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WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Increasing U. S. Air and Naval Power Demonstrated in Pacific Sea Battles; U. S. Wants Car Owners' 'Extra Tires; OPA Decrees Gas Quota for East Coast (EDITOR'S NOTE When opinions are expressed In these columns, ther are those of the news analyst and not necessarily of this newspaper.) .(Released by Western Newspaper Union.). winch V t,c.,i,f;j;iV mbIamf(JUMm ,Kut MTP-...v . AUSTRALIA j Town -"--... JJlJ sotirufKtcA iir-v v 0 1000 3000 MILES The strategic importance of Madagascar to the two main supily arteries of the United Nations armies In the east are indicated by the above map. By capturing the key naval base of Diego Suarez, British Commandos supported by marines, infantry, air forces and naval uxits, assured protection of these vital supply lines. MADAGASCAR: 40-Hour Triumph A 40-hour epic of British Comman dos' gallantry came to a victorious conclusion when the Diego Suarez naval base on the northern tip of Vichy-held Madagascar surren dered. While French army outposts still held military control over the Mada gascar hinterlands, the fall of the huge naval base assured the. United Nations possession of the vital gate way to their eastern supply routes. Moreover, it was vindication of a new spirit of aggression which made the Japs "miss the bus." Military authorities in both Amer ica and Britain pointed out that the successful attack marked a refresh ing contrast to the fiasco at the key port of Dakar, Africa, a year ago. It was revealed in London that the Commando attack on Madagas car, supported by marines, RAF forces and naval contingents, had been planned three months in ad vance. PRESIDENT OF PERU: Closer Latin Ties Closer knitting of relations be tween Latin America and the United States was seen in the visit of Presi dent Manuel Prado of Peru to this country. When Senor Prado arrived by clip per plane, it marked the first offi cial visit in history, of a South American president to the United States. Significance of this precedent breaking official mission to the future of Pan-American resist ance to Nazism was seen in the fact that Peru was the first South American country to break off relations with the Axis under the accord reached last January at the Rio de Janeiro conference. President Prado's Anti-dictator policy before the war was an important step in the virtual exclusion of Axis propaganda from Peru. Under a recent decree, Peruvian armed forces now function under the direction of U. S. army and navy officers. RUBBER: 17. S. Wants Tires Robert P. Patterson, undersecre tary of war, intimated that county fairs, football games and other pub lic gatherings might have to be cur tailed this year in the interest of rubber conservation, when he an nounced that the government planned to purchase extra tires from private car owners. By "extra" was meant more than five to a car, ce saia. purchases will be on a voluntary basis. At the same time the Office of Defense Transportation dis closed that It was drafting plans for "rationing" civilian travel by train, bus or airplane. Offi cials declared that "travel-as-usual" would be a thing of the past by the end of 1942. They expressed the belief that sharp curtailments of non essential trips would be necessary before the end of the summer. That requisitioning of civilian tires nd cars would be undertaken If necessary was a view supported by number of Washington officials. In outlining his views on motor car use curtailment, Mr. Patterson said the prospects are that there will be sufficient rubber for the army, navy, war-workers and essential civilian supplies. He pointed out that there was a million tons of rubber "now rolling on the highways" and that it must be conserved. Civilians who expect synthetic rubber plants to bring any relief this year are doomed to disappointment, It was declared. All such rubber is ear-marked for the nation's armed forces. Vs PACIFIC SEA BATTLES: U. S. Shous Power A crucial test of the United Na tions' Increasing strength in the Aus tralian sector was given as Japa nese sea and air might ma sed northeast of the key continent .n a thrust, from New Britain, the Solo mon Islands and the Loyuisade Ar chipelago. Within a five-day span Amerban warships and planes had takei a toll of 16 Japanese ships either sunk or badly damaged. Engagemt its were the heaviest since the battle of the Java sea. Concentration of the Japanese I a val forces in the Australian ara was regarded as a threat to tie steadily expanding U. S. commur 1 cation lines in the South Pacific. Blocking of this threat meant that not only would Australia's position be more secure, but that th? "springboard" for an ultimate Unit ed Nations' offensive against the Japs to recapture the East Indies and the Philippines would be fur ther prepared. Japan's strategic power in this area lay in its possession of the Solo mon islands which form stepping stones along Australia's northeast flank starting from Rabaul on the island cf New Britain and extending down to New Caledonia. GAS RATIONING: East Coast First Eventual gasoline rationing for the entire United States loomed as a future possibility when the Office of