bTJNDAY CITIZUN, ASUKVILLE, N. 0, NOVEMBEIt 17, pU
AMBASSADOR : MORGENTHAU.'S 1 ST(MY
0)
'i . By Henry C. Morgenthatt
5'; '
' ' - " '
. (Published by special arrangement with the MeClure Newspaper Syndi
cate. Copyright, 1111, by Doubleday, Page and Co. . All rights reserved.
Copyrighted la Great wrttaln, Canada and Australia. Alt rights reserved
(or France, Belgium. Holland. Italy. Spain, Russia and the Scandinavian
countries.) ,
CHAPTER IV.
Qnrmaay Mobilises Uw Tarklah Army.
la reading tha August newspapers,
which described tha moblliaatlone In
Europe, I waa particularly struck with
tha amphaala which thajr laid upon
: too - aplandld eplrtt that waa over.
Bight changing tha civilian popula-
. tlons Into armies. At that tlma Tur
key bad not entered tha war and har
political leaders war loudly protest
ing than? Intention of maintaining a
strict neutrality. Daaplta thaaa paei
fle statements, tha oeourranoaa In
' Constantinople were almost aa war
Ilka aa tboaa that wara taking place
In ' tba European capitals. Though
Turkey waa at peace, har army waa
mobilising, maraly, wa wara told, aa a
precautionary measure. Tat tha daily
scenes which I wttnaaaad In Oonstanti-
aople bora faw raaemblanoaa to those
which
Europe.
agitating arory elty. or I rinnmnnintinn with nfii
Tha martial patriotism ot' aii h. attempt to conceal
aad tha sublime patlanoa and
aorlfleo of woman, may aomatlmaa
five war aa harolo aspect, but In Tur
ay tba proapaet waa ono of general
llatlaaanaaa aad misery. Zay by day
. tha miscellaneous Ottoman . hordaa
. passed through tha streets. Arabo,
bootless and shoeless, draaaad In thalr
moat gaily colored garments, with
long Unaa bags, containing tha re
quired five days' ration a, throws ovar
. their shouldsrs, shambling In .thalr
salt and bawlldarad In thalr manner.
touehad ahouldera with equally
dlaplrltad Bedouins, evidently aaddan-
' ly anatchad from tha desert, A mot
, lay aggregation of .Turka, Circa aslana.
Greeks, Kuras, Armenians ana Jew.
showing alma of baring been sum.
marlly takan from thalr tar ma and
shops, constantly jostlsd ona anothar.
Moat wara ragged and many lookod
half-starved; everything about thara
suggested hopelessness and a eattie
llke submission to a fata which they
: knew that thay could not .avoid.
There waa no Joy in approaching bat
tle, no feeling that they wara start
llclng themaelvaa for a mighty cause,
day by day they paaaed, tha anwllllng
children of a tatterdemalion empire
- that' waa making ono laat dotpalrtng
attempt to gird itself for action.
Thaao wratchad ' marchers little
-i realised what waa tha power (hat waa
dragging them from tha four cornara
of their- country. Evan wa of tha:
diplomatic group had not then clear
ly graaped - tha real situation, wa
learned afterward that, tha signal for
- thla mobilisation bad not aome orlgi
' nally from Enver or Talaat or tha
Turklab cabinet, but from tha general
ala.fl In Berlin and Ita repraaantatlvaa
In Constantinople, Limm von Ban
dera and Qronssart were really di
recting ' tha ' complicated operation.
There were unmistakable signs of
' Oarman activity. As aoon aa tha Ger
man armlaa crossed tba Rhine, work
eat, were unmistakably Germane. Of
course, the neutrality lawa would
have prohibited the construction of a
wire Is elation for a tielllgorent In n
neutral country lllia Turkey; it wa
therefore binalally annitunced yiat a
Oarman company xg building this
haavan-polntlng structure for the
Turkish government and on tha eul
tan a own property. But thla atorv
deceived no one. Wangenhelm, the
Oermaa ambassador, apoke of It free
ly and eonatantly as a Oarman enter
prise. "Have you seen oar wireless yet 7"
he would ask ma. "Coma. an, lat'a
rlda up there and look It over."
lie proudly told me that It waa the
moat powerful In the world power
ful enough to catch all meaaagea sent
by the Eiffel Tower In Paris! Ha aald
that ' It would put him In constant 1
Bo little
Ita Oar-
was begun on a mammoth' wlrelees
station a law miles outside Of Con
, stantlnople. - Tba materials all come
from Germany by way of Roumanla,
and the skilled mechenksa, Industri
eusly working from daybreak to aun-
man ownership that several times.
when ordinary talegraphlo communi
cation waa auspended, ha offered to
let mo use It to send my telegrams.
