4
THE ASHEYILLE CITIZEN
16 Pages 128 Columns
COLDER
"DEDICATED TO THE UP-BUILDING OF WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA"
ESTABLISHED 1868.
ASHEVILLE, N. C, FRDAY MORNING, JANUUARY 6, 1922.
PRICE FIVE CENTS
WIVE BIG POWERS LIMIT USE OF SUBMARINES
r
Cordell Hull
Conference Be Held
WOULD AVOID
CAUSE OF MANY
Republicans Blamed for,
. Industrial Slump, and i
Fame Loss.
SETS FIGURE AT v
, $40,000,000,000
America Failed to Recog
nize Need of Our Cred
it in Europe.
NEW YORK, Jan. 5. Early
summoning of an international
trade agreement conference to iron
out commercial differences whirl!
he declared were the root of most
modern warfare, was urged bv
Cordell Hull, chairman of the
democratic national committee, in
on address tonight at the Jackson
dry dinner of the Tennessee so
ciety of New York.
"During past years," he jmid,
'wo have seen practiced with Im
munity all form of tariff discrimi
nation and retaliation, preferen
tial right of entry of ports, viola
tion of the 'open door' of copy
rights, trade marks, trade brands.
wrongful Interference with trade
routes, unfair utilization of boun
ties, tinnnaea. atlhalHipa rirawhnelrM
nd rebates, the economic and fi
nancial violation of email, unciv
ilised, or backward nations, ton
nage and shipping discriminations,
econmoic hliilances, trade conces
sions and: other preferences by
special agreement.- Many of these
nre trouble-making, war-breeding
practices.
"International steps have a!
k r)ffll with rarlain nhaiaa tf that.
langerausi practices ana policies.
i it- certain they can only be
lesrf with and abolished ty inter-
Hnr,al airepment ''' " i
'The most feasible plan he sug-
ftsted would be adoption by al!
mtlons of "the most favored na-
Jo: doctrine in its unconditional
form, while such a program
would call for sacrifice by ail na
tions of certain profitable special
arrangements, these would be far
n...lW.J V... - .... V, 1
.,, .I,
MODERN
WARS
nr.ll . V , Baron Hayshi, of Japan. The
-Without referring directly -to ,oniy official t announcement after
party, Mr. Hull laid on the should- these ulk8 waB that the conVersa
era of the republican adminlstra- tlons were proccedinK Batisfactorily.
tino a large share of blame for lT a - development seemed to
he iS.VS'h'i'itSSIf Rt.e. conflrm th0 "nPression that the
he said had cost the united States
a "panic loss" of 140,000.000.000 "e9 ZF.SKIVE JZtj
America, he declared, was in "a i1' f. 5?onil c nferenc e,
wonderful condition" at the closelthouh 81,11 debatinar theetalU.
of the war, with a national wealth Reparations were discussed by
of nearly 1300,000,000,000; an in-
i rns.tional commerce of $76,000,-
HOO.OOO, a gold aupply of J3.079,- in the schedule of payments that
I'fO.OOO; foreign commerce of $10,- likely would compromise thWr nri
"00,000,000; trade balance of $4.-, orlty on the 2,500,000,000 gold
tioo.000,000: a. foreign. Indebted
'te. in our favor of more than
Jl 1,000, 000,000; annual savings of
H5 000,000.000 and a greav mer
cantile marine.
"The nation
immensely
prosperous," he continued. "We
had become the center of worn
finance and commerce. We had
no inflation of currency and no
uncontrollable inflation of credit.
The other half of the world ws
starving for our surplus. Every
l anker and business man was then
predicting for America an unlnter
mpted period of unparalleled pros
perity. "Whey then did this nation
Uter plunge over the economl:
precipice? Why did every predic
"on maae during 113 bv ou
?Mest business men and financiers
for the first time completely fall?"
The answer, he declared, was
fist America failed to recognize
ICmfaiMS m rl KliU
Unfair Treatment Of South
ting Transportation
luistNoiox KMua
tiis usntixa cmx
wiMflnJ i''?' Vu
WASHINGTON. Jan. 6. avThe the
"uth is not being falrly treated
n RDDolntmentH tn th (ntersfnte
ommerce commission waa charged
try Senator Overman today. Sena
if" Trommel, of Florida, nd
"i"ged that Commissioner Althi
had discriminated aealnst the
"nth in a ruling in favor of the commiseion who represents the
'"t, resulting in a reduction of;.outn
5
. mi.ro un lumDer is per cent,
I held up. these appointments
'ore tne holtdave" Senator
verman said, "as a protest that
he .Treat SnUthAm tnrrltnpv haA
r n b0,ut?,y . 'Scored, not only
vien. n," r"-1 .iulni DU.Dy.rlTr
niifuii. vvnen resident wu
'n sent two flames down here for
'hpolntment on 1 ho -interstate -com-fierce
commiseion and did not rec.
