Newspapers / Fayetteville Observer [Weekly, 1880-1919] … / Jan. 31, 1907, edition 1 / Page 2
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4 1 . 1 'i .J ' I ft Id 'I 4: ill i ?1 UIK (BEllVi:iL JAOTTARY j. W- 4. HALE, Editor mi rwyridw, Ef.KAlX.Jr., Uuiftr, THt OEMCCHATtC OOWKtr." VV Cad Ike fckraitg Is tt fcjU wyr ga: ' 'OTtpr4 Out f Um Cc t ' hum th HMnmA Kxxe i..t was I .fstp,g la tike baiaaee, many of fc nxM jaSueatisl RrpMitaa bfkUhf it with all lieir fsigfet :t ni tin? fMwwrum who tnntyt tie leases 4 iiamtA ft ytMButn. it-ti "S K k 'lla gj tocether on a Mrasoay - i that sist oxt tb Ixos'X-riMi ew v, aad .16 trtndtmt ;& btt I . op. of 'b . yAat-ft ' ' vote l prvtoimltr, t". t the .. )!i3See jrr did It . Meat rjjc..;i, HT. " 5'it tb Fod V.'.L Mr ! ;1 th br rt' .-n Tfce lacxr.'; duifce-y j-.: ba iv'th tkk of th eM. fc t V teat a&4 irtirdw of tfc :'j axd : itit ijwt t-vrry. Hv. : .1 ie rjfrrif)n im&i jltji i V-v";; Hr' '!-' ;t a iyV -".jrntisfcj at d "fe prvweei' - I th i ; . - 'i diar J"Tr 'Y "V '.ff.'f- tli I.-. .TTJa iav Vje ft ytrisd ;i4wi: 'jf : riff its ;r txs?tit?! ilS. tMLSi r'x.-.v -lit UL Ti Itmyifz . -ji Sa C'-wtJ'i o Vt . ib'AZ, WKt tb : ', ill r --sr a?,r t - im WJ of tfc cr?d;t. Tii lwsi tr jair,. r-l-ti ' t.Vr Kfeva'v.icii . t Ukr-s- ' sirttaia 6r f lb ; rratlTa tx T-jrim. h i as o4 vr ia Ea th: th I.'.: 'iti. Us aa! Us T'r; ic i guo- -.ttAij UWr-ii kre i..a 'ibst i Wauitf Uurtr ha 6 Britain U tfruuiXM hj tUr rtJ that nr- lb Eia)rtt lii tk (M.iar lrawh Parliament u lbl etrjr, oo to cjaturj. to!(tbt omtrci tta f kf;r-a- WAir, h'tl that woM sa j.rt as t'MriA iA ttfe vrtfrumui b aa . atut. fo call th fmrjcraUe inrtj th prutitrT d-Igaffcn, bat it ioUJ maae '" b If w tbouid chang oar form of fntramtM. by anxudisg the Coo- , 'vUm ' it mA the new condition ,,yd by tb rf Use tnn of forw la Brr atrtot bfi4 bla rorrstMi Ui tb aceofD- br: - jf rofh a ebzogn. There 't' . ..vJ b so cjibprouiiiwr; of pria- . . -u;h a tb Hunl-rr.b.-, btrt tb2 laasM os!4 be clear tnt zai the 'liolar will wwjld Rod ojpI.u e rrmoa la the lav. THE UNIVERITY. Maetinf of Trustee Report of tn Prcaident. ' The annnal rowfiitu of the b-jui of trnateee of the Loiveraity waa be Id )eatrday afb?roooa la the crnrm'lr'a . Governor fjleao prWi.-g. The i::uiww traatees were hi attestf- Her. J. 0. Atkitwoo. BUn Co!!ge; K M. Arm 6e)4, Hi(b Poic tt. H. Battle, Perrin Btwbee. Benr.-bAa Caa eroB, Iw. H. f. LHxg, jrMr b j fan iela. CUo4f!-.7 Drjekery. R. T. Graf. T. 8. Keoaa. Dr. K. H. Lewla. of ftaJetifb; W. J. Has-kiaa, Warreo, J. Al' ra Holt, Oalirord; Jb W. friea, W!r; R. A. baoftHtoo. AlWtbanr; John Hprnirt Hilt, Durham; E. J. Hl rayeturrllle; H. A- Loadoa. Htuboro; Hani B. Menaa, Omcord; K. B. hedvlte, Un ion; A. M. Bcalea, Greenabcri; C. M. Klea4mao, Greensboro; H Weil, Goldaboro; Fraacti l. A'loaioi. Wiod w: f.hr1r W. tt'orti, WliniaatoB, and W, f, WbilaeU, of Gollf -) eoon- tx- The rezlKiiatioD of Dr. Thomas llnme. am prfeaor of Kagllirti, waa ampt4 w take effect Jane fth, cjm mwucement day. He will le confirmed a profetixor of tnatbematlci. without aalar, having been provided for by a penalon from the Carneg: educa tion (and, on account of h'.i if and Ion aerrlce. The death of Captain K. A. Ranv aey, of Durham, a member of the board, waa announced, and a commit tee waa named to prepare aa!'ble rea oljilon of reap'.t A cmjtnitt. appilnt(:d to -lt the tr? i i in presenting the need of the l uUemlty to the proper committee of the iegiilature. Thoaa ou the committee an: Mr. R. T, Gray, Colonel B. firneron, Mera. Claudlun Drkery and Perrln Hull., All membera of tb execottye com mlttee were re-elected, and they are: A. B. Andrew. H. H. Battle, K. H. liuibee. J. 8. Carr. JrMU-nhna Diinlala Claudiua Dockery, John W. Graham 'llinaa 8. Ki.-iiau ami HIi LjiiI Hr Lewla. ' ' I'realdetlt Venabla waa prexent and eubmltted bit annual report, which waa llatened to with much pleaiure. The following U taken from th re port of the prenident: Comparison of Incor.ea, "A comparative aUtetneot of , in comea and equipment of three repre tentativo Southern universities fol lows; . - , Equipment Income. TJnlv, of Va.. , ,11 .r.00,000 f IRS.OOO Univ. of Texas., JiSO.OOO 292,000 Vandnrtillt U,...J, 10,000 147.000 Univ. N. C...... 700,000 108,000 This amount does not include any portion of the equipment or buildings from which Income I derived, nor new buildings erected in place of those destroyed by Are. Total may be estimated at more than $100,000" enrollment of students The rejiort shows that six years ago (ho students at the University of North Carolina numbered 612, where at the enrollment for tbls seutlon will be close to 760, ao Increase of nearly (0 per cent. This necessitates t much larger force of teachers, and . Presi dent V enable states that It would re quire at least 120,000 to nil out the complement of teachers In the various department, - Needs of the University, Tim following statement Is made In regird to the needs of the Institution: ' I will simply repeat here the needs laid down la my report of last year. "1. More dormitory room must be provided for the students. , - n. Additional lecture room. This n l will be mot in part as separate I uiMltms are provldod for the various H'nmwiita. Nearly fifty rooms for ii i. riy lined, m dormitories are at pre f est mZ.xi fcjr tt dtf artaketa cf Its- l prvriA "A tA tu mfj boat lie iTr faraiifciiMpi cf laaomadK, l ae7 vita Oat wear s4 Uc a4 to