Newspapers / The Beaufort News (Beaufort, … / June 11, 1942, edition 1 / Page 2
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n THE BEAUFORT NEWS, BEAUFORT, N. C. THURSDAY, JUNE 11, 1949? WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Terrific Air Offensive Against Nazis Is Opened With Epic Raid on Cologne; Violent Fighting in Battle of Kharkov Drains German Reserves in Ukraine (EDITOR'S NOTE Whta apinlaaa ara expmsed la time tola mm, ther arc ta af the lem anaijrtt od not neecnaarily al (his aewapapcr.) . Releaacd by Western Newspaper Union. j 200 MILES J Z' j The above map shows why Hitler drove bis armies toward Kerch. Beyond Rostov and the Crimea lies the fabulously rich land called the Caucasus. Larger than the state of Texas, it is wealthy in oil and met als. However, Russian Nazi dream to bits. warriors at Kharkov may well shatter the HITLER'S EUROPE: Gets a Taste From London came the first word of the new United Nations offensive against Hitler on his home grounds occupied Europe. This first word was described as part propaganda and part actual heavy aerial war fare. The propaganda effect was to strike a definite element of fear Into the hearts of the German peo ple by announcing that high U. S. officials had arrived in London to plan an all-out attack upon the Nazis. There was loud talk of non-stop bombing attacks on the Reich. Said tome reports, these attacks would be the heaviest and most fearful the world had ever seen. For the first time American bombing crews were taking their places in the non-stop bombing raids being dealt to indus trial centers of the Rhineland. The London radio let the Ger man people know that Britain was being visited by U. S. Services of Supply Commander Somervell, Air Borne Command (Ground Forces) Commander Lee, SOS Chief of Op erations Lutes, and SOS Transporta tion Services Chief Gross. Army Air Forces Commander Arnold and Chief of Naval Operations (Air) Towers had arrived previously and were already in conference with British military and government leaders, said an official report from Allied headquarters in London. SOS Commander Somervell told a London press conference that U. S. and British officials were conferring on a program to standardize mili tary equipment, including tanks and planes. From Washington came a report quoting Army Chief of Staff Marsh all as saying that American troops are "landing in England and they will land in France." Colog, ne But the Nazis had something to listen to that was stronger than propaganda. It was the whir of 1,250 British bombers and the thud of 6,000,000 pounds of high explosive bombs as the RAF unleashed the "most devastating aerial raid in his tory" to level and burn three-fourths of the industrial city of Cologne in a ingle night. Called the first of the "four-figure" bombing raids on German industrial centers, this raid on Cologne saw a British bomber swoop over its ob jective once every six seconds. Equipped with both British and American-made planes the raiders were reported by London sources to have made the vicious Nazi annihi lations on Britain last year look fee ble by comparison. Even Berlin admitted that terrific damage had been done. The Royal r lorce used so many planes in tne mass raid that anti-aircraft de fenses were of little use. This meth od was described as "super-saturat ing" the Nazi target field so that his aim was constantly diverted. One after another the planes dove low to blast their objectives. One Canadian flier was quoted as saying that when his turn came so much of the city was in flames that he felt like leav ing the scene and seeking another target It didn't seem possible, he aid, to do any additional damage. AUSTRALIAN FRONT: Exchanges After a lull of over a week, aerial fighting on the Australian front be gan again. This time it took the shape of a series of exchange blows by first the Allied forces and then the Japanese. Heaviest Allied attacks were by American and Australian planes striking at enemy invasion bases at Rabual and Lae. There was also a heavy raid on the Jap seaplane base at Tulagi in the Solomon islands. RUSSIA: Kharkov Claims While local encounters were being reported on the Kharkov front in the Ukraine, the operation was con sidered as having resulted in two vital factors: The Kharkov battle drained Ger man reserves and diverted a mini mum of 36 German divisions which had been massed for an all-out of fensive against Rostov. A Russian communique stated that while "attempting to improve their positions, the Germans threw in large reserves for three days In continued counterattacks. All coun terattacks were repulsed with great losses to the enemy." Claiming a brilliant success in the 19-day Kharkov campaign, the Rus sians admitted the loss of 75,000 troops 5,000 killed and 70,000 miss ing. However, a Red army com munique claimed the capture or kill ing of 90,000 Germans. The same communique pointed out that Soviet offensive operations in the Kharkov region were started only in order to forestall the an ticipated blow of the Nazis. The Russian plans did not include the capture of Kharkov. The communi que concluded: "Now that these bat tles are nearing their end, it can