11' SIMONDS' REVIEW OF THE WAR O THE SUNDAY CITIZEN, ASHEVILLE, N. 0., OCTOBER 20, 1918. o 0 o 0 Q MSDOVtls-ht. by Ths Tribune Amrla Hod The Neaj Tatk Tribune! President Wilson's response to the Qerman note haa cleared the atmns eaere and placed squarely upon -he shoulders of th German rovirninfnt lb responsibility (or th uucctoa or a "OS th failure of l:a effect lo cot an rm:i tlo. Wl:b th preliminary conditions outlined In Mr. Wilson's two nole-... the German haa to comply If ha (Inrtrea to continue his application for an arm li ne. If h continue hla aip!lHon. cm tt will b the duty of the pro sl ant to tranemlr any further nM!n- lhn to th governments of our Allies ana, la concert with I hem. frame a re sponse. What wa (halt next have In iaso th Otrmin la ready to surrender, la a formal request made of the presi dent or mad of th Allied govern ments, collectively, for an armistice. . It la trot that tha Germane have mad thalr appeal to th president and not to Marthal Koch, but It I equally true that th president hai bee aaked to act merely aa th mes senger to tranamlt to all th allied governments the German requeat for an armistice, and that th president, ,llke th xoutlve of all other gov ernments, will not aot upon th Ger man proposal ear upon th advice of Marshal Foch. Let us be perfectly clear at th out sat that th requeat for an armistice la a military matter, to be acted upon In the light of military Jndgment. Our armies are advancing; from the Mouse to th aea; th German has been beaten In every encasement for four months, and hla axmlea are being poanded to pi, I this situation he asks for a aaMmn of hostilities. Th answer majH that there can be a oessatlon of hoa. Utas only when he compile with th oondltiona which would result from a continuance of th struggle and threfor are within th right af th victor to deramna. In th present situation these con ditions are, obviously demobilisation, eraonatlon of eonquared allied terri tory and arreament to the occupation of genuinely German territory, not for nnrnnMI ararrandlzemant. but as a guarantee of tha latar compliance of ma uermmii iw numi ....... clalons of tho allied countries In th matter of peace terms. On the map this meana th permanent evacuation of Franc, Belgium and Ruasla, to gether with Alsace-Lorraine, and the temporary occupation by th allla of tha left or west bank of th Rhine from Holland to gwltterland. Now, the German gesture means one of two things. It either meana that Germany la prepared to surrender or is seeking to repeat her success of 1916, when har peace offensive broke th home fronts of her enemies and nearly won the war for her.- We may reason that It la a genuine pursuit of peace, beci use the military conauions of today are ao different from those of 1916; but we have no rlirht to as sume that It Is an unqualified appli cation for peace until It fa revealed to be such by German tender of ap propriate guarantees. It Is nothing more than a "scrap of paper" until It Is secured; there can be no other ae curlty than that of territory. We are In this situation: We have all been attacked, and we have after four years reached the point whare our assailant asks u.uto "let .jip" on him. We have got him down and he la rapidly becoming helpless, but If w do 'let up" now he may be able to fight again, and we may be unable to fight again, ana we may ne unaum without new and even greater efforts and. sacrifice to compel him to comply With our just demands, wnicn are mat ha should pay for the damages In flicted, for our Injuries and restore to us what he haa stolen from us recent ly and ta th past. All thla la Foch's business. It Is not funking peace; It la not settling the ajueatlon of permanent peace. It m only miking aure that peace can be arranged it is only maKing sure mai we era not again lace to race wun our ld foe. when he has got his breath !nd hla strength back and finds him self on a convenient line 01 aerense. ft Is easier to continue tha present fight than to begin all over again; we Miv wA o 1 tint hav tn oavn vuv " - - jbegln all ever again by insisting upon guarantee. Th first step la clear. W can not negotiate with Germany; we can not .talk with our foe In arms; w can not do anything hut demand that as the rlc of Interrupting our military (operations ha lay aside all of his weapons. Thla la unconditional sur-; render; but there la no other kind of surrender, and our enamy la not beaten until he surrenders. Anything else would be a sham and a subter fuge, a loss of all that we have gained by fighting. j If Germany la beaten. If her pro posal flows from her defeat and hi r.wide In good faith, she will romjil). he will surrender. If l( Is not niatlu In good fitih. then she will realm; but her reiUtan.