THURSDAY, DECEMBER 3, 1942
THE BEAUFORT NEWS, BEAUFORT, N. C.
PAGE NINE
lAmerica Girds
As Pearl Harbor Anniversary Nears
A Review of Outstanding Engagements of
Our Country's First Year at War.
By CHARLES A. SINGLER
Released by Western Newspaper Uni m.
With the approach of December 7 the "date of infamy"
Americans everywhere will reaffirm their determination
( to work, fight and sacrifice to
time in retrospect. No attempt will be made here to give an
overall picture of what has happened during this fateful
year, but rather a review of some of the great battles in
which American forces have been engaged.
Without difficulty we recall that$-
fateful Sunday afternoon when, over
a radio suddenly gone wild, the
shocking and bewildering reports
came in. Pearl Harbor had been
attacked! People could hardly be
lieve it. But it was true. The next
day the United States declared war
on Japan, and on December 16 war
was declared on Japan's partners in
crime, Germany and Italy.
Since then many thousands of
brave American boys have been
wrapped in the flag they loved, or
have found a last resting place be
neath the ocean's swell. These men
have illuminated the pages of Amer
ican history with deeds as bright as
the orange flash of a cruiser's guns.
Fall of Wake Island.
All will remember with reverence
the epic of Wake island, when a
handful of U. S. marines, marooned
on a tiny atoll In the Southwest
Pacific, made history In Courage.
On this occasion a heroic garrison
of less than 400 marines defended
Wake island against a powerful
Japanese attacking force, from De
cember 2 to 22, until they were
overwhelmed by sheer numbers.
With a few out-dated planes and a
gun or two our boys sank seven
Jap warships, one cruiser, four de
stroyers, one submarine and one
gunboat.
Fall of Bataan.
The next staggering shock of the
war was the fall of Manila and the
U. S. naval base of Cavite, in the
Philippines. America took heart,
though, when it learned of the mag
nificent defense which was put up
by U. S. and Filipino troops in the
rugged terrain of Bataan peninsula,
under the leadership of Gen. Doug
las MacArthur. As it was impossi
ble to get reinforcements through
the Japanese naval blockade of
the Philippines, Bataan appeared
doomed. We recall that in Bataan's
darkest hour MacArthur was spirit
ed out of the islands in a remarka
ble under-cover dash to Australia
by the "mosquito boat" hero of
Subic Bay, Lieut. John D. Bulkeley.
Lieut. Gen. Jonathan Wainwright
took over on Bataan Wainwright,
the stony-faced general whom the
boys loved as much as MacArthur.
Lacking food, heavy guns, planes
and tanks, and facing an over
whelming superiority in enemy
forces, Wainwright's men were final
ly overwhelmed by Jap forces esti
mated at 200,000 on April 9.
Long after the guns on Bataan
I ceased firing, the guns of Corregi-
dor (Wainwright's Rock) kept fir-
4 uuiuhi u . o. n J yiiuw " w r
after the Japanese raid on Pearl Harbor.
Ing. Wainwright end some of his
tnen had, fortunately enough, suc
ceeded In getting on the Rock be
fore Bataan fell. Completely cut off
from reinforcements, and heavily
Outnumbered, Corregidor surren
dered to the Japs on May 6. Wain
wright and his gallant band are now
presumed to be prisoners of the
japs.
Battle of Java Sea.
. The battle of the Java sea began
February 27, when the Allied fleet
. attacked the superior Japanese fleet,
off the Netherlands East Indies. In
this engagement 13 United Nations
warships totaling 47,708 tons were
lost in a series of engagements last
ing from February 27 to March 1.
Included in the U. S. losses was
the 9,050-ton cruiser "Houston," and
the 1,193 ton destroyer "Pope." The
Hero Ship Sails Into Enemy Fleet, All Guns Blazing
In the second round of the battle
for Guadalcanal, in mid-November,
when the Japs threw in all they
bad to recapture the island with its
strategic airfield, the navy did a
magnificent job. In this engage
ment, despite their great numerical
: superiority in ships, enemy losses
: were about three to our one.
jj At the height of the action the
j cruiser San Francisco sailed right
". Into the enemy fleet right through
the enemy fleet at President Roose
for Still Greater Effort
win the war, and spend a little
Allies lost all five cruisers which par
ticipated In the action.
These losses were hard to take,
but America began to smile again
in fact it howled with delight when
the big news broke that Brig. Gen.
