THTC SUNDAY CITIZEN, A8HEV1LLE, N. C, DECEMBER 8, IMS.
12
or Christmas
What Gift Could Be More Acceptable or More Appreciated
Than a Pair of Correctly Fitted Glasses, Properly Adjusted
v
(Bf Frank II. S'inondft.)
"Author fr'Th World War." "They
Shall Not I'uss."
(Copyright, ill. New Ynrk Tribune.
fi . Inc.)
I In several" previous articles I have
. discussed various aspect and prob
i lonur of ths forthcoming- peace coii
area at Versa II leu. The great variety
' of question to be decided, territorial.
financial and political, since a very
.' larg portion of Europe la to be re
, made, haa already served to confuse
Ihe mass t observer, and this eon
fusion haa not been lessened by the ad
dition of tha supreme pusxle, which
Vis the league of nations.
j ! ,ivavu p...v,v, uuno.ri, j
.'intend to deal, not with the problems
' which are to be submitted to the cte
; clsion of ' the congress, but to the
equally Important question of the view
.' of tha varioua European peoples, still
n our associates against Germany, as it
; affect and will hereafter affect our
influence' at Versailles- Such observa-
lions a I bar make are based upon
", the comment of my French and Eng
lish friend and ths reading of the
-, various foreign Journal whlch-com
to this country.
i Singular Unanimity.
In the beginning it must bs said
that there 1 singular... unanimity
r abroad in recognizing tha plain fact
;; that without America Germany could
. not have been beaten. The war has
ended In .KlJ because w supplied
1-2-3-4
FUEL SAVING
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i. PATENTED MOT BLAST flM BOX, ADe prj fc- W I. mh-s-. ...I-
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I A8BT3TO3 OVERCOAT,
i-L.-T"
at-t
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A ONE PIECE RANGE. Tha top 3 Zi fXE-?I
Ranges"
We are agent for Princess Ranges and would like to show you these points. Then
compare Pnncese with any other range in town, and see for youraelf why It is the great
saver of fuel. y
f 7 Broadway.
No. 25 Patton Avenue.
S1M0NDS' REVIEW
Foch with the necessary reserve
available and prospective, to push this
great offensive. In the spring the
Germans won great initial successes,
but the cost was so great that their
mail power gave out at the precise
moment when there was needed a
great reserve to enforce victory. On
July It the first American divisions
entering t.he battle gave Foch the ad
vantage of numbers at the decisive
point. Thereafter he was always able
to count upon a perfectly regular new
contribution month by month.
Only leas decisive waa our aid in
material directions. In money and In
supplies: while, small as our naval
contribution was, measured by com
parison with that of Britain, it was a
precious aid at the moment when the
submarine peril was at Its height.
Europe, then, and particularly our
British and French allies, feels to
ward this country a gratitude which
is spread over the whole population,
and is nowhere more genuine and in
tense than among the poorer classes,
whose immediate sufferings were
greatest and whoso gain through
peace is swiftest in arriving. This is
the foundation of the influence which
we have today in Europe and the
basis of the appeal our voice will have
in conference.
But along with gratitude, which
would express Itself in a prompt com
pliance with any request of ours made
In our own interest, made for the
Features that Insure
e fast d nearly
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naslmum efflstanay f fwsa fwel.
SAMPLE FURNITURE CO.
The comfort and satisfaction of properly fitted glasses can only be realized by persons wearing them. A great many of us have
friends and relatives who continue to wear ill-fitting, uncomfortable glasses, which should probably have been changed months or years
ago. They really intend having them changed, but just keep putting it off. (Proper care of the eyes demands that those requiring glasses
should have their eyes examined each year or so, if only for "Safety-first." Are they not worth it?) For those neglectful ones the only
way to help is to "Thrust Comfort Upon Them." To do this give them a CREDIT SLIP on us entitling them to come in and have a
properly fitted pair of glasses, absolutely guaranteed, which we will make up, at their convenience.
This credit slip will make a most acceptable gift and you will be gratefully remembered each day for years to come.
