Antioch.
reported to the church by which they had
been recommended to the grace of God.
What was the nature of this report we can
only conjecture. Thus ends the first mis
sionary journey, v
ii. piul's second missionaby joubnet.
The first missionary journey lasted about
two years. It was about ten years later be
fore the second was undertaken. During
this interval the celebrated council, Teferred
to In Acts 15th chapter, was held at Jerusa
lem. ?The decrees of this oounoil were made
known by the apostles and missionaries sent
in the regions around, it was perhaps a
short time after their return from the coun
cil, that Paul proposed to- Barnabas to visit
again every city and place they had gone iu
their first journey ana see how the brethren
were doing. During the ten years which
had elapsed, these feeble churches had con'
tended with much opposition, persecution,
declension, and defection. They might well
represent the condition of some newly con
stituted churches on heathen soil at this day.
Paul knew what they had to contend with,
hence his solicitude. Perhaps some of the
feebler bands had become extinct, others
were scattered abroad, and many of the
young disciples had gone back to the beg
garly elements Of the world. A difficulty
occurs just as they are about to set out.
Barnabas wished so take Mark with them,
but Paul was violently opposed to this.
Hence, Barnabas, having .separated from
Paul, took Mark and sailed to Cyprus and
the history of the missionary operations
closes at this juncture. I
Paul took Silas as his companion and co
laborer and departed being recommended by
the brethren to the grace of God. They
travel by land up through Syria and Cilicia
confirming the churches. Tarsus, Paul's
native city, lay in his route but we are not
informed of his visiting it His parents
were perhaps dead, and in all probability
most of his relatives were dead. He had a
married sister living at Jerusalem. A
prophet, however, is not without honor save
in his own country, among his own people
and his own kin. Be this as it may, Paul's
zeal for his Master's cause transcends all
love of home and kindred. He wishes to
save souls and hence hurries on, regardless
of social enjoyments and love of pleasure,
across the mountains to Derbe and Lystra,
that ho may see the faces Of his brethren
once more-and know how they stand.
At Lystra, Timothy whom Paul after
wards called his own son in the gospel and
to whom he writes his last epistle, was or
dained to the christian ministry. After
wards, extending their journey, they preach
ed the gospel throughout Gaktia and Phry-
fia and planted churches in those regions,
'o the churches in Galatia, Paul afterwards
wrote the Epistle to the Galatians. Passing
through Mysia, they came down to Troas on
the sea-coast. From this place they essayed
to go into Asia and Bythinia, but the Holy
Ghost suffered them not Here a vision of
a man in Macedonia, crying, "Come over
and help us," was seen by Paul and Silas.
Convinced that it was their duty to cross the
sea and preach the gospel in a hew conti
nent, they took ship and sailed for Philippi,
a seaport on the river Strymon. The first
fruits of their ministry her were the heal
ing of the soothsaying damsel, the conver
sion of Lydia and heFboOwhd-and the
jailer and his. household. These were the
(original elements of the Philippian church
to whom Paul afterwards wrote an epistle.
Persecution awaited tnem also in tnis jour
ney, for at Philippi Paul and Silas were cru
elly beaten and cast into the dungeon. But
they rejoiced that they were accounted wor
thy to suffer for shame for the name of
Jesus.
Upon their release, they left the city, jour
neying along the northern coasts of the
iEgean sea. Passing through Amphipolis
and Apollonia, they came to Thessalonica,
one of the most important cities in north
west Greece. Here entering the synagogue,
they reasoned with the people three Sabbath
days in succession from the Scripture and
succeeded in forming a church to which his
first two epistles, L and IL Thesssalonians,
were written. Being driven by their com
mon enemy, the Jews, from the city, they
go by night sent by the brethren unto
Berea, where the people were more noble
than those at Thessalonica, inasmuch as
they search the Scriptures to see whether
the things spoken by Paul were so or not
But the Jews of Thessalonica came hither,
stirred up the people so that the brethren
sent Paul away to go as it were by sea, but
Silas and Timothy abode there stilL Paul's
journey was now due south, down the coast
of the JEgean sea as far as Athens, whither
he was brought by the brethren. Here he
was surrounded by Grecian idolatry, the
statues of gods and heroes being seen on
every hand. ' It was a city of thirty thou
sand gods. The satirist Juvenal said in.
