'
PAT
CASIAf
iL .11 liTL
VOL. XII.
KDiroirs CHAIR.
, . ;n OF 1 HE EDITOP ON THE
;:'S OF THE DAY.
j j,. i i..:,:.., !-;tli(: party is ii a pre-
'I'lit- v ashinton I'ost
! : 1 1 ' 1 the situation in t'(n-
mini'-
.ii.ci th- country says:
' 11.11 I-..- n ......
;i' '( I I IN, lot iuoiaiu.rj mp
i ,! i i iin rati! will holt the ticket
" rk it unconditional repeal
, iiii-H. and the Southern and
!-!!: lfiriocratio Senators say
I, MioCraiS in nit ii bct;uuiio win
it,.- i.itrtv if it does pass. Con
leading democrats fay
,i,t A thev can finally hit upon
,1,,,. j.I tii that will hold them all to--r,-t
h-r ii will not only be a piece of
i,. ,'itics hut will be absolutely
,j(t-.-..-:t! -v it the party ia to be pre-
rv. 1 intact
j i-fr a compromise is to be
.a?' I."! up fur campaign purposes to
, .,; t!ii- voters either North or
h. If Cleveland, agr -es to it
(.vrv intelligent man knows that no
(tttini,t. will lw made to fool the
Surtii 1 n- rouUiern eople are
tti--..iiiv iint'rt they hope or desire to
.... it -l
l'.p,. Miowd a.sks the I). D's. the
f . ,i 1. . v. iiiLr 'inestion: We find on ref-
,i, i,r. i j the taole oi .Jewish money
that :i shekel of silver is r4S cents;
uml u ii' krl of gold is $8.70; ratio
;til. That a talent of silver is
i,-;) that a talent of gold is
'.' J"; ratio to 1. Now this
rt-fi-i-s liack to Fxodus, when the
.Iftti.sli nation had no legislative de-
.2
J jiait.'in nt. Who was it that fixed
I thi.-: ratio hetweeu the mesa's? See
l
irljs to the study of the alible in
j t.'ie ta k of Oxford Teacher's Bible,
Stt- in another column a letter to
I
I Col. !;. l'. (llenn. You will notice
I that it is dated Nov. 1.5 th, 181)2,
iM-ai'l v a vear
ago.
The writer did
not gt-t a postottice and is not now
such an admirer of Cleveland, (Jleun
Co. He remembers about that
letter which Mr. GUnn claimed to
have from Cleveland. Every man
who was influenced to stay in the
'Mnoeiatie party by that letter is
nuk Miowing ins manuoou ana non
rstv Ijv leaving it.
WORE FRAUD IN HALIFAX.
lu auuitier column will be found
3 letter from Halifax county giving
an account of the election methods
in Uosemeath township. We hive
tried to get some one from each coun
ty and township to give us a person
al account of the the frauds commit
ted, hut the people have been slow to
aeiul it in and he have not been able
tu go all over the State to every town
ship to get the facts. When we
spoke at Ilobgood's recently, we got
the facts as to the frauds in I'almy
ra township. We use them on the
stump aud published the facts a
week or two since. At our request
Mr. 1'irady has written the facts from
lwf nieath; another township in Hal
ifax. There 132 men went up to
vote the l'opulist ticket. There were
of them prevented from voting on
account of Simmons' secret circular.
There are 110 voters who will testify
that i h-y voted the Populist ticket,
'mt only 40 votes were counted for
the Populists. Y e suppose the oth
er To votes were counted for the Deni-
"Cm'.ic ticket to make the number of
vuttb tally with the voting book.
"ill a single Democrat countenance
uch rascality and then say he is an
hwiwt man? Will the people even
tolerate to be robbed of their Amer-
birth right again?
Publicans faithful to the gold
BUG PRESIDENT.
The Washington Post reporting
& interview with President Cleve
land savs-
"He took occasion also to speak in
'he highest terms of the Republicans
ho had been so faithful to him, and
feu that he could not ask them to
110 an yt hi uz more than they had al
ready done."
What right had Mr. Cleveland , to
Republicans to help him .carry
"lit a I einocra tic (?) policy? If he
'tended to reform bad Republican
Halation how could he expect much
Republican help? There is a
u"wity of Democrats in Congress
D(1 u he were trying to carry out
ue democratic principles he would
,1Jld now Republican help.
