V. SECTIONS V PAGE'S -TO--1,6 a ks - I K'yyKr o SEW SERIES, v TOL. IS. No. 4. HENDEKSOVILLE, KOBH CAROLINA, TIIIJESD AT, ' KO YEMBEB 2, 1911. $1.00 FEB TEAB. M mam. ... M . I Hill' JJY i; ! ' V I I I J IE VERSA The Fight Against Consumption by Dr. John Roy Williams, M. D., Hend erson ville, North Garoliria. ' : For centuries the ' scientific world has been vigorously active In an en deavor to control .-.. disease; and to eventually eliminate the C diseases which are known to he communicable and preventable. One" does not have to resort to medical literature to read of the fearful havoc WTOughtby. cer tain bacterial diseases,-for history is full of it; and the lay-literature "is today, and has beenfor many years, calling attention to the . ways and means t)f prevention. ,; With the advancement of civiliza tion and higher knowledge, a num ber of fearful diseases. which have in the past attacked nations in severe epidemic form, have yielded to the onslaughts of the army- of scientists v.ho have been devoting their lives to a study of the subject. The forts and fortifications which have been thrown up by this army of students, have been knowledge acquired by scientific re search an dobservations. With . big guns," like Koch, Pastuer, Jenner," von Behring, Hafkin, . Trudeau, Ehrlich and others, they have shelled the camps of disease with, bombs of im proved sanitation,- hygiene and reme dial agents, andhave wroughVhavoc in their ranks. , Some of you may recall the fearful epidemics of small-pox that have at tacked our people in different sec tions of the United States, yhen-communities have become decimatednay , that one time fearful disease. 1 Some of you may be advised as to the epi . demies of that disease in: other coun tries in past years, ut small pox no longer terrifies us as it once did. We still have it in many communities, Iso lated cases; and because-of its highly contageous nature, we- still quaran tine against it. But it is now; mild in its attack, death from it "being so rare that the medical profession has come to look upon it lightly from the stand point of its being a fatal disease, ' f On the 14th day of May, 1796,-Jen-.p ner took fromthe- hand of a dairy ; maid, some matter- from" a cow pox f pustule; and "with. it. hcinocculated the arm of a boy James Phipps by name, believing - it - wuld protect against small pox. July 1st, 1796, he inocculated this boy with some mat L Vis your Thearie so cheap it will pay" v you. The bargains you will find will be appre ciated by you.. Now is the time to cornel Men's . heavy . rawhide shoes $3 value for . . . . :. . u;. . . .r .v. . . .$2.50 Men's brogan shoes. $1.50 value. $1J25 ilen's brogan shoes, $.11.5 value. , , 93c The famous JeflFerspn trousers the best value in Hendersonville for the money. Positively worth $1.50, ging while they last at 98c. ; Best Oil Cloth .15e yd. Wooi NapvBlankets $3.00 value . . $1.95 Dixie Bread - Cloth worth 60 cents per yard for I ,l. .V.7i . --38c Peearl Buttons . .......... . .lc card i ' - OPPOSITE COURT HOUSE Ml ter from a small pox postute. and fail ed to produce the disease. From this experiment, vaccination, one of the world's greatest boons, has been giv en us ; and by it, the- terrors of small pox and all the .fearful consequences have been conquored. . In some coun tries where the . disease has been so prevalent, compulsory vaccination -has been enforced, and small pox is no longer known "there. This is partic ularly true in Germany and Sweeden. . Typhoid fever could with equal ease be eliminated. By -improved sanita tion, the conditions requisite for the propogation of the germ of typhoid fever can be removed, and by protect ing our people with Anti-typhoid vac cine, the disease could soon be stamp ed out of existence. Improved ' san itation and hygiene will also curtail the number of cases of scarlet, fever, diphtheria, malaria, and in fact all pf the preventable diseases. These disr eases have been properly termed "filth diseases," for the conditions out side of the human 'body Which are nec essary for- the :Propogation . of the germs which cause them, are .found only in dirty and filthy, places. Ifwe keep pur places free from filth' and decomposing organic matter, then the home of disease germs would be de stroyed, and soon there would be no more germ diseases. j But I wish particularly' to call your attention to the most wide spread of all diseases. TUBERCULOSIS; or as it is more generally .known, CON SUMPTION. To the scientist there is a distinct difference n the meaning of the two' words, but by the lay-world theyi are used synonamously. Tuber culosis is a single specific ; disease, while consumption is ;- tuberculosis j complicated by one-Qr more other dis eases. " - . - We define tuberculosis as being a chronic infectious disease .caused-by little germ , known as the "TUBER CLE BACILLUS." Jt may attack, any portion of the body, but attacks' the loungs more often than any other por tion. The germ is a little fod shaped piant, aDout l-ivuu or an men m nngth and 1-1QO00 has no of an inch in motion and docs breadth. It not increase in. numbers outside of the in mora nt my store, mv goods Boy's, first-class brogan shoes. .