derision of Athens that it was more easy to
find a god there than a man. Here on Mars
Hill he encounters the Stoics and Epicure
ans, the philosophers of the times, and dis
courses with them on the christian doctrine
of a resurrection from the dead, a doctrine
received by some but rejected by the many.
A few only were converted to the cause of
truth and righteousness, among whom, was
Dyonisius, the Areopagite, and a. woman
named Damaris.
Leaving Athens and going west, they
cross the gulph ot Corinth to Corinth, the
largest, wealthiest, the most pleasure-loving
and corrupt city of all Greece. Here was
the famous temple of Venus, the goddess
who was supposed to preside over that licen
tious city. Paul labored here a year and a
half and succeeded in establishing a flour
ishing and vigorous church, to whom he
afterwards wrote two of his principal epis
tles. Leaving Corinth In company with
Aquila and Priscilla, they cross the JEge&x
sea almost due east to Ephesus, a famous
city in Asia Minor. Here the -party tarried
only a short time, Paul having in the mean
time preached in the Jewish synagogue.
The missionary party now leave Ephesus,
going southeast across the sea, to Cesarea
and then up the coast to Antioch from
whence they had set out. The apostles pro'
ceeded from Cesarea tot Jerusalem and from
Jerusalem to Antioch. " 3 '
".III. TH fHIBIX MISSIONABV J0tJRNIYv .
Paul departed from Antioch, went through
Galatia and Phrygia In order, strengthening
the disciples ; then he turned due west and
Jassing through Asia as before, came to
Iphesus where he labored two years, a
longer time than he spent at any other city
during his missionary , tour. . Here he was
eminently successful, a flourishing church
was established to which he addressed the
Epistle to the EpheslanaV Ephesus, at that
time, was the most celebrated city in the
east Here was the celebrated temple dedi
cated to Diana. To this city the inhabM
tants of all parts of Western Asia resorted
and from all Darts of the clrilized world.
The people of Northern Af rica and Southern
Europe visited it . And all were eager to
purchase silver shrines of Diana, Hence, the
making of silver shrines was a profitable
business at Ephesus, until the preaching of
Paul turned the people away from idolatry.
Here exorcising evil spirits and various
other dark arts whre practiced. But such
was the influence of the .gospel that large
numbers, wno followed, such business.
brought their books and burnt them. De
metrius and his colaborers in the same busi
ness of making silver shrines, seeing their
craft in danger from Paul's influence, set the
whole city in an uproar and stirred up the
people against PauL After the disturbance
had been quieted, the Apostle went into
Macedonia, visiting perhaps Philippi, Thes
salonica, Berea,. and other places in Greece,
then came to Corinth where he remained a
short time, again retracing his stops, travel
ing up the west coast of the -Egean sea,
and then due west to Philippi, from which
place he sailed across the sea to Troas. At
this latter place he preached until a late hour
at night and broke bread with bis disciples.
Here he restored to life Eutychus who, drrr
ing a deep sleep, had fallen from the third
story and been killed. Leaving Troas and
going south, touching at Assos, Mitylene,
Chios, Samos, and Trogyllium, he came to
Miletus where he had that tender and touch
ing interview with the elders of the Ephe
sian church, whose faces h was destined to
see no more. ' He then leaves for Jerusalem,
passing by Coos Rhodes and Patara, and
taking another ship at Phenice, he and his
party sailed to Tyre, and from Tyre to Ptol
emais, and thence to Cesarea,, where he
spent a short time with Philip the. Evange
list, and then went to Jerusalem where he
was arrested, and, after several years' im-
Srisonment sent to Rome to; appear before
tero. After his release, he may have vis
ited Spain and Italy. On his second trial
before Nero, he was beheaded, having writ
ten just before it to his beloved Timothy,;
Paul stands before the christian world as
the model missionary. , R. W.