sea ta atnat awror lotaa f aew au-iCiM aa4 aM&aaees. h tvtea tkr- aad few iVwwal AaJiar i t$est aaaali!r ( tfeeaa. aM a large pt of an la la aenakaMe at temi, miem mm be rni6a4 caca year, jU4itknal laaiaf fore. Tkia baa lieum 4iafain4 eteevlbere la tke nyort. a Amiausta, . at aaiar K f fSMi U M. lutrvun I, at aaWt rf O U icl Frrecawa. . at aabvlea U X lo A4CtVal baiidtaaa: Repair V tmlktiig. on t gnmrntm. IMM hMi'Hi to vaurrorta. beaOsa: as4 I:!aitj ptejtt, 124AM; aev 4fatit bait kitr. eU, tli.M: nct tati Intuitu. WikVt. iaflraary. tii,. Ebeiiwni bolia lav taiitfitx. KS,W; McMa tabnra u7, V-'..M: 4arBtarr hdWac 11 brt3J iaaoraterT. $44jlM; p logr aj4 misief aa4 anoeuav. Ttmbie Arrainntett ef the saeV ml Oil Cewaawy. ST Wnrmt U Ott tmnrnj H'iJih: :gvja, Jaa. M Tie aaoat ter ri. amcgsait 4 the Staadaiw Oil Cvajar y ssade by ettber felrate 'sr ysXibr. tarugator was that t&4 wi'A rgr-i vnUj by ta Iaier Jate- OfflKBrtrToe Comwrtsaioet Kaerr wjrwsrrabie corpora)! ertave. '?r l.-jwfc'aailoa aa4 fae pre Usmi to bribery, corrsvtioa 'A tie :t .vj iA-ytrrf of pabSe eC- ji i vxtiimui ta tkc eazaicae of efetrgea. i A tte criSMS rhvpA aeaiaat gtaa-iard W. Oxataay by tbe ln wrU-iJr C'fEiBrr Cosaaissaua ; H'K;y,,zx'jm. kaifag of eoEejeti 'x ditcr.'-.iaaUoa. faiae pretesaea. frt-A br.ttrr, rjrrp(ioaof th preoa, tfwtrrrj of State bwpeetora. K.--lie tufgnstM bylbe Coasaiis eios : WiAjria'ioa of the prodactica aisd the traacp'irtatiua of ofL Tb 8W-3bo tp tx rates lor lb traaa porutius of oiL After a Vg atd paiasUkJog isvea UijatioB. ordered by Cocgms. hi iib biu4rdj of witaeawa were es xkowA in varloaa cities of tb ems try, and azople opportunity alea the oil ortvs to defend Haeit te f'JOBjtuioa aaakee a report thai cwaa pietety ovenhadows th aeeaatioaa! e sdoeerea revoiled in the report of CoBaiaavrM-r of Corporatioas Gar Seid oa tbe same sebjeet last May. Sir. GarS tf ( retort was eoBfiBed largely to the relations of the 8tasd ard Oil Cosspaay to the railroads of the country; the Interstate Commerce Commlasion's report goes into th wno sube of monopolistic eontrol (d the til mr1r4 WrTk n.ih r4 detail, ft deaeribea the devkna nseth- jj cspiored by the Rockefeller eon Ma to crash eompetitioa. , &me of the methods are oetNaed oy the Coramiasioa as follows The Standard has sold different grades of oil at different prices from the same barrel. "It has paid employes of independ ent oil companies (or informatioa as to the baaiaeaa of thea mMlim and has paid employes of the indos- irau compajnes to seeare the adop tion of Hs oil 'in preference to that or its enmpetitore. "It bas followed every barrel of oil to Its destination. Its agents are in- siroctee ui seeare eastomen at any sacrifice. "It has tampered with the oil In spectors of dlffemwt Rlatx . TV. 1. . of several States eoocernlng tbe la. "pwcuon or ou are Kngviarty oefee- uve. sna uita aaa aeea tenuid m It by the Standard. The Staadard bays advertisfnr siac in many newspapers which It fills, not wtth advertiMia h-t with reading matter prepared by agents gept lor that perpoae and Mid for at advertJifn nta diaarv na. Tbe uniMin i k. this literatare fornlabea many of the uraenmg tae great benefits eon- inm SD03 in nnbiie bv th at a. ard Oil Cosmuiv. Tb Standard baa repeatedly, after Bwworag in owner of a competing exonanr. eoatlaaMl mu t der the old name, carrying the Idea u im you lie uat ue company was still mderiul4fif inl Mwint. .i.k. wu.u-CV.Ma 'JI the Standard. "It has used such pnrchaaed or in 4epetdently orgar.'zed eomanles to kill 03 txm-!",ar : hv avu-f. reducing ,r.m. The operation of such fake inde pendent eoocerna haa baa u. most effective means of destroying The Standard has haMtnail rxiavn. ed the orice aeainat its mmnMiinr in a particular locality, while maln- uumng its prices at other places. When eomrjrtitlja waa Mtn-vi u restortd or advanced former prices." me iximmisston s only know led ce of the competitive methods of the Standard Oil Company, says the re port, was obtained from eridene ta ken under oath. It la stated that th Standard waa given permission to ex plain or rebut the facta. This evidence, if true." continues the report, "demonstrates that the competitive methods of the company In the past have been unfair and even disreputable. Its motto bas been the destruction of competition at aar cost, and this policy has been pursued without much reference to decency or cr-rnalnnow) and It Is significant thai the larger independent red Der sell the greater' part of their product In foreign countries. One Independent testlfkd that 73 per cent of bis pro duct went abroad, and said that he could compete with the Standard In Germany, where Its methods as fot- towed in -this country would not be tolerated, but that be could not com pete with It here." R to the opinion of the Commission that Misting lav Is Inadequate to cope with theevlls complained of. It may become necessary.'' says the report, "for the uprooting of ea- taDiisned wrongs and the prevention of others that the government shall fix In the first Instance the rate and regulations for the transDortation of oil, "This method bas been adonted bv the legislature of one But. It will probably be found necessary to dis associate, in the case of oiL as In that of other commodities, the function of transportation from that of production and transportation." The Investigation by the Commls- lon failed to dispose of any Instance where a railroad com Dan v had been Interested directly In oil lands or, in petroleum production. Only one ln Unce was discovered where officials Of a railway company were interest ed in the production and sale of oil. This related to certain officials of the Baltimore and Ohio Southwestern Railroad which owned stock of the Argasi Rs!2? Cocepasr, wiicx was oa t&ss ntemssumOMSMm a-'urvant wA. W th .