ITrinieIhi j f !f v. . kr a ' K . i , lr I i 1 V ; XXVI, NO il Govermental Investigation of Drainage Prospect in This Territory Geographical Location, Natural Surface Conditions, Rainfall and Its Effect Character of the Streams and Chief Factors Rate of Run-Off Treated in Scientific Manner The Official Report. Vnited States Department of Agricul tare Bureau of Public Jioatls. F. St. J. Wilson, Acting Director. 111 cooperation with North Carolina Department of Agriculture. mtu'1 Uii " ' "J tion of Mud Creek Tributaries, Hen - dprson Coimtv. N. C, by I I. M. I.yiKle Senior Drainage Engineer, t Prepared Under the direction of S. H. McCrory. Chief of Drainage In- 7; Vestigations, March Introduction In response to a request from Jir. J.,M. Gray, District Farm Demonstra- V tion Agent, Asheville, X. C, a pre- ylminary examination was made or ...cVIud Creek and its tributaries, Hen derson County, N. Gi, on January 10 j and 11, 191$. Frank Flemming, Coun ty Agent of Henderson County, ana Messrs E. W. Ewbanks and S. Y. Tryson accompanied the engineer and j ave considerable information con cerning conditions in the district. The examination was made partly by au tomobile and partly on foot. The French Bread River was traversed on foot for a distance of 4 1-2 miles be tween the head of Long Shoals ana the head of 'Buck Shoals, as well as - portions of Mud Creek and its tribu taries. The engineer is indebted to Mr. G. W. Justice, Civil Engineer of T r 3 , .,.mll "NT frr o mark rf 1 the o5stiict made in 1916, and also to tre Clerk of the Court for access to records. Geographical Location Henderson County, N. C, lies in,sides and comprise some of the rich- the southwestern part of the State, and is a typical mountain county, con sisting of mountain ranges, isolated peaks, a rolling plateau, and level areas of valley land. One of the most noticeable features of the topography is a Iro.id, rolling intermountain plateau, covering about 60 to 75 sqare niiles. in the vicinity o f Hen dersonville, Flat Rock, and Northeast to Fruitlar.d. Thisplateau has an elevation of from 2100 to 2300 feet and resombles in many respects the .VJedmont section of the State. It is t;is eciion which is drained by Mud Creek and its tributaries, with a watershed area of 112 square miles, emptying into the French Broad river in the Northwest central part of the county. The proposed district approximat ely determined, comprises the bottom land along Mud Creek from the Flat Rock road to the French Bd. river a distance of 8 and 3-4 miles; Bat Fork Creek trcm the Upward road to it3 junction with . Mud Creek at the Edneyville road, a distance of ; . 3 .1-2 miles; King Creek for 3-4 mile above ita junction with Bat Fork; Devils Fork Creek for two miles above the ErtvieyviUe i"id, where it joins vMud Creek; and 1-2 and 1-4 miles respec tively at the lower ends of Clear and Brittan's Creeks; comprising a total length of aproximately 15 3-4 miles. ( The corporate limits of Henderson " vllle the county seat, population 4000 rpqch out to "the east and take in abqrjj - -T -ot the Mud Creek bofe-.-.- 4Je upper end of the strict. The Asheville and Spartan ' bUrg branch of the Southern Rail 'yi warparar'l. Mud Creek for several f .r Hen'dersonville. crosslnsr r-.