Farnham, Va. V . .-
What Many Christians Need.
The man who is empty himself cannot fill
others The professed christian: who can
hardly stand up on his feet is not likely to
do much effective work in his Master's vine
yard. How can the poor brother who is
trying to keep his farthing candle from be
ing blown out, how can he bo "shine && to
glorify God," and be an illuminator to guide
other people to the Saviour? Such feeble,
grasping christians may count on a church
roll, but they count very little anywhere
else. There is but one cure for this spirit
ual emptiness. It is not to attend more
prayer-meetings or hear more preaching, for
putting sermons into some souls is like
pouring water into a sieve. What such
empty souls need is a fresh inpouring of the
Spirit of Christ
(1) Those who really want this and seek
aright for it, can have it; and one mark will
be an increase of faith. The disciples asked
for such an increase, and so may we. A
feeble faith may move a mole hill, but it
cannot stir a mountain. It can say "per
haps God may hear, or perMps I can do
some good, or perhaps I may get out of the
Suagmire of doubt and debility.'' Now
aith is just the taking in of Christ into the
soul, and the more of Christ the more
strength. To grapple with 4 ' stubborn
sins," to conquer debilitating doubts, to
carry a heavy load, to take hold of "hard
cases" and try to bring them to Christ, to
do all such feats is given to those who are
filled with might in the inner man, Luther
spent three hours a day in prayer that he
might have the stamina for his wrestle with
the giant on "the seven hills." Charles G.
Finney tells us in his autobiography how he
was once pleading with God to remove the
difficulties that obstructed bis path, until be
savs that "his flesh trembled on bis bones
and he shook from head to foot" Then
there came a full tide of assurance into his
soul, a " great lifting up," and a sweet calm
of entire trust; from that room he went
forth into one of the most powerful revivals
that he ever witnessed, and the whole town
of A was moved by his preaching.
Spurgeon used to give an account of a blunt
and earnest minister somewhat of the same
fibre as John McNeil who was sent into a
desperately irreligious region. He called
together the people, and in his first sermon
he said: "Look here, my friends, you may
wriggle and twist ana set yourselves against
this gospel as much as you like, but before
this time twelve-month hundreds of souls
will be converted here. : 1 have asked this
of the Lord, and he has given it to me."
Spurgeon savs that the sturdy faith of this
bold man Of prayer received its. reward, and
within the year there were several hundreds,
of hopeful conversions. The pastor who
believingiv asks for such a rich harvest this
year, and soaks his gospel seed iU'prayer.
, will hot oome into the Lord's barns with an
empty wagon Let the Sunday-school
teacher pin this promise into her class book:
" All things are possible to him that he
lieveth." (2) With increase of faith will come an
mcrease of spiritual vigor. When I found
that a tree in my yard bore more blossoms
than fruit, I JfSd the gardener dig around
it, and put a bushel or two of fertilizer to
reach its roots, and the next July it was
crimsoned on every limb with cherries. The
more abundant life in , the tree yielded the
more abundant fruit. The simple reason
why any christian does not . yield the fruits
of the Spirit is the lack of inward vigor.