-e will be on the battle field, and w can deal with that easily and completely. Hhe will s!mpl choose to protons; tha conflict a lltlla sr.d have her aword struck from her hand, that In at!. Next week or next )ear she will have to surrender and we shall have lost nothing liut If he surrender and agree unconditionally to theme terms which Marshal Koch mint dictate, terms which cover what he retard nn the iiereaaury military Insurance against a new Gorman resistance, then lae mili tary expect of the problem will be dis posed of. Then and only then will It be nw!l'!e fur ux, the allied nations, to discus among ourselves the baala for peace. With Germany we shall discuss only the details of ths appli cation of thone term, after we huve .mrmunA nn ths tiirml thamaalvea. This Is where Mr. Wilson end his "four- teen points" come in, not a moment before. We must be clear about all this. Terms of peace settlement have noth ing In ths world to do with au armis tice. They do not beonS' matters of dlHcuoxion until the lighting Is over and ths military derision had. They can not be mentioned by the enemy until he has conquered or surrendered Two contestants msy agres to a truce to endure while peace Id negotiated, but this Is neither sn armistice nor the condition which now exists. There Is no question of a nettotlated peace todsy. We are all agreed aa to this. We mean to have a military decision and then an absolutely untrammelled application of allied peace conditions. Therefore the matter is still In Koch's hands and must remain there until the military phsee Is dlnposed of. Af ter Foch, President WUson can par ticipate, but obviously, unless Foch's work Is done completely, there will be no chanca for the president of ajiy on else to begin the construction 01 nilri W may for a moment assume that Foch has oompleted his work and that the Germane have agreed to sur render unconditionally, to evacuate the rerlona they have occupied, and have consented to an allied occupa tion of the left bank of the Rhine Then we come to the question of peace; then the terms of permanent ttlamant must be fixed by all the al lied natlona In conference, each with equal right to be heard and to have lta will accepted, were is ins puini at which Mr. Wilson's "fourteen' con dttlons at last arrive. But of these fourteen condition we shall see at once that not lees wan five have no bearing In a peace con ference. We are to meet to fix the conditions which are to be exacted of Germany; they ar conamona oasea upon the deeds of Germany and her allies; they have been summed up as conditions which must Include resti tution, restoration and guarantees. But five of Mr. Wllson'a -points con cern the organisation of International society after the war; they deal with open covenants, freedom of naviga tion, tho removal of economic bar riers between nations, .adequate guar antees for the reduction of armaments and finally the constitution of a league of nations. Tnu sra not matters which are properly before a conference engaged in the task of making peace with a beaten enemy. We can not Impose any of these things upon Germany; thr have no value save as voluntarily accepted principles and we nave to Impose on uermany si mv things which will not In the nature of things be accepted voluntarily. We can not reorganize t orld relations at the same time we are liquidating thla war. To undertake thla would be ab surd. One more condition Included In Mr. Wilson's fourteen, that dealing with colonial readjustments, la equally out of the discussion, and for the same readme. We can discuss what disposition we ehall make of German colonies, certainly, and we shall; but this Is another problem entirely. Now there are left of Mr. Wllson'a "points'" eight, which are Indubitably to be put before the allied conference which makes peace term. These are: ( l ) The evacuation of Franc and the righting of the wrong done in 1871; 1 2 i The evacuation of all Russian ter- (S) The evacuation oi oeigian y " ' ',nMMawsjssrs ' ' - V. " jV S 'mm vSkSt.f . ' -, ff,- JS ) X""wMw vWb ) S Yo. 