- jnuw i"- ," it About two miles above the mver. Natural Surface Conditions The land in the proposed district has an elevation of around 2100 feet above sea level. The water-sheds of r . natr on ri tributaries are in MUQ wn. " r general of a gently rolling nature, f with bead waters terminating in the 5 mountains. The boundaries of the lufttom lands are weu aennea u, an abrupt rise to the upland. Arcordlng to a survey mad in 1818 ' j-f Mr- O- w- Jtttic, Civil engineer, 'rr- : . . rsvfnt ftWtei tare miles above the French Broad River-, together with the above mentioned tributaries in the district, a total i length of about 12 1-2 miles, has 1302 acres of bottom land. They thus ave rage about 120 acres to the mile, with a width of about 1000 feet. The boi- i Louis aiong tne lower end of Mud jCreek . probabIy average as wide or ... i jwmer lna:i above, and 000 acres io a conservative estimate of ihe toiai are:: of the district to the Kiver. About one half the land in the dls- t:ict W2S at one time under partial ci'tivation but it has been abanda 'i to a large exten in recent years, : -! is now used either for pasture o: Inv crops. Every rain oi rensequsnco cases the creeks to overflow, damag ing the land and crops not only by an excess of water, but also in many places, by depositing sand. The soils of the bottom lands arc of two kinds according to the soil survey of this area, namely Toxaway line sandy loam and Meadow. . The Toxavay fine sandy loam is a brown, line sandy loam to a depth of 8 to 12 inches with a subsoil of yellowish brown fine sandy loam or fine mica ceous sand. The raeaaow is a brown to dark browit f.fie sandy loam with consider able quantities of micaceous material with a sr.hsoil varying from a sand or fine sr.nd to a heavy sticky loam, usually dark brown in color. The greater part of the meadow is in a seiri-swampy condition, and is still covered largely with the natural veg- V. J V VVillO till O v 1 11 fe V4- 11 Vl W 1 111 and water loving bushes and grasses. It is located above and below the Edueyvillo road. Both soils are of material brought down from the hill 'est land in the county. The soil of the uplands is classed as Porter's sandy loam, which is a yei-lowish-gray, medium to coarse sandy loam, varying in depth from six to l!llt'(.'U lilCIlCS UilUCl liliu uauanj ujr a reddish or yellowish brown, heavy, sticky sandy loam grading into a red or jtllow clay loam or clay. Natural Drainage The total drainage area of Mud Creek and its tributaries, as determin ed from the Soil Survey map of Hen derson County, is approximately 112 square miles or 71,680 acres, all con tained within the county-and compris ing nearly one-third of its area. Its greatest length (to be more correct, width) in a Northeast and Southwest direction is 20 miles, and its greatest width is about 10 1-2 miles, with an average of about six miles. Clear Creek, the largest and next to the lowermost tributary of Mud Creek, drains about 42 square miles, and Mud .Creek above the junction of Clear Creek has a . watershed of about 54 square miles or 34,560 acres. At the Edneyville road, on the out skiits of the town of Hendersonville, Mud Creek is joined by Devils Fork and Bat Fork Creeks, with watersheds of nine and fourteen square miles, re spectively. Above the Edneyville road Mud Creek has a water-shed of 25 square miles. Originally Devils Fork joined Bat Fork above the Ed-i neyville road, and Bat Fork parallel ed Mud Creek for some distance en tering it about 3-4 mile below the road. In 1916 a dredge owned by the county stationed in Mud Creek above the Edneyville road, for the purpose of obtaining sand for building , pur poses," excavated a channel along the upper side of the road connecting up these three creeks. Drainage conditions all along the district are practically the same. For some distance above and below the Edneyville road, the bottom lands along Mud and Bat Fork Creeks are In a semi-swampy condition and have never been under cultivation, and much of the original growth consist ing of Maple, Elm and other tree's Is still standing. The remainder of the I, " ii' - (Coatlamod oa Pao 'SU) HENDERSON VILLE, N. C. m mmm, fpf jm s fell w Mmtm km ; m Wm " i - m rim if 1 W M fLjP mum W m, If iJl . ' 11 m vl GRADED SCHOOL REPORT - AXD HONOR ROLL Another month of time wasted