"Sntze the south I held they up
Ml
made ! -.nni. ,hi,.v
resident Harding filled after Mr.,ease 0f 16 per cent on lumber I
wison went out. 1 itiit th uni.': .1.. I,, eentri west andi
I. I . ,.. . -
" Ml WITH ttarfi 1 , . I .
ny as a matt l ,
.,,. .know of ho reason -why Mr.
f "ch,un hould not be confirmed.
'Ida tne "ens-tor from Flor-
' rue. he ought not to
fcX?nne I think the fact
hiirh... D "no. I have the
tnd t! reffard fop Mr. Altchlson
HI nothln- KJnst him at
fevela.i ""'Pri'etf to hear these
wd. ii?h cnare MWht-to be
a!Slw"non' Inst
"B"t.,h" l New Jersey w
isTrn,0'', ,h ntertTte co,
""r r"mmlsslon, and wlhlle t
UrgeS I Finland's Envoy
rn Arrives as Reds
Irade otunshe
Acreage in Three
Counties Will Be
Made Reservation
Seven Thousand Acres In
volved is Property of
E. TV. Grove
W1IH1XGTOV RMtliD
1BI mBITll.M CITIZB.V
If. B C. BRYiST )
WASHINGTON. Jan. 5. The
national forest reservation com
mission ha authorized the pur
chase In North Carolina, of H.
MS acre at an average price of
$6.41 per acre, located largely
in McDowell, Macon and Madi
son counties. Seven thousand
acres of this belongs o the E.
W. Grove land. Mr. Grove has
40,000 acres in one tract.
French Desire That Agen
da Be Strictly Laid
Down in Advance.
CANNES. Jan. 6. (By The As
sociated Press.) The program
for the forthcoming international
economic conference was upper
most in today's conversations be
tween the premiers and the chief
delegates to the supreme council,
which meets In session here to
morrow. The French view has been that
the agenda should be atrictl laid
down- ill advance. It Is understood
that David Lloyd George, the Brit
ish premier, agreed to this, and
that the Question will be the first
discussed when the council goes
into session.
. M. Brland had a lengthy conver
sation today with' the Marquis
Delia Torfetta, the Italian minis
ter of foreign affairs, and also saw
VI
premier Theunys. of Belgium, and
the experts today, the Belgians
stoutly opposing any modification
marks due by Germany. The
French delegation is backing the
Belgians on this polnV, but It Is in
clined to make concessions to the
British viewpoint to,, the extent of
reducing the cash .payments to
500,000,000 cold marks annually
and the rest of the reparations
kind. The British go farther than
this and desire to reduce the de
liveries in kind so that the total
both in cash and in kind -can be
i reduced about 25 per cent frorn the
i-aris agreement, or i,duu,vvu,vvv
gold marks.
Participation by Germany In the
eventual International economic
cd, but there still Is discussion as to
conference is now taken for grant-
CANNES PROGRAM
BEING DISCUSSED
BY DELEGATIONS
V.what would be the consequences of
the presence of Russian soviet del
egates, which it Is held in French
circles would he tantamount to the
recognition of the bolshevik
regime.
great territory in the south always
a representative upon the com-
mission up to the time Woodrow
ii7ii. Pro.lHent. a. rnnre-
;gpntative In the person of Judge
Clementa. who was one or the
ablest men on the commission, we
have no such representative now,
Judge Clements represented, tne
southern territory for a long time.
I a II want la snmA flTIB Oil the
TRAMMEL CHARGES
RATE DISC1UMINA1ION
WASHINGTON, .Ian. 6-
Declar-
1 , . . - A lha arnlilh waa
being paralyied by lack of reare-;
sentatlon
on tne interstate com
merce commission, Senator Tram
mel, democrat Florida, asserted in
the aenat'e today he had informa
i whieh warranted him stating
. . ..1 nk,.in a .
, , r 1 1 1 1 1 11 n T,k ..
1-- . . .
opposed a reduction in wmmr
rates In the south." Mr. Altchl
son, the senator declared, is from
Oregon.
