Bridge-Tunnel Inches
Across Chesapeake Bay
The world’s longest bridge
tunnel is slowly inching across
turbulent seas at the mouth of
Chesapeake Bay.
The 17.6-mile crossing, which is
routed along the edge of the At
lantic Ocean, will link Virginia’s
Eastern Shore peninsula with the
rest of the State near Norfolk.
The mammoth project will cost
139 million dollars and is sche
duled for completion late in 1963.
The first section of tunnel re
cently was installed, the National
Geographic Society reports.
The logistics and magnitude of
the job make it one of the great
engineering feats of the century.
Six months were needed to mobi
lize the millions of tons of equip
ment and material for the struc
ture.
Year-long Survey
Surveyors worked a year to
chart a passage across the open
water. As neither shore is visible
from the central portion, the
United States Coast and Geode
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H. F. KINCAID
Your Telephone Manager
PREPARING gift iists for Christmas? Here’s a sugges
tion: Include Phoneland in your Christmas shopping this
year.
WHAT IS PHONELAND? It’s a whole “department
store selection” of phones and phone services—something
for nearly everyone on your list. Here are just a few gift
ideas from Phoneland.
HOME INTERPHONE — Lets you communicate by
phone throughout the home! You can talk room to room,
call family members to meals, check on children’s activi
ties, even answer the door. Saves time and steps for all
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SOMETHING FOR THE GIRLS—the petite, pretty
Princess extension phone, in five decorator colors, and
with the popular light-up dial. You can be sure that any
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own. And you can be sure she’ll appreciate your thought
fulness in giving her a Princess.
THERE’S MORE—much more—in Phoneland. Some
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your list! For more gift ideas from Phoneland, just call
our business office or ask any telephone serviceman.
BAD WEATHER? And lots of shopping to be done? No
problem. When you can't leave home, just shop by
phone!
tic Survey compounded positions
for nine ocean towers to serve as
guideposts.
The two-lane crossing will con
sist of 11.9 miles of low-level
trestle; 1.7 miles of earth-fill
causeway; two bridges over minor
channels, totaling 5,151 feet; and
the 5,738-foot Thimble Shoals
Tunnel and 5,450-foot Baltimore
Channel Tunnel, both passing be
neath major naval and commer
cial shipping lanes.
Four man-made islands, built
up from dredged sand, are rising
from the Bay bottom to join the
tunnels with surface sections of
the crossing. Each island will
cover about eight acres.
A $3,500,000 concrete precast
ing plant was built at Cape
Charles, Va. to manufacture
trestle parts for the project. The
bridge-tunnel will require 3,000
hollow concrete piles, 550,000
yards of concrete, and 55,000 tons
of steel.
“Walking” Pile Driver
Ten-foot-high waves present a
major construction problem in
winter. Even when the ocean ap
pears calm, there are swells of
three or four feet.
Because of the rough seas, en
gineers have designed a “walk
ing” pile driver. The rig has four
100-foot “legs,” each with a pon
toon at its base to prevent it
from sinking into the soft bot
tom. The platform holding the
pile driver is well above the
reach of the waves.
Another device, called the
“Two-headed Monster,” moves on
rails across the tops of piles sunk
in groups of three. One boom
levels the pile tops, while an
other caps them with concrete.
The Monster is followed by a
traveling derrick that lays pre
fabricated roadway sections over
the capped piles. Installation of
guard rails, lighting, and asphal
tic surfacing completes the
trestle.
The two tunnels literally will
be built on shore and assembled
underwater. The sections are
double-walled steel tubes, each
about 300 feet long and 37 feet
in diameter.
The interior of each section is
partly completed at a Norfolk
pier. Concrete is poured between
the inner and outer shells until
the tube is barely afloat. It is
then towed to the tunnel site,
maneuvered into place, and filled
with enough concrete to sink it
gently into a trench at the bot
tom.
Divers join the sections. Con
struction crews progressively cut
through the steel bulkheads to
complete installation of the road
way, ventilation and communica
tion systems, and power lines.