or of time well spent has passed into his-J tory so far as the pupils and work of the city schools are concerned, for last Friday brought the end of the school month. The attendance and work has at last, after so many months of inter ruptions, returned to normal and every thing is running very smoothly at present, and some excellent ist.Us are being obtained. The attendance for the past month has been almost xactly what it was for the correspond ing month last year. During Mar.h, there were 455 pupils on tne roll, which number made an average daily attendance of 415. Tha roll a; pres ent has 445 on it. According to our promise of last month, the Honor Roll Is api ring again after an absence of four months. It is as follows: First B Grade: Elmer Gill, George Spann, John Bowen, Lilliau iJrovtn, IKathryn Byers, Lucile Flynn, Maira- ret Belk, Dorothy Long, Sarah SMidi fer, Margaret Valley, Mildred Wil liams, Will Cagle. First A.. Grade: Margaret Ashe-i more,: Edna." Drake, Annie Carson, Elizabeth Fowler, Charles Embler, Raymond Freeman, Donald Guice, James Holtzclaw, Leon . Jackson, Jonathan Jackson, Carll .Morris. Second Grade: Bola Justice, Ilas seltine Lane, Tommie Shepnerd, Irene Edwards, Barnes Bland, -Uo-iaton Case, Claude Grant, John Grant, Hen ry King, John Wilkins, J. B. Blyihe, Gordon Long. Third B Grade :Marion Morris, Josephine Brooks, Jonnie May Stan ley, Louise Smith, Isabelle Richard, Mildred Moores, Malul Blythe, Kath ryn Reese, Vernon McMurray, William Bacon. Third A Grade: Margie Davis, Ja- nette Justice, Vera Orr, Ruth Rozzelie, Jane Truex, Reginal Hill, Jack Shep- herd, Hamilton Stepp, Stephen Stepp, Willie Sherman, Feltz Hill. Fourth B. Grade: Saint Claire Guice, Clark Blackburn, Philip Clev enger, Frank Israel, Earl Stanley, Emmett Stepp, Elmer Stepp. Fourth A Grade: Joe Byers, John Brown, Hampton Johnson, Edward Lamthter, William Brown, Rea Brooks Miami Sm Flynn, Gsrnett Hoggset, t$tat Johnson, Grama KUpa trick. THURSDAY. APRIL 17, Flora Reid, Clara Reid, Martha Bur- &ess, Carter Freezs, -Margaret Hall- man, Annie Williams. William Freeze. Fifth Grade: Lallen Cumming, Eckles Grant' the latter Presenting, on eneral secretary of North Carolina Mattie Richard, Cecil Shepherd, Ruth behalf of the Circle' a handsome bou Baracas and Philatheas, - has re4uesi mitlock. uet of flowers t0 the high official wnoCea Miss Gertrude Shinman. wh tb. c,. r, , T , Sixth Grade: Wadsworth Farnum, James Grey. , Seventh A Grade:-Edna Byers, Helen Drafts Nell Morris Winnie' Helen uratts, xseii Morris, Winnie Hoggset, Mary Middleton, Dora Sosa- oman Katherine Valentine Sarah oman, ivatnenne vaienune, oaran Valentine, Boyce Whitmire, Glenn PattPron ' , i T& nr , w, ni ' Eight B Grade :-Wylma Clevenger, Hazel Grant, Grace McCall. Eighth A Grade: My rtice Brooks, Eula Anderson. Sinth Grade: Mary Orr, Ben Brown Edward Patterson. v - Tenth Grade .--Roberta Brooks, Des- sie Dixon, Mary Elizabeth Walker. Eleventh Grade:-Mary Brown, Hel- Brooks Elizabeth Elsom e-tha Broods, LiizaDeth jisom, . e.tna cn Jamison, Aiieua iianK, Jiiieanor i iaiiiv chprTMnT1 .All . . T VI 1 TT-1 1 . TV1 1 vili The very observant person wj probably notice that there are one hundred, twenty-seven names appear- in nn thP. above Honor Roll There Swere one hundred, fifty on the Honor Roll for the corresponding month. Bast year. ' upon us piuum " April iz, for 'the benefit of the two. . - Methodists Gire "Sox SociaL" J State Convention. . The Sanreme French .orphans that the association Chaplain reviewed the activities of tbe and the 8chool chlldren are' support- The Wesley Class of the Methodist Modern Woodmen, the Woodir.cn of jng There was an interesting pro Sunday School gave a "Sox Social" at the World and the Woomen Circle gram giyen hy the children pro. the residence of Mr. and Mrs. C. F. ,throughout the country and paid amounted to 27.50. t: , a;i 11 Viowinfir tribute to the fine service Rlanri on Fridav Pvenltie. Auril H.'glowing tribute from 8 to 10:30 o'clock. 