&aaaJjK3sttJV aal th kdtrkatta cmuski wbJeata road traaaaerrtal ta the GaJcata OU Cuasaoay, -a Standard cawera. Dtsesusrfag ia detail Ma chargae agxtatst the aaastard Oil C-saajaay ta Ccatasisstosi nays ia paru The Standard OB Cuspacjr large ly aaoaoaoOaes ta biadHig tA stro4 cwaa front the saoash of th wtrO aatll it is sold to the retaikr. aad ttsaea to ta co eesBaary circaossstaacas) but anargia f profit Is very iarg. "The rrtwesK ssMms StiJe basts tar th sstaieB Ibst the ismriiaas diri deaals ef th Standard OO Oawpaay are th legtixaa rasalt of iU eaav oaniea. Exeept for Its pipe Eaea, th Staadard has bwt fitxle kItbwat asV vaatag ever th tadipt admit refla era. At the boats of (he sacsaopoty rest the pipe Ra. The Staadard stay to-day poasp oil fnses a weil ta Iadiaa Territory tx ftts icftacry i Jer sey City. The coat of piping a bar ret of oil frass th Kaasaa Seid to the Atlantic Seaboard woald not he ntach. If aay. aho-r thirty ceata. The taiepeadat ref aaa is lacated asaaily near th ao-tre of- the erode swpply. bat the Staadard locates Hs renames near th grtat eestten of distribviioa. Th isdepadeat redbaer ia the in terior of Kaaaaa tads H diScalt to dispose of his m'lTiisML saeh as taei oil heeaase th railroad rat is ai bmsc as stsch as Ha raise: baa the Standard has at the sVoors of the re laery ia Kasaas City a market at a favorable price for a bug pan of its by-prodact. aad this Is of tLsetf aa eaormoas advantage "Pta mmiim of the pipe liaes ea aMea the Standard to absoiately coa trol th price of crade petroaeam. and th price which ha competitors ta a given locality shall pay. It eaa rata th price bi on locality aad obtain its own oil front another aad reverse the process when it desires to do so. The pipe ttae system of the Stand ard I not a aataral. bat rather aa artificial advantage. The reason why pipe tine eompetiag with those of th Standard have not been provided ia fovnd la obstacles thrown In th way of saeh andertakiaug, having been op posed by th railways, whose right of way has generally stood as a Chinese wall against all attempts W. extend pip Haea However, In cases brought to the attention of the Commission every facility has been extended by the railways tp the Standard for th eonetrnetiesi of pipe lines. ""While the 8 lamia rd haa not re ceived rebates It has nevertheless ea- jo7e secret rates possessing all of the elements of illegal rate and the advantages so obtained over inde pendent shippers have been a very great value to that company." The Commission then relate sever al Instances of this kind similar to those detailed in tb report of the Commissioner of Corporations, and proceeda: The ruin of it competitors has been a distinct part of the policy of the Standard Od Company ia th past, systematically and persiateotly persoeo. one method has been the organization of perfect system of espiooige over theahlpmenu of its competitors; malting in knowledge as to th destination of every ear of oil leaving the refinery of an Indepen dent. The Standard agent at the des tination (s held responsible If the In dependent oil is sold. It does not ap pear that the railroad companies have directed the famishing of this infor mation or that the practice has been anactJoned by the superior officials of th road, but It does appear that such iniormauon was systematically ob tained from railroad employes. The testimony shows that the Standard at on time, if It does not now, devoted n fund to the purpose of obtaining this information. It haa frequently happened when the supply of In dependent oil in a particular locality waa low and a shipment was peculiar ly necessary, that the shipment bas unaccountably gone astray. "Information also appears to have been given th Union Tank line, a creature of the Standard, concerning the whereabouts of Its cars, while nch information was not furnished the owners of other tank cars, and some discrimination In tank-ear mile age in favor of the tank line. Is show, for one railroad. Many roads Issued passes on account of the Union Tank Line which were In fact used by the selling agents of the Standard. Many loeal agents of roads have been ia the employ of the Standard, and this may account for the snaatls factory service accorded independent shippers. Most roadj rt?an on oil tank ears destined to destined signees who do not have the proper facilities for an loading, such as stor age tanks so situated that the oil can be transferred) by pipe from the tank ear to the storage tank. This has brought About the erection 'of distribution tanks' la an parts of the country. The tanks are necessar ily located near the railroad tracks, and there was much complaint that the railroads allowed the Standard to erect tanks at convenient points on the railroad right of way and declined to accord this privilege to independ ent refiners. ' The Commission Is sat tolled that such discrimination has been very generally, practiced in the past ,;- : , Closing Its report with discussion of the difficulties confronting the gov ernment In coping with all these evils. the