'WM tfmj TO FKANCt UNOONDiriOMM.LV. t. ct,uwJ. 'afjji F t "l "l! tiers on proper line; (T) Th bestowal upon the Turkish fraction of the Ot toman empire of a secure sovereign ty, and upon the other subject na tionalities of security and the oppor tunity for autonomous development; (I) An Independent Polish state should be erected, including all re gions Indisputably Polish and possess ing; secure access to the sea. New, through all these term there run aeveral clear principles. The president demands that the Germans shall retire from .all their conquests, and by Germans he means the central powers . He asks that In all cases the conditions of July, 114, should be re stored. Now. there la no longer any need to debate this point; the allied victories have settled the fate of Bel glum, France, Italy, Serbia and Mon tenegro so far as they existed In ltl. We may dismiss from the reckoning all claims once advanced by Germany, and still pressed, last January, when Mr. Wilson made hla momentous declaration. But the president supplemented this demand for evacuation by a claim for reparation In the sense of restoration so far as Belgium la concerned. Here, too, no debate la conceivable, and there la revealed In the German press a' full recognition that Belgium must he Indemnified. But what of France? When the president spoke there had been no such recurrence of destruction and violence aa haa now turned north era France Into a cinder heap. Cer talnly there must be an indemnity for all this, and the president's words In dicate his belief that wanton damage shouLA-be paid for. We may, then, place at one eld as beyond debate the two principles of evacuation of occupied territory and Indemnification for wanton Injury of all aorta, whether the territory be Bel gian, Italian or French. We may ac cept aa fundamental facts In discuss ing peace the determination of Mr. Wilson, speaking for this oountry. to compel the Germans to make restitu tion of stolen territory and restoration In the case of property and wealth either stolen and removed from Ger many or laid in ashes by German "terrlbleness." But the application of thla principle Austria and the Balkans. Mvre he Is plainly moved by the same underly ing notion. He meanu thai the vari ous nationalities shall he HKnuied the right to live their own liven In accord ance with their own customs, faith, language. But bsbk i January, 191s, there have been nasuiV changes In the east and south of Europe, largely the result of the Russia i revolution and the German actions expressed in the treaties of Brest-l.ltovnk and Buc harest. We have ourselves subscribed to the freedom of the rsecho-8lo- slsn, circles In which the roles are the redresnlng of the Immediate cluirly a majorl'y, you will deprive i wrongs of the present conflict ex- Germany of niui.ii of HilexU, all of Posen nsd a considerable fraction of both Kast and West Prussia. UrhI l'ruasla will be iHolated from the main German mass by a strip of territory extending down the west bank of the Vistula to the Baltic at Dansig; a hos tile frontier will be carried almost to Frankfort-on-Oder. and- this within striking distance of Berlin Itself. But, by contrast, without posen and anln an fnw l I. K..II.V. ... vaks, and this nullifies the ancient Poiani will he tnromnl.T. nr. th.,. And notion of preserving Austrla-Hang.iry i wlI1 ,urvlve a poU8h queUon. rlf rtrv territory and the subsequent restora- j goes a little further and Is expressed tlon of Belgium, which means Its In-1 in the demand for the "righting of tne wrong- done to Tanco ana tne cession to Italy of her unredeemed provinces and cities, now, I do not demniflcation; (4) The readjustment of the frontiers or itaiy to inoiuae within them the Italians now under Austrian yolrt and by analogy, this purpose In thla place to discuss again must include the evacuation of Italian 1 the question of Alsace-Lorraine or territories now in Austrian hands; 6) The bestowal of autonomy upon the suDjeci people ei Austria-nun. that of Trieste and the Trentlno. If ! as a federation of autonomous races More than thla, in the JftulUana Bul garia has surrendered, and there re mains no problem for settlement be tween the Balkan states which is properly before any world conference As to Russia, evacuation