125 invita- tions were issued and 100 were ac- cepted The "Sox" contained $19.00 which "was used for a payment on the Sunday School piano. ' The evening's program consited oZ music, readings and games. The class numbers 30 and with their teacher, Mrs. Bland, fruit punch andted. niHP in thP form or "aox" were On Saturday, a trip to Uhiomey 00rTOri Mr nH Mr, Rianrl were as-! sisted in chaperoning by Rev. and' and it is no exaggeration -to surest . iiL.i Mftincr wqq psmprlailv enloy- Mrs. M. F. Moores, Mr. and Mrs. E DurJee and Migg w'ynne.'ed by the Circle's honored guest. The,day evening April 9, in the First Bap- iThe rooms were beautifully decorated in hemlock and cut flowers. Friday, April 18, the Ladies Aid So- ciety of the Methodist Church ' will Ye on sale In the Morey building, dressed chickens, home made bread, cakes, doughnuts, candy, etc., also children's dresses, plain- and fancy .r. oJni. nillow cases, dres- ser covers, etfc Watch the wiado w Woodmen Circle of the State. Mr, JEibllcal Recorder and recorded t tie on Thmrsday. ereniaff. ' Andrews kas sexyed th SUte Circle ates. 4 !9I9 Sipreme Chaplain Woodmens Circle Here Mrs. Annie H. Walts Visits Hendersoaville Distingukhed Southern V A mc varove ana is rionored m Kitting SyIe Reception at Woodmen Hall and Enjoys Outing to Chimney Rock-Report of ' Delem nvention. Pino Grove Xo. St o, .Vooclmen Circle and the city itself, were honored with the presence of Mrs. Annie H. Watts, Supreme Chaplain of the United Stat rriec"etl at tns Goldsboro meeting. Mrs. Friday ovc-nig of tost ,-co:, M3 TT Crore No" ,.. b0 at tje State convention which ron- V8ttS Wa rStUra;"s fram lh Stored he, wh me posmoa ot JLZe convention of the Woodmen Circle of the Supreme convention. North Carolina, recently held at Golds-! Mrs- Justus was authorized to in- uppi, end yielded to the par; of Mrs. A. F. Justus and Mrs. R. r. ;AnurewE, ho represented the local Circle at the State meeting, to favor Fme Grove with a bnef visit. I Aiaes Justus and Andrews ar - rived with their distinguished guest , on Friday afternoon. They were met at the station by a special committee who escorted Mrs. Watts to the Ken- iucky Home where reservations had been provided. In the evening Airs. Watts responded to the call of the comnuaee ana appeared at the hzll o2 the Home, the management and the the Circle where a pleasant surprise bright little children who are being awaited her. On a few hours notice a fed, clothed and educated by the Odd delightful reception had been arrant Fellows of North Carolina, and de ed and a genuine Hendersonville wel- ciare the institution is a distinct cred come was given in a manner most it . to that ' great fraternity and the pleasing. The Hall had been tas:e- state. fully decorated with the choicest se-. Mrs. Justus and Mrs Andrews elections from the floral gardens of Mr. visited friends and relatives in RaI. ,G. T. Myers to whom a hearty vote eigh and Asheville on their return of thanks was given by unanimous and on tne whole report ft delightuI consent of those present. Mrs. Lav- trip. rence Pace, Guardian of Pine Grove No- 66 presided. Brief addresses of Welcome were delivered by Messrs M. L- Shipman, John T. Wilkins and had honored them with her charming . , , presence. Mrs. Andrews spoke m- terestingly of the work of the Stale nvpntf" ,nfnrmP(1 thp mPmhpr informed the member- hi th M Justus would report the proceedings in detail at the nexi Proceedmgs m detail at the nex. regular meeting. Concluding her m- terestinK address Mrs Andrews pre- teresting address Mrs. Andrews p.e sented the Supreme