James ("Jimmy") Doolittle, famous
speed flier and World War I ace,
had dropped plenty of "eggs" over
Tokyo with a squadron of North
American B-25s. That "mission"
was fulfilled on April 18, and it went
over big, both here in America and
in Tokyo.
First Real Victory of War.
In the battle of that island-studded
ocean known as the Coral sea, which
is near the Solomon islands and
about 1,000 miles northeast of Aus
tralia, America's first real victory
of the war with Japan was scored.
The action occurred on May 4 and
called forth deeds of va'or as thrill
ing as any in all American history.
The Coral Sea battle was the first
great naval defeat ever dealt the
imperial Japanese fleets. And yet
this great battle was fought entirely
in the air, by the planes of oppos
ing aircraft carriers.
The ships engaged in this battle
never got sight of each other. They
slugged it out without firing a single
gun at another ship the first en
gagement of its kind in history. In
this first great victory for the U. S.
in this global war the Japs lost
more than 15 ships sunk and at least
20 others severely damaged. The
action perhaps saved Australia from
invasion.
However, America paid a price
for her victory in the sultry Coral
sea. In this engagement the 880-foot
aircraft carrier Lexiigton, famed
ship that laid the foundation for our
modern navy's aircraft carrier op
erations, went to the bottom. This
happened on May 7.
The destruction of a Japanese ar
mada some hundreds of miles off
Midway Island, on June 4 and 5, was
another action of the same kind. In
this engagement U. S. army bomb
ers roared off from their bases on
Midway island just another dot on
the Pacific to meet the most for
midable array of warships that im
perial Japan ever sent steaming
against a foe. The armada was put
to complete rout.
The carrier Yorktown was lost in
the Battle of Midway. It went to
the bottom on June 7 in the final
phases of the great sea-air battle.
But before the grand old "Y" went
down she catapulted from her flight
Arizona
deck the dive bombers, fighters and
torpedo planes that swung the tide
of battle in favor of Old Glory. A
heavy toll of Jap ships was taken.
Japs Invade Alentlans.
Early in June, after bombing
Dutch Harbor in Alaska, Jap forces
invaded several of the Aleutian is
l; nds, in the North Pacific. They
made their main stronghold Kiska,
and evidently believed that the ever
lasting fogs that shroud these islands
would be their protection. But Un
cle Sam was up there, too, and soon
the fleet's heavy guns, Catalina Fly
ing Boats, B-17s and B-24s (Flying
Fortresses and Liberators) began
bombing and blasting them out On
August 8, a U. S. navy task force,
consisting of a great concentration
of cruisers and destroyers, glided
through the Aleutian fogs almost to
velt told the story. All guns were
blazing. At point blank range she
engaged a Japanese battleship and
disabled her so she could be sunk by
torpedoes.
Rear Admiral Daniel J. Callaghan,
a close friend of President Roose
velt, who was aboard the San Fran
cisco in command of the spearhead
of the attacking force, gave his life
for his country in this battle. The
San Francisco, although hit many
times, was brought back to port
f 1L , '
9 v vi
iTJitJ , m mil WTriwwi !.
When Major General Wainwright,
hero of Corregidor, saw that defeat
was inevitable he said, "I'll stay
with my men," And he did. Gen
eral Wainwright (shown above) is
now a prisoner of the Japs.
the very guns of the invaders and
hurled 400 tons of TNT and steel
into Jap shipping and shore instal
lations in Kiska harbor. In the bat
tle of Kiska only one observation
plane was lost. Not as much as
a machine gun bullet hit the fleet.
Since that time the Japs have
pulled out of the Aleutians, with
the exception of Kiska, their main
stronghold, and the United States
has strengthened its position
against them by occupation of the
Andreanof group of the Aleutians
much closer to Jap-held Kiska.
- Old Glory Hoisted in Solomons.
On the very day when the Japs in
Kiska took such a pounding from
U. S. forces exactly eight months
to the day after Pearl Harbor Old
Glory was hoisted by U. S. marines
over the first territory taken back
from the Japs. This glorious event
took place on the mountainous is
land of Guadalcanal, key to the Sol
omon Islands in the Southwest Pa
cific. This 100-mile long island lies
athwart the strategic route to Aus
tralia. The Japs had labored long in
hacking an airfield out of the tropi
cal wilderness of Guadalcanal. The
marines took it away from them,
and there has been a continuing
day and night battle for possession
of the airfield ever since. In their
efforts to recover this vital airfield
(Henderson Field) and the key is
land, the Japs have risked placing
the main force of their navy within
range of MacArthur's deadly Fly
ing Fortresses and the ."Forts" that
roar up off of Henderson Field.