ThU LETTER, MR. GLENN !
a letter, Mr. Glenn, which you
from l.-paW1pnf f'lpvfland fie-
j-"larinR for free coinage ! Did Mr.
levdaijd writf. fVif lfffr nr did
you write it;- te Caucasian ha
feen r-.n:. ,. ...... ..r
iiiiig ior tnat letter, we un
er8t&l that Mr. Cleveland is verv
ma,l about it. Kow f ha rpallv
rot the letf
Ior him. uh t.i i.i u i j
it. - "j ouuuiu ue ue uiau auuut
ou are in a verv awkward no-
"'tl0D. Mr. Glenn. The onlv thinff
, will set you right is to publish
lthat letter.
NO DISCRIMINATION NOW.
In Germany there are but 200O
miles of railroad remaining in the
hands of private individuals, all the
other having been acquired by the
government in 1881. In the con
test that took place in that country
over the proposition to make this a
public Her vice, the opposition to it
came irom the very Bam clans of
people as those who are m hostile to
government ownership of railroads
in this country, that in, by all hav
ing a direct interest in the roads,
and those who profit by discrimina
tion in rates.
Prof. M. Sering of the University
of lierliu, who was sent here by the
German government to study and
report ujion our agricultural and in
dustrial conditions, states that the
entire German people are now con
vinced of the wisdom of the chan;,
and that while there is more or less
discussion in the legislative body re
garding railroad administration, no
voice in ever raised in favor of a re
turn to the old system. Rates have
been largely reduced, interest on
bonds paid, sinking funds provided
for, a large portion of school taxes
are paid out of the earnings, and
there is now a surplus of $25,000,000
on hand. "But," said Prof. Sering
"the best part of the system is the
complete abolition of discrimina
tion, all men are treated exactly
alike, no one shipper has an advan
tage over another. Were there no
other advantage, even if in other
respects the present system was not
so desirable as the old, this one, with
its even-handed justice to all, would
instantly silence any demand that
might be made for a return to pri
vate ownership." Mr. Leggett in
Boston Traveller.
MOKK KKAl'll IN HALIFAX COl.TV.
The following letter written at
our request shows up more of the
late election steal:
IIoboood, N. C, Oct., 1 6, ''J3.
Mr. Editor. I send you as near
as I can a description of the election
held in Roseneath Township last
.November. The windows were nailed
up tight, no one could see through
the windows from outside, the bal
lot box was at a window nearly be
hind the door. The poll-holder that,
took the ballots through the hole in
the window could not be seen from
the outside. The hole that the bal
lots were handed in at was 5 feet and
11 inches from the ground. The bull
jen extended the length of the house,
we could not get far enough otf to
see the ballot box on account of the
bull pen's being surrouuded. We
gave out 132 People's party tickets
and watched them to the polls to see
if they voted them. When we saw
one tried to fool us we erased his
name, if one was challenged and not
allowed to vote his name was marked
challenged on our book. Out of 132
there were 22 challenged, this leaves
110 that did vote the People's party
ticket. They counted as follows:
Weaver 40, Cleveland 145, Harrison
19. When they finished counting
the electorial vote we saw the fraud
and left the house, aud don't know
how they counted the other boxes.
There was not a single democrat
challenged. It looks strange to me
that all the democrats should know
so much better how to register prop
erly than other people of course
that shows fraud aa much a3 any
thing. About 80 of the 110 met a
day or two after the election to tes
tify to each other that they didj vote
the Populist ticket. It was a rainy
day, otherwise I think all of the 110
would have been there. I gave out
the People's party tickets, and know
the above to be true, and if necessary
will swear to it. W. S Bradley.
A Day of Judgement in Politic.
Last summer the Democrat forgot
that there was any "hereafter" in
politics. He "fused" with every
body he could dupe. He traded
with everybody who would sell. He
promised different things to every
different section. He read his plat
form to suit the listener. He was
"willing to teach that the world was
round or flat, just as the majority of
the Trustees desired." He entered
into contradictory obligations to an
tagonistic interests.