Price Administration limited the sale of motor fuel in the Atlantic Seaboard area to two to six gallons weekly to "non-essential motorists." The initial rationing applied to 10, 000,000 motorists in 17 eastern states and the District of Columbia Offi cials stressed the fact that sufficient gasoline would be provided for es sential driving but not enough for extensive "pleasure" driving or oth er non-essential purposes. The OPA's order included three types of ration cards: "A" for non essential motorists; "B" for essen tial users such as defense workers, public service officials and others; and "X" providing for unlimited us age. This latter category included doctors, nurses and kindred profeS' sional people whose duties require rapid and extensive travel. In the scale of gasoline i ige, the "A" range was based on an average mileage estimated at 4.5 miles daily. The "B" range covered from 4.5 to 13 miles daily and the "X" for mileage far in excess of these uv erages. LIVESTOCK SHOW: War Casualty Indicative of necessary war-time restrictions on the nation's trans portation facilities, was the decision by its directors to cancel the Inter national Livestock Exposition held annually in Chicago for the past 42 years. The anticipated lack of transpor tation facilities to handle the live stock formerly shipped here from all sections of North America was cited as' the principal reason for the cancellation. Traditionally the mecca for rural Americans of all ages in the week following Thanksgiving, the exposi tion recorded an all-time high at tendance of 400,000 last year. TRADE BARRIERS: Ban Local Restrictions Suspension of trade barriers be tween states which are adversely affecting war production was pre dicted following the close of a federal-state conference on war restric tions in Washington. Particularly critical at present are state and local laws governing man power, construction and hous ing, the delegates were informed. Steps must be taken by state gov ernments to relieve this situation, speakers declared. ' THE Rent Ruler Charged with the responsibility of setting up machinery to place ceilings on rents affecting more than 86,000,000 persons, Paul A. Orter, deputy administrator of the Office of Production Manacp- ment, Is directing the federal rent control program under the super vision of Price Administrator Leon Henderson. Landlords in af fected areas have until June 28 to stabilize rents in line with OPA recommendations. 'BACKDOOR THRUST': Japs Use Burma Road Japan's "backdoor" invasion of China via the Burma road continued into Yunnan province despite U. S. army air attacks which knocked out 74 enemy planes in a single week. Seriousness of the newest threat to China's resistance was seen in the decision of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-fhek to take personal command of his armies. That Chiang could count on stout co-operation from his American allies was shown by the repeated attacks by big Yankee bombers from India on the Jap's main airdrome at Mingaladon north of Rangoon, Burma. This field was the main Nipponese base for the all-but-finished Burma campaign which had been extended to China. The effectiveness of the American air offensive was illustrated by re ports that each bomber was able to drop 250-pound explosives on the field in spite of heavy anti-aircraft fire. CHARGE ACCOUNTS: Time Buying Curbed Every American who used a charge account or an installment purchasing plan to acquire the goods he uses in everyday living was af fected by the Federal Reserve board's orders clamping the brakes on time-payment "buying. The or ders, tightening restrictions already in effect, were the latest move in President Roosevelt's attack on spi- raling prices. The Reserve board decreed: 1 A limit of 12 months in the period over which most consumer's goods could be purchased on install ment plans. 2 Down payments of one-third cash on a majority of consumers' items. Exceptions were automobiles purchaseable over a 15-month pe riod and furniture and pianos for which a down payment of only 20 per cent is required for purchase of over a 12-month period. 3 Payment of charge accounts in full by the 10th day of the calendar month after purchase. Failure to abide by this order would prevent the purchaser from buying on the account until he settled up. 4 The following additions to the i - " - V s SVSs.nws-rWw sf I list of goods on which regulations ! PIans by whih graduates may go already apply: automobile batteries, ! on to college and pursue studies tires, tubes and accessories; bed- j in whicn they may earn college ding, draperies, household electrical ; credits and at the same time pre aDDliances: used furniture: athletic Pare r more effective service in goods; household equipment; non- military clothing including shoes, hats and other haberdashery. SPECIALISTS SOUGHT: Also Allied Nationals Two moves to increase the flexi bility of the army were made when the war department announced the creation of the new army specialist corps and the selective service head quarters declared that nationals of all Allied nations will be able to join either this country's forces or those of their home nation. ; Men with certain specialized skills will be