"Becoming Glasses Cost
DR.
safeguarding of any policy of ours,
there la an unmistakable apprehen
sion born of the suspicion that our
great influence may be exerted to
procure things of little real value to
us and carrying a future menace to
our associate. For example, it Is
customary in America to say that we
make war, not upon the German peo
ple, but upon their rulers. We have
always In certain official quarters
made a clear distinction between the
masses of the German people and
ther rulers. But no such distinction
exists in the minds of the French peo
ple, and it has practically disappear
ed from British minds
Is Gorman -Thins;.
The Frenchman does not see In his
ruined villages, his ravaged fields, his
murdered and dishonored women.
evidence of the exclusive spirit of the
Prussian or of the official caste. What
haa been done Is, to his mind, a pe
culiarly and characteristic German
thing. He reasons, without excep
tion, that the excesses and crimes
which have been committed on his
territory and against his brethren
have been the lasting expression In
deed of what the German is, not the
high born German, not the prince
or the baron, but the German of all
classes.
For the Frenchman, therefore.
there Is the realisation of what the
German Is, what he has always been,
emphasized by the events of recent
twtoa as mesh wash ss mc.
fee! to Jo twa Jae a sews
in whkk retains the
a rha.Mos ail tha aet.
Phon 2741.
J. C.
years, but illustrated by all German
history. And In the Frenchman'
mind' the German will not change
easily, probably never. In any event,
a new form of government will not
transform million of. men who yes
terday, and for years past, conducted
themselves in the spirit of barbarism
on French soil.
When peace, does come Franc will
still find herself with an open fron
tier toward the Germans. It will be
a better frontier, easier to defend, In
cluding 1,600,000 people of Alsacs
Iorralne who desire to be Freycn, but
It will be a frontier marching with
the German lands. - i
And the emotion which I find
among Frenchmen is not one of pas
sion toward the German. I have
walked through many villages which
had been wantonly destroyed by Ger
man troops with every attendant
atrocity and my French guide have
shown no passion. They have aald,
simply and Invariably. "This is what
they 'did." Ask the French why and
the answer is the same: "We do not
know, but they always do."
Do Hot Trust Han.
Now. as nearly as I can measure
the feeling of the French people
whom i know, there I no thought of
partitioning Germany or of destroy
ing It. All recognize that under some
form of government the Germans will
continue where they have been for
centuries. There 1 no desire to take
German territory, but there Is a vast,
an immeasurable amazement at the
American assumption that the Ger
man will be transformed by a change
In government, or that it will be pos
sible to trust and deal with the Ger
man who under the empire was, a
methodical murderer and Incendiary
when he lives under a republic, so
cialist or bolsheviM.
The French have had many treaties
with the Germans. But all have been
violated when there wa4 gain for the
German. Belgium was only one cai
For torty-seven years the French
have been bullied, badgered. Insult
d. victimized. And this has been
done not by a class, but by a race,
Therefore, the Frenchman finds It dif
ficult to understand why the Amerl
oan, living three thousand miles
away, should now undertake to teach
hrm about the German and regulate
his relations with this neighbor
through a league of nations. And I
suspect that the French emotion Is
rery generally shared by Pershing's
army, to Judge from the letter of the
soldiers on the front.
The Frenchman's feeling about the
league of nations, so far as it deal
with his relations WKh the German,
Is the feeling that certain border com
munities have manifested when re
mote metropolitan districts undertook
to tell them how to' get on with the
red Indian. In France for four years
the German has been engaged, In the
periods between battle, In murder, loot
and arson. If the Frenchman now
shows htmself skeptical about the
league of nations tt is because he can
not understand how one can safely
associate In any International organi
sation with a nation all of whose peo
ple sanction, most of whom defend
and many of whom practice methods
which are to be described only, as
German.
T do not think Mr. Wilson league
of nations will arouse any great en
thusiasm m Francs, because It I
founded upon the idea of the- moral
as well a tbe Intellectual and physi
cal equaMty between nations. I find
amassment in the minds of French
friends at ths idea that we should ex
pect them, want them, to Join with
the Germans in a league of nations.