be said that the main task put for ward by the Soviet command to forestall the German blow has been completed. MEXICO: Power for Camacho With Mexico's proclamation of hostilities, 11 of the 21 American republics became aligned in the war against the Axis. In addition to the United States, war has been declared by Costa Rica, Cuba, Gua temala, Panama, Haiti, the Domin ican Republic, Nicaragua, El Sal vador and Honduras. Eight other Western hemisphere nations have broken off diplomatic relations. In paving the way for war on the Axis, the Mexican senate approved a bill to suspend 14 constitutional guarantees, including freedom of the press and the right of habeas cor pus. The vote was 53 to 0. Gen. Salvador Sanchez, chief of Mexican general staff, announced that a supreme national defense council with Camacho at its head was being established to mobilize re sources and manpower. The high command has ordered strong army units into positions on the gulf and Pacific coast. GASOLINE: Rationing After WPB Automotive Division Chief Kanzler had stated that gaso line rationing on a nationwide scale would help in relieving potential rub ber and automotive replacement parts shortages, Board Chairman Nelson said that administrative dif ficulties will make it impossible to start a rationing system before July 1. The Office of Price Administration meanwhile was reporting that the LIBYA: Allies Meet RommeVs Drive From Cairo came the first reports of the opening of a new offensive by the Nazis across the sands of Libya in a drive for Egypt, then Iraq and the rear gate to the Caucasus. It was Field Marshal Erwin Rom mel who was leading the German tank forces against the British in this hot desert campaign. But Rom mel's rush met not only the British. It met the full power of American made tanks. And with these tanks, Lieut Gen. Neil M. Ritchie's British troops turned the first spearhead of the Nazis and the terrific engagement of armored forces began once more. The fury of the battle was de scribed as so fierce that a decision in the Tobruk area would not be long in coming, for one side or the other would be forced soon to yield. GULF: Frontier Command As the submarine menace contin ued to mount in the Gulf of Mexi co, the U. S. navy created a gulf sea frontier command and the army at the same time placed the coastal region along the gulf in a military area. This would mean that the dis trict along the gulf coast from Flor ida to the Rio Grande would be sub ject to dimouts and blackouts. Rear Admiral James Laurence Kauffman was chosen by the navy to command gulf sea frontier and Lieut. Gen. Walter Krueger, head of the southern defense command for the army, was In charge of the land fighting forces in the district. No evacuation of citizens was or dered and the army emphasized that civilians within the military area would not be restricted except as to lighting. Headquarters for the navy forces fighting the submarines in the area will be at Miami. Washington, D. C. WAR FLASHES Belgian antl-Axit saboteurs have blown up one of the largest syn- thetic fertilizer plants In their cotm try. This is a serious blow to the Nazis, who have been using the out put of this plant for food production In Germany. For more than a month there have been no cereals of any Home Front Strengthened T For Future Use By Army of Rural Women i Wives and Daughters Help Keep Nation's Larder Full. this about in Iowa, a man and a woman co-operator have been se lected for every school district of about 16 families. They get the lat est information on victory gardens,' the buying of war bonds, anti-infta tion legislation, and other war ac tivities, and see that all of the 16 neighbors know and understand. Victory Gardens. The victory-garden idea was car If victory begins at home, it is up to the women to start it, So you will find rural women today, individually, in small ried to all farm families through 7 fj groups and in large groups, tb"8 neighborhood leaders. The -thelofia maeT Also" Tack figuring out what needs to be JJ "Ued for 5 of feed, commandeered by the done to strengthen the home f afd Sd Nl. I. . ..,. fh.t h..nrf. -J J: - uu iirnsucauy ev- --, . - uumdiiuuuuig n. ery farm. In some states every Of hnraai hiva A orf nf tnrvntlnn -,.. , ... I . " " " " " M irer onn Tnromner rna rrt I fm j . mvur amau ouuaio couccma ire f fnnA U SUDDUed to thOM whn n,iM -. ... , , , . I UUVkiVll VI AWVSU lllUOh 11 V If eC I " " w mwi t-a remonstrating wat wnere mere is . . , . , , , ford to buy them. The neighbor. will there Is a way to aid war " r ' uoualluai I hnnH rr, ... .1.