We have lost some fine ships in
the region of Guadalcanal, but
losses on the island have been light
compared to what the Japs have
lost according to navy reports their
losses run four or five times as
heavy as ours. However, there has
been a running battle for continued
possession of the island on the part
of the U. S., and for re-possession
on part of the Japs. Day and night
the pounding goes on, from sea and
sky, but the marines, backed by the
army and navy, have hung on and
have made some gains.
A real show-down between U. S.
and Jap forces in the Solomons came
about in mid-November when the
greatest naval battle since Jutland
in 1916 was fought. Supported by
MacArthur's big bombers the navy,
in a three-day running battle,
smashed a tremendous enemy
armada, lifting the immediate threat
to U. S. positions on Guadalcanal
As we pause to remember Pearl
Harbor, we must, to get the overall
picture, have in mind the heroic
work of U. S. air pilots over China,
and U. S. air pilots co-operating
with the Royal Air Force in al
most daily or nightly operations
over Hitler's Reich, and over what
was known as Occupied France. We
must remember the fine work done
by American troops in co-operation
with Australians, who have pushed
back the Japs in New Guinea, turn
ing the tide of battle in the Owen
Stanley mountains, saving Port
Moresby, and helping to remove the
threat from Australia. Day by day
through all the months this has been
going on brave men dying while
we take time out to read about it.
Opening of the Second Front.
Things came to a head in the Afri
can desert early in November. Thou
sands of American boys, tank men
and aviators participated in the
great push of the British Eighth
army against Gen. Erwin Rommel's
Afrika Korps, which at one time
was dangerously close to the Suez
canal one of Britain's darkest
hours. Swiftly on the heels of this
battle, which became a rout as Brit
ish forces broke through the El Ala
mein line, America got the world
shaking news of the opening of the
long expected Second Front at an
unexpected spot In North Africa, on
Saturday, November 7.
Ah, we've forgotten for the mo
ment that raid on Dieppe, in Occu
pied France that dangerous, costly
raid last August when American
Rangers were the first actual units
to participate in land operations on
the continent during this war. The
Dieppe raid was not only a re
hearsal for the second front, but
also a red herring drawn across the
bloody Nazi trait The Dieppe raid
was the foundation of the magnifi
cent success with which the AEF in
North Africa was launched, undei
the brilliant leader. Gen. Dwigh
Eisenhower.
$j$$hirsi Si
Released by Western Newspaper Union.
AMERICA AS A MODEL
FOR POST-WAR WORLD
TO THE POST-WAR WORLD will
come many changes. Ideological
forces will provide, if possible, those
conditions out of which another
world holocaust cannot be produced,
but out of which will come a better
ment of conditions of the people.
It would seem to most of us Amer
icans that no better foundation on
which to build a new world could
be found that the government and
system upon which has been erect
ed the greatest, most prosperous
and freest nation in the world. With
in but little more than 150 years
since establishing our independence,
we have expanded from a narrow
strip along the Atlantic to a nation
that covers the width of the conti
nent. Under the system provided
by the American Constitution, we,
as a people, have conquered a wil
derness, have built great cities, pro
vided millions of comfortable homes.
We have built more miles of high
ways and railroads than are to
be found in all of Europe. For
each one thousand persons, we own
more than six times as many auto
mobiles as the same number of
Europeans own. In radios, tele
phones, washing machines, in every
thing which adds to the comfort and
pleasure of living, America stands
pre-eminent throughout the world.
We, as individuals, have greater op
portunity to achieve. Among us
there is a much more equitable dis
tribution of wealth than in any other
land. Our workers receive a much
greater share of what is produced
than do those of any nation of
Europe.
Yes, America has prospered un
der our American system and form
of government. Let us hope it
may serve as a model for the re
building of a war-torn world, rather
than that we adopt any one of the
"isms" of Europe, which have noth
ing to offer us as compensation
for what we have.
A REAL HERO
THE FIGHTING MARINE
I "JOHN IS IN defense work," said
the fond mother, with a tone of pride
In her voice.
I The "John" in that case is a young
man, less than 20 years old. He is
working 40 hours a week in an air
plane plant, for which he is paid
better than $60 each week. I do not
see anything especially heroic about
"John in defense work" under such
conditions.