This wireless plant was an outward
ymooi or - the close tneugb unac
knowledged association which than
existed between Turkey and Berlin.
It took aome time to finish auch an
extonalve station and In tha Interim
Wangenhelm waa using tha apparatus
on tha Coroovado, a Oarman merchant
ship which waa lying In the Boa-
Dhorua onnosft tha ftftrmnn AmhaMv
For practical DurDoaea. Wans-enhelnf
bad a constant telephone connection
witn Benin,
German officers were almost as ae-
tlve aa tha Turka themaelvae In this
mobilisation. They enjoyed It all im
mensely; indeed they gave every elgn
that thay were havlna- tha tlma of
their Uvea, Bronaaart. Humann. and
Lafferta were constantly at Enver's
aioow, advising and directing the
operation German officers wera
rushing through the streets every day
in nuge automobiles, all requisitioned
from the civilian population; they
filled all the reatalrants and amuse
ment places at. night, and celebrated
their joy In the altuatlon try consum
ing large quantities of chamoaane
also requisitioned. A oartlcularlv
apeotaeular and noisy figure was that
of Voa der Golta Pasha. He was
constantly making a kind of vlceraral
progreas inrougn tne atraata In a
huge and madly dashing automobile,
on both aldee of which flaring Gar-
man eagles were painted. A trumpeter
on ine rroni seat would blow loud,
defiant blasts aa the conveyance rush
ed along, and woe to any one, Turk
or non-Turk, who happened to get
In the way! The Germans made no
attempt to conceal their conviction
that they owned this town. Just as
Wangenhelm had established a little
fWilhelmatraase In his embassy, so
naa tne German military men estab
lished a aub-atatlon of the Berlin
genera! staff. They even brought
their wives and families from Ger
many; I beard Baroness Wangenhelm
remark that aha waa holding a little
court at tne Uermaa embassy.
Tha Uermanx however, ware
about the only people who were en-
Joying tha proceeding. The requi
sitioning that aooompanled the mo
bilisation really amounted to a whole
sale looting of the civilian population.
Tha Turka took all the horses, mules,
camels, aheep, cows, and other beasts
that thay could lay thalr banda on:
Enver told me that they had gathered
In 110,00 animate. Thay did It moot
unlntalllgaotly, making no provision
for tha continuance of the species;
thus they would leave only two cows
or two mare In many of tha villages
This hvstem of reiulH loiitna, aa I
rtiiill (irsrrlhe, had the inevitable re
sult of di ru) lute the nation's agri-
uuliui-H, and ultimately led to the.
r, . I i i . i k 1 1 ii it r il . rk.n....l
of people. But the Turka, like the
Oermana, thought that tha war was
destined to be a very short one, and
that they would quickly recuperateJ
irvn wiv injurira witacu inwir uivm-
ods of supplying an army were caus
ing their peasant population. The
government showed precisely the
aarae ahameleaaneea and lack of In
telligence In "the way that they re
quisitioned materials from merchants
and shopmen. These proceedings
amounted to little leea than conscious
blghwaymanahlp. But practically
nona of these merchants were aloa
lama; moat of them were Christiana
though there were a few Jews; and
the Turkish ofQclals therefore not
only provided the needa of their army
and Incidentally lined thalr own
pockets, but they found a religious
Joy in pillaging the Infidel establish
ments. They would enter 'a retail
shop, take prkotlcally all tha mer
chandise on the ahalvea, and give
merely a piece of paper In acknowl
edgement. Aa the government had
never paid for the supplies which It
had taken In the Italian and Balkan
wars, the merchants hardly expected
that they would ever receive anything
for theaa latest requlaltlona. After
ward many who understood official
dom, and were politically influential.
did recover to the extent of aeventy
per cent. what became of the re
maining thirty per cent. Is not a secret
to those who have had axperienoe
with Turkish bureaucrata. v
Thus for most of the population re
quisitioning aimply meant financial
ruin. That tha process waa merely
puiaging is anown by many of the
materials wnicn tne army took, os
tensibly for the use of the soldiers.