- ,"T," women are also fnllmvtncr production. Three of them, tomb- Drotners, sons and nirea men thrmich with Infnrmafinn .1 .... u .v.. I J 11 11-J i- il- - - " -" manmaciurers, nave oviawcu B1 e au taiieu 10 uie army or gardens, control of Insects and preservation of surplus vegetables, Mrs. M. O. Lawrence, a Mississippi contracts to sandblast castings accent nnsitions in war inHnc. ZSrSr.JX ZZZ try. Food must be produced ly made wig-wag turn signals for and plenty of it. Traveling in trucks, Is now making armaments almost any part of the country, it is POISON GAS: Halts Chinese "Poison gas" was the cry from China as the Japs were reported to have resorted to this method of fighting to stem a sustained drive by the Chinese to capture fallen Kinhwa and Lanchl in the Chekiang province. This was not the first time that the Chinese had accused the Japs of using poison gas. Last fall at Ichang, a Yangtze river port, it was officially charged that gas had been used. Also in recent fighting in Bur ma, the Japs had used gas when hard pressed, the Chinese had re ported. This time, an army communique from Chungking said, the Japs had used this method of fighting only after stubborn resistance by the Chinese had threatened to turn the Chekiang offensive into a Jap de feat CIVILIAN DEFENSE: West Coast The equipping of West coast police and firemen with gas masks gave evidence that the Pacific seaboard is bracing itself for an enemy at- r ' fur 1 p '"n a- I vSi,A parts. When Nazi stooge Quisling recent ly issued a call for enlistments in a select "Quisling Guard" only 35 in the whole of Norway responded. The labor shortage in Italy has become so acute that all males be tween 14 and 70 and all females be tween 16 and 60 have been required to register for "war work service." a CONGRESSIONAL GRAB Even Washington, where congres' sional boodling is an old story, was startled when some 300 senators and representatives took "X" rationing cards giving them an unlimited sup ply of gasoline. The capital well knows that few members of congress have sufficient official business" to warrant an "X" rating. Also, after the way the boys got their fingers burned in the attempted crude "bundles for congress" pension grab, it was thought they had learned their lesson for this session at least But it seems they haven't, for the gas grab is only part of the ration ing ducking story. OPA has said nothing about it but the inside fact is that a number of the congressional statesmen have privately demanded that the drastic tire restrictions be lifted for them so that they can get tires for cam paigning purposes. Further, none of these politl cos said anything about extend ing such a concession to their opponents. They want tires for themselves, but their rivals must abide by the regulations without any special favors. So far OPA has turned a deaf ear to the tire demand. Note: One reason why "X" cards were dished out so freely on Capitol Hill was that a number of congreS' sional wives acted as registrars. a a a FAST THINKER Popular pastime at Selective Service is swapping stories about draftees. Here is the latest making the rounds: a common sight to see women driv ing tractors, feeding livestock, milk. ing and doing practically all kinds of farm work. Generally, these are the farm wives and daughters who, with the help of the older men and the young boys, are not only keep ing up production but actually in creasing it to meet the national goals for vital foods. 10 supply extra farm labor, a women's land army has been or ganized in Maryland, Connecticut and other places. The University of Maryland trained about 30 women who had enrolled in the land army in a four weeks' course in poultry, horticulture, and dairy. Connecti cut's land army furnished help in harvesting fruits and vegetables, cultivating the garden and many other chores around the farm. The women are serious about their responsibility. Visiting some farm homes in central Virginia dur ing the spring the picture of a soldier boy on almost every mantel was noticed a boy who last year was on the farm and this year is in the army. On a big poultry farm. the son was in an officer's training school while the mother carried on with the same number of chickens, working a little harder and a little longer to send her 150 or 200 dozen eggs to market each day to supply eggs for the army, eggs for muni tions workers, eggs for the United Nations more than 4 billion dozen of them needed in 1942. Co-operative Endeavor. If the women are going to work on the farm, they have to save time in the house or get extra help there. The women of Marshall county, S. D., have established an employment service for domestic help in the home demonstration agent's office so that women and girls who have some time to spare can help in the farm homes where women are tak ing more farm responsibility. In Texas, community sewing centers and canning centers make efficient use of sewing machines and pres sure canning equipment and save time and effort for the housewife. leader, tells her neighbors: "If all farm families will grow all they and their city children need to eat it will release all the factory-canned vegetables for those who cannot grow them and for the countries re sisting aggression. So. farm wives. let us Join hands and do this and help to win the war to save de mocracy." Another leader in a Vir ginia mountain community which has been largely on her activities: "I tell 'em to plant a garden, and they tell me 'Why, I'm on relief; and I tell 'em, 'May be so, but you can't eat what ain't." " When a survey of the food supply was taken in Summit county, Utah, it was found that in the 500 farm homes 95 per cent had space for a garden, but only 38 per cent had gardens. Armed with these facts. a garden committee