recruited for the army spe cialist corps. They will replace those who are capable of going into ac tive military service. In general, no men subject to the draft win be admitted intothe new corps, ac cording to the announcement. Those accepted may become officers rang ing from lieutenants to "director ; generals." I In the move to recruit nationals of our allies, Gen. Lewis B. Hershey, selective service director, announced that reciprocal arrangements had al- ready been worked out under which Canadians residing in this countrv , might Join either the Canadian or American forces. This agreement will be extended to other nations. MISCELLANY: Honolulu, Hawaii, first American area to suffer Axis aggression, proved again that its people are grimly determined to see the war effort through, by oversubscribing four times the Islands' May quota of $250,000 War Bond quota. New York: Rationing of silver bul lion supplies for Industrial purposes has been undertaken because of increased industrial demand. BEAUFORT NEWS, BEAUFORT, N. C. War Effort By High School Graduates Armed Services, Industry, Vocational Training Now Becoming Increasingly Important. By WILLARD E. GIVENS Executive Secretary, National Education Association. TT HAS been estimated that over one million boys and girls will leave high school this spring with their diplomas. It is this same group of nation, who were figuratively mencement speaker said to a group of graduates before him: "You have seen more history than you have read." During the first half of 1942, the pages of history have been turning fast, recording the names of- men and their deeds in the greatest drama of all ages And now today, not only the high school graduate, but all those who have read the story of man's up ward struggle from the early dawn of history to the present time, rec ognize the climax of history in which they are now living. Each and everyone especially the high school graduate is seeking to find the proper place, the suitable niche in it.' The Significance of Today. Only to the man who is in some measure educated is it granted to know what is going on about him and to estimate its significance. There is an old story of two peas ants of Brabant who were weeding their crops on a sultry June day in 1815 when the guns of the Iron Duke greeted those of Bonaparte at Wa terloo. One of the peasants lifted his eyes from his hoe and scanned the horizon. "Soule," he said, "it thunders; it will rain today!" As the guns of destiny broke the silence of their fields, these two peasants went on hoeing their vegetables, al most as ignorant as their beets and cabbages of what went on any where else in the world but in the limited sphere in which they moved. The mental isolation of man kind in the not-so-long-ago un happy days of the human race when one class of men was priv ileged to enjoy the culture and refinement of wide knowledge, and another class was doomed to live and die In vulgarity and poverty, is banished. Universal education has banished it. The high school, especially, is re sponsible for making this vastly different world . from the one which existed a century and a quarter ago when Europe was rocked as it is today by the clash of arms and ideals and only a few knew the issues and fewer still had a part in resolv ing them. Today, high school students see themselves in the setting of time and events. In their hearts is a stirring that finds its expression in a common question, "What is my place in all this?" Some of the boys may volunteer at once for service in the armed forces. The army has just an nounced that volunteers 18 and 19 years old may select training in the combat branch of their own pref erenceinfantry, cavalry, artillery, tank corps, air corps, signal corps, or corps of engineers. Others will wait the decision of the Selective Service system as to where and when they may serve best. Many graduates will continue their education under the direction of e navv. which has in operation the navy. From this group, the huge two-ocean battle fleet now building in our shipyards will se cure many of its commissioned of ficers. War Industries to Hire Many. Some thousands of these high !. A mechanized army calls for the atmost Inventive and operational SK1I,S wn,cn we American people can Produce. These Denver high school boy wiM knw how to operate an electric senaphore if they should serve in the signal corps of the army, Problems of Education Aired at Conference At an annual meetinc of the American Council of Education, Chicago, 111., the following state ments were made by educators: Roscoe L. West, president, State Teachers college, Trenton, N. J., said: "People know intuitively that education must focus on getting folks ready to live better in their community than they would have lived otherwise. And by community I mean the nation and the world." Strengthened Farms Lure 1942 Students; boys and girls, the youth of the being spoken to when a com school graduates, boys and girls, will at once enter war-industries to help manufacture the guns and tanks and planes upon which the fighting men on far-flung battle fronts depend. The graduates may enter these industries at once, or they may enroll in one of many different types of