The new bridge-tunnel, which
replaces a fleet of ferries, will
cut the Bay crossing time by an
hour. It closes the last water
gap in the heavily traveled Ocean
Highway from Portland, Maine,
to Miame, Fla.
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TV Program Schedule
WECT, CHANNEL 6
WILMUi GTON, N. a
Thursday, December 7
6:30 Farm Beat
7:00 Today
9:00 History
9:30 Science
10:00 Say When
10:30 Play Your Hunch
11:00 Price Is Right
11:30 Concentration
12:00 Truth or Conseq.
12:30 Could Be You
1:00 Spanish
1:25 News
1:30 AS World Turns
2:00 Variety Showcase
2:30 Loretta Young
3:00 Young Dr. Malone
3:30 From These Roots
4:00 Room for Daddy
4:30 Edge of Night
5:00 Showtime
6:00 Ben McDonald
6:30 Football Forecast
6:55 Weather, News
7:15 Huntley-Brinkley
7:30 Real McCoys
8:00 Donna Reed
8:30 Dr. Kildare
9:30 Hazel
10:0OSing With Mitch
11:00 Wea., News. Spts.
Friday, December 8
6:30 Farm Beat
7:00 Today
9:00 History
9:30 Science
10:00 Say When
10:30 Play Your Hunch
11:00 Price Is Right
11:30 Concentration
12:00 Truth or Conseq,
12:30 Could Be You
1:00 Frank Hall
1:25 News
1:30 As World Turns
2:00 Variety Showcase
2:30 Loretta Young
3:00 Young Dr. Malone
3:30 From These Roots
4:00 Room for Daddy
4:30 Edge of Nigiii
5:00 Kukla & Ollie
5:05 Popeye
5:30 Ozzie & Harriet
6:00 Ben McDonald
6:30 Potential Unlimited
6:40 Sports
6:55 Weather, News
7:15 Huntley-Brinkley
7:30 My Three Sons
8:00 Flintstones
8:30 Capt. of Detectives
9:30 Telephone Hour
10:30 Medic
11:00 Wea., News, Spts.
Saturday, December 9
8:30 Unto My Path
9:30 Pip The Piper
10:00 Shari Lewis
10:30 King Leonardo
11:00 Fury
11:30 Room for Daddy
12:00 Update
12:30 Mr. Wizard
1:00 R.C.M.P.
1:30 Ind. on Parade
1:45 Time For Valor
2:00 Missile Bowl
4:30 Big Picture
5:00 Days Ahead
5:30 Steve Allen
6:30 News
6:35 Sports
7:00 Here And Now
7:30 Wells Fargo
8:30 Tall Man
9:00 Saturday Movies
11:00 Naked City
12:00 Wrestling
Sunday, December 10
12:00 Herald of Truth
12 :30 This is the Life
1:00 The Answer
1:30 Oral Roberts
2:00 Pro-Football
4:30 Popeye
4:45 Art Linkletter
5:00 Wisdom
5:30 Chet Huntley
6:00 Meet The Press
6:30 1, 2, 3, Go
7:00 General Bullwinkle
7 • ‘i0 Walt Disney
8:30 Car 54
9:00 Bonanza
10:00 Hosp. Ship Hope
11:00 Adventures
Monday, December 11
6:30 Caro. Farm Boat
7:00 Today
9:00 History
9:30 Science
10:00 Say Whei:
10:30 Play Ycur Hunch
H:oo Price is Right
11:30 Concentration
12:00 Truth or Conseq.
12:30 Could Be You
1:00 Science
1:26 News
1:30 As World Turns
2:00 Variety Showcase
2:30 Loretta Young
3:00 Young Dr. Malone
3:30 From These Roots
4:00 Room For Daddy
4:30 Edge of Night
5:00 Kukla & Ollie
5:05 Popeye
5:30 Funday Funnies
6:00 Ben Macdonald
6:30 Pilgrims Quartet
6:55 Weather, News
7:15 Huntley-Brinkley
7:30 Cheyenne
8:30 Price Is Right
9:00 Bing Crosby
9:30 The Third Man 1
10:00 Thriller
11:00 Wea., News, Spts.