$1.15 Women's, hekvy Kangroo shoes $1.50 value ; for . . . . . . V. $1.25 Women's heavy Kangroo" shoes j . 98c LTmbrellas, 50c value for. . . . . . . . .25c 'Men's Hats, $1.00 value for....:. .50c 3 boxes Soda for f 3 boxes starch for Miles and Miles of - Talk toyour friends across die way about it Asli, your, next ddor neighbor about : '. . QmFS body: It. is eliminated from tie body of the person suffering from the dis ease, chiefly'; by the sputum cpughed up from the lungs. In some cases, we also find if in. the discharges from the bowel, the kidneys, and in. pus from tuberculous abscesses.' " - We define consumption as being a complication of diseases. It is tub erculosis upon which, has been en grafted one or more other diseases. Here we have the. tubercular areas at tacked by one -or more of the 'pus forming germs, by, the typhoid germ, the germs of pneumonia or the bacil lus of Influenza. - From this, you read ily see that we have a complication of diseases; : In 1882, Prof. Robert Koch, a Ger man health officer, discovered and 'de monstrated the cause of tuberculosis. Until then, It has been theoretical as to -the " true cause. Numerous and many theories were advanced, even from" the days of Hippocrates, who lived in the 4tb-century before Ctirist. Until Koch's discovery, inheritance was strongly advocated by the scien tific world ;,and even today, many phy sicians who are not close students of; the disease, still Jhold tcr the theory of heridity in tuberculosis. While the spcial students,,: of tuberculosis recog nize that in a few rare instances ' tu berculosis has ,'been- inherited, yet there "are so few instances of it that it is not entitled to very much con sideration. What we must consider, most in regard to. inheritance and tu berculosis is the 'possible predispo sition which the child may inherit from the tuberculous parent. This is not, a-specific predisposition to tuberculosis, however, but is a pre disposition to any and all of the com municable, diseases. It means no more than the child Is born witha weakened resistance to any and all diseases. ; Such a child should be care fully reared and given all of the ad vantages of modern hygiene and 'sani tation. If that is one - most of tthem wUl soon acquire strong, and vigorous constitutions, and have as much re sistance to disease as chjldren born of perfectly healthy parents'. Since the discovery of the tubercle bacillus, there has been born V mod ern knowledge of tuberculosis which is based on known facts and not on theory. . By means of it; we are now able to teach ways ind means for the control of the disease, and for pre venting further spread , .of iV-r Also latter day teaching ha shcTwn thf Y the disease is a curable one, and easily curab'le in the early stage. We are able to cure thousands "of cases now, when before but few were reclaimed. " I would, call your attention' partic ularly to the prevention of - tubercu losis. . It is a big subject, and,one that has interested me for the past eight years. I am not prepared to tell you just how many men and women are active today in the stiidy of this great question; but. suffice it to say that there are millions of them. That will ........ 10c calico for . . .5c yd. PHONE 188 y j ran pie their labor are not in vain is attested by the mortuary, statistics the "world over. In Boston, New Y6rk, .Philadel phia, Baltimore, Chicago, anjjmany of the .other large cities of the ;United States, in the past twenty -years - the death Vatie from tuberculosis has been reduced . on an average pf fifty-, per cent . It has been brought about by means of. the campaign of - education that was inaugurated about twenty five -years ago, and which is today be ing waged with greater: "yigorthan eveirbeforei - There are many indica tions that tuberculosis will be stamp ed ouj by this campaign. : :' k To qudte you the words of the cele brated DrOsler: "A Winning Fight." -"this is not a battle of a. year or a generation. The : probabalities areJ that it will take two or three genera tions at least bef eve : we have the mor tality from tuberculosis reduced to the rate,' say, of typhoid' fever in well reg ulated countries. This will probably be a matter, -of two or three genera tions. - Whether - tuberculosis wlir.be finally eradicated is an open-question It is a-foe that is deeply intrenched in the human race, but . when we .think of what has been don$ in one gsnera tion, how mortality bas been reduc3d in some localities 50 or' even 100, per cent, we at least feel thatywe can con - tihue the battle with hope, and so long as We are fighting with hope; the vic tory is in sight." .. We are teaching the: "masses con cerning predisposition to tuberculosis. It is being taught that -predisposition is divided into -three kinds individu- aL family and dracial. Some familes are undoubtedly more prone to tuber- culosis than others. This is likewise-' What are the ; symptoms and' signs true of races. Individual