training for more skilled service in the factories pro ducing the material of war. These training opportunities range from the elementary vocational schools where the simpler skills of the assembly line are acquired, to the technical and engineering schools of our great universities which are turning out recruits for highly responsible positions both in the armed forces and in industrial ranks. The high schools themselves in many city school systems, and in some of the village schools serving farm areas, are equipped to offer a high grade vocational training. Some graduates who have taken non vocational courses in high school will immediately begin such courses, if available, in the schools from which they have been gradu ated, or they will seek that kind of training in neighboring communi ties. The federal government in June, 1940, appropriated $15,000,000 to equip and staff the rapidly ex- MJ u "'school graduates, such as these at the Hannah Penn, junior ?ufLr ir - f,3-' Wi l be ab'e 10 take lheir PIaces without much further training in the ranks of those who are planning to defend their communities from death dropping down during air raids. panding vocational departments and schools of less than college grade which had undertaken to train workers for defense industries. The need of workers was so urgent and the plan of meeting it so successful that subsequently other sums were appropriated for this purpose. By March, this year, approxl mately 2,463,862 workers had been prepared for the war industries in this manner. This number is in addition to those trained for siml lar occupations in the vocational courses that constitute the normal service of the schools. The demand for the graduates of these vocational courses Is much greater than the supply and Is increasing. According to the War Production board, over ten million additional war Industry workers will be needed within the year ahead to staff plants now being built or ex panded. The vocational training activities in Oakland, Calif., are typical of those in many cities near great ship yards or other centers producing the machinery of war. On April 1, 1942, there were 199 classes in "de fense training" in the Oakland schools, enrolling 3,901 students. This was 473 less than the number of students the Oakland schools were prepared to accommodate in this kind of work. During January, February and March an average of 500 trained workers a month were placed in war manufacturing from this school system. There have never been sufficient trainees enrolled to meet the demand for riveters, chippers caulkers, ship fitters, sheet metal William J. Hamilton, superintend ent of schools, Oak Park, 111., spoke on this problem which faced educa tion: "There is evidence that dur ing the post-war period, conditions pertaining to the support of the pub lic schools will not be improved. The demand for social security is already being given much consid eration as the principal factor in the new social order and may super sede education in importance . public education will become' in, volved in a confusing mass of legislation." Victory v. Luxury "John's older brother who fin ished high school in 1941 burned up the tires of his old jallopy on the highways at sixty miles an hour, either pleasure or business bent. John wilt ride a bus or walk to "go places and do things." Susan who graduates In 1942 will find that permanents, fluffy evening dresses, silk and nylon hose were luxuries that her older sister of 1940 did not be queath to her. Youth, like the rest of us, must sacrifice some of the refinements of existence, and before the struggle Is over, may forego some of the necessities." workers, electricians, ship carpen ters, joiners and other skilled trades. There Is opportunity of some kind today for youth every where. All can join in the "great adventure" in some capacity. This Is true for girls as well as for boys. Many girls are taking their places in the war industries. The great ex pansion of offices In Washington and other centers of administra tion of the war effort issue calls for typists, stenographers, clerks and secretaries. Many girls are enrolling in nursing courses which lead to direct or indirect service, for some of which of ficer's commissions are avail able, In the armed forces. The kinds of military work for girls to choose from are numer ous, and announcements of fur ther opportunities are expected from time to time. Ofttimes the impulse to seek serv ice far afield is ill advised. There is also the home front. Whole states must be prepared to resist invasion from land, sea or air. Civilian de fense is vital. First aid, air raid duty, auxiliary fire and police serv ice must be manned and adminis tered. In hundreds of agricultural com munities high school graduates will immediately lay aside their diplo mas for cultivator handles and hoes. There is much truth in the slogan that "Food will win the war." The provision of food stuffs and the use of foods dictated by modern know! edge of nutrition for both civilian and soldier are of vital Importance. Many of the opportunities may be seized without leaving home or community. The alert and eager high school graduate will look about him for unfilled places in