Now "pay day" has coine! Hy
pocrisy no longer deceives. Expos
ure , of corrupt aud unscrupulous
methods hangs its sword of Damo
cles over the heads of the guilty
wretches who debauched this Re
public last year as it was never de
bauched before. Hon Tom Watson.
ATTEND TO IT AT ONCE.
Don't let your subscription run
out Renew before the time expires.
It saves trouble and expense for both
of us.
NOTICE
To the American People.
The Democratic party under the
leadership of Grover Cleveland has
surrendered to John Sherman and
his allies, (tf.)
VANCE AT THE FAIR.
HE ADVICES THE FARMERS TO STAND
TOGETHER AND SUPPORT THE
PARTY THAT REPRESENTS
THEIR INTERESTS.
t AKMt.iC AKKTIIK MAt frlsT I.M.M.A
TVHt. TIIKV CAN I.K4. 1 1 K N
THMK l.MKKKM M THOI I
IlKI.l'I.M. I.VKKIIUIIM
KlJK.
nainAre nanularluml Tli IjuiI
On H.l. TwOrtler Mltt-ri Our Cur
rrnry The Mherinan Law the Oul a-k
I. a .j ........ .. . -
'" in ixiokitlbal Itiu.U I to
the White M-tl.
Ihe liaieigh .News publishes, as
follows, the text of Senator Vance's
speech delivered at the State Fair
grounds at ltaleigh last week:
Mr. President, Ladies and Gen
tlemen: I can ver) truly say that no occa
sion of m v life gives me more pleas
ure than to respond to the call of the
people of my State whenever they
have occasion for my services. It
does me good to look into your faces.
and I am reminded that agriculture
is the great and dominant interest of
the State of North Carolina. Seven
ty-live per cent, of the people of our
.Mate are devoted to agriculture and
its kindred pursuits seventy-live out
of every one hundred seventy-five
thousand out of every one hundred
thousand of our population; that is
to say, out of every four men you
meet, three of them are engaged in
agriculture, and are dependent upon
it. It is, therefore, the dominant in
terest of the State of North Carolina,
and as such, recognizing that fact,
my political obligations, as well as
my inclinations, have been in the in
terests of those who are engaged in
agriculture more particularly than in
any other direction. The people who
till the soil are the most conservative
ef any of our population. They are
more dependent upon nature, there
fore, they are more fixed in 'their
habits, therefore they are more fixed
in their opinions and have more pow
er to judge than any other class of
our people. Ihey are nearest to the
God which created them. Whether
they are better or not, I am not per
mitted to say. I can only say that
they should be better than any other
class of our people. At all events,
they constitute the most conservative
element in oar society, and as such,
there is a vast and wondrous respon
sibility resting upon them. We look
to you, farmers of North Carolina,
to resist wild and impracticable
schemes; we look to vou to adhere as
nearly as poss.ble to 'the track mark-
ed out by our forefathers for the pre
servation of the liberties and the hap
piness of our people. We look to
you in Church and State to resist
what has been characterized by the
Apostle as "every wind that comes
aloug," we look to you to help pre
serve, rather than to mark out and
create new things; we look to you to
hold fast to those things which are
good and to eschew and resist the
progress of those things which are
evil.
Many years ago, fellow citizens, it
was brought to my attention, as it
must have been brought to the atten
tion of every man who looks at the
state of our country and the things
which are directly before his eyes,
that while the people of these Unit
ed States were making the most won
derful physical progress ever known
to the children of men; that while
they were accumulating wealth and
spreading and widening and broad
ening the means of civilization faster
than any other people has ever done;
yet, that wealth was not being dis
tributed properly in proportion to
those who earned it and created it.
That natural tendency of the strong
to oppress the weak, which will pre
vail whenever oue man has more
power to fight than another (and he
is disposed to exercise it); that tend
ency which nature has created and
provoked to an unequal distribution
of the accumulated wealth of the
country, has been fostered by law.
