RALEIGH, N. C, WEDNESDAY, MARCH II. 1903. JOSIAH WIlrUAM BAILEY, Editor f VOLUME 68, NUMBER 36. WHERE LIBERTY HAS BEEN LOST. Deeper Tights than the right to vote or to be president are the rights that the right to vote was given to protect the right to work, the right to burn coal, or to buy food without paying tax to any baron of the realm or of finance, and the right to worship God. If one is taxed with representa tion as a citizen but is taxed without representa tion as a consumer of food or a producer of en ergy, or if one may have his vote counted with 13,000,000 others but cannot stop work to rest or worship on Sunday, he should not be greatly blamed for taking no extraordinary joy in his f rcedom. The average man would rather live freely than vote freely; and, we venture, all but a very few would give up voting before they would give up living. And so when you give a man unlimited freedom to vote, but put his coal, his food, his money, his work, his body's and soul's necessities in the hands of other men, you do him small favor and leas honor. There are ten thousand chances lhat his life his necessities, his absolute need of food and work and life will slaughter his vote be fore his vote can make way for his life. For, af ter all, it is not one vote that counts, but the ma jority 6,000,000 or more. And how is the man to subsist while 6,000,000 fellows get in mind with him, many in no such condition as he, and some more immediate need? Bread comes before in citizenship as a necessity of life. Who rules my broad is my king. The attack upon American liberty has not been made at the point of the ballot. Oh, we have guarded that with the jealousy of children. Ilad if been made at this point, it would have been like" murder in the ..market-place... But the attack has been made at the point of the necessaries of life. Instead of taking life, they gained control of the necessaries of life; instead of taking liberty, they took charge of the conditions that govern liberty; instead of taking property, they have merely ar ranged to fix its value to suit themselves. This attack made at the point of the neces saries of life has succeeded. If we have the neces saries of life, it is by grace and high prices. If we art; not in the midst of a terrible panic, it is because Mr. Morgan not we does not wish for one just now. If we get ten cents for cotton or tobacco, it is because the men that control the market are willing to pay so much. While citi zens have taken their liberty out in voting the ticket and hurrahing for the candidate, in shoot ing off fire-works the Fourth of July and raising children for the presidency, the essential condi tions of liberty have been stolen away. They went with the oil supply, the food supply, the meat supply, the coal supply, the work supply, the money supply they went in the fall of the market-place, the citadel of civilization. But it is only an eclipse. Democracy will come out on the other side, brighter than ever. One cannot be blind to the fact that our country has fallen into the hands of several monopolies; but that we have yet the power of recovery and that we shall recover, we have no doubt. Only let us neither blind ourselves to the fact that monopo lies do exist and that they are a menace and a wrong, nor go wild with foolish notions and schemes. This is no time to make political capi tal. The men who relieve this evil will not do it aa politicians. A steady and a thoughtful line of action, relentless opposition and vigilance and careful selection of our leaden will surely carry us back to the purposes for which our government wa9 formed. For the present the land is prosper ous and conditions not as bad. by anymeans.as they might be. We may take pleasure in this, but ' it should not solace us for the real loss of funda mental human rights. Already we have been too easily content with superficial conditions, or too easily aroused by mere variations of the same. We must look to the profounder conditions of life1 if we would guard our civilization; and neither prosperity nor adversity should deter us from our inspection of them and our zeal to right them and improve them. SENATOR HOAR ON THE SOUTH. Senator Hoar is the most respected member of the United States Senate. By length of service and by a record of integrity, ability and faithful ness unsurpassed he has commanded the respect of the entire Nation. He is a typical New Eng lander, and his point of view is far removed from that of a Southerner. But as the years have passed, the Senator has mellowed with sympathy. In a recent speech he uttered the sentiments sub mitted below, which should go not only to touch us with a kindly feeling for the aged Senator, but also go to reassure us that we are a Nation "one and indissoluble": "I know how sensitive our Southern friends are on this matter of social equality and companion ship, and I think I might say fairly and properly and that perhaps I have a right to say it that it is not wise for the people of the North to un dertake to deal rashly or even to judge hastily of a feeling so deeply implanted in their bosoms. "Time, the great reconciliator, will reconcile them to that if in the nature of things and in the nature of man they ought to be reconciled to it. And if in the nature of things and in the nature of man time does not reconcile them, it will be a sign that they ought not to be reconciled to it ; and that some other mode of life for them must be devised.