the ranks, step In where he is best qualified and serve. The student selected by fate for graduation in 1942 faces towering handicaps as well as opportunities. For many of these graduates, school days are ended. In any case, edu cational careers will be interrupt ed or diverted from original pur poses. The Test They Face. Ambitions must be modified, new emphasis placed upon ideals and duties. The high school graduate of 1942 faces the severest kind of test which can be given to individuals the test of flexibility, adjustment to untoward circumstances. This ap plies to the minor as well as to the major enterprises of life. The contrast is still greater if we compare this generation with grand father's as an illustration of change hi our national life. To that elderly gentleman now toasting his slippered heels in retirement by the fireplace, Horace Greeley's advice, "Go West, young man," was an inspiration. There was an immeasurably wealthy West to conquer. Grandfather saw the finishing touches given to the world's greatest economic emp,' i, as the ingenuity, energy, and de termination of a New world, assem bled from the tribes from the Old, trimmed off the last frontiers from the American wilderness. Looking beyond the present strife, there is the citizen-in-the-making getting ready for the years ahead. Complete and final victory would be unavailing if we lost in peace what we bad won In war; There is a tre mendous task of reconstruction ahead of all the world. There is the rubble to clear away; but much more important there are new struc tures to take the place of the old. me vision and capacity of todav'a youth will determine whether thev l : it i . live ui uie rums oi a past or in new edifices builded upon the ideals of freedom and liberty. THURSDAY, MAY 21, 1942 Gay Vanity Table Is Easy to Make ( it i ) mvLJf ' HLIftMT -OF TABU 20 Underneath It's a Packing Box. TpHIS is what your bedroom needs a Southern-belle van ity I Between frothy ruffles of red. dotted white Swiss you get tanta lizing glimpses of red ribbon, run through beading and tiei in bows. Darling, with pretty curtains and bed spread to match! Our 32-page booklet tellj details of making the vanity. Also tells how to make inexpensively a book rack tide table, pillow tops, pot holders, many other attractive items for yourself or as gifts. Send your order to: READER-HOME SERVICE 35 Sixth Avenue New York City Enclose 15 cents in coins for your copy of HAND-MADE GIFT NOV ELTIES. Name Address. Legal Holidays According to the Constitution neither congress nor the President has the power to prescribe legal holidays except in the District of Columbia and the U. S. territorial possessions, says Collier's. Nev ertheless, congress has recognized the following days as public holi days: New Year's day, Washing ton's birthday, Memorial day. the Fourth of July, Labor day, and Christmas. Since most of these holidays have been declared local holidays by the individual states, they can be said to be national and legal holidays. The President proclaims Thanksgiving a holiday. DON'T LET CONSTIPATION SLOW YOU UP When bowels are sluggish and you feel irritable, headachy and everything you do is an effort, do as millions- do chew FEEN-A-MINT, the modern chewing gum laiative. Simply chew FEEN-A-MINT before you go to bed sleep with out being disturbed next morning gentle, thorough relief, helping you feel swell again, full of your normal pep. Try FEEN-A-MINT. Tastes good, is handy and economical. A generous family supply FEEN-A-MINTTo One ounce makes six gallons of aphis spray ... Full direc tions on label. Insist on .factory sealed packages. , toucco rr-MotHXttiomuui u cmraiMioH, MKOtrotHio B lOUIIVIUt. KINTUCNV tto us -wmm VACATION IN SO. CALIFORNIA Tool Unle 8am says : ". . . rmreatlonal travel. . . one of the smntat malnlalnluf Toraea of national morale. " In svlteof ramors, trarel IS normal In IMiueniOall(arata.TnnaportUontoaii(I Ummsbont the at&ta 18 normal, and hotel and reaort H fa IB normal. For data, wriu HOTELS aMm Cttifomit M S. Hill SL, Imh roi, Ue Anaataa, Cat. We Can All Be BUY In bringing us buying Information, as lo prices that are being asked for whal w Intend to buy, and as to the quality we can expect, the advertising columns of this newspaper perform a worth while service which saves us many dollars a year. H Is a good habit to form, the habit of consulting the advertisements every time we make a purchase, though we have already decided just what we want and where we are going to buy h. h gives us the most priceless feeling In the worldi the t -dllng ef being adequately prepares:, When we go Into a store, prepared beforehand with knowledge of what Is offered and at what price, we go as an expert buyer, filled with self -conn-dance. It Is a pleasant feeling to have, Hie feeling of adequacy. Most of the unhapplness In Hie world can be traced to a lack of this feeling. Thus adver tising shows another of Its manifold facets shows Itself as an aid toward making all our business retaflonshlps tore secure and pleasant. SAPHIS r is: -- 9
The Beaufort News (Beaufort, N.C.)
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May 21, 1942, edition 1
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