And for thirty-three years, a quarter
of a century, . had observed aud still
observe, that the legislation of the
national legislature of this country,
has been either indifferent or direct
ly hostile to the interest of the agri
cultural classes of our people. In
the last thirty-three years great cor
porations have grown up that domi
nate whole States and communities,
whose directors and controllers in
the back room of the office of their
secretary and treasurer, or their pres
ident or vice-president, levy more
taxes on our people than all our leg
islatures put together, and these cor
porations are not responsible to any
body. Under this system of legisla
tion" all of ouf banks (which ever
since the constitution was formed
were considered an essential element
of S'ate sovereignity), have been cre
ated with such powers as enable them
to tontract the currency or to inflate
it at their own pleasure, and the
banks and banking institutions char
tered under aud by authority of the
States have been driven out of exist
ence by unconstitutional taxation.
In some way the manufacturing in
terests of the country have procured
legislation in their favor. There is
not a corporation created for the
purpose of accumulating wealth cre
ated in the last third of a century,
that has not been created absolutely
at the expense of the agricultural;
classes of this country. It is not
denied by the most rabid advocates
of capital that agriculture has notj
had this chance. It has not parti- j
cipated in the general prosperity of
this great country. On the contrary,
fellow citizens, under the State legis
lation for the last twenty or twenty-
GOLDSBORO, X. C, THURSDAY, OCTOBER
live years the laws of vour Mate have i he had I to offer. if th- funn
!een favorable to you, and m far aliens of North Carolina had U n suf
the State government of North Car- j iiciently organized, not a a j!;tical
olina can promote the wraith of the j party, fu nrrrt m.vtsn. with clo-.il
agricultural ami all other lla 1 - door., but with o;eu .l.,i. n:tt-tin- '
challenge any other Sta'e in Aineri'-a ' f all the people of North Carolina;
to show more disinterested legi.-lati.ru j i-i v hi-fi the tanner hoji-l partici
than that exhibited by North Cam-1 s-ate, and had mad.- their voice heard !
lina. Show nie a government i ! every w here, how much .khI it would !
America an v where that ha 1ki-u r-t- have d.M.e me, how 'much -ood :
ter administered: that has been more it would have done the catie 1 was'
wisely administered; where the taxed trying to rep rerf-nL. You still lack;
have een more justlv laid, and where the element of unity, mv f-l!ow citi-
tvery thing has been more equalized ens. Don't let an y "one supsc '
than it has been under the govern- that this indifference" of t he farmers !
mcnt of North Carolina. Why ii to their interests can be ovt-rcomed j
this? Why is it that the national and benefitted by re-oking them-!
legislature ha been so hostile to your selves into a political partv instead
interests and the State legislature so of into a farmers' party. The verv
favorable? I will tell you why. The moment you !-ome a political par
answer is not far to seek. It is be- ty you lose your character a farm
cause this legislation has been mould- j ers'and vou" deprive yourselves of
ed by the farmers of North Carolina, i that rect and sympathy from the
who have been either present in the whole community, at least of men
legislature as memWrs, or have se-of all classes o'f the community
lected and elected those who should w hich attends vou as farmers and
represent you, and therefore the ben-j cultivators of the soil. So long as
i.;cent legislation; whereas m the
uational legislature, although vou
constitute largely one-half of alfche
workers and wage-earners of this
great nation, your strength has been
dissipated. The bond which has
held you together has been a mere
rope of sand, and your influence in
the national legislature has not been
felt has scarcely been there at all.
Why has that been? I perceived a
long while since that that was be
cause you lacked organization, you
lacked the means of combination aud
the bringing of strength to bear at a
given point.
Napoleon's great maxim was to
throw great masses of troops upon
the weakest point of his enemy, and
as one of our cavalary generals dur
ing the Jate war expressed it, a mau
of more courage than of education
he said the great secret vvaa to get
there first with the most men. Vou
have never been able to do that in
national politics. The banks have
got there every time with all four
feet; the railroads have got there
every time, and its the only part of
their schedule in which thev have
never been behind time; the 'manu
facturers have got there everw time;
all the balance of them have. Why?
Why, simply because thev have been
organized and have got the start. 1
have no quarrel with th?m for it.
My quarrel is with you for neglect
ing the means of grace which has
been ottered to you.