Thus the officers seised all the mohair
tney could find; on occasion thsy even
carried 611 women's silk stockings.
corseia, ana oaoys slippers, and I
heard of one ease in which thsy re
inforced the Turkish commissary with
caviar and other dellcaolea. They de
manded blankets from ons merchant
who waa a dealer in women's under
wear; becauae he sad no euoh stock,
they seised what he had. and ha af
terward saw his appropriated roods
reposing In rival establishments. Ths
runts am tne same .thing in many
other casea. The prevailing system
waa to take movable property wher
ever available and convert It into
cash; where the money ultimately
went I do not know, but that many
private fortunea were made I have
little doubt. I told Enver that thla
ruthless method of mobilising and i
requisitioning was destroying his
country. Misery and atarvatlon aoon
began to afflict the land. - Out -of a
4.000,000 adult male population more
than 1,600,000 were ultimately enlist
' ed and so about a million families
ware left without breadwinner, all
of them la a condition of extreme
destitution. The Turkish governmsat
paid ita soldiers twenty-five cents a
month, and gave ths families a sepa
ration allowance or 11.10 a month.
Aa a result thouaanda were dying
rroni iaca or rood and many snore
were enfeebled by malnutrition; I be
lieve that the empire haa lost a quar
ter of Ita Turkish population since
the war started. I aaked Enver why
ne permitted hie people to be de
atroyed in thla way. But sufferings
use tnese aid not distress bim. He
waa much Impraraed by hie success In
raising a large army with practically
no money eomethlng, he boasted,
which no other nation had ever done
before. In order to accomplish, this,
Enver had Issued orders which etla
matlssd ths evasion of military ser
vice as desertion and therefore pun
ishable with the death penalty. He
also adopted a scheme by which any
Ottoman oeuld obtain exemption by
the payment of about llto. Still En
ver regarded his accomplishment as
a notable one. It was really his first
taste of unlimited power and he en
joyed the experience greatly.
- That the . Germane directed thla
mobilisation la not a matter of
opinion but of proof. 1 I need only
mention that the Germans wsre re
quisitioning materials In their own
name for their own uses. I have a
photographic copy of such a requisi
tion mads by Humann. tha German
naval attache, for a ahlpload of oil
cake. Thla document la dated Sep
tember St, 114. "The lot by the
ateamahlp Dertndje which you men
tioned In your letter of the twenty,
sixth." thla paper reada, "baa been
requisitioned by me for the German
government." Thla- clearly shows
that, a month before Turkey had en
tered the . war, Germany was really
exercising the powers of sovereignty
at Constantinople.
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CHAPTER V.
Wangenbelm Smrurirle the) "Gorton"
and the "Brr-Uao" Throngta
the Dardanelles.
On August 10, I went out on a little
launch to meet the Bloilla, a small
Italian ahlp which had just arrived
from Venice. I waa especially inter
ested In thia vessel because she waa
bringing to Constantinople my son-in-
law and daughter, Mr. and Mrs. Mau
riee Wortholm, and their three little
daughters. The greeting proved even
more Interesting than I had expected.
I found the passengers considerably
excited, for they had witnessed, the
day before! s, naval engagement In the
Ionian sea.
We were .lunching yesterday on
deck," my daughter told me, "when I
saw two strange-looking vessels Just
above the horizon. I ran for the
glassee and made out two large bat
tleships, the first one with two queer,
exotic-looking towers and the other
one quite an ordinary-looking battle'
ahlp. We watched and aaw anothar
ahlp coming up behind them and go
ing very fast. Bhe came nearer and
nearer and then we heard guns boom
ing. Pillars of water sprang up In
the air and there were many little
puSa of white smoke. It took me
some time to realise what It was all
about, and then it burst upon me that
we were actually witnessing an en
gagement The ships continually
shifted their position but went on and
on. The two big ones turned and
rushed furiously for the little one,
and than annarentlv thev chanaad
1 their minds and turned back. Then
the little one 'turned around and
calmly steamed in our direction. At
first I was somswhat alarmed at thla.
but nothing happened. ' She circled
around ua with har tars excited and
grinning and somewhat grimy. They
signalled to our captain many ques
tions, and then turned and finally dis
appeared. The captain told ue that
the two big ships were Oermana
which had been caught In the Medi
terranean and which were trying to
escape from the British fleet. He said
that the British ships ars chasing
thenr-ell over the Mediterranean, and
that the German, ahipa are trying to
get into Constantinople. Have you
seen anything of themT where do
you suppose the British fleet Is?"