of all of Russia now held by the Germans dis poses of the first problem; the creation of a free Poland, Including all of the Polish-speaking tribes of Austria, Russia and Germany, erects a barrier between Germany and Russia and eliminates the' Russian phase from Im mediate discussion. We may assume that It will be the mission of the allies, not of Germany, to aid In the restora tion of Russia to sanity and prosperi ty; but since we Insist upon the re tirement of Germany from all Rus sian territory Finland, Lithuania, the Courland, Poland and ths Ukraine this phase la not of Immediate mo ment, Actually th question now arises, What shall b the verdict of the allied world with respeot to Austria T Shall we still act in the spirit of the presi dent as revealed in January, or In the light of the subsequent action of our government and all other governments since T Obviously in the latter fashion, and this means the absolute destruc tion of Austria. It means the erec tion of a Ctecho-Slovak state, includ ing Bohemia, Moravia and the Slovak regions of Hungary. It means the creation of a Jugo-Slavlc state. In eluding all the Austro-Hungarlan ter rltory bstween the Drav, the Ann. atlo and the new frontiers of Italy east of Trieste, this state to be united with Serbia and Montenegro on the south. - Instead of one nation there win then be four, the German-speaking provinces of Austria, the Hungarian sDeaking regions of Hungary, Jugo Slavla and fecho-Slovacia. In addi tion, the Italian-speaking districts will fall to Italy, ana tne Koumanian- wlthout Dansig and a window on the sea the new Poland will be economl- rflllv anil Init n.r Hu t Iv at th. mnrtm nf Germany, exactly as (Serbia was at the uch -n organisation must derive their mercy of Austria-Hungary in the evil i aunoruy irora ir.e i.u ui nanuim, pressed In the conquost and devasta tion of countries attacked by Germany and Auntria, the abolition of certain wrongs surviving from 18(4 and 1871, In the case of Italy and France, which belong actually In the category of the more recent crimes, and finally the liberation of subject races and frac tions of races all over Europe and Asia Minor, and thus the removal of all the more familiar causes for all wara. One these things hav been written Into a treaty of peace, then Mr. Wilson has formulated a program for the organization of the already re organised world on the basis of a leaarue of peace. Hut all programs for times before the present war. And the Berblan grievance was one of the cause of the world conflagration. Finally, nowhere In Europe haa th persecution of a subject race been more brutal than In the Polish circles of Prussia. To turn the Prussian Pole back to the old slavery would thus be to do violence to all the spirit of the president's declaration. Such, briefly, is Mr. Wilson's pro gram of peace, aa modified by events which have occurred since his Janu ary declaration. It divides itself Into when constituted, and are not details in the restoration of peace at the pres ent moment. Having aald these things, I return now for the moment to the discussion of the more immediate question, that of peace. Does Germany mean what she says or Is she conducting a new and even more daring and gigantic peace offensive designed to do two things, to create discord among' th nations fighting her and to deprive the leaders of these national of th sup port of their own publics, while rally Ing her own people to a new saorl- flceT No man Is Just tiled In refusing n rs thA b.uII.IIIIh IL.I n nutny Is acting In good faith, but who can believe It, who can trust th German, until actual guarantees bar been given t In all human probability th ques tion of peace or war will turn on Oe many' willingness to evacuate Alssoe Iorralne. If she Is m earnest and srtlng in good faith, then she will nsree to ths surrender of Meta and MtrsMhiirg, prerlwly as she demanded In July, UH, that France should etarunt Verdun and Eplnal, aa a guarantee of neutrality, flhe wUl I'inwm because there la no other pot Iblllty of gaining an armistice, be- nuaa Koch uud llalg and Pershing are nut going to surrender th ad- untaxes sn rirnrlv purchased In re cent weeks and permit Germany to leorganlte her beaten armies and re new the flsrt In good condition next H. . . IK. hn. A V -I i ill-' 1 1 nn ww i V. . w u J arvflja Hut If German) is nctlng in