The soil of his soul has become impoverish
ed. He needs the tillage of prayer, honest
self-examination, the subsoihng of repen
tance and a new inpouring of the Spirit of
Christ " If a man abide in Me, he shall
bring forth much, fruit" , ' ' '
It is the debilitated folks who catch all
the fevers that are going, and a physician
can do little for a patient who has not vi
tality enough to slough off the disease. An
immense proportion of all our church mem'
bers are in the hospitals, or off on furlough,;
or too feeble to carry a weapon. Their dis
ease is a low vitality, and some are dying of
"heart failure." The only recovery of all
mese puiuuie iuv turns must come i rum tue
tonic which Jesus Christ gives when he
gives his quickening Spirit. There is really
no such thing as a genuine revival for a
christian of for a church except by a living
again of Christ in their souls, and a living
again for Christ in' their daily conduct..
Listen, O, ye invalids and impotent folk and
idlers, to this trumpet call of the Master:
"lam come that he might have life, and
Ti a WA maw IiawA ft mAA n VtnM1nn4lt II
MM J V J MBW AW HIVIV RVUUUHUUJ
i (3) With this increased vigor of heart-life
will come more genuine joy. There is no
sunshine for those who will keep their shut
ters barred. Joy is not gained by the ask
ing for it, but only by the acting foriti; we
have got to walk with Christ if we want to
walk in the sunshine.. There is a miserable'
lot of moping and grumbling and sour-
spirited christians who disgrace the name
they bear. If one of this sorry ' regiment
should ask a shrewd man of the world to
embrace Christianity, he might well reply:,
"No, I thank you,, I have troubles enough
now without being troubled ..with such a
peevisu ana aoieiui religion as yours seems
to be." What a letter of recommendation
some christians carry in their cheerful coun
tenances 1 What a brace of joyous prison
era were those two apostles who sang their
duet down in Phillippi's. dungeon, at mid-,
night i Those early christians managed to
draw oil out of the flintiest rocks, and the
uinvii: vv o v vo vra iviovvuuuuv vc pu vwi
with the sparkles of bright iov. They were
filled with Christ, and so their joy was
brimming over. Now here are three things
which thousands of those who call them
selves christians need; and these three
things more faith, more vigor, and more
joy are all within your reach. Your Lord
and Saviour offers to you them all when he
offers to you an "abundant life."' : Are you
ready to let him bestow in his own way and
on his own terms! Then it is yours I T.
i. uuyur, u. u. ; , ;
: Somethings have changed. Conversion
f .1. - . T . XT A Al - . .
in me uuio ot oesus, me Autuur vi our glo
rious religion, was not a mental exercise or
an intellectual process. It was changing '
one's way of living, dropping a style of con- -duct
and taking up another style, in imita
tion of another man who lived that other
style. Conversion, to-day, is a series of men
tal exercises which are supposed to ultimate
in, a better mode of acting.. In the olden,
times the mode of acting preceded the men
tal exercises. The man, to day, feels so and
so, or thinks he does, and therefore does so
and so. We have got the cart ahead of the
horse.' We look for happy feelings before ,
we have done that righteousness which alone -can
bring happiness of. mind. The joy of
the Lord is only known to those who live the
life of the Lord in its goodness. Zn Mac,
1. V....... n..Um TTi. . - ... . , . .
When and What to Bead. ' 1 -
If you are impatient, sit down quietly and
have a talk with Job.
If you are just a little strong headed go
to see Moses.
- If you are getting weak-kneed, take a look
at Elijah.
if there Is no song in your heart, listen to
David.,,
If you are a policy man, read Daniel.
: ' If you are getting sordid, spend a while
with Isaiah.
If you feel chilly, get the beloved disciplo
to put his arms around yon.
if your Jaith is below par, read Paul.
If you are getting lazy, watch Jamea.
If you are losing sight of the future, climb
up to Revelation and get a glimpse of t' 3
promised land.-?oWe Censer,
.Religion is a necessary an J in 1'
element in1 any great 1: " n
There is no living wiio-.t it. 1
the tie that connects r n v, 'i !
and him ' to his three ;. Iff ';
sundered,' all" broken, 1 i
worthless atom ia thac-ire-
attractions, all gon, i'.i C:
and its whole futura r'r 5 : !
desolation and death. .