I find apprehension lest we should
seek to compel them to enter such a
league against their own better Judg
ment. I find It among the very
Frenchmen who are most sincerely
grateful for American aid and frank
est In expressing their conviction that
without that aid tbe war would have
been lost.
Nothing Mors Than Incident.
Every sensible Frenchman recog
nizes that this war is probably noth
ing more than an inoldent in Euro
pean history. He does not see any
J sign of a change- In the German ap
petite, In the German ambition: be
sees that Germany changed her" tone,
but only after her defeat waa toe un
mistakable to be further concealed
from the mass of the German peo
ple. He has been flrhtlns; ths Ger
man ami he" has a pretty shrewd
notion of the enemy. He haa rasas
ared him mentally as well as payst-
DENISON
(EYE-STRAIN SPECIALIST)
OF THE WAR
cally, and he does not find any prom
ise In a league of nations which in
cludes Germany, and he recognizes
that unless the league of nations in
oulde Germany it Is nothing more
nor less than another alliance of the
old sort.
Looking now to my English ac
quaintances, I am frank to say that I
find in this quarter very little more
enthusiasm for a league of nations of
the sort which Mr. Wilson seems to
advocate. There is the same grati
tude, for At lerican aid that the
French show. There Is the same un
qualified praise of what we have done,
praise generous beyond measure.
There is. beyond this, a certain In
articulate satisfaction that after a
century and more of mutual misun
derstanding and Intellectual and sym
pathetic separation a world war has
supplied the opportunity for the two
branches of the English-speaking
race to draw near to each other.
And again, for any request America
should make for herself In the peace
congreen, I am' satisfied there would
be quite as prompt a British support
as a French Indorsement. I feel sure
that both the British and the French
would be glad to sacrifice some por
tion of their own Interests If by that
sacrifice the could please Asnerica or
prove their gratitude. ; But, Just as
the French : are apprehensive, the
British are disturbed, and their dis
quiet grows out of the reported pur
pose of America, at, the peace con
ference, to seek to transfer from
Britain .to some international body the
mastery of the seas, the power which,
in British hands, has Just- saved the
world . and . prevented the downfall of
the British' empire
So Hesitancy.
If we should ask the British to as
sociate with us in a league made up
Of America and Britain, with France
and Italy as lesser partners, to regu
late the oceans, to police them, I do
not think there would be the smallest
hesitancy on the British part, for ths
British would trust us to play the
game fairly, to mean what our words
seemed to mean when we spoke them
to hold to our pledges when we had
given them. But, again, the danger
seems to be that we shall advocate
the admission of the German into that
association, the German who has just
desisted from submarine murdering
because he encountered a higher law
of necessity than the one he invoked
when he started his ruthless sea
slaughter.
It Is very difficult to put down
clearly the Impressions I gather from
those of our associated nations with
whom I dlsouss the question of a
league of nations, but the upshot of
my impressions Is that neither tne
British nor the French regard tne
proposal with . any real enthusiasm,
not because they have selfish ambi
tions which would be Interfered with,
not because they have vindictive pas
sions which they mean to gratify, but
solely and simply because four years
or war with tne German nave taught
them certain bitter lesson and
aroused enduring anxieties. The Eng
lishman was almost childlike in hi
faith In the validity of documents Ilk
the treaty guaranteeing the neutrality
of Bela-lura. The British ministry
which was in power in the period Just
preceding the war will be neia up to
scorn for centuries to come because
of the extent to which It trusted the
surance of German public men.
England was caught unawares be
cause she trusted Germany. France
had the lesser trust, the better knowl
edge, but France sees a reason why
the written guarantees which Ger
many gave before 114 and violated
then would have a different character
If Germany should make them all
over asraln. The difficulty with the'
league or nations laea is irar rts dssis
must be International trust. And It
fc not possible and will not be possible
in. our lifetime to restore confidence
In Germany among the nations who
have had in the present terrible years
a full realisation of the German
methods and ths German spirit.