. T .l. Una Sena.(nr Tram-
rat thX
id into ten sections, each to be rep-
.Xd by one seat on the com-
Son and one commissioner to
hi aoDolnted" from the country at'
be appoimea irom v
senator Cummins, republican,!
Iowa and Senator McNary. repub-
IBsgotWommendetL.X - pm -
" ' 11 f uVhTIin'. -fairness and .
i.tice" Benator Cummins, how-l,n that poslUon, some stragglers
ever added that in his 'judgment. may have been, around. I some-
rn."r;oVth.hoold hay represent.,
tlon, on the lommlsslon.
-.i
v A.
4 t k
y x
t'
JjPW Leonard Astrom.
Leonard Atrom, th ne- minister
from Finland, has arrived In Wash
ington to succeed A. II. Saasta
tnoinen, who recently resigned. The
first matter to commend the atten
tion of Mr. Astrom is in regard to
the military preparedness reported In
progress by soviet Hussla along the
frontier between rtussla anil Finland.
L
OF CHARGES IS
lADEIYOPIE
Never Fired Revqlver
During Whole Time He
Was in Service.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 5 Sweep
ing denial of charges that he had
shot two of his men while his com
mand, 'part of the I9th division,
lne lml "l ,
fighting, waa made before a senate ,
investigating committee today by
Major Hierome L. Ople of Staun
ton. Va and nearly a doien men
serving with him overseas.
At an all day session only one
voice wa,s nrtea against .Major
Opie the voice of a shefl-shocked
victim of war, now a patient in a
Virginia hospital for the insane.
The witness, Lemuel C. Smith, de
clared that while In a dugout with
three comrade and four German
prisoners. Major Opie entered, '
shot and killed a soldier, then or
dered the body removed, without
once uttering a word.
In rapid succession the comrades
mentioned by Smith went on the
stand and swoTe. they saw no such
killing, that they were not In the
dugout, and that they knew of no .
evidence whatever to support the
charges. And then after halt a
dozen of Major Opie's men had
testified that they never heard of
his shooting a soldier, in France or
anywhere else, the major himself
spoke In hla own defense, declar
ing there ,,vas no word of truth in
the accusatlomraud that ho "never
hot a man in his life."
xicunurK uown wmie witnesses
were telling the. committee Unit for
his services in. t.e-Ajb'i,fte offen
sive, ending in a hospi: wounded,
he was awarded the, Olstlnguishod
Service Cross, the,-r.gion of Hon
or and tks Ov'.t de Guerre with
two pSlms, Major Opie quickly
recovered his composure, and
calmly, quietly, but with great em
phasis asserted that he neycr fired
a revolver all the time he was in
the army. i
Major. Opie explained In detail (
how he had attempted to get Ws
men in a Una: after they had Seen
demoralized .'and were running
wildly, some saying they had been
ordered tp. retreat while other:
werjj shouting that the enemy waa
approaching. . A tense situation,.
developing suddenly, found him
ueveioping euaaeniy, round him
alone in the effort to reform the
lines, at the moment he was with
out aide srms.he was wearing a
raincoat the Insignia of which was
covered with mud, and it was with
difficulty tha Jie could make the
men 'halt. '
"I took a rifle and fired twice."
he said, "knowing perfectly well
what I was doHng. One shot was
fired, in, the air and one In the
ground. Nobody was hit. After I
fired 'the lines. atopped. and I. got
them in shape, putting men I rec
ognised JO .command. I sent run
ners to-bring alj Jhe men up There
was not a dead soldier on the line
and there had teen no firing."
Did you snoot a runner wjyi. a
I revolverl as
charged 7 Chairman
Brandegee a
I never fl;
exited. -
fired a. pistol the.wbule
.. .
time I ws In the army," Major
Ople declared, with emphasis.
Chairman Brandegee .wanted to
know if Major Opie had any theory
as to how the reports about h'm
mrrM : "It may
be that one circumstance lead to
it. I dislike to -mention names but
It might be the only thing to do
In Justice to others. It happened
that Lieutenant Floyd W. Cunning.
ham accidentally killed himself
with a rifle and I was the first to
sacli Jilm , , I heotowpeaed
hie blouse, and while there alone
time. ,h.nkh.s JHHjn. miy Jav.
tr f .
SWEEPING
DENIA
BOILER TENDERS
NEW OFFER FOR
AflUSCLJLSHOALS
Acts in Behalf of Freder
ick Engstrum of Wil
mington, N. C.