bad faith, then she will refuse to surrender Meta and Htruaitburg, she will attempt to rouse the people of America, Brit alii anil Italy by arguing that they are kept in the fight because of French ambitions, she will seek to sow discord among her enemies, she will ramble nn a poseible willingness of th presi- dent tn be her advocate, and She Will, calculate that rather than surrender Alsace and terrains her people will consent tn prolong the war, that Ger many will rise to the threat of what will he held hy her to be mutilation, as France rose. In the last day of Louis XIV and again In 1711. Our greatest peril now lies In think ing of the war as over or accent ln the words of the German when these words are not translated Into corre sponding deeds. The German la talk ing peace In acceptable words, but he I. ai.ra.Hlna. ruin nrf an.. h. richest and fairest fields of Europe. Would he continue to do this If he expected on Saturday to make peace with the guaranteed Indemnification of the people of ("amoral? At least It does not seem likely. W have come to the most critical moment In more thkii four years of struggle. We have won the war, we hav beaten the German, but we have not yet reacnea ine point wner we can safely accept hla verbal assur ances that he desires to make peace pn our terms, Bhort of th accept ance by the German of the faot of defeat, ahort of his consent t th ex pression in practical terma of our Tic tory, we can not safely or wisely eon sent to an armistice or permit our selves to believe our labor are at an end. We can not forget that th German attacked the civilised world four year ago and In defiance of all hi written and spoken pledges. We can not forget that for four year he haa con tinued to disregard all pledge until th moment when hi armies were beaten and all chance of a victor' peace escaped him. We must act with this knowledge In mind; we must de mand Immediate guarantee which arlll nrsvsnt a rssumntlon of ths con test under conditions favorabl to Germany next soring. Above all else, we must In our armistice translate our victory in positive terms. Thes terma are the surrender of Alsace-Lorraine and Italia Irredenta, th temporary occupation of th left bank, of the Rhine -from Holland to Swltaerland and th prompt demobili sation of th German army and navy. a-siT: ' The eracuatlrm and restora- bur; Trieste and Trent as a condition tlon of Roumanla, Serbia and Monte- I precedent to any armistice, then It Is .. . (. -itt ut.il th. assurance to Kerbla lnconceivaois uui wisiv suuuw ut of a free arid secure outlet on the sea I any armistice. as i miUmfnunt nt Ratiran . frnn. If Germany can precipitate a d I pate oexween ins uimeu outies a,uu threat isnuuii, do wie ono imnu, tutu Germany and Austria are not pre- Lsneaklnc regions In the Bukowina, in pared to evacuate Met and St rase-1 Transylvania and possibly la the Banat will be united wpn nou mania, MSCOTNT YOUR TAXES The Board of County Commissioners ha authorized me to makm a DISCOUNT OF" I F'ER CENT, on State nd County Taxw 'F PAID IN FULL hy ?ha tyx-pyt dwring the month of OCTOBER: end of ! PER CENT, if "paid during tha montr. of NOVEMBER and DECEMBER. Your Taxes for I9J6 se no due, end ! will be glad that you will meet me or my Deputies at tbt fcllowi&g times and places: Township. ,", Place. , Time. Avery Creek LedBetter'ts Store ..October 2 6, 1918. Lower Hominy Taylor's Shop ........ .October 26, 1918. Uppw Hominy Candler, N.; C October 26, 1918. Ltieevier Leicester, N.'C. ..October 26, 1918. Sand Mush Waldrop's Store '. October 26, 1918. Luanstone Arden, N. C October 26, 1918. Foirvirw Fairview, N. C ..October 2 6, 1918. .Snonoa Swannanoat, N. C ....... .October 26, 1918. R5m Creek Waverville, N. C . . . V. October 26 1918. F.'nt Creekjupiter, N. C . . . .... . . .". . October 26, 1 9 J 8. ivy Maney's Stoie .October 26, 1918. . Bhck Mountain Black Mountain ...... .October 26, 1918. French Broad Morris' Store '.October 26, 1918. OFFICE AT COURT HOUSE OPEN EVERY DAY F- Mfully,' - - C P. GASTON. Tax Collector, Buncombe County. N. C Prance and Italy, on the other, as1 to the necessity for a return to each of it own. then there Is an end of the alliance against Germany; there is a i reopening of th war, witn every pros ! pect of loelnv It; for neither Francs I nor Italy will consent to an armistice In advance of the restoration