- -- -fl.- ,(f...j.. .... jj"ow my fr,'enogf having said what I thought to say on this question, perhaps I may be indulged in adding that although my lite politically and personally ha3 been a life of almost constant strife with the leaders of the Southern people, yet as I grow older I have learned not only to respect and esteem, but to love the great qualities which belong to my fellow-citizens of the Southern States. They are a noble race. We may well take pattern from them in some of the great virtues which make up the strength as they make the glories of the free State. Their love of home; their chivalrous respect for women; their cour age; their delicate sense of honor; their constan cy; which can abide by an opinion or a purpose or an interest for their States through adversity and through prosperity, through the years and through the generations, are things by which the people of the more mercurial North may take a lesson. And there is another thing covetousness, corruption, the low temptation of money has not yet found any place in our Southern politics. "Now my friends, we cannot afford to live, we don't wish to live, and we do not live, in a state of estrangement from a people who possess these qualities. They are friends of ours, bone of our bone; flesh of our flesh; blood of our blood, and whatever may be the temporary error of any Southern State, I for one, if I have a right to speak for Massachusetts, say to her, 'Entreat me not leave thee nor to return from following after thee. For where thou goest I will go and where thou stayest, I will stay also. And thy people shall be my people, and thy God my God.' " 5PRINO. ! "Every clod feels a stir of might, An instinct within it that reaches and towers, And, groping blindly above it for light, Climbs to a soul in grass and flowers." FAILURE. Not always is it he who wins his way Through proud achievement to his worldly goal, Upon whose shoulders falls the sacred stole Of sweet serenity when wanes life's day, , -Oft times the weary who beneath the sway . Of so-called failure would give up his role,. ' Has risen through the gloom with strengthened soul, . , And caught the gleam of some diviner ray. ; Failure, success, are terms but relative; ,. They are not measured in the Mind Divine By such poor standards as our earthly are. Who patient through apparent failure live Are like the watcher who, at sun-decline, As daylight fades beholds the even star. Herman Montague Donner. niND THE PLOWED O ROUND I He convulsed his hearers by describing the first railway locomotive he ever saw. He thought a railroad was simply a road made out of rails, ne got in a long cut when he heard the train coming. He ran like a deer to get out of that cut. He had often likened himself to a Western boy who had plowed close up to the railroad track. He had never seen a tra'in before, and when one came in sight he took the track and down it he sped. The engineer blew the whistle and rung his bell, but the boy would not leave the track. Finally he stopped, and going up to the boy, who sat puffing and blowing on the ground, he said, "Why didn't you get off the track ?" "I knowed," the boy replied, "that you'd ketch me if I ever got out in that plowed ground." From a speech by F. O. McConnelL THE CITY NEQRO HIS EDUCATION. The status of the city negro seems to furnish a contradiction of the prevalent belief that edu cation will solve the race problems. Experience seems to show that the problems grow in difficulty as general intelligence increases. This is no dis credit to education nor a derogation of its func tion. It simply shows that the case was wrongly diagnosed in the first instance. In the city of Washington, and in a corresponding degree the same may be said of other cities, the educational facilities for colored children are practically as good as any offered the most favored class of chil dren anywhere on the face of the earth. These schools have been crowded for a quarter of a century and have now more than fifteen thousand in attendance, a higher average than prevails in the white schools. And yet the race problem at the national capital is not solved. It is mild criticism of negro education to say that it has not had satisfactory reaction upon the mas3 life of the race. It is on this account that there has recently sprung up such a widespread movement to modify the plan and policy of negro education so as to bring it into closer relation to those for whom it is designed. The present programs of instruction were adapted to the neecU and circumstances of white youth rather than to those of the negro. It cannot be considered a compliment to any race to measure its requirements by that of another, but its educational programs should be interpretable in terms of its own needs and circumstances. The courses of study in city schools cannot be wisely readjusted until we have made a careful study of the lines of employment in which negroes are engaged and are likely to be engaged for yearsto come. Kelly Miller in the January Southern Workman. "' TO THE HERETIC-HUNTERS. "Who art thou that judgest another's servant t -To his own lord he stands.ar. fallal From Eaul,!', the Apostle. By thy own soul's law learn to live And if mn" thwart thee take no heed, And if men hate thee have no care; Sing thou. thy song and do thy deed, Ilope-thou thy-hope-and pray-thy prayer. Packenham Beatty.