TO MANUFACTURE
NITRATES, PLAN
Will Market Them Cheap
lyAdvance Construc
tion Money.
singtos vrRB.a
1RI ARHKru.t.1 ClTlZlf
' H B C. KY1T) ,
WASHINGTON, Jan. 5. Marion
Butler, as attorney, today filed
with Secretary of War Weeks a
proposal for Frederick K. Eng
strum. of Wilmington, N. (.'. presi
dent of the Newport Ship Build
ing corporation, to complete lease,
and operate the Muscle Shoals pro
ject. Mr. Kngstrum and hN associates,!
according to Mr. But.er, propose to
complete the project for $36,000,i
000 within four years. "They pro
pose, " he said, "to advance their
own money to do the work and to
be reimbursed by the government
at tho end of each year to the ex
tent of one-fourth of this amount i
as one-fourth of the work Is finish
ed, and approved by tho war de
partment. Excess power would be
sold and a sufficient percentage of
the profits wuld be devoted to the
making of nitrates."
Mr. Butler said th eaale of ni
trates at $5 or J 10 a ton to the
American farmers lens than the
cost of Chilean nitrates would have
the effect of lowering at once the
price of Chilean nltratew. lie point
ed out that Henry Ford did not
propose in his offer to make any
nitrates.
fllAj STATEMENTS S TO
I'KOPOSAI. IS MADE
WASHINGTON. Jan. B (By
The AnHoriated 1'rcns) Another
offer for private lease and opera
tion of the government's nitrate
and water power properties at
Muscle Shoals, Ala., was received-
today by Hecrdtury Weeks, of the
war department. It was presented
by Marion Butler, former United
States senator from North Carolina,
acting as attorney for Frederick
K.- KngMtrum, president of the
Newport Shipbuilding company, of
Wilmington, N. C, and wan accom
panied by a lengthy statement ex
plaining the offer In detail, and
comparing it with that submitted
by Henry Ford, on which confer
ences will be held next week with
Secretary Weekks.
The secrtary was asked to give
Mr. Engstrum a hearing at his con
venience for the purpose of mak
ing further explanation than was
attached to the offer when it was
delivered today,
Th
The new proposal is the third of
fer received by Mr. Weeks, that of
Mr. C. C. Tinkler, of San Francisc-o,
being the second. Negotiations be
tween the secretary and proponents
o tne various Interests involved
it was said, would proceed lnde
pendently until a final selection
penoenuy uniu a iinai seieciion i
waa made and the whole transac-
lion submitted to congress In a re
port by the war secretary for its
ultimate decision.
Chief provisions of Mr. Kng-
strum's bid, which guarantees coin-
pletion of the dame and nitrate
plants, the latter being, remodelled
to manufacture that product ac
cording to the most approved sys
tem for commercial products of
tho kind, call for an expenditure
of $36,000,000 by a corporation to
be formed, operation of at least
one plant within a year after the
property comes within his posses
sion, and covers a contract period
of production for 50 yeare.
POWER INCOME WOULD
OFFSET NITRATE COST
Another feature of the offer in
volves sale of excess power devel-
rnaA o n H ilea rtf Ih. arnflta Ha.lvail
jtn ft way that is intended to reduce
the selling price of fertiliser to
farmers and other buyers taa rate
'equal or lower than that at which
the Chilean product could be sold
in this country. The price would
be fixed by the secretary of agrl
culture and the government would
have two directors selected to care
lCMMmif m ftn tin"!
THROWN IN
TRINITY DOES
LITTLE DAIVl AGE
. 7 ,
HeaVV S6lMan ChaSOu Dy
Watchman No Motive
for Strange Act.
($ftUI CtmmntMM. Tkt iilwW CUius 1
10
TJITRHAJM, Jan. I. A lead plpen.n win. ho. irro.t.it aimnllcltv. .is
bomb thrown into an unused room
at Abroaueh hall. Trinity college
dormitory this morning at J o'clock
shattered two window panes ot the
building and damaged a wall seat
In- the room, t R. I. Humphries,
night .watchman at-Trinity, dis
severed the place ot the explosion
40 minutes later when he chased 4.1
thick, heavy set man from off a
roof In the rear Of the building. 1 Inge.. Guards who were thrown
Ot the young men sleeping in the around the grave after t!te under
dormUory only two were awaken-! taker's assistants had .lowered th
ed by the noise. 1 bronse-Ilned casket Into it short-
No' motive can be awtf ned f or ' J. ,hl!3,ornlng
the act. Mr. Humphries .1, sure : h11 am, Kria wcrYV that
roSf wPnT2 t7V!Sr ma?k,d ?hs, m8ak.'ntg 1?L !