of what is rightfully theirs. It seems to me that all of us Americana should from the very outset of all peace discus-' ..loua Insist in our own minds and h ought that three things are lmme- i .ntely necessary to demonstrate Ger man good faith. First, the evacuation of territory taken during the war. Sec ond, the evacuation of certain other territory, specifically Alsace-lorralne and the Trieste and Trentlno districts, which are quite a properly bases for an evacuation as Champagne and Venetla. Third, a pledge to restore ravaged and ruined provinces and cities, this pledge to be acoompanied by proper guarantees, of which the occupation of the west bank of th Rhine is the most essential. With this brief statement J shall discuss th questions which involve France, Italy and Belgium, ir uer-, many Is not prepared to comply with the Irreducible minimum which I have Indicated, not on of the western European nations will consent to an armistice. I do not think that there is any more reservation in his declara tions with respect of Alsace-Lorraine than of the Italian Irredenta. I do not believe that there is an American who can read Into the president's de mand for th "righting of th wrong done Franc la. 1871" any other mean ing than that what was then stolen shall now be returned. Nor 40 I be lieve, In the wholly remote contingen cy that such reservation did exist, that the oeool of th United State would 1 agree with th chief executive. On the question or Aisace-Lio trains, ine mind of the American people is made up, and It is mad up In th sense which th French mind Is mad up. All th principle -hlch Mr. Wilson has - subscribed to and eloquently championed in recent months would go into the discard if th wrong of 1171 war perpetuated In 1U. or, for that matter, la Ills. Wa have, in aaaition, to eonsiasr to which Bessarabia, a Roumanian eoeairinar Drovince of old Russia, has already bv voluntary act united itself. Finally, the Pollsh-speaklng regions of Galicla win naturany go 10 mai Poland which Mr. Wilson has already outlined as Including all indisputably polish landa What ' remalna, the Iluthenlan portion pf Galicla, could most properly be assign.d to the Uk raine, to which it belonsi racially and linguistically. Roughly speaking, then, Austria falls Into seven parts, four constituting independent states, three being united to the Italian, Rou manian and Polish etatss, which ad- Join. A modified solution, wnicn ex tended no further than the sesston of the irredenta- to Italy, the Polish dis tricts to Poland, the Roumanian re gions to Roumanla, the Serb prov inces of Bosnia and Henegovlna to Serbia, is the only alternative, but It seems hardly an alternative aner . r.r-na-nltlon all the allied states hav given to the Czecho-Slovaks and sev eral of tnem to mo jueru-omva. a to Turkev. we in America nave no legal right to enter into any dis cussion of the TurKisn ana uuigr , questions, because we have not maa war upon ewner. uui ine soiununa iv be expected are simple and logical We mav expect to aee Bulgaria gel back her Thracian province, north of the Enos-Mldla line, won in the First n.tw mil Inst in tne second: we may expect to see her receive from Roumanla some poruon i "e u" Dobrudja province, also lost in 1918, but unnecessary to the safety of a Roumanla now become a really con siderable state. The Internationaliza tion of the Dardanelles and of Con stantinople, which is a part of Mr wnann's nrosTam. is equally a part of th program of th allies. The re striction of the Turrk to the Ostnanli peopled regions of Anatolia j'"''" both programs, as does a liberated and protected Armenia. As to Meso potamia and Syria, the French and n.ii.h wh have liberated them are likely to stay, with the full approval of the inhabitants: Palestine may be an internationalised state, and ths balance of the Arabian dist riots have already achieved independence under their own sovereign. . - There is left the question of Poland. afi it is the most, difficult of all. It mn eiva to the new Poland, which will Indubitably include Russian and Austrian Polish district and thus be som a state of upwara-ot is,ooe,eoo Three of the -nany fin values in Dwable-DURHAM Hosiery BfG SISTER tie oiif-ze stocking with CKtra wiria Utbe top. Medi um wetfra. Md from tort combed lisU fcaiih yum. 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