Chaplain ana congratulated the audience on bein favored with the presence of one who was devoting her life to the cause of Woodcraft. Mrs. Watts spoke feelingly of the fine spirit which had actuated the Hendersonville Sovereigns and then- friends in arranSic-r the Pleasansur- Zl" T'Z P dyyiw,w,Wl1, " 7 " - fcack tQ ner ho,r0 oity ony lne mcst . f thp nrpftiesti pleasing impressions of the prettiest, town, inhabited by the finest folks, it Kaan Viot- TlnBiir tn hehold in'.n uau ui. iii. i'"- North Carolina. She had long nlina. She had long desir- ed to visit this section of the "Old I North' State' 'and seized upo-i the first - V.k' Otna' 'onf - P01701 n;-.".l T n R 111 SL 1 i J cntiatv fl-l-l" .ononis. I upp Sne as Pleased to find .1;V ClC lntPrt Pine fjove uclc a v,0 each branch of the order is rendering to humanity. Her address V,va r.n inspiration to all present and she was .the recipient of many expressions oi appreciation. At the conclusion of the hastily arranged program an Informal reception was hold in the hall, dur - ,lng wnicn craui Rock was arranged for Mrs. Watts y mat uiia - - party consisted of Mr. ana mrs. Eckles Grant, Mrs. a. . jusxu-. ! Lawrence Pace, Mrs. t. f. xah- drews and Mrs. Watts. The Supreme Chaplain left on Sunday for her homo. Tlie State Convention Mrs. A. F. Justus and Mrs. R. P. 1 xn-iJaw frn Andrews returnea uu Goldsboro where thsy attended tne fourth bi-ennial convention of. the PRICE FIVE CENTS oman Accepts Hospitality y.s Grand Clerk for the nast twnnM ' nd so well have her duties been per- ?ormed that .she was unanimously re. i..vue tIie, Stat0 convention of the Woodmen Circle to hold its next meet - iiiig in Henderson vi'iio V.M ft,-. .,iv ):0dy accepted an tavltatton o ZZ jith the State council W. O. W at , Wilson, ,and Hendersonville mus. ai, The invitation was not pressed. ! The Hendersonville delegates speak in the highest terms of the courtesies extnded to them by the people of Goldsboro. Following the festivities at the conclusion of the meeting a visit was made to the Odd Fellows Home and other points of interest They were especially impressed with Easter Offering For Sick So.Idiexs Mrs. N. Buckner of Asheville the nnnv ...i..,, , t- .. , founty secretary, to solicit donations u m.ov fl,, ,. . , Pr money, flowers and candies to be oi,wo j . , ... showered uPn the sick soldiers and sick nurseg at Kenllworth and Azy, hncnifals AT.n., 91 rp, . . , h0Spitals' Apnl 21- Thls open tQ any organization or indivi(U.al h wolll(1 ia tn pnnt ... .. ? 1f ! t0 contnbute' whQ giye win haye the priyilege and leasure of distributing the etc in tne different wards at tbe nos. pitals Carg are yery much needed tQ CO;1 vey tne committees and the con'-ihu- tkms tQ th& hospitals phone Migg Gertrude Shipman that your Car fa at her service or Sunday af?ern.oon prfl 21 ftt twQ o,clQck The from the Baptist Church at the hour specified. Mipg Elizabeth Walkei.f of New York ig visjting her gister' MnJ G w tirOfiKS Box Snpper . . . . me parent-Teachers' Association at Flat Rock gave a box supper at the . , acnooi uuiiaing on oaiuraay evening, Mrs. J. D. Witschln Mrs . J . D . Witschln died March 19 of pneumonia, at her home in Jacksonville, Fla. Surviving her are four daUghters and one son who live in the city. Mrs. Witschin and fam- V7 nave Deen coming nere ior years and have a wide circle of friends. Tribute to Mr. S J. Justice At the prayer service on Wednes tist Church, resolutions were present ed byyJrdge O. V. F. Blythe, chair man of the committee, reciting the ex cited charao.ter of the late S J. ius tice and the high esteem in which he was held. The speeches wide by Dr. E- E. Bomar, Rev. A. I. Jus'ics and ,W. F. Penny were strctog and loudr. The resolutions were adopted and ar- dered printed in the local papers.