Newspapers / State Port Pilot (Southport, … / July 28, 1948, edition 1 / Page 12
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Study Of Tobacco Being Made At Agriculture Experiment Station Chemical Analysis Of Leaf And Work On Growing And Curing Of Weed Is Started BY LANE M. PALMER Assistant Editor X. C. Agricultu Assistant Editor X. C. Agricultural Experiment Station The time may come when you will be able to dash off the chem ical formula of your favorite cig arette as readily as you can now write H20 for water. That's one of the things in prospect for the tobacco analysis study now being conducted by workers at the North Carolina Agricultural Ex periment Station. Even try guessing at the num ber of different chemical elements and compounds in tobacco ? Science has long known that to bacco contains large amounts of j a half a dozen or more inorgan-| tic elements like potasium, chlor ine. magnesium and phosphorus, j Then there are such things as i nicotine, sugars and various acids which are called organic com pounds. (Organic compounds al-' ways contain the element, car- j bon, in combination with one or1 more other chemical elements.) I No doubt there are many other,' elements in amounts so small that they have not yet been iden-! tified. | The thing the chemists haven't found out up to now is: "Just' how much of these various ele- J ments and compounds is there in high quality smoking tobac- > .Co ?" What are the chemical dif ferences between good and poor Jobacco?" v Investigators at State College, | in cooperation with the U. S. De partment of Agriculture, began 'their study just about a year ago jas a part of the expanded to bacco research' program set up (by the 1947 Assembly. A new J laboratory was set up on the State College campus especially (for the study. Dr. W. E. Colwell, | in charge of tobacco research and j recently named head of the I Agronomy Department at State j College, was placed in charge. I Assisting with the agronomy phase of the study?the growing and curing of the tobacco?is Dr. W. G. Woltz. Dr. W. A. Reid is the technical advisor on the chemical phases?analyzing the leaves to find their chemical con tent. John Hall is laboratory su pervisor. As soon as the study reveals new facts, they will be! carried to the growers and manu-1 facturers by R. R. Bennett, to-j bacco specialist for the Extension j Service. Dr. Colwell points out that his group is not breaking all new ground. "All the major cigarette manufacturing companies main-' tain their own laboratories," he says. "The cigarette which you j smoke today is a standardized product. Making good cigarettes is no longer a hit or miss pro position." People who are satisfied with cigarettes as they are will ask,' "Then why all tills concern about tobacco quality?" Dr. Colwell ex plains that developing good to-. bacco is a never-ending process. | "We develop a new tobacco varie- ' ty that seems to fit our climate' and soil as well as please our ! consumers and then what hap Sell Your Tobaco In Tabor City And Outfit Your Family ? AT ? LEINWMD'S "Outfitters For The Family" ? Tabor City We Have A Full Line Of LADIES' READY-TO-WEAR ALSO SHOES, SUITS, PANTS and WORK CLOTHS To Fit Your Needs. Have Your Clothes Dry Cleaned at CAROLINA CLEANERS Tabor City While You Are Selling Your Tobacco On The Tabor City Market QUICK, EXPERT SERVICE CAROLINA CLEANERS Green Sea Highway Tabor City Lonnie and Clarence Willoughby, Props. i pens? This new variety is attack ed by some new disease or in sect. Then we have to begin our [search all over again." j The new method for analyzing tobacco will be helpful in the breeding program. Dr. Woltz ex plains that in the tobacco breed ing program, the workers must often bring in new types of to bacco. In some cases it has been wild tobacco. After crossing these new varieties with the old types, the breeders may find that they have the disease resistance that they are after. But they may also find that this new cross does not make good cigarette to bacco. j In many years past this step has had to wait until the cigaret tes reached the consumer. What I the Experiment Station workers j want is a way to test the quality I of tobacco before it reaches the i consumer?yes, even before a j new variety is released for the ; farmers to grow. I Another application of the new testing method will be to permit closer study of the effects of the various fertilizers on the smoking quality of tobacco. For instance, the workers already know that large amounts of nitrogen fed in to the leaves through fertilization, makes tobacco unfit for manu facturing cigarettes. Other studies can be made on the effect of geography and clim ate on tobacco quality. The tastes of smokers have shown that they will smoke tobacco grown in some regions in preference to that grown in other areas. Chemical analysis may reveal the reasons for this preference. Dr. Reid mentions several other services which his tobacco analysis laboratory is performing. "As tobacco producers know, the temperature and length of cur ing has a lot to do with tobacco quality," he explains. "We think that some day we may be able to standardize curing methods ac cording to their effect on the chemical contest of the leaves." The laboratory is also studying the effects that certain promis ing insecticides have on the qual ity of the leaf. For