Commission says; "Since the past petroleum rates have not always been established to promote, but often to check traffic. and the tariffs are more or less per meated with discriminations In favor of the Standard Oil Company, having been built up during a series of years In that view, it may be that this dis crimination will never be eliminated by any process of complaint against a specifle rate or practice. Judging by the past discriminations as to this trade may arise more frequently than those now existing can be routed out by that method. In no other impor- I taxt traJBc is t&ere aa ap$rca to ite M"r uv PHWHS UI fens paay ia tfcat of OT Trial etW ras dies ia mUiixm to thai already prw tlded it nsay b irreanry to Brsacrsb eaa h betur aVfermiaed ia the arar (start by th reaait of experience ia atfsaisisteriag tb pswsestf taw." 6trl lUwweV ta Ktaert. The Iaterstat Coasawanee Coata eassi to-day trsaawrftled to Cteareas ks repeat sader the Joint icsnestisa of Ccwgreas approved March T, 1W, wwnrrwlag th iwtatloa efshe nwa carriers by rail to th prcrfac- tfcss aad distribution ef ott. Th re port covers th eferrf ssrfka. of petnav earn aad its prodwets east of the Mias- iaalppl River, aad, iaaddeataSy. the sUaaas atd Texas aVsids. The CosaaUaskoa refers to the re port apoa oil aad its prodartioa and eistrftwlioa I amid by the Comaal- sicner of Corforattoaa. aad said that each report leaves Bttle to be added lo th aaderstaadiag of th sabject ao laauaee is iDaM where aay railway company has bee totereated ia oil leads or ia petroiram prodoe- tion. aad only one iaauae Is shown where oaVials of a railway comoaar were tetertsted la th prod action aad saie of oil This relates to certaia cecals of the Baltimore aad Ohio Sonthwestern Railroad having own stock of th Arxaad Reania Cna- paay. which was oa their reeosnmea- datioa afterwards sold to the Staad ard Oil Compear, aad the bsbrieaOns contract which theroad transferred ta the Galea Oil Company, a Standard fnattdar The Staadard Oil Compaay largely nionopoUxes the haadHag of petrol- earn from the month of the well un til rt is aoM to the retailer, aad times to the consomer. aad ander or dinary drcsaasUacea its marcia of profit ia very large. Estimates m ia the report show a profit oa refined oa from th Sugar Creek refinery at Kansas City of from 5 to f cents per gallon. A mnch higher profit is indi cated for gasoline. The sale of re fined on from the large Standard re finery at Whiting is correspondingly profitable. The eTideaee shows HtUe basis for the contention that the enormoas div idends of the Standard Oil Compaay are the legitimate result of Us econ omies. Except for Ms pipe lines, the Staadard has but little legitimate ad vantage over the independent reftner. The Standard beys advertising space in many newspapers which it Oils, not with advertisements, but wtth reading matter prepaied by agents kept for that purpose and paid for at advertising rates, as ordinary news. The assumption is that this fit eratare famishes many of the ideas touching the great benefits conferred upon the public by the Standard Oil Company. The report points oat generally the methods by which the Standard has nam up ana perpetrated its mono poly and the relation of transporta tion agencies to that monopoly. At the basis of the monopoly rests the pipe line. With refineries on th At lan lie seaboard, in Pennsylvania, Ohio, Chicago, Kansas City, and various other points, which are all connected with the principal oil fields and with each other by a network of pipe lines, the Standard may to-day dump oil from a well in Indian Territory to its refinery at Jersey City. The cost of piping a barrel of oil from the Kan- saa Held to the Atlantic seaboard would not be mnch. If any, above' 30 cents. The Independent refiner la lo cated usually near the source of the crude supply, but the Standard lo cates its refineries near the great centers of population while the inde pendent refiner in Interior finds It difficult to dispose of his resi duum, such as fnel oil, because the railroad rate to almost as much as Its value; but the Standard has at the doors of Its refinery in Kansas City a market at a favorable price for a Urge part of this by-product, and this to of itself an enormous advant age. The refined product cm be distribu ted cheaper and with better facilities from a dlstrllmtir.g center like Kan sas City than from a noncompetitive point Possession of the nine lines enables the Standard to absolutely. eontrol the price of crude petroleum sad the price which its competitors in a given locality shall pay. It can raise the price In one locality and ob tain Us own oil from another, and re verse the process when it desires to do so. Whoever controls the avennea of transportation of the raw material or of the refined product ran worn! Hy drive hls-e-arfieQtorsoat of ex- sad the production and dis tribution of petroleum is no exception to the rale. The Standard maintains a system of telegraphic lines In con? neetion with it pipe line, patting ev ery part of Its producing And refining operations into most intimate rela tions. ; ; ' J: The pipe line systemof the Stand ard Is not a natural, bat rather an ar tificial advantage. Any person with sufficient capital, and the expense is not great can construct tnsnnmi. a pipe line. The reason why long$tpe unee competing with those. of the Standard have not been provided Is found In obstacles thrown In