predisposi-: of begining tuberculosis? First, there tion is usually brought about by im-)ss lassitude, or lack of energy. Gradu proper living, and by excesses in eat-.ally the" appetite begins to fail until ing and drinking, as well as by not eating enough. It may be said to the ladies that if they will yspend less money on "straight fronts, hobble and harem skirts' and buy more butter and spread it a little thicker on their cracker, it will be far more difficult for the tubercle bacillus. to obtain en tre into the' society of their tissue'! the. slight "tickling, sensation, in the cells; and .even if an entrance is ob- throat," which at first is so slight as. tained. it will meet with a resistance 1 not to elicit much notice on the part so powerful that the disease can 'not of the sufferer; but slowly he acquires develop. : . " v the habit of frequently "clearing the Family predisposition may be due to throat." At this r 'time there is no inherited - tendencies or to environ-1 sputum, no hard cough no Sweats, no ment nn3erwhich the family lives. hemorrhages,- no fever nor hectic 3Cou-'.hajvjeen families in which the rfiush rThe' disease is- stilLtpo incip Jidrere'poorly developed and- un-f ieht tcvaye, created these symptoms lc -nourjsnea. niiu miiii huu vuii- auu sigus. . out", alter wane werg trECtii' jehest, poor expansion ot the ( come what is' generally, called a "bad lungs, , 'shallow . .breathing, many of cold," which remains- persistant and of then, mouth, breathers, due either refuses-tp yield' to anti-cold treatment. to:ndenoics or tonsil. trouble, they are Then the cough becomes marked, with peculiarly"- prone to contract, tubercu j a thin whitish' sputum raised, 'chiefly los'is. They should be placed In the ! in the morning" hours. The cough per care'Of. a skilful, physician, and their - gists, the expectoration increases and bodies built up in a way indicated byradually " changes in character;. to a the conditions found. The ' sooner 'it thick tenacious , sputum. Later the Is done, the easier and cheaper it will be to correct, and the predisposition to tuberculosis will be removed. 'En vironment is principally a question, of sanitation and personal hyglen. ' It re quires but. little labor each day to keep the hom in a sanitary condition. It should i)e done not only to obtain bet ter genral health for the family; but as a matter of pride as well. x We shouiS direct, our attention with no less de gree of care to bodily sanitation, or hygiene.. Proper care of the mouth, skin, stomach, bowel and the kidneys should 'receive careful attention; and if it is done, many of the aches and ills .that man is. heir to will disappear. And with it, will disappeafthe predis positioh 'to tuberculosis. . ' - ; Racial predisposition seems to hinge upon the length of time to which the race has been exposed to the disease. You are familiar,; doubtless? with ?the fact that tuberculosis is very common in the Jpdian and negro; races; and once contracted by - them, it seems to be morel fatal Tuberculosis was prac tically unknown In the Indian: until Xh" white man " brought the J disease here. from Europe.; The mode of Jiv ing and .the habits of the Indian up to that' time were such Jthat the disease had. but slight chance of a successful attack. 'But when the white.; man brought him- his 'fi.re 4 water" and taught him ; to closely house himselfj (ana otner oaa naDitsj, ana. at tne same time -brought and V sewed . the germ of the disease in his lands, then he developed the disease rapidly, suc cumbed to it easily,- because e had no inherited immunity handed down to him by former generations. , ' The same is true of the negro. In the days of . slavery tuberculosis , in the negro was almost unknown. He was the white man's property, and received- a care from hi? master that kept strength, health and vigor in his body. - But with the coming of free dom, the negro no longer received the care of the white man; and by his Ig norance and poverty, he drifted ' Into improver living, and with it came the predisposition- to t uberculosls.v To day there is a frightful mortality from tuberculosis In the negro race Like the Indian, the negro " has not the in herited immunity, to the" disease that the white man has ; and he contracts and: develops 'the disease" easier and succumbs to It more readily. . ; We are teaching the symptoms and signs of the" disease. he laiety' should know them as well as the doctor. The important reason for this is that there may be an early recognition of the dis ease, which Is of the gfeateptnecessity both from the standpoint' of) "re and prevention. Only in the incipient, or very-early stage-is it easily curable. yet a small percent, of the more fid- vaficed - cases do s:et well. - A' cure of s the already , developed cases'is essen- - tial for the prevention of 'hew cases, "i ...... . ' . 