A fsw hours afterward I happened
to meet Wangenhelm. When I told
him what Mrs. Kerthelm hard seen.
he displayed an agitated Interest. Im
mediately after lunch he called at the
American embassy with Pallavlclnl,
the Austrian ambassador, and aaksd
for an interview with my daughter.
The two ambassadors solemnly plant
ed tnemselves in chairs berore Mrs.
Werthelm and subjected her to a most
minute, though yery polite, cross-ex-
arfllnatlon. "I never felt so import
ant in my life," she afterward told
me. They would not permit her to
leave out a single detail: they wished
to know how many shots had been
fired, what direction the German ahlps
naa taxen, wnat everybody on board
had said, and ao on. The visit seemed
to give these allied ambassadors im-
menus relief and satisfaction, for they
left the house In an almost Jubilant
mood, behaving as though a great
weight had been taken off wielr minds.
And certainly they had good reason
for their elation. My. daughter had
been the means of giving them the
news which they had desired to hear
above everything else that the
Qoeben and the Breslau had escaped
the British fleet and were then steam
ing rapidly in the direction ot the
Dardanelles.
For it was those famous German
ships, the Qoeben and the Breslau,
which my daughter had seen engaged
in battle with a British scout ship!
The next day official business called
me to the German embassy. But
Wangenhelra's animated manner soon
disclosed that he had no interest in
routine matters. - Never had I seen
him so nervous and so excited. He
could not rest in his chair more than
a few minutes at a time; he waa con
stantly Jumping up, rushing to the
window and looking anxiously out to
ward the BosDhorus. where his nrl-
vate wireless station, the Corcovado,
lay arjout three-quarters 01 a mile
away, wangenheim's race waa flush- i
ed and his eyes were shining: he
would stride up and down the room,
speaking now of a recent German
victory, now giving me a little fore
cast of Germany's plans and then he
would stalk to the window again for
another look at the Corcovado.
"Something is seriously distracting
you,", I said rising. I will go and
come again some other time."
"No. no!" the ' ambassador almost
shoutld. "I want you to stay right
where you are. This will be a great
day for Germany) . If you will only
remain for a few minutes you will
hear a great piece of news some
thing that has the utmost bearing i
upon Turkey's relation to the war."
Tben he rushed out on the portico
and leaned over the balustrade. At
the same moment I saw a little launch
put out from the Coroovado toward
the ambassador's dock. ' Wangenhelm
hurried down, seised an envelope
from one of the sailors and a mo
ment afterward burst Into the room
"We've got them!" he afaowtel to
me. . , -
"Oot whatr I aaked.
"The Ooebea aad the Bros las) have
passed through the Dardanelleer
He waa waving the wireless Mes
sage with all the enthusiasm of a col
lage boy whose football team has woo
a victory.
Then, momentarily checking his
enthusiasm, he same tip to roe Sol
emnly, humorously shook his forefin
ger, lifted his eyebrows and said. "Of
course, you understand that we have
som tnose ships 10 Turkey "
"And Admiral Bouchon," he added
with another wink, "will enter the
suiien s servioei
Wangenhslm had more than oatrl
otic reasons for this exultation: tha
arrival or tnese snips was the great
eat day in his diplomatic career. It
was really the first diplomatic vlotory
which Germany had won. For veara
the chancellorship ot the empire had
been Wangenheim's laudable ambi
tion, aad he behaved now like a man
who saw his prise within his green.
The voyage of the Ooebea aad the
Breslau was his personal triumph; he
had arranged with the Turkish eabl.
net for their passage through the Dar
danelles, and he had directed their
movements by wireless In tha Medi
terranean. By safsly getting, the
Ooeben and the Breslau Into Constan
tinople, Wangenhelm had
ellnched Turkey aa Germany's ally.
All his Intrigues and plottlnga for
tnree years nad now Anally aucceeded.
tl doubt If any two ships havs ex
ercised a greater Influence upon his
tory than theae two Oarman cruisers.