nl t?iL .SLi m hi'ih IZt, rangeiSents ' for- the funeral was
i.U.n t L maintained until the end. No in-
watchman, lje was in his room at formatton beyond the bile? obltu
S o clock when ha heard a muffled notlce ln the ngpaper, jhat
explosion. Immediately h went tn6 funeral would be "strictly prl
to tha Cowell science hall to in- vate," ws- given out -and It was
vestbjate. Thinking that some not known until the bureau of vital
chemical apparatus had exploded. statUtica issued a permit yesterday
His search revealed nothing. 1 for Interment that the lunurnl
Forty-five minutes later he start-1 would be held today.
ed on his hourly tour of inspection I Only t,he late senator's thre
ottallwHMrildtnir-VTi11rgotMolheriC Charles B. Richard,
ing through the library he heard a A. F., and flpencer Penrose and
necialtar sound at the rear and out. their families: Lelahlon C. Tay.
side of the buildlnr hastenlnc ln
the direction of the sound, he dls -
-ICfftMWWt i"t () I
Chinese Girl Sold
for 35 Cents Now
College Student
Jl
I
I- W-Ntil
- '1
I .1
WaaMaMaMBaMSLJajaja llllll'llllllll'fcjj
I
Kan En Von
ftffiti9l tontuprnttntre. The Anhrtille ftlUrnt
OHratbIN, u, Jan. Jan. 5. Sold
by her parents in her native land for
S.'i i-entM when she wna fivo years old,
Kan Kn Won is uompletlng her Mu
dlea at Uoerliii college, preparing
herself to educate the children of
cotu'ng generation in Oiiiiiiv and bet
ter conditlotui for tfliein.
Kan ISn Vong is now twenty-three
She was "),iioj;ht" on the streets of
Hang t.'ho, I? years ago by Mr. and
Mrs. W. .Y .Sweet. Baptist mlMiiou
arles. Later iie was adotded hv flew
A. K. Harris, of Philadelphia. For
the past three yeara In addition to
Studying lie lias been eonduvting a
kindergarti tt in 'hinn. She is study
ing mimic here that s-he may teach
the little folk to sing. Later she in
tends to study child psychology and
teaching at Columbia.
I LEMT1
BLOCSPONSORS
Goes so Far as to Indicate
He May "Veto Meas
ure if Passed.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 5. .Presi
dent Harding was said tonight by
members-of the senitto agricultural
bloc to have indicated to bloc
leaders at a conference today his
disapproval of bloc-sponsored leg-
, ,
islatlon providing for farmer rep
resentation on the federal reserve
board.
The views of the President with
respect to tho legislation, which is
to be taken up in the senato for
final consideration January IT,
I ere outlined to Senators Kenyon
of Iowa, and Capper, or Kansas,
both republicans and bloc leaders,
who called at the White House ac
companied by Senator Kellogg, of
Minnesota, a republican member
of the senate finance committee.
None of the three senators
would discuss the White House
visit, but other members of the
agricultural bloc said It was their
understanding that the President
had lndactcd his emphatic disap
proval of the legislation. Some of
these bloc members said the Presi
dent went so far as to Indicate he
might veto the bill if passed, but
other members said this was not
their understanding.
The President, It was said by
bloc members other than those
who took part in the White House
j conference, stated he desired In
every way possible to promote the
ICniuiMW on Ptf BtiMi
4-
WITH SIMPLICITY;
LEAVES FORTUNE
Dominating by Sheer
Ability, His Leadership
Will Be Missed.
PHILADELPHIA. Jan. 5 Bur-
1 , ' . , .,.. ,k. hj . u,a
wa!l Ws desire,, the body ot fcona-
I tor Penrose tbnight rest?d in a(
brick-lined gtave In South Laurel
Hill cemetery beside tha; of his
father, . The' grave, situated on a
promontory overlooking the East
River drive. of Fairmont park, was
devoid of flowers or fioril offer-
. lor. hla secretary, and th nurse
1 accompanied the body hare from
tmivnrm ta rf ,!',
HARDING
OBJECTS
PENROSE
BURIED
1 .
World Asked To Conform To
New Decree Purging Seas Of
Menace To Peaceful Shipping
G0N1R0VERSY ON
SHANTUNG SEEMS
STILL HOPELESS
Conversations Will End
Unless Japs Accept Pro
posal by Today.