Accordingly. when the United
States goes to Europe to impose a
league of nations upon the world, if
it does undertake this task, it will
find itself instantly confronted by the
friendly but not less determined op
position of the masse of the nations
which nave suffered at German hands
In the present war. In direct contra
vention of German pledges before tha
war broke out. A league of nations
which was made up of races seeking
the same enlightened goals by similar
No More
Next
courses, having the same regard for
honor, good faith, humanity, that is
not a difficult thing to arrange. But
for four years for four and forty
years the German has URed the same
words to mean a totally different
thing, and who on the top of this
earth can believe him today, when he
uses words which In other mouths
might mean honorable things, but In
his mouth may mean anything?
Concerted Effort.
In the early part of this war a
concerted and purposeful effort was
made in this country to establish the
idea that all the Kuropean nations
were equally responsible for this war
and were all seeking selfish ends. It
took a long time to uproot this Idea;
there are traces left of It even now
and signs which point to a new effort
to exploit this view. But in the main
we know better now and we shall
know still more exactly when our two
million soldiers come home, bringing
with them their own Judgment upon
the German as he is and as he is like
ly to remain for a long time to come.
But. either all the European nations
are equally criminal nations, In which
case It may be our holy, if somewhat
rlflky mission, to compel them to lay
aside their evil ways and under our
supreme and enlightened directing
enroll in a new international oreanl-
jratlon, leaving their guns and their
sticks at the door, or else there Is
a difference between nations and
therefore an impossibility that these
nations with different Ideals and
moral codes should ever, or at least
should while their differences exist,
associate on such terms.
Our European 'allies are prepared
to make almost any sacrifice that we
may ask, their .gratitude is unmis
takable; but there, is one thing that,
they can not do for us; they can' not
see things as they are not because We
do; they can not see the German as
he isn't because a portion of our pub
lic, who have not encountered him
in this war and in Europe insist upon
seeing him their own way. And sines
the French and the British do see the
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CALL TO ARMS
M k NT ONE
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German In the same, way 'and nbV'liv
any other, we had better give up rv
lnj? to impose our view. Tor ih dn'tns
this we Khali make enemies of nor
friends with.out In the least succeed
ing In -making friends ef our enemies.
Will Agree to Anything.
The peace congress has to deal with
Germany, as the court of law deals
wfth a criminal.' It has to punish
the criminal nation for Its crimes.
The punishment consists in compelling
uim nation to mane reparation
money and in kind for wanton
structlon and to restore stolen- pro
Inces. tQ make German i- nay one
quarter, of the costs of. the.' war, tha
ws r which she precipitated' for selfish
profit, will be to put her in a state of
poverty for decades to cctoie. it, lj
addition, the nations eh, has wrong
ed, either collectively- or separately,
boycott German industries, and there
are millions of people who will do
this personally in any case,' then Ger
man industry will be practically
ruined. '
To escape the Just sentence. th
equitable consequences of her crimes,'
Germany, whether socialistic or Hoh
enxollern, will agree to anything: she
will use every effort to maneuver
around the league of nations discus-,
sions in such shape as to escape pay
ment we are seeing evidences of thl
-purpose every day. But If she make'
promises, will she keep them? Anil
If-she doesn't, then the French and
the; British may have it nil to do.
iigain, and we perhaps ws shall v. nit
three years before coming tp their!
aid In our quarrel. -next time, . v4
did this time. V':, 7
The weakest league of nations, th
is,, the form whTcft; : cai'is 'lt pro.
tectipn agslnst eyofc':w'fll;','b,f sii.li
clentiy strong'- for . Us. -VflVe' can rum I
risks which no other' 'jrresf nation
can thirik of running. ..but have wa
V C T IB
II witli
to surJ
me Jitsiii- -iv nn oilier natrons
far greater immediate 'dangers tc
render their means of defense
cause-we, Immune from those 'lam
grs ourselves, have decided that
(CONTINUED MEXT SUNDAY.)
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