1 The case ot tuberculosis which . goes about expectorating bacillus-laden sputum, is a positive source of con tageon to others.,- If he has the dis ease he - shoulcl know It at the first possible moment, so that he can at once inaugurate an , exercise 1 of the few simple precautjons which are nec essary for the protection ot others. If all cases in existance today Vouldiex ercise . the, few known simple" precau tions .there would soon be. ho more tuberculosis. . -' 'v " The tuberculosis subject is too often the bread-winner, and if he is late In getting the. information as to the; real; nature of his disease, his . treatment will of necessity cut him off from his labor, with cessation ot his income. Thaf usually meansgreat economy on the part of the other members of Tiis family, with'' a" denial of the proper ambunt and kind of food, a consequent improverishment of their bodies and a greater susceptibility to the diseased Surrounded, as they so often are by a source of thejnf ection, the home and environment become such- that the weakened members of the family ' are alomst certain to contract the "disease. But, if that wge earner had known early that his disease' was tuberculosis and had sought competent medical ad- r vice, a few weeks from his labor would nave brought mm back to a condition . 1 1 1 ' V I 1f 1 9 wnere ne couia . again laire ups ms up work,- renew, his income and drive poverty and its fearful consequences from his home. It is in the early stage pif the disease that the danger of in fecting the home is' least; while'in the advanced stage infection is more apt j to follow later food becomes almost repulsive With this . comes gradual loss of strength and flesh, and soon a mild grade of anaemia will be noticed. Later there usually follows slight di gestive disturbances -with imperfect elimination by the several different channels. In a little while there is sputum becomes yellowish due to the fact that there is a little ' pus to be found in it, and it is then that the xiisease is passing from the early stage-into the more advanced - We Will now begin to find the germ in the sputum, and sad ' to sayl until then the vast majority of physicians -de not make a proper diagnosis. Now, or later, we will have the sweats, pos sibly, chills; and if the disease is at: tacking the outer portion of the lungi' we are apt to getNpleurisy. Soon- we mayDegin to have' haemorrhages, but inCsome cases we never have them. The fever has sometinle since, made .its appearance; and with it has come the quickened- pulse. The temper ture in the" early morning hours is usually low, as a rule lower vthan the normal, with It slowly , rising toward the middle of the 'day when It goes above normal tc? varying degrees, .de pending on; the amount of involvment, the virtilence of the infection ' and the resisting dwer of the individual.- There usually come . periods of quiescence of the 'disease." The fever disappears 'the heart slows down, the expectoration becomes less or disap pears, the cough grows -less, and the afflicted person fergets all about it. Then comes another "cold," more se vere and persistent than the first one. The patient A goes through the same course as before, only to a mere mark ed degree. And so it goes fron week to week .with periods o activity and quiesctncfi with the disease - slowly sapping tne body of Its vitality, and in a" little, while a .neighbor will say "Mr. Jones ' is - sick and I am afraid he has consumption." . Then for the first time as' a rule, Mr. Jones seeks the advice of the physician. He is now In the ad4 vanced stage Vf the disease. - . . And why? t Because he has been 'al lowing his druggist to' prescribe for his "cold," or. has been taking the ad vice of some one or more of his neigh bors as to what is the best cure for a cold, . which did not. happen to be a cold. 'And, in the meanwhile, poor Mr. Jones has been indiscriminately ex pectorating bacillus-laden sputum everywhere he went, planting sources! of infection so that his neighbors and L fellow- men can contract his disease. Had he, : when- he- had his first hard "cold,""' sought1 the advice of a com petent physician, one that takes paths fn" looking carefully into the" patients ;history and r makes a 'careful and searching examination, his disease would have . been discovered early, and he would ' have been restored to health by the time he finally did go to the physician And he would not have been spreading the disease. It has been said that every case of tuberculo sis .is responsible for at . least, two otner; cases. As to that being true or not I can not ay ; but I firmly believe that every case like that of 'Mr. Jones' is .responsible for at least two cases, even if not for' more. . . v We are teaching the people the kind of systems that are -apt to contract and develop tuberculosis ;' and we are reaching the sort which are not apt to- , contract it. . We are teaching that men", and women that live clean, temperate, sanitary and sensible lives, and who give the body the attention which' is its due, will r stand - , the best chance against the germ of tuberculosis". On the, other hand, we are teaching that drunkenness will weaken the -body sor th at it ' is peculiarly susceptible. .. That " privation, that is laOlc; of propet and