was appointed. and leaders selected to visit every farm home. They discussed the garden possibilities the size of the garden plot, the water supply, the type of soil, and whether the labor was there to care for the garden. Next, letters were sent out listing recommended varieties, giving amounts of vegetables to plant, the time to plant them, and other gar den helps. Women in each neigh- This poultry leader helns tha women of her club with their poul try problems. She is shown with relief reports few41.of ,h" 200 baby chlck em to plant ta he, wlU heIP PP'y ueeuco oimon cozen eggs for the army, industrial workers, home sup ply and the number promised to the United Nations. They returned home at twilight, weary and hungry, to an inadequate supper. The women got busy. First they had a school canning day when anyone who had extra fruit and vegetables could bring it to be tanned for the school. They ar ranged to get surplus commodities from the department of agriculture and a WPA cook. They succeeded in getting a nicely equipped school lunch building by using the material from two abandoned district schools and getting NYA boys to build it Now a nutritious hot lunch is served to 150 children each day in an at tractive, light dining room; and the- A prospective draftee was taking Sharing the available equipment is James M. Landis, left, director of the Office of Civilian Defense, talks with Stanley W. Donogh, assistant regional director OCD director In Seattle. Speaking at Portland, Ore., Landis said: "This Is a priority region, tops In our strategic think ing. I've directed (civilian defense) equipment here to the anger of other regions." tack which Secretary of War Stim son considers likely. Gas mask pouches made their ap pearance in coast cities from Seattle to San Diego. Mass distribution of masks to civilian defense workers was begun at the same time. The defense activity followed Stim son's warning that a reprisal raid by Japan for the Tokyo bombing is a aistinct possibility. XT .LI i .. Buipjung precautions were automobiles will be 40,000, carryover of unused quotas March, April and May. plus from MISCELLANY: - 1 ----- o rv"Mwwa WCIC June ration quota of new passenger taken along the Gulf of Mexico when night shore lighting from New Or leans to Brownsville was ordered blotted out by the army. SMALL BUSINESS: Two Moves The house of representatives has passed and returned to the senate legislation setting up a Small Busi ness corporation to make loans which would enable small firms to obtain war contracts. Meanwhile the commerce depart ment was issuing suggested pro cedures for establishing Business Wartime clinics to aid local business men in working out current prob lems of dislocation and changes in their businesses. Wheat: Department of agricul ture experts estimated probable win ter wheat production in the nine important producing states at 436,305,000 bushels. Also announced was a deferred payment plan for the new three-year crop insurance con tract onerea wheat growers the first time this year will permit Dav- ment of the premium in annual in stallments (about harvest time). his physical examination and the doctor directed him to "look at the chart on the wall and tell me what numbers you see." "What wall?" asked the draftee blankly. After looking him over a few min utes the doctor told the registree the army couldn't use him. He put on his clothes and departed. But on the way home, he stopped off to see a movie. When the lights went on at intermission, he was startled to find the examining physician seat ed beside him. But the draftee was- equal to the occasion. Nudging the doctor he asked innocently, "Can you tell me if this s the bus to Alexandria?" a a a JAP OIL Navy experts are closely watch ing jap efforts to rehabilitate the destroyed oil wells and refineries in the Dutch East Indies and Burma. Orders have been issued that samples of oil, grease, gasoline and fuel oil from captured Jap equipment be rushed by the fastest route to the Engineering Experimental station, Annnpo lis, where analysis will attempt to ascertain from what region, and even from what well, the original crude was obtained. . Nearly all oil wells and refineries were destroyed when the Allies were forced to retire from the Nether lands Indies and Burma, but the Japs are working feverishly to get the fields back in production. So far there has been no sign of any Jap use of this oil. Note: A quart is needed for a thorough analysis, but if no mora than a smear can be found, the navy wants it. a a a MERRY-GO-EODND CThe hens of the nation are doing their part for the war. This year's egg goal is 51,900,000,000 eggs 13 per cent more than in 1941. And so far this year egg production has been running around 16 per cent greater than 1941. CAlthough one of the jldest men n the senate, Senator George Norris, "father" of TVA, is at his desk ev ery morning by eight o'clock, never misses a meeting of the committees of which he is a member, and rarely goes home before 7 p. m. one war measure that farm wom en's clubs have found very useful. Women are also successfully en tering the cow-testing field. One conservative association in Michi gan finally