Another "John" I know is a Unit
ed States marine, fighting Japs 168
hours each week in the South Pacific
and receiving less each month than
the "John in defense work" receives
each week. To me the marine
"John" is a hero.
GLORY OF CRIPPLE CREEK
WILL LIVE IN U. S. HISTORY
AN ACQUAINTANCE of many
years, E. V. Jones, who died some
two years ago, was editor of the
first newspaper published at Cripple
Creek, Colo. It was a real pleasure
to listen to his tales of experiences
in that wild, and then practically
lawless, place. The early Cripple
Creek was a model for other west
ern mining towns, but no other ever
equaled it. Running a newspaper
in such a town in its early days
was a hazardous occupation. Now
Cripple Creek is to become but an
other of the numerous western ghost
towns. A government edict has
closed its mines, as gold is not a
war necessity. The glory of the
Cripple Creek of old will live long
in the annals of the West
FREEDOM OF PRESS
VITAL IN DEMOCRACY
IN CALIFORNIA recently, Grove
Patterson, editor of the Toledo
(Ohio) Blade, delivered a remark
able address on "Freedom of the
Press."
Justus Craemer, former presi
dent of the National Editorial as
sociation, in a letter complimenting
Mr. Patterson on that address, put
into a concise statement just what
a free press means to America. He
said:
"Advertising, In a profitable sense,
cannot exist in a totalitarian state
and free enterprise cannot exist
without advertising. All our free
dom, our enterprise, our civil and
religious liberties, stand or fall to
gether. The newspaper is particularly
the medium of expression for any
minority not in power, because the
newspaper is not under the control
of a bureaucratic government and
a newspaper has the privilege of
taking sides in a political contro
versy. JAZZ ORCHESTRAS
Recently I listened for an hour
to an orchestra playing jazz music.
All of the players looked healthy
and physically capable of doing a
real man's Job. In age they prob
ably ranged from 20 to 35. I won
dered if using such manpower on a
saxophone and fiddle was more
important than gathering corn or
firing a rifle. I will not believe we
are short of manpower for the
armed forces, the farms or the fac
tories so long as jazz orchestra?
continue to operate. .
(1 1 rziSt
Reading thfi Papers Out Loud:
This is not the first time that
American battle flags have been
carried to the Mediterranean. They
were there over a century ago for
the same purpose the extermina
tion of pirates ... At that time we
fought for the freedom of the seas.
Now we fight for the freedom of
America ... If you said that a
little while ago, you were called a
warmonger, an Interventionist or a
soandso . . . But no one today doubts
that America Is safer because men
from Montana and Georgia, Ver
mont and Nevada are throwing pi
rates out of Tunis and Algeria . . .
This AEF Is more than a lesson in
geography. It Is a milestone In
national responsibility.
Rome and Berlin now know that
Tripoli and Libya are our next mili
tary objectives. But their chief
worry Is that world freedom is our
war aim . . . They know that while
one concentration camp exists
while one Nazi propaganda cell
functions and while one squad of
Axis troops resists our arms will
remain in the field . . . America
has liberated North Africa because
a free America can only exist in a
free world . . . The full strength of
America will continue to march . . .
Because the road to Berlin Is the
only way back to Main St.
The whispering that went on
against the British is now being di
rected against the French . . .
Maybe it's wrong to keep Darlan on
the job, but Gen. Eisenhower got
that far by ignoring the clamor
clique, so why should he listen to
them now? You can get a rap
against Giraud, too, if you turn your
ear in a certain direction . . .
DeGaulle has an enemy section
over here, and so have most of the
French military leaders our forces
are dealing with . . . It's the same
old line you heard against Churchill,
Wavell, Ritchie, etc. You'll hear
it again if we happen to line up
with the Arabs or the Hottentots.
Because it's easier to say some
thing than to know something.
Nobody has lined up more eagerly
for the war causes than the Holly
wood workers . . . They have con
tributed their time and their talents
to amusing the service men and
building up bond sales. The spirit
out there is right, too . . Then
they tip over the works by making
a flicker that gives people the idea
that it's still 1928 in California. The
latest to get the hammers is "Once
Upon a Honeymoon." Several of the
N. Y. reviewers were shocked that
a picture could take ruined Warsaw
as the setting for a piece of low
comedy. This is the third flicker
that has earned rebukes for the
movie makers. They will soon have
to start reading the New York re
views with smoked glasses. They're
too blinding for the naked eye.
There's no group as superstitious
as show people. They fear more
jinxes than a voodoo tribe . . .