JAP PROPOSAL IS
FLATLY REJECTED
No Intimation Forthcom
ing as to Japanese At
titude Today.
WASHINGTON, Jan. t (By the
Associated Press.) The Shantung
controversy again appeared hope
less of solution late today when,
after a two and a half hour session
between tho Japanese and Chinese
delegations, devoted to considera
tion of the return of the Kloa
Chow-Tsinafu railway, the latter
announced that unless the Japan
ese accepted the Chinese plan for
payment for the road In cash or
installments by tomorrow the "con
versations'" would bo ended.
Only a renewal of tho "good of
fices" pf Arthur J. Balfour and
Secretary Hughes. It was said,
could then bring about a meeting
of the two groups.
Tile Chinese delegation definite
ly refused to accept tho Japanese
proposal for payment of the rall-
i way by a Japanese loan, Welling
ton Koo, one of the Chinese dele
gates said but the Chinese made
a concession regardlr.lt Immediate
deposit of 32JO0.OOO Chinese dol
lars as a cash payment.
The Chinese today agreed to
make Immediate deposit In full by
placing at the disposal of the Jap
anese the resources of the Chinese
bankers' consortium.
No Intimation could be obtain-
red from the Japanese concerning
their attitude tomorrow, but It was
understood that they stood firm on
their Insistence on lending the Chi
nese the money with which to buy
back the road.
POWERS ACCEDE IN PART
TO CHINA'S REQUEST
WASHINGTON, Jan. 5. (By
the 1 Associated Press.) The pow
ers acceded In part today to Chi
na's request that foreign restric
tions on her tariff system be re
moved and that steps be taken to- (
ward withdrawal of foreign troops1
from her solj.
Under an Agreement adopted In
the far eastern committee of the
arms conference an Increase esti
mated at $41,000,000 tn Chlnos
customs receipts Is to be granted
Immediately through modifications
of existing treaties and machinery
is to be set In motion for further
Increases when they are warranted
by reforms in Chinese tariff ad
ministration. By another resolution adopted at
the same meeUpg, the foreign am
bassadors at Peking will confer
with Chinese officials, whenever
China so requests, relative to ex
ecutions of the declared purpose
of the powers to withdraw their
troops in each case, where condi
tions make It practicable.
DISAPPOINTED FOR
ACTION INDEFINITE
Regarding the troop declaration
the Chinese delegates did not ex
press themselves at length, hut
they voiced disappointment that
the tariff settlement had not fixed
a definite date on which foreign
supervision of the Chinese cus
toms would be withdrawn alto
gether. Complete tariff autonomy
ha been held by them to he es
sential to China's commercial de
velopment, Just as withdrawal of
foreign troops haji been regardet
as necessary to restore China to
full sovereignty.
The entire meeting wss devoted to
consideration of the tariff and foreign
tioop proposals, the ''hinese finding
no opportunity to press the! rreiuest
thai the "twenty-one demands" con
troversy be brought Into the con
ference for review. The next meet
ing probably will not be held until
after the submarine question, now
occupying tha attention of the five
major powers, has been settled.
As a supplemental to the tariff reso
lution, the special sub-committee
headed by Senator Lnderwood, of the Administration parry men are try-
American delegation, recommended to'ing to bring order there for the
the full committee adoption of a
declaration advising China to take
"immediate and effective steps'' to re
duce her military forces. Maintenance
of "excessive" land armament, the
sub-committee held, had seriously Im
paired Chinese domestic economy ani)
iwii:ii v.nii.rQ u"i,in. t-'nii nuv
had become a difficult barrier to the
nation's restoration to financial sta
bility. The suggestion was referred
tto a draft committee for revision, hu;
indications tonight seemed to point
lo Its later adoption.
UNDERWOOD MAINTAINS
NEW PLAN IS BETTER
In presenting the tariff revision
plan, under which China Immediately
would have an "effective" 5 per cent,
tariff rates Instead of the virtual i 1-2
per cent, now in force. Senator Un
derwood declared- the new arrange
ment not only would greatly benefit
the Chinese government and people,
but would be a long step toward pro
motion of general trade and Interna
tional peace tn the far east.
Dr. Koo, replying for the Chinese,
conceded that the agreement was
"valuable." hut added that China
could only regard . any continuation
of the present foreign control of her
tariff As "sn infringement of her sov
ereignty." He argued also that main
tenance of the foreign control sys
tem meant a continued handicap to
the opening of China to foreign trade.
contributed to low social and political
morale nmoti;
ions the Chinese ind wakiilLua,i'n.irti.iirv
tnany-mjiistrees through placing theT" rJ?"t ' " ' . ... .