agreed to try out girl testers because they were very anx ious to continue their cow-testing work; but, said these gentlemen, she must wear overalls or slacks we won't stand for shorts on our cow testers. If the home front is to be a strong bulwark supporting our fighting forces, every man, woman and child must understand and contrib ute. Women in rural districts are taking a leading part in bringing """"""""""'"'a aKBaaam!paiHaaiaalnaaHniiaaBnaiaiaaa V JV 4.1 VI Tminiairoirimini 11 furl ai,..ai This "hot stove league" helps clarify war alms and needs. Though these Virginia women like to discuss the situation la general, they have pledged themselves to be careful In avoiding unconfirmed Information Community clubs such as this are focal points In many rural areas. a.iunvXAWMm4r:vw.iVMA.;iMnMumM.m.vjuiaM A. ' 'J v I i ,J This efficient dairy maid is heln- Ing farm women meet war produc tion goals. The use of dairy prod acts has been stepped up commen surate with the war effort. borhood volunteered as demonstra tion gardeners, keeping accurate records of when the garden was planted and sprayed, the cost in time and money, the amount of pro duce used by the family, sold, canned, and stored. Neichbors can visit the demonstration garden and find out all about the methods used. Gardens are really flourishing in Summit county, and the women are growing and learning to use new vegetables as their share in keeD. ing plenty of health-giving foods on the home front Garden Total Doubled. South Dakota's garden coals called for just twice as many gardens as naa ever been grown there before. When all of the gardens are count ed, it looks as if the goal will have been reached with 57.500 victory gardens to supply health-giving vegeiaoies for South Dakota's farm families. In times of war It is even more essential that the health and safety 01 children be insured, and this is woman's Job. The great Increase in hot school lunches and in clinics for school children and preschool children is an indication of a check- ing-up on this sector of the home front When the women of Mountain View community, Va., began to check up, they found that some chil dren were coming from isolated farms high up on the mountains and walking several miles to meet the school bus fortified by a very slen der breakfast and bringing no lunch. Women Students Enroll in War Aid Courses After an extensive survev of the nation's need for trained women in various occupations, the Pennsyl vania State college has made avail able nearly 100 courses for its wom en students, all closely-related to the war effort. Among the elective courses rec ommended for women are jour nalism, commerce, mathematics, French, German, Spanish, short hand, typing, horticulture, poultry al engineering, psychology, physical education, borne economics. These courses are designed to pre pare co-eds for such occupations as abstractors, accountant clerks, me teorological assistants, statistical clerks, translators, typists, stenog raphers in research institutes, fruit and vegetable growing specialists, Inspection work at canneries, rear ing and marketing chickens, farm ana nousenoia mechanics, aides in husbandry, bacteriology, agricultur- nutrition and chemical laboratories, children, according to their teach ers, are much more alert and in terested in cleaning up their school grounds, collecting salvage, and oth er community activities, as well as in their studies. School Health Survey. The women of the Potterstown, Ky., homemakers club, though liv ing in a community where the av erage income of farmers was less than $300, decided that the health of all their children was their respon sibility. Because the school was un der suspicion of tuberculosis, they asked the county health department to conduct a survey of the school. The entire student body was tuberculin-tested with reactors X-rayed. Public drinking cups were done away with and sanitary drinking fountains installed. A free hot lunch for all 60 children was established. As the women look about their own community to find out just how strong that sector of the home front is, they feel the need of more train ing in nutrition, first aid, and home nursing. In practically every rural community in many states, rural women have conscientiously come into town to take a 20- or 30-hour class. In Brazos county, Texas, 120 women enrolled in a 30-hour Red Cross course In home nursing, one woman living in a community 23 miles from the nearest doctor. Epi demics of measles and mumps in Brazos couny recently gave these women an opportunity to put their new knowledge Into practice. New Use for Feed Bags Women's clubs have found many other ways to help the war along. For example, the home demonstra tion clubs of Wicomico county, Md., received a request for 100 emer gency stretchers to be placed at! strategic points throughout the county. As the stretchers were to be made of three feed bags, letters were sent to local feed dealers and farm fami lies urging them to contribute their empty bags. Three hundred and twenty-five bags were left at the home demonstration agent's office. -S:-iBSf5JaT""" i i 1
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