Tuesday, December 12
6:30 Caro. Farm Beat ■
7:00 'roday
9:00 History
9:30 Science
iu:00 i'.a.y When
10:30 Play Your Hunch
11:00 Price Is Right
11:30 Concentration
12:00 Tri th or Con.
12:30 Could Be You
1:00 Elem. Spanish
1:2* News
1 • ?0 As the World Turns j
2:00 Variety Showcase i
2:30 Loretta Y'oung
3:00 Young Dr. Malone
3:30 From These Roots
4:00 Room for Daddy
4:30 Edge of Night
5:00 Kukla & Ollie
5:05 Popeye
5:30 Father
6:00 Ben McDonald
6:30 Military Log
6:55 Weather, News
7:15 Huntley-Brinkley
7:30 Beachcomber
8:00 Bachelor Father
8:30 Alfred Hitchcock
9:00 Dick Powell
10:00 Broadway
11:00 Wea., News, Spts.
Wednesday, December 13
6:30 Farm Beat
7:00 Today
9:00 History
9:30 Science
10:00 Say When
10:30 Play Your Hunch
11:00 Price Is Right
11:30 Concentration
12:00 Truth or Conseq.
12 :30 Could Be You
1:00 Music
1:25 News
1:30 As World Turns
2:00 Variety Showcase
2:30 Loretta Young
3:00 Young Dr. Malone
3.30 Roots
4:00 Room for Daddy i
4:30 Edge of Night
5:00 Kukla & Ollie
5:05 Popeye
5:30 Huckleberry Hound
6:00 Ben McDonald
6:30 Variety Showcase
6:55 Weather, News
7:15 Huntley-Brinkley
7:30 Wagon Train
8:30 Joey Bishop
9:00 Bob Hope Show
10:00 Bob Newhart
10:30 Brinkleys Journal
11:00 Wea., News, Spts.
Stone Age Meets Space Age ‘
In Netherlands New Guinea
Despite rockets and atomic
power, the human race has not
fully emerged from the Stone
Age.
In the wilds of Netherlands
New Guinea, there are people
who have never seen a metal
implement. They chip their tools
from stone as did the ancestors
of Europeans thousands of years
ago, the National Geographic So
ciety says.
Some New Guineans fight with
spears, wear little or no cloth
ing, and regard head-hunting as
an honorable duty. They sell wo
men in marriage, accepting atone
axes or beads in return. Many
New Guinea tribesmen have never
seen a foreign, and believe air
planes passing overhead are great
spirits.
Major Milestone
The Dutch Government is try
ing to introduce self-rule to the
people of Netherlands New
Guinea, the western part of the
world's largest island after
Greenland. Recently the first
elected legislative council was in
augurated at the capital, Hollan
dia.
Queen Juliana of the Nether
lands hailed the ceremony as “the
first step on the road that leads
to the exercise of the right of
self-determination-.” She added:
“May this road prove to be a
short one.”
It may be short, but no one
believes that progress will be
painless. Despite their keen na
tive intelligence, New Guinea's
inhabitants—known collectively as
Papunans—find it difficult to
learn Western ways and adjust to
a new order.
Netherlands New Guinea is
about the size of California, but
the number of people is not
known. Tribesmen live to them
selves in so many different units,
each with its own customs and
speech, that it is unusual to find
more than 10,000 in a single lan
guage group. The population esti
mate for the whole of the terri
tory is some 700,000.
The name “Papuan” is about
the only common bond. There is
hardly any distinguishing trait or
skill, custom or tool familiar to
all Papuans inhabiting the coun
try.
Slat Sage and Taro
Pygmy Papuans live in the
forest highlands, taller tribes in
the lowlands, The hill people cul
tivate sweet potatoes and taro,
an edible rootstock. Sago flour
prepared from the pith of a palm
is the mainstay of the lowland
diet. The lowlanders support
themselves with comparatively
little work and have developed
elaborate religions, including pro
longed mask dances, sacred club
houses for men, and mystic cere
monials.
Europeans first saw New
Guinea in 1511 when a Portu
guese ship visited the island.