the way" of such undertakings, having been op posed by the railways, whose right of way has generally stood as a Chinese wall , against all attempt to extend pipe lines, from the railway stand point the pipe line takes the traffic which therallways would otherwise obtain; butln cases brought totbe at-i ten tlon of the Commission every fa cility has been extended to the Stand ard for the constrnctlonof pipe lines, uroinaniy the Standard bas not re ceived rebates In recent years, so far as has been discovered. Only one in stance was shown In this Investiga tion, which was In the provision of expensive and - extensive storaee fa cilities at Chicago by th Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway for the Standard for which the Standard paid nothing. The chief traffic official of that road gave Instructions that ttae dargKS ste.34 not be eouacs ad they had tm lrs cozened xt0 t .'.r before (h swartag. Whl tie Standard has act rcci(4 nfesSes. it has nevertheless 'savored secret rates prawtsartiig a3 th tkmtmlM of CScsal rales, and the atsvaatajpw so eetaia- d ever ttaftepeadeat sHipers have beea of very great raise to that essnv paay. These secret rates are todl- eated ta the very fsH report aaa by the Coaasaisrkiaer of CororallOBa. while th railways hare gmeraJQv doa all ia their power to prevent their coBstrsctioa by competitors of the Staadard. Aa aiesapt at the res eat time to toastiwet aa Independent pipe Ba woald probably act aaeetth saate sort of epposstioa. The crade oil is ceaeraOr traasDorted hv nis lis aad the retaed oil by rafl. Nameroas lasts ares of diacslmlaa tfc ia favor of the Stasulard icsalt lag from the peb&shed railway rates were fooad. A low rate of je eeats per m poonds upon pefroieam and Its prodacts existed for ssaay years from Xeodoaha. Kaas, where the Standard operated a refinery, to Kan sas City. This was for the interest of the Staadard; bat when the Staadard eoBstrscu! Ms refinery at Smear CAek. Kansas City, and connected It by pipe Use wtth the Kansas on wells. the riil rate was advanced from 1 to 17 eeats per 11 postnda. While the railways insist that this was not done at the instance of the Standard. the significant fact remains in this and many other cases called to the Cotnmission s atteatioa, that the rate was Dot changed until It came to be fur the Interest of the Standard that It shoald be changed, and it was also changed exactly as that company would naturally desire. The increase ia the rate also rendered it Just so mnch more difficult for the independ ent Kansas City operators to compete with the Standard Oil Company, and increased by Jast that amount its ad vantage and the price at which It could market its oiL Before the rate Itself was advanced. the railways' estimated weight for ail products of peiroiemn was advanced from M pounds per gallon to 7.4 pounds per gallon, except fu ! oil which retained the former estimated weight This change in estimated weight caused one dealer in crude oil to lose fC.CM per year in a contract to furnish such oil to Omaha gas com panies and the contract was finally turned over to the Standard. Formerly through rates were in. ef- f3et on refined oil from Pennsylvania aad Ohio Points to territory west of Chicago, but in 18e the great refin eries of the Standard were erected at Whiting, lad, near Chicago, and thereupon Haea west of Chicago de- dined to Join in through rates with lines from the east and the Independ ent refiners were compelled to pay full locals from the point of ship ment to Chicago plus the full local be jond. This increased the through .-ates to Its competitors and aggravat ed the advantage which the Standard possessed by reason of its ability to pump Its oil to Whiting 'at a small cost and refine It at that point Al most every commodity takes a blank et rate to the Pacific coast from an points east of the Mississippi and north of the Ohio, but to this rule pe trol earn is a notable exception. The rate for Instance, from Cleveland to San Francisco, to the fuB local to Chi cago added to the rate from Chicago to the coast The Commission long ago pointed out that the railway schedules of this eounti7 were filled with discrimina tions of this character In favor of the Standard Oil Com nan v. which could not as the law then stood, be corrected. The Commission refers to its report or decision in the New Torn, New Haven and Hartford Rail road case, -which Involved refusal of that road to Join in through rates npon petroleum, as It did upon other commodities, and wherein it waa shown that the Standard thereby ob tained a monopoly of the territory cov ered by that railroad system and di rectly put Into its treasury between 200,000 and 1300.000 per year. The Commissioner of Corporations has col lected In his report many instances of a similar character. .The ruin of its competitors has been a distinct part of the policy of the Standard Oil Company in the oast systematically and persistently pur- sued. One method has been the or- inlzation of a perfect system of espionage over the shipments of its competitors, resulting In knowledge as to the destination of everr ear nf oil teartnr the refinery pi pendent The Standard agent at the destination la held responsible If the Independent oil to sold. It does not appear that the railroad companies have directed the furnlahinsr of this Information, or that the practice has been sanctioned by superior TOfflclals of the roads, but