Interests of the several powers above 1 h.p .fou,"- "l0" tr"ly U,;k '
thorn, of the Chinese remihile.. it great deal of being through the,
was added that in acceding to tha
I nraaant nln chln annul, mana
! the right to continue her effort to
complete isrin autonomy
French Delegate States Late
Brito-French Clash On U-Boat
Policy Ends Misunderstanding
WASHINGTON. Jan. ,'i ( By The j the five powers to all other nation
Associated l'ress) The the crc.U- to join In the declaration,
est naval powers of the world de-T When the naval committee ad-
creed today as between themselves
abolishment of submarine wnrfarc
ngalnNt merchant ships. To ptirte
the seas Torever of this hidden
mennce to peaceful folk and ships,
the world is asked to subscribe to
the decree as a new principle of
international law.
As adopted by the naval i-oti-nilttee
ofthe arms conference, the
resolution proposed by Ellhu Ttout
and amended by Arthur J. Balfour
to become Immediately effective
between the five siffwitory powers,
runs as follows:
"The signatory powers recognize
the practical impossibility of using
submarines as commerce destroy
ers without violating, as they were
violated in the recent war of 1914-
19118. the requirements universal
ly accepted by civilized nations for
the protection of the lives of neu
trals and non-combatants, und to
the end that the prohibition of the
use of submarines as commerce
destroyers shall be universally ac
cepted as a part of the law of na
tions they now accept that prohibi
tion as henceforth binding an be
tween themselves and thoy invite
all other nations to adhere there
to." t ON l''EHKNt'E MERELY
TO RATIFY PACT
Action of the committee is final
so far as tho conference and the
five naval powers are concerned,
the conference, merely will give
formal ratification to the anti-submarine
pact when the five-power
treaty. In which It will bo Incor
porated, comes up In open session.
The naval committee also adopt
ed the first Moot proposal to de
clare In simplest terms to the rulos
of International law apply to mer
chant vessels, their full application
to submarines and the invitation of
European
By FRAISK H. SIMONDS.)
(Pctl CtrfinninM, f iltwUlt CitiMhl
WASHINWON, Jan. 6. Two
questions of equal dominated the
discussion of conference matters
today. The first related to possi
ble engaeements to be undertaken
In the new five power treaty; the
second to the France-Japanese
treaty, the discussion was launched
by an gtficle.1 declaration, from
Hrltlsh sources that this treaty,
which Is to cover the subject of the
limitation of naval armament and
the restriction of fortifications in
the Pacific, would also Include a
provision for conference and 'con
sulfation. In case of internal dis
agreement or external menace. It
will be recalled that in the four
power treaty under article II pro
vision Is made that the signatory
powem shall meet in consultation
In ease of trouble between two, or
menace to any one, coming from
wltihout. According to British In
formation the five power treaty
now being drafted will contain
such a provision1 also.
ITALY SIGNATORY TO
FIVE TOWER PACT
But It will be perceivable that,
whereas the four power treaty con
cerns Pacific powers, and covers
subjects relating exclusively to the
region of the Pacific, the five pow
er treaty affects at least one nation
namely, IJalyi which has no Pacific
possessions. Therefore, were the
British program to prove sn accu
rate forecast the United Status
would be brought under the obli
gation to confer, in case Jugosla
Republicans Declared At Sea
With Difficult Tasks Ahead
tsi iiiliilll orrttas
wiisisaroa scimo
y . It C, ARUM)
WASHINGTON. Jan. 5 The re
publicans are very much worried
Ulft I.Kllin LIU1L JtlU 11J lllllIB w.-,
the Newberry ciBe, the four power
treaty and the tariff legislation.
It looks now as if Newberry would
have rough going in the fenate.
(If he appears in the chamber and
, , . . . ,
', niakes a good argument for hlm-
self he may
rtit. he has
win,
hut it he docs
but
slight show of
success.
A number of prominent repubil
chii senators think that Newberry
should be barred from the sennit,
and may vote their convictions un
less whipped In line by the Whlt
ll-juse and tho department of jus
tice and the postoffice department.
Ulti-.illH VaarKam, i t. , h. r
ntrA . V. I mnt ,.. .. .1 ....... . -. , j 1
ii i,r,i vi Mtn nrni lining u inm.i ni,
would be sure to point to the days
when the senate had a bare ma
jority by counting the accused
Michigan man. Had Newberry
been kept out of his seat the
league of nations tight might have
turred out differently. Hitchcock
might have been chairman of the
foreign relations committee In
stead of Lodge. Simmons might
hr.ve been at the head of the fi
nance committee and not Penrose.