instance, It has been found that benzene hexachloride in its present form used for controlling horn worms, gives the tobacco an undesirable odor. Another important function of the laboratory will be to aid in training students at the col lege. Samples of the 1947 tobacco crop have been analyzed during the past year. Dr. Reid thinks that as soon as the statistical analysis is complete, there will be some significant facts added to the fund of knowledge about tobacco. Fag Firms Are Big Advertisers Tobacco Manufacturers Spend Huge Sums In Newspapers To Boost Sales FAG FIRMS 24 NEW YORK ? Printers' Ink compilation of figures show that of the 100 largest advertisers in newspapers in 1947, six were cig arette and tobacco manufactur ing firms and one a cigar manu facturing Co. The seven firms were: R. J. Reynolds Co., $3,013.576; American Tobacco Co., $1,489, 994; Liggett & Myers Tobacco Co., $1,417,322; Philip Morris & Co., Ltd., Inc., $1,0(3,138; P. Lo rillard Co., $851,179; Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation, $803,492, and the General Cigar Co., $511,215. India is one of the principal to bacco producing countries in the world second only to the United States. The tobacco plant was first introduced into the country by the Portuguese in .1508. IN KAISERS & FRAZERS TABOR ... Still the Newest and most economical Cars on the CITY Road ... On the farm or in the City. TWIN STATE MOTORS, INC. LARUE COX, Mgr. TABOR CITY SELL YOUR TOBACCO In TABOR CITY There Is More Than One Kind Of Hog Thief In Columbus County Five Dangers Beset Swine; Farmers Should Take Special Precautions The thief who steals a hog in Columbus County is not as dan gerous to hog growers as the j thief that endangers the animals, retarding the growth and con suming additional feed. Five hog thief are common on practically every farm in Colum bus County. The farmer who goes out to his hog lot in the morn ing and finds one or more of his top hogs gone, leaves no stone unturned until he finds the thief. However, he will go out day after day and see five common thieves in his pasture and do nothing about it These common thieves are parasites, poor man agement, poor type hogs, unbal anced rations and unsanitary conditions. The parasites, therefore, prob-1 ably do as much or more damage than any of Qie others. There are two distinct types of parasites on hogs, the internal parasite and the lice. Farmers can do away with the damage done by these parasites by using clean land for the sows to farrow on and in housing. The old hog lot is contaminated with worms and lice eggs. The farmer who uses strong sanitation is usually the man whose hogs pay him the most profit. He also fattens his hogs out on less feed than the mart who feeds his hogs and worms. Hogs cannot live and thrive on corn alone, and they can also be over-fed protein supplement. Hogs should be fed all the corn they will eat along with a good pro tein supplement of fish meal and cotton seed meal mixed. However, during war time when protein supplement Is scarce, a good supplement may be used in place of the fish meal and cotton seed meal. Good mix tures are as follows: 30 pounds soybean oil meal, 30 pounds cot bean oil meal, 30 pounds cotton seed meal, 30 pounds peanut oil meal, 8 pounds ground limestone, 5 pounds steamed bone meal, and 2 pounds salt. If tankage or fish meal is available, 30 pounds may be added to this mixture. It would be well for a farmer buying breeding stock to buy the best typ'e hog that is available and get rid of the poor type hogs that he is keeping. A farmer who is feeding and caring for his livestock is usual ly the one responsible for either the profit or loss. If he feeds his hogs properly, keeps good stock, and watches his sanitation, he will more than likely show a profit at the end of the year. Cigarette Paper Made At Brevard Eusta Plant Produces Bil lion Fag Covers Per Day; Last Word In Modern Plant Construction BREVARD.?Chances are that ( almost every cigarette you smoke' is wrapped in the thin paper made at the Ecusta plant near Brevard which produces a billion cigarette papers a day. And, if it hadn't been for Ecus-j ta, you might have gone for long spells without cigarettes during the war and many of the tobacco companies and tobacco towns would have taken an eco-j nomic rawhiding. The big paper plant is the foothills of the Western North Carolina mountains, at one en trance to the huge Pisgah na tional forest, is about the last word in modern plant construc tion. Harry H. Straus, a broker with foresight, barely won a race with time in getting his plant started before the war?the first sheets of cigarette papers rolled out of the plant on Sept. 2, 1939, the day German armies marched in to Poland. French manufacturers made most of the cigarette paper up until then, from linen rags. Strans foresaw that war would halt this production find he also wondered why paper could not be made di-1 rectly from flax fiber. He sold! bankers and tobacco companies j on his idea. He proved it was possible to, manufacture a high grade cigar ette paper from the fibers of: the native flax. Previously this | flax (produced in Minnesota and California) was raised solely for : its seed and the stubble was j burned off the fields. Straus decided a spot at the mouth or the Davidson river1 was ideal. The Carolina highlands offered a