It does appear that such Information Is systematically ob. tamed, from railroad employes. . The testimony shows that the Standard at When You Btiy Spoons kWwi, forks, te,, bay MllaM bran, jvra if they do cart s little mors. .JBcyafvwvnaiMaiDeraace, if Is th (tamp M Ib-wm rraalaa Kof eulity, raawaa for wear, SoUThy trading staler swibti For Catalog "c-fc," address th AVfaMrsTtlli A aa am fcttaraeSassI gSrsr da., V , s am tB, if It doe, ma mam, devoted a fxbd to U p.rpoe cf ebutiadcg this ttforsaaaoau.,, H has frejsecyy hap- peat wfcea th swpply of todepewd eat oil hi a paiticalar territory wa. kw aad a asupacest was peewllarly esary. that the & has ue arcounttMy gone astray. Iaforasatioa also appears to fcT beea givea tb Talcs. Taak Liae. a creaiare of the Suttdardl coaceraiag the whereabouts of hs cars, while such lcJorauIioa was net teaisbed to ether of tank cars, aad some elsseriminatioa in tank-car mileage ia favor of the taak Has is shown for one railroad. Many road issued pastes oa account of the Union Taak Liae which were la fact ased by aeOiag agents of the Staadard. Sissy local aexs of road have bee ia the employ of the Stand ard, aad this may account for the un satisfactory service accorded inde- peadeat shippers. Most roads charge higher rates on oil la tank cars destined to consignees who do not hare proper facilities for un loading, sack as storage tanks so situated that the oil can be trans- lerrea by pipe from the taak car to the storage tank. This has brought about the erection of distribution tanks in all parts of the coon try. The coat of erecting such a tank is not very great and the rule would ordin arily impose no hardship; bat It the practice of the Standard, when ever a competitor so erects a tank, to reduce the price of oil in that lo cality to such a py-zt as to make the business unprofitable .o the competi tor, while prices were maintained in other localities. Whoever would com pete against the Standard must erect these tanks not at one, but at many points, and this requires large invest ment The tanks are necessarily lo cated near the railroad tracks, and there was much complaint that the railroads allowed the Standard to erurt it t . .xs at conv.-niint lants on the railroad nlit of war and de clined to accord this ;.riviki;o to in dependent refiners. The Commission is satisfied that such discrimination has been very generally practiced ii the past ine report snows that at present every considerable railroad in the United States is buying of the Galena Oil Compaay, one of the Standard companies, most of its lubricating and signal oils, the price paid for rubricate log oiL which ia of three grades, be ing substantially the same to the va rious roads. The contracts generally contain a guarantee to. the road that the cost of lubrication shall not ex ceed a certain sum per car mile or engine mile, and provide for oil In spectors appointed by the oil company to supervise the use of the oiL The Galena Company Is rarely called upon to pay anything; under, the guaranty, ana tne prices obtained by the oil company are extravagantly high. Oils of the same grade could be bought In the open market for about one- half the Galena Company's prices. The traffic official of one railroad com pany is said to have stated that the Standard traffic waa many times that of an Independent and that that set tled the proposition. Another operat ing official wanted to contract with an Independent concern, but declared the matter off after a conference with the president Most roads prefer to stand on the guaranty, and no other concern proposes to give such a guar anty. Standard's Method of Competition. a .a . own ui me methods of competi tion Indulged in by the Standard are as follows The Standard has repeatedly, after becoming the owner of a competing company, continued to operate it un der the old name, carrying the Idea to the public that the company was still independent and competing with the Standard. It has used such Dur- cmuea or lndenendentlv nmni t- s . companies to kin off competitors by uch companies reducing prices. The operation of such fake independent concerns bas been one of Its most ef fective means of destroying competition- The Standard has habitually reduced the price against its competi tor in a certain locality, while main taining its prices In other places. When competition was destroyed it restored or advanced former prices. The Standard has sold different grades of oil at different prices from muic murei. it nas paid em ployees of Independent oil companies for information as to the business of those competitors, and has paid em ployees of Industrial companies to se cure the adoption of Its oil In prefer-ence-to-that of IU competitors It has followed rryiiarref of Independ ent oil to Its destination. Its agents One onne Results t liberally urine our fertlli- avrs.is to payoff a morWrag fatholdnn. KeiithT?" ywin iroim aeaars. w harry Boo, owners of tks Mamoiia rot "nn, Dorant, J(laa.r " BBMia raw iron am a.ii fartlibers were owd. EUrht IfV3Low boOsTht this place " f . J' "". It was then considered ta haam K wn. ?' $""' fears baton, bal VfsAng Ftriniztrt under pas and velvet beans, ws ean aow erow almost any tWnjNSnd g.T. tMea g sMpnsonfortbaplaes, Ws Upertawnted WItA agriS Piany brands of ferWaers! but find the hiebest percent &!2rm doatlou think ..