Ir. required the Newberry seat to
glvr th senato to the republicans.
STRENUOUS HfiHT IS
senate. A very strenuous fight is
I ahead of Mr. Lodce. At tha nut
I set the league of nations seemed
l fattly tnr-ulsr In that bod1 but
journed. the third Boot proposal
to declare violations of the rule
laid down by submarines, acts of
piracy for which submarine com
manders could be held to account
personally, regardless of order
they may have received from their .
government, was etlll to be taken
up. It was Indicated that It also
would be adopted and the final link
forged In the chain of world pro
nouncements designed to rid the
seas of the perils to non-combatants
that came with German sub
marine terrorism.
In Its final form, the resolution
declaring submarine warfare on
merchant ships abolished so far aa
the five powers are concerned
showed a direct relation to th
German war-time practices not In
eluded Jn the original Root draft.
The clause "as they were violated
in the recent war of 1914-192S"
was Inserted on motion of the :
French delegation.
SIGNIFICANCE ATTACHES TO "
AMENDMENTS SOURCE
Some significance may attach to
(he fact that it was the French
group which made this amend
mcnt in view of the "mlsunder
standing" of the French attitude
an submarine warfare which
brought the committee delibera
tions to tense moments when th
clause of limitation of submarine
tonnage was under discussion. In
that connection lrd Lee, fqr the
British group, took the opportunity
to express his apprehension of the
prompt, official repudiation ot SI.
Sarraut, of the Frenoh group of
the writings of Captain Castei of
the French naval stall sustaining1
the German theory of submarine
warfare. Lord Ie had read ex
ICnMnui m Tin IMil
Power Treaty
Entanglement
via, for example, should threaten
toattack Italy, presuroafoly by sea.
Thus he United States would be
drawn into European affairs.
When this Interpretation was
presented to the American state
department there was- categorical
denial that the, five power treaty,
which is still tn the process of de
velopment, would contain any such ,
provision, or commitment, and It
waa asserted that the single en
gagement would be an agreement
to confer and consult provided a
scientific development or political
change made such consultation de
siraible. Moreover. It was explain
ed further that what was meant bv
political change was that if, for
example, a. nation outside the five
powor agreement should build a
large navy and menace the secur
ity of one of the five power signa
tories then that power might ask
Its associates for permission to In
crease Its armament beyond th
limits fixed by the flve power trea
ty. But emphatic Insistence was
laid upon the Idea tnat the Amer- ;
1a.11 ueuwmon woum not accept
atiy. treaty which envisaged anv
positive action on otip part
STILL MORE IMPORTANT
PROHLEM RAISED
Perhaps more important was the
problem raised by tile France-Jai,.
iwse treaty of 1907. lfm-ill be re
called that the chief reaaou for the
four-power treaty was the American
desire to eliminate the Anglo-Japanese
alliance and that the four power
treaty represented that, substitute for
the Anglo-Japanese alliance which
tCmfiisl m fja g(5il
the weeks went by the senators
fell away, History threatens to
repeat itself in the case of the new
puct. Mr. Lodge is trying a bit of
uonitructtve work now, and that '
1 bitterness toward Mr Wilson mad 1
v..m tlreleaa flrhtnV- Hla
to nave i-ionry i.aDor. ixidge to a
lasting document will causae him
I to break a trace on the new asso
jciatlon of nations plan but he has
a rocky way to travef.
The republicans are far from
harmonious on tariff legislation
they propose to enact. They aru
In a very confusing mlxup over
their program for protection. It
will take cool and wise heads t
tarry out the purpose of the ad
iflnir.tration. Penrose is needed now more
than ever before since his pgilv
ttgalned the White House and th
congress.
The old cut-snd-dried seliedu:
that Senator Aldrlch and Undo
Joo Cannon 'used to put through
Is a thing of the past. Mr. Pen
rose was the last to know how to
mcnipulate it.
From this time on It looks lik
a free for all.
Weather Forecast
WASHINGTON,
J a n,.
Forecast for;
WJf4ifc"""'IWaa-l"'T,rWfT,('
-rBitnr
Fair and colder Friday? Satur
day fair, colder on thn coast
Tennessee: Fair and (.older
Friday; Saturday fair with rls
ing temperature.