Dutchmen began trading with is
landers early in the 17th cen
tury. In 1885, the Netherlands
control over western New Guinea
was recognized by an internation
al agerement. Germany and
Britain took over the eastern
part, but their territories are
now administered by Australia.
Dutch control is vigorously con
tested by Indonesia in a dispute
that began when Indonesia be
came a nation in 1949. Consulta
tion with the Papuans is largely
RE-DECORATE
YOUR HOME OR BUSINESS FOR
CHRISTMAS
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GIFT SUGGESTIONS
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Phone PL 4-2500 Shallotte, N. C.
GLEN WILLIAMSON — ALTON MILLIKEN
Expect Colder Winters
The world can expect slightly
colder winters during the next
few years, but they probably will
be only a brief reversal in a
worldwide warming over the next
two or three centuries.
Climatologists admit that their
attempts to forecast weather on
the basis of past cycles are risky.
Most agree, however, that the
world has grown warmer in the
past half-century. Average tem
peratures in the Northern Hemis
phere have risen about one de
gree Fahrenheit, the National
Geographic Society says.
Short-term reverses have in
terrupted the general warming
trend. Some climatologists be
lieve the world now is in such a
period. Taking past reverses as a
guide, the current cold interval
should end about 1965.
Warming Changes World
The over-all warming since
1900 has had a wide variety of
effects. On the Canadian prairies,
the crop line has moved 50 to 100
miles north. In parts of northern
New England and eastern Cana
da, warmer weather has killed
birch trees; spruce and balsam
have suffered. In Sweden the
timber line has climbed as high as
65 feet up mountain slopes since
1930.
The mockingbird, once the
avian symbol of the American
South, now awakens New York
ers. The cardinal flashes .at ever
more northerly points. Turkey
vultures soar over Massachusetts.
White egrets stalk through Mid
dle Atlantic marshes.
Opossums rarely went north of
Virginia 50 years ago; now they
are common in Massachusetts.
Deer, moose, raccoons, and bad
gers have extended their range
northward.
Even fish are migrating. The
cod, once unknown in Greenland,
has become a food staple of the
Eskimos. Tuna have moved into
the waters off New England;
tropical flying fish are seen off
New Jersey.
Glaciers have retreated in many
areas. In Waterton-Glacier Inter
national Peace Park on the Unit
ed States-Canadian border, sev
eral of the largest glaciers have
disappeared in the 20th century.
For a while it looked as if all
might melt. Since 1950, however,
they have held, their own.
The sea level rose measurably
during a recent 18-year period
impracticable, since most have
never heard of either Indonesia
or the Netherlands.
Economically, there is little on
the island to excite cupidity. The
few oil deposits are reported near
exhaustion. Nickel and cobalt re
when the effect of melting polar
ice was studied. British clime -1
tologist C. E. P. Brooks has est'
mated that a worldwide tempera
ture rise of only two degrees
would eventually melt the polar
icecaps, thus adding millions of
cubic miles of water to the
oceans. Sea water would partly
submerge New York, London, and
other coastal cities.
Ice Age Not Over
Some climatologists believe the
earth is stiil emerging from the
last ice age, which reached its
climax about 10,000 years ago.
Ice ages seem to come in series
separated by long, tropical epochs
of about 250,000,000 years’ dura
tion.
During the past million years,
at least four ice advances have
occurred. If the cycle is not yet
at an end, the next ice age might
be expected in 10,000 to 15,000
years. Glaciers could once again
creep across North America and
Europe, swallowing up much of
man’s present habitat.
As the sun is practically the
sole source of energy for the
atmosphere, extremes of climafe
may be due to variations in radia
tion. Changes in the earth’s or
bit around the sun could also in
crease or decrease the amount of
radiation that it receives.
Fluctuations in the amount of
carbon dioxide gas in the atmos
phere may also affect the climate.
Carbon dioxide absorbs long-wave
infrared radiation, and thus helps
retain the heat received from the
sun.
When State scored 38 points
against South Carolina it was
four points more than the Wolf
pack had tallied in its five pre
vious games. Both State and its
opponents have each scored 129
points this year in nine games.
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