-"r77 " w pay on a &rjej If you bad oust . Well, don't naa an mh.. VWfieUaraUaa Cheavkai Ce. tichmofid. TSi -lorTolk.Va. Durham, R.O. . Charleston. S. Q. Baltimore, ltd. Atlanta, oa. vannah, Oa, . optavimery, Ala. Womphle, Ywia, , ttmvaport, L Ba (m are fcjisracted to secure cattomers at aay sacrifice. It has tampered with the oil tetpectors in different States. The laws of several States concerning th Inspection of oil are singularly de fective, and this has bees turned to profit by th Standard. The Coamtlsioa's only knowledge of ta competitive methods of the Stand ard Oil Compaay Is obtained from er idene taken under oath is this Inves tigation. The Standard was given per salasioa to explain or rebut the facts. Thia evidence, if true, demonstrates that the competitive methods of the compaay ia the past have been unfair aad even disreputable. Its motto bas beea the destruction of competition st aay cost sad this policy has been psrsned without much reference to decency or conscience, and it is sig nificant that the larger Independent refiners sen the greater part of their product In foreign countries. One In dependent testified that 7S per cent of his produce went abroad, and said that he could compete with the Stand ard in Germany, where Its methods as followed in this country would not be tolerated, but that he could not compete with It here Remedies. More than anything else the pipe line has contributed to the Standard Oil monopoly, and Its supremacy must continue until its rivals enjoy the same transportation facilities. The amended act to regulate commerce makes the existing pipe lines com mon carriers subject to that act, and the power to prescribe just and rea sonable rates, regulations, and prac tices, after complaint and hearing, is conferred upon the Commission. But the pipe line tariffs filed with the Commission are alleged to be of no actual advantage to the Independent operators. The Commission can only act npon these schedules after com plaint has been made challenging the specific rates, regulations, or prac tices. Some complaints are now pend ing. How far the amended act will prove adequate to the correction of such injustice as now exists In respect of this tariff remains to be seen. Since In the past petroleum rates hare not always been established to promote, but often to check traffic, and the tariffs are more or less per meated with discriminations In favor of the Standard Oil Company, having beea built up during a series of years in that view. It may be that this dis crimination will never be eliminated by any process of complaint against a specific rate or practice. Judging by the past discriminations as to this traffic may arise more frequently than those now existing can be routed out by that method. As to no other im portant traffic is there an approach to the monopoly of the Standard Oil Company in that of oiL Under these conditions it may become 'necessary to the uprooting of established wrongs and the prevention of others that the government shall fix in the first in stance the rates and regulations for the transportation of this traffic. This method haa been adopted by the legis lature of one State. It will probab ly be found necessary to disassociate In the case of oil, as In that of other commodities, the function of transpor tation from that of production and distribution. What other remedies In addition to those already provided it may be necesary to prescribe can be better determined in the near future by the results of experience In admin istering the present law. FLEA WILL NOTES. We are havine some verv cold weather at present which to greatly welcomed by those who killed during the recent warm snell. For many ft came too late. Some had al ready had to burr their mpat A fo after waiting a few days for colder weather purchased ice and nsed it in packing up their meat So far as we have learned those who did thi. m had the misfortune to lose any. nre aeeiroyea the meat house and store-room of Mr. H. A. McPhail last Thursday, and the residenrw nnlv a few yards distance, was saved through the Sorts Of a number nf man .K were present eneaeed In klllin. The kitchen adjoining the residence caught fire once, but it waa extln- tWO thousand DOUnds nf haonn iwin. stitutes part of the loss. Fanners are slowly maklnr nrenar. ations for their nineteen and seven crop. Indications now are that labor will be scarcer than ever. Rev. H. aT uvrv.n.1,1 v. ' .... , ma uew preacher on Cokesbnry Curcult fill ed his first appointment at Salem yes terday. The congregation was very te, considering the Inclement weather. Foxbunters were In lhl iwimmnn- lty a few nlghtii last week; hope they succeeded in catching some of me mii-s-n tincvcs.' The weddine belle bm rinin i ... tr '"ft'"e im this community. A very larara emwA nnAA o day school at Lebanon, 8unday after noon. . - - S C H OO L BOOKS! Wehave both HEW and SECOND-HANDS school books. " SLATES, CRAYON, PENCILS rw,VEBI?G KEDED IN THE SCHOOL ROOM. . " THE : NEW : BOOK t sthpci 19 OX! In making your BUSINESS ARRANGEMENTS FOR Remember that the ., - . Bank of FayctlcvillP Desires Your Banking Account. ' We are now located in our New Building, - " . - and have facilities gecond to none.' . - It lg the policy of the ' BANK OF FAYETTEVILLE to aid and assist in the development of the Cane Fes- f t ' , - " SALMAGUNDI'S COMMENTS. Vr. Editor; We are still walking . r beat sad watching th procewion , It hurrU along- Violations of the law of God and loan seem to be on tb Increase and