surplus of labor. In France it takes a traditional 10 years to produce an expert paper maker; Carolina mountaineers have reached journeyman status J in as short as two years. The site was within a day's | run of the factories which pro-! duce more than half the nation's j supply of cigarettes; the river I produced a supply of mineral-free i water. In the beginning a French operator stood at the controls with a North Carolina mountain-1 eer peering over his shoulder. A: third party in each team was a French-Canadian, employed to translate the questions and an swers. Ecusta now uses 19,000,000 gal lons of water daily and 100 tons a day of brown (Minnesota) flax and yellow (California) seed flax straw. The plant operates 24 hours a day and seven days a week. Pecans Can Be Valuable Crop For This Area Recent Sales Furnish Evi dence That Trees Will Provide Profitable Yield The recent pecan sales on the Whiteville Market have made many farmers realize that pecans can be one of the most valuable farm crops. Recent records show that as much as a thousand pounds of pecans have been pro duced by a single tree. Fortunate ly pecan trees take very little labor other than harvesting the nuts but the yield can be in creased in both size and value by proper fertilization and cultiva tion of the trees. When new trees are being planted they should be fertilized with barn yard mixtures or hen house sweepings. If commercial fertilizer is used, one-half pound of nitrate of soda or two pounds of 5-7-5 fertilizer should be mix ed into the soil around the trees. Avoid having any fertilizer in di rect contact with the roots of the trees. In fertilizing older trees apply one-half pound of nitrate of soda or 2 pounds of 5-7-5 fertilizer for each inch of diameter of the tree being fertilized. This should be well mixed into the first 6 inches of top soil extending from the trunk of the tree to the dimit of the branches. Cover crops are also helpful in maintaining the soil fertility of the land producing pecan trees. The best soil builders are Aus trian Winter Peas, cow, peas, velvet beans, lespedeza, and crim son clover. After small grains such as wheat and oats can be grown successfully in pecan or chards. The land between rows of young pecans can be used for growing any crop, but as the tree Increases in size, cultivation should be gradually restricted to the area not shaded by the branches of the trees. Where cover crops are used, care must be exercised not to turn them under at too great a depth. Plow ing, discing, etc. must not go deeper than 6 inches into the soil because of the danger of de stroying the tree roots. "They'd never have been found out." he vowed. "If Ashmore and Hadley had kept quite there was't a soul who'd have known them with that soot a-covering their faces." LEWIS FUNERAL HOME 24-HOUR AMBULANCE SERVICE Sponsors Of TABOR CITY MUTUAL FUNERAL ASSOCIATION Visitors Welcome ? Modern Equipment Throughout DAY PHONE ? 281 NIGHT PHONE ? 126 J. L. LEWIS ; Lewis Funeral Home ' TABOR CITY, N. C. History Of Farm ' Bureau Written Organization Was Result of Trial - And-Error Set - Up With Many Rural Lead ers Giving Share Who discovered, or developed, the farm organization formula which has won the backing of the more than a million and a j quarter farm families holding, membership in the Farm Bureau ? i The answer is no one man. It! was the result of trial-and-error i methods over the years in manyl states, with many farm leaders, contributing in one way or an-! other to the final result. FIRST STORY Until now, the epic story of; the great growth of the Farm1 Bureau in membership, influence, and power has never been told, except in fragments. For the first time, the story has now been set down and documented by the I man who wrote the original Farm1 Bureau book In 1921, Mr. Orvllle.' M. Kile, who was employed in the information department of the American Farm Bureau Fed eration in the early years. Mr. Kile's interest in the organization has never flagged. He has at tended every annual meeting of the American Farm Bureau Fed ration, with one exception. A resident of Washington, D. C.,' since he wrote his first book, he ! has been intimately familiar with, the activities of the Farm Bu reau through the years. The new book, which may well I I be considered necessary equip-; ment for all Farm Bureau lead ers at county, state, or national level, will be of to members of all pvS families. '? ^ The volume is feu , cd b>- the Amerlcar'!*'? reau Federation. **] (pi?s that to grow may be suf?*l Internal parasitism. ^ Sell Your Tobacco IN TABOR CITY AND BUY YOUR MEATS Staple ?? Fancy GROCERIES FROM Hodges Market TABOR CITY New Modern Store ? On Green Sea Highway FREE PARKING ? PHONE 511 YES, SIR! - WE SELL GOOD MUL SELL YOUR TOBACCO TABOR CITY We are honored in having our past mules play such a defi nite part in the production of our Jobacco and food crops an i grateful for the business our customers have given us in the past years, and cordially solicit your continued patronage. (1ur stock of mules arc of the b?.-t quality. Come in when you ;ilC rlady to trade. WAGONS - HARNESS - MULES Roland Baldwin & Sen MULE DEALER TABOR CITY, - - - - ? N.C.
State Port Pilot (Southport, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
July 28, 1948, edition 1
12
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