Few of us at that tlms realised their
great importance, but subsequent de
velopments nave fully -Justified Wan
genheim's exuberant satisfaction. The
Goeben was a powerful battle cruiser
or reoent construction; the Breslau
was not so large a ahlp, but she, like
the Goeben, had the excessive speed
that made her extremely serviceable
In those waters. These ships had
spent the few months preceding the
war cruising in the Mediterranean
and when the declaration Anally came
they were taking on supplies at Mes
sina. I have alwaya regarded it as
more than coincidence that thess two
vessels, both of thsm having a greater
speed than any French or English
ships In ths Mediterranean, should
have been lying not far from Turkey
when war broke out The selection
of the Goeben was particularly for
tunate, as ehe had twice before visited
Constantinople and her officers and
man knew the Dardanelles perfectly.
The behavior of these crews, when
the news of war was received, indi
cated the spirit with which the Ger
man navy began hostilities; the men
broke Into singing and shouting. lifted
their admiral upon their ahouldera,
and held a German jollification. It Is
said that Admiral Bouchon preserved.
a touching souvenir of this occa-
aion, his white uniform bearing the
finger prints of his grimy sailora!
For all their joy at the prospect of
battle, the situation of these ahlps waa
still a precarious ens. They formed
no match for the large British and
French naval forces which were
roaming through the Mediterranean.
The Goeben and the Breslau were far
from their native bases: with the
coaling problem such an acute one,
and with England in possession of all
important stations, where could they
flee lor safety? Bevsral Italian de
stroyers .were circling around the
German ships at Measina, snforclng
neutrality and occasionally reminding
ai may could remain la port
only twenty-four hours. . England had
ahlps stationed at the Oulf of Otranto,
the bead of the Adrlatla, to out them
off In ease they sought te escape Into
the Austrian poft of Pole. The Brit
ish navy also stood guard at Gibral
tar aad Buss, the only other exits that
apparently offered the possibility of
escape. There was only ons other
place la which the Ooeben and the
ureaiau might find a safs and friend
ly reception. That waa Constantino
ple. Apparently the British navy
aiamiaaaa in is as aa impossibility. At
that time, eerly la August. Interna
tional law had not entirely disappear
ed aa ins guiaing conduct of nations.
Turkey waa then a neutral country.
and, deaplte the many evidences of
uerman nomination, she seemed
likely to maintain her neutrality. The
treaty of Parte, which was signed in
IStt, as well as the. treaty of Lon
don, signed In 1171, provided that
warships should not use the Darda
nellee except by the special permis
sion ef the sultan, which eould be
granted only In times of peace. In
practice the government had aeldom
given thla permission except for cere
monial oooaalone. Under the axlstlna
oonamons it
eve one aadaclousry offered battle.
A fsw hours behind ths British squad
ron pursued, but uselessly, for the
Oermaa ships, hough far leas power
ful In battle, were much epeedler.
Eves then the Britlah admiral prob
ably thought that he had spoiled the
Oermaa plana. The Oermaa ships
might get drat to the Dardanelles, but
at .that point stood international law
aeroae the path, barring the entrance.
Meanwhile Wangenhelm had ac
complished bis great diplomatic suc
cess. From ths Corvovado wireless
station In Jha Hoapborus he was send
ing ve moat 'agreeable news to Ad
mi Eouchoa. He waa tailing him
to ..dist tbs Turkish flag 'when he
reached the strait, for Admiral Bou
chon's cruisers had auddenly become
parts of ths Turkish navy, and, there
fore, the usual International prohli
tlons did not apply. Theee crui
were- no longer the Ooeben and
Breslau, for, like an oriental magi
cian, Wangenhelm had auddenly
changed them into he Bultaa gellm
and the MedlllL The fact was that
the German ambaaaador had cleverly
taken advantage of the existing sit
uation to manufacture a "aale." As
I have already told. Turkey had two
dreadnoughts under construction In
whsn the war broke out.
would have amounted England
1 . V " or ine These snips wsre not exoiusivsly gov-
sultan to have removed, the ban eramehtal enterprises) their purchase
avatnst w .- ,w. ru.ii.
definitely j n,ijes. and to permit .the Ooeben and
tne Breslau to remain in Turkish wa
ters for more than twenty-four hours
would have Jeen nothing leee than a
declaration ot war. It is perhaps not
surprising that the British, In the
early days of August, 1114, when
Germany had not completely made
clear nor official opinion that "Inter
national law had ceased to exist." re
gardsd thess treaty stipulations aa
barring ths Oermaa ahlpa from the
Daroanellea and Constantinople- Re.
lying upon the sanetlty of these ln
ternatlonal regulations, the-' British
navy had abut off every point through
which theee German ships could havs
escaped to aafety except the en.