nourishing food, will create a condi- -tion which can not successfully resist the germ. That intemperate habit3, such as excessive use of drugs, tobac co, stimulating beveragesove.r-indul-. - gence" of physical passions,, and the . lacKof the propeY amount of rest, will engender a condition which' can no resist the germ of tuberculosis. , , We are teaching that tubercillosis is a disease of the poor. While it is. true that.the rich do have it 'yet the per centage is low compared to that of the poor. Poverty most" certaihly brings about theenvironment requisite for the . development of" the disease. Because of this, we are teaching the necessity for the registration of cases, so that , municipalities may take the necessary steps to remove the environment which- ls .bringmg it about, we are teacning the necessity for dispensaries, where the indigent consumptive may go, free of charge, get: a careful examination v and etet full and competent instruc-. f tions as to hoW to live so as to get J well and protect' others. We are teaching the necessity for visiting nurses, whose- duty is to go into the. homes of the . indigent consumptive, . teaching proper home sanitation and hygiene". These nurses are not to ga onlyvonce, but often, and to see that the instructions which have been giv en, are understood and are being car ried out. We are teaching .the neces--sity for, hospitals for the advanced and hopeless cases, where they can be isolated and removed fromtheir com munities as a possible source of inf ec-; tion - to others. We are teaching thee. necessity for sanatoria, where curable . -cases may go and regain their health. and be instructed in the proper meth- ods of living, to later become mis'siGn-" aries ; in their respective communities; ; teaching the laws of right living, san- ' itatiohand personal hygiene as it han" been.taughtrto "them. ;t . . - ? ; - We are Jteaching the doctrine of con-. -demnatioh of the "sure' cure nostrum habit." It is unanimously agreed-by-the medical profession that vthere is -no drug known that is a sure' cure for consumption. Yet, there "is not one of" Lyou who can pick up a newspaper and not find from one to a dozen 'sure cures" advertised, which carry with - -them a . guarantee to cure or ; your money back, and with it, a volume of -testimonials to prove , their false claims. .: . .' : ' : The sure cure nostrum for tubercu- , losis may be divided into. two classes the positively harmful and the nega tively harmfuL ; In the first class should be placed those nostrums con taining opiumhasheesh,chloroform and - any considerable quantity of alconoi. . These drugs have never cured a single case of tuberculosis. Stimulated by -the alcohol, 'lulled into a feeling of im provement and hopefulness by the morphine. he continues his habits un- til the final breakdown comes, from which there is no vreclaimation. In the other class of sure cure nostrums, the x negatively" - harmful, , should be placed those concoctions which, in. themselves do no harm, but do keep the patient away from a proper treat ment which; may bring about a cure -or arrest of the disease. -- 1 . ' . We believe that the school is . proba- - bly the most hopeful i field for bur la- . bors against tuberculosis;. For imme- ; 1 diate practical results for lowering the N -present deathrate; hospitals, dispensa ries and visiting nurses are probably the- more important; but for the - v . achievement of the final victory, the " v school probably offers the -best oppor- , tunity, where we can apply ourselves -to forming correct habits rather than ' to correcting 'bad ones. There- we ; have the best' chance to check the germ before it starts on its deadly wor . There, through the education yof the children, we can best, educate the whole community. , At the same time we. are teaching the -necessity for open air shcools; schools where all children with a predisposition to tb? disease can be brought back to health ; and vigor, at the same time - they . are receiving their, education. . ' "We are tacehing the necessity for f medical inspection of school children It is known of children 'more espec ially those who live, iri crowded dis tricts that about fifty per cent of them receive the infection before the end of the fifth year. What shall-we -do with them? Shal"we take charge of them then, .'before, the infection -has made inroads on their vitality, see that they receive proper care and at tention, and" reclaim them from the disease? Or, shall we let them go on -with the arduous duties of school life spending, per capita, about $250 each . year to -educate them, ' only to, have theni die tuberculosis before they reach the age of eighteen? It is esti mated that over seven milliondollartf are spent Jn" the United States each year to educate children who will die . xf tuberculosis before the eighteenth 7 birthday.; , That means "seven million, dollars Wasted on education each year in the United States; while if Ve. were -to spend half that much , on open air ' schools and ' medical- inspection . of 1 (Continued on Page 1 ) . 4 s