One of their pet superstitions is that
their colleagues always die In
threes. It's just happened again,
with May Robson, Edna Mae Oliver
and Laura Hope Crews passing
away. Earlier in the year a Holly
wood trio died within a short time
of each other John Barrymore and
two producers, J. Walter Ruben and
Bernie Hyman.
Brooks Atkinson gave a tender
column to George M. Cohan. Best
of all was his discussion of "Over
There," which was the "theme
song" of the last war. Mr. Atkin
son tells you why. "Although 'Over
There' has the strangest and most
unlikely tune," said Mr. A., "it is
one of the songs almost any Amer
ican can sing on the spur of the
moment. It is a perfect expression
of a popular emotion" . . . What
more could you ask of a war song?
So far there have been good ditties
for the service branches Air Corps,
Marines, etc. but nothing for the
civilians to get hot about . . . Mr.
Cohan knew how to stir up people.
He might have spun out another
"Over There." For that reason,
and too many others, he died too
soon.
Two lasses were schmoosing over
their daiquiris, wishing the war
would end and things get back to
normal. What's normal? . . .
That's when the Stock Market fell
on its kisser and bankrupted every
body who's anybody . . . That's
when Bundists strutted In Madison
Square Garden and challenged the
law to make something of it . . .
That's when people lived in tar pa
per shacks and peddled apples on
the corner . . . That's when the
dust storms shooed okies all over
the nation.
Things I Never Kneto 'Til Note
That you shouldn't applaud at the
end of "The Star Spangled Banner."
(It would be just as correct to ap
plaud a minister's prayer.)
That when your doctor writes on
the prescription: "Gossypium puri
factum" don't get panicky. (It only
means absorbent cotton.)
That Miles Standish was one of
the few warriors correctly chris
tened. Miles, in Latin, means sol
dier. (Oh, I read it somewhere!)
PATTERNS
SEWING CIRCLE
Stream-Lined Pajamas
"UR government wants us to
conserve materials, even in
our lingerie. We've stream-lined
these pajamas to save on fabric
but we haven't skimped on their
allure! Colorful strawberry appli
ques are suggested for corners of
the neckline and for the pocket
so there's glamour galore in this
handsome sleeping suit.
Pattern No. 8234 is in sizes 12. 14. 16, 18,
20 and 40. Size 14, short sleeves, re
quires 41i yards 35 or 39-inch material, 3
yards bias fold.
Blouse and Jumper
CXOX down in the bodice so that
it shows a good portion of the
contrasting blouse beneath it, this
jumper has an extra measure of
charm! The front buttoning makes
it extra convenient and the belted
waistline makes it extra flatter
ing! fv. o (v. (v. fv. fw. fv. rv. (v. w. ci. (v. o (V. c. p.. (v. o- v.
? ASK ME 1 ?
? - M
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ANOTHER
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v. p.. C. (v. v. (V. (V. (V. ft. (V. fv. v. ft fk. (t. (V. f.. CV.
The Questions
1. Where is the natural home of
the penguin?
2. What is the binnacle on a
ship?
3. What country was called
"Seward's Folly"?
4. How many figures on the
Rushmore memorial in South Da
kota? 5. What king of England signed
the Magna Carta in 1215?
The Answers
1. The Antarctic region.
2. The case for the ship's com
pass. 3. Alaska.
4. Four Washington, Jefferson,
Lincoln and Theodore Roosevelt.
5. John. That Magna Carta laid
a foundation for English political
and personal liberty.
LOS
Lost, a cough due to a cold-thanks to the sooth
ing action of Smith Brothers Cough Drops.
Smith Bros. Cough Drops contain special
blend of medicinal ingredients, blended with
prescription care. And they still cost onlr it m
box. Yes, 0 nicket clucks that tickle,
SMITH BROS. COUGH DRGPS
BLACK Ok
Classified
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Classified Ads Get Results
.V MS V.
Pattern No. 8232 Is in sizes 12, 14, It.
18, 20 and 40. Size 14 jumper takes 2
yards 39-inch material; 2 yards 54-inrtt.
Contrasting blouse, short sleeves, 1
yards 35 or 39-inch material.
Send your order to:
SEWING CIRCLE PATTERN DEPT.
106 Seventh Ave. New York
Enclose 20 cents in coins for each
pattern desired.
Pattern No Size
Name
Address
Inexpensive Luxury
Then let us laugh. It is the
cheapest luxury man enjoys. Wil
liam Matthews.
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