trance to the Dardanelles. Had Eng.
land. Immediately on the declaration
of war, rushed a powerful squadron
to thla vital spot, bow different the
history of the laat three years might
nave Deem
"His majesty expects the Ooeben
and the Breslau to succeed in break
ing through!" Such was ths wireless
that reached theae vessels at Mssslna
at 6 o'clock on the evening of August
4tn. The twenty-four houra' stay
permitted by the Italian government
had nearly expired. Outside. In the
Strait of Otranto lay the force ef
Britlah battle cruisers, sending false
radio messages to the Germans, In
structing them to rush for Pola. With
banda playing and flags flying, tha
officers and crews having had their
spirits flred by oratory and drink, the
two vessels started at full speed to
ward the awaiting British fleet. The
little Gloucester, a scout boat, kept
In touch, wiring constantly the Ger
man movements to the main squad
ron. Huddoniy, when off Cape Spar
tlvento, the Goeben and the Breslau
let off into the atmosphere all the dis
cordant vibrations which their wire
less could command, jamming the air
witn sucn a nunaDaioo that the Glou
caster was unable to send any Intel
represented what, on the surface, ap
peared to be a BODular enthusiasm of
tha Turkish people. They were te
be the agencies through which Tur
key waa to attack Or see and wta
back the Islands of the Aegean, and
the, Turkish people had raised the
money to build them by a so-called
popular subscription. Agents had
gone from house to house, painfully
collecting these small suras of money:
there had been entertainments and
fairs, and. In their eagerness for the
cause. Turkish women had sold thoh-fTl
hair for the benefit of the commonll
fund. Theee two vessels thus repre
aented a spectacular outburst of pa
triotism that waa unusual in Turkey,
so unusual, Indeed, that many de
tected signs that the government had
stimulated it. At ths very moment
when the war began, Turkey had
made her last paymsnt to the Eng
lish shipyards and the Turkish crews
had arrived In England prepared te
tana tne nnisnea vessels home. Then,
a few days before tha time eet to de
liver them, the British govsrnment
stepped In and commandeered theee
dreadnaughts for the British navy.
There la not the slightest a u est! on
that Rns-lAad hmd not nnlv a 1mI.
but a moral right to do thla; there is s
Ian nn h. ..- I
a proper one, and that, had she been
dealing with almost any other nation.
such a proceeding Would not have
-aroused any. resentment But the
Turkish people cared nothing for dis
tinctions or this sort: all they saw
was that thay had two ahlps in Eng
land, which they had greatly strained
their resources to purchase,. -and that
Kngiana naa now stepped m and
taken them. Even Without external
pressure they would have resented
the act, but external pressure was ex
erted in plenty. The transaction gave
Wangenhelm the greatest opportunity
of his life. Violent attacks upon
England, all emanating from the Oar
man embassy, began to fill the Turk-
llgiblo messages. Then the German I8B Pp wangenhelm waa con
cruisers turned south and made for etantiy discoursing to the Turkish
the Aegean aea. Tha nluckv nm leaders on Engllah perfidy and he no
Gloucester kept close on their heels, suggested that Germany. Turkey
and, as my daughter had related, had ' (Continued on Page Twenty-Four.)
ft
Military
Jt XI : Thi.
Activities Linked
i
nation is now enffaeed in establiafiincr r m.r.wn.m
tary force, which shall insure the success of the great war., j
All over this broad land, camps will be pitched where the
armies of the Republic will bain for service. m
' Linking the training camps, the aviation fields, the coast
defenses and even the remotest points where the'forcesof the
nation are gathered, with each other, and with the great bureaus
at Washington, the nerve center of the military system and of
the nation, is the Universal Bell Telephone System.
Immediately upon the declaration df war, the whple Bell
System was placed unreservedly at the disposal of the Govern
ment The government's telephone needs became at once of
paramount importance, to which every private requirement
was necessarily subordinated. '
Since the war, the demands upon our service due to indus
trial and commerda activities, have been unprecedented, and
are constantly increasing.
As our military establishment grows,
mo uuTcrunwm neea ror telephone serv
ice will increase and must be met.
, We ask you to co-operate with us by
avoiding extravagant and wasteful use of
the service, so that with the other resource
of "the country, our reserve may be con
served, and we may perform the full meas
ure of service to the Government and to
the Nation. ,
V
Asfaeville Telephone
And Telegraph Coapas;