these violations are not confined to the poor and Ignorant masses, but are Indulged In by those wbo are s learned and wealthy class. It behooves tb honest man to put on His thinking apparel and thoroughly u. Mitigate the matter. It to more im- nal than the yellow peril or the negro problem in any of lis phases. The system of education that fails to teach the practical lesson of honesty M be every-day life of the business w Id ought to be , abandoned and -substitute a better method. It Is claimed that the Standard Oil Com pany Is violating the charter granted to It by the government to carry on . specified business. Yes. it Is report ed and to being read and commented on by saint and sinner. John D. Rockefeller Is president of that char ged company. He Is also superin i ndent of Sunday 8cfaool; retires to .est at 10 o'clock p. m. and rises at i o'clock a. m. sixty or seventy-five thousand dollars richer In dollars than when he retired. The company bas been found guilty as charged In In dictments; a fine of one hundred thou sand dollars imposed. But what does hat avail to check lawlessness In a c cern whose president Is paid fifty .rtinand dollars every twenty-four hours, Including Sunday School hours., The company could pay thirty thou sand dollars a day for the privilege of , atlng existing statutes and grow '- i faster than any honest Industry ever did. The cost of their product is much less than the cost of drinking Water, or transporting sand, clay, tod or coal. But many other things ire going on equally as bad. . The pat ent or proprietary medicines are flood all the markets of the world, and no such humbuggery ever cursed the world since time began. The dealers who have sold it for years do not know what Is in it. except a little al 'cohol, the manufacture of which bas been taken away from honest com petitor! by cranks under the guise of elevating morality, and turned into the hands of monied syndicates who impose on the public by selling In ferior goods at extortionate prices, and sent another class of people to violate these unwise laws.so-called; they operate In swamps and supposed ly inaccessable places and keep pande- monlum in continual eruption. Their antidote for moral depravity is worse than the disease they proffered to cure. But probably it has served the purpose for which it was really in tended, piled the shekels Into the cof fers of a few individuals to the det riment of the public weal. Now these cranks, calling themselves Prohibi tionists or temperance societies, are not' necessarily mean, they are just dupes. Ignorant like the field bands who propc-;--d to root up the tares from among the growing wheat but -vere enjoined from doing so upon the reasonable grounds that It would injure the wheat and separation could be accomplished at harvest without damage. But the Scriptures teach that there ia none so blind as those who will not see. These people dis regard the Divine plan and adopt in ventions of their own make, hence the confusion. They have collisions Induced by th4 greed for gain In worldly wealth They are impelled by selfish motives. They ' succeed ofj times in fooling the people as to their real object, and when the deception Is discovered they abandon the pursuit and organize a new method. See pro hibition. It don't prohibit see dispen saries. They don't regulate, see low license and high license. The drink habit has prevailed for more than five thousand years and if It is an evil that evil haa be aggravated by all legislation on the subject It might do some good to impose a fine for public drunkenness on the streets or highways or even In' the home It the victim was abusive or brutal to his family or servants. But It Is in excusable folly to put good people to inconvenience because a few act In discreetly. It would be better to build an asylum for inebriates than -to have such a state of affairs as now exists. Peace Is better than war regardless of the bone of contention. Our sys tem for the management of the liquor traffic-puts to shame the Inquisitions of the dark ages. It is not on the foundation of civilization and we be lieve it to be unconstitutional, except when martial law Is necessary. If that Is ever indeapenaible. We are not assuming the role of dictator but want the people to think about this matter, and we want their servants to think while they are assembled to gether and to act for the public good. SALMAGDNDI. . Cameron, N. C. January 26, 1907. ' From Clinton. Captain W. P. Wemya has returned from Clinton, vhere he went in the In terest of Clinton Chapter, No. 40, Roy al Arch Masons, which has been re organised recently, where he con ferred the degrees on twelve new members. Wise Counsel From the South "I want to give some valuable ad-. vice to those who suffer with lame back and kidney trouble," says I. R. DiauaeDsnip, oi Beat, icnn. "I have proved to aa absolute certainto that . ElectricBittera will positively cure this distressing condition. The first bottle gave me great relief and after taking a few more bottles, I was com pletely cured; ao completely that it btCOIuea-rS nlrmnre to rerntnrnenrl thiBgreatreniedy." Sold under guarT" antee at B. E. Sed berry's Sons drug store. '907. WILt DE GLAD to HAVE YOU CALL Of WWTeW
Fayetteville Observer [Weekly, 1880-1919] (Fayetteville, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Jan. 31, 1907, edition 1
2
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