.Now it is known to you that a
great contest is pending in the Con
gress of the United States and is di
viding and aeitahug the people all
over this great land on the question
of their money. Propositions have
passed the house of Representatives
and. are pending now in the Senate
which would demonetize one-half of
our currency. Do you know what
that means, my friends? You do
not. If you would take the trouble
to sit down aud read the history of
the English people about the time
great Britain demonetized silver and
destroyed one-half of the currency
of the people and read of the vast
multitudes of hungry men that pa
raded the streets of London and of
wailing women that surrounded the
parliament House, holding up chil
dren crying for bread, and of the
horrors of actual starvation through
which those people had to pass to
come to a gold standard; if you could
bring those times back, you would
see something of what was before
you in case that one-half of our
money is wiped out. Do not let any
man deceive you by saying that one
half of our money is not to be wiped
out. For the only legislation which
is upon our statute books now that
binds us to silver is the Sherman
law which is threatened with uncon
ditional repeal. You can see the
gradual effect of legislation. Since
1873 when silver was demonetized,
for the first time all products began
to go down, the most important of
which are wheat aud cotton, aud you
will see that as the price of silver
sank because its money value had
been taken away from it, that wheat
and cotton went down precisely,
every penny; that when one went
down the other went down as though
they had been joiued together, and
they have been sinking ever since, and
the days' wage has been going down
and everything else that is produced
on the farmer's plantation for the
sustenance of mankind has been go
ing down in the same proportion.
Silver is making its last stand as the
money of the American people.
There is not a bank or manufactory
that has not sent its petition and
whose voice is not heard in behalf of
the repeal. There is not a chamber
of commerce, there is not a merch
ants' exchange or a brokers' ex
change in America that ha3 not
made its voice heard in Washing
ton city; and even not content with
sending on there petition they have
sent large delegations to buttonhole
members of Congress, and Senators
especially, and tell them that the
end of the world is at hand and that
Gabriel's horn would be heard the
day after to-morrow if their wishes
were not complied with. I have
been listening every day to these del
egations and these petitions and
have been hoping I would hear some
voice from the farmers of North
Carolina, but I heard not one. Why
have not the farmers organized
themselves into a body aud eent on
resolutions approving my course and
begging me to stand steady? But
the great bulk of farmers a3 farmers
were as dumb as an oyster too lazy
or too indifferent to get together and
pass resolutions to hold up the hands
of your representative who is in the
midst of so much trouble and trying
to sustain your interests. Private
letters I would receive by the hun
dred encouraging me and endorsing
my course, but-tiothiug for the pub-
: vou act together as farmers all to-
i . . ... .
itical parties will seek vou and
your lnlluence. v henever vou act
as a political party only, all ioliti
-.1 . . -11 e" 1 . .
Chi parties win ngni you, ami vou
become as other political parties.
and moreover, when you do that, as
1 have already intimated you de
prive yourselves of g.HHl men, the
broad men and literal men who are
your friends in all the other parties,
and you will not permit them to
serve you or to help you, but as po
litical apostates, and that men do
not want to become. Iet me advise
the people of North Carolina, the
agricultural people of North Caroli
na, those who have already associat
ed with a political party devoted to
tanners interests, as well as those
who have not, but who have the.
farmers interests at heart, let me ad
vise you to make no new political
antagonists, but to hold yourselves
ready as a class of men to throw
your weight in behalf of any meas
ure and of any man and of any par
ty w ho agrees with you as to the is
sues which are to be decided by the
people of North Carolina. I have
hope tor the greatest issues winch
are before us.
The silver light is now hearing its
completion. It is so near that a few
days ago I received a belated peti
tion praying for the passage of the
unconditional repeal of the Sherman
law, and I refused to present it, on
the ground that I belonged to a
church which does not believe it is
lawful to pray for the dead. We
will get a compromise, fellow citi
zens. We are bound to have a com
promise, and that is being realized
among all those who favor uncondi
tional repeal and the return to the
gold standard. The constitution it
self is a compromise of conflict
ing interests. There is not a law
on the statute books of our State;
there is not a statute of anv State in
the American Union, that is not the
result of a compromise. All human
institutions are the result of a com
promise. Even marriages are the
result of a compromise. If it had
not been, where would most of us
have been? That compromise will
embrace the continuance of the
coinage of silver. There are several
of them offered. I do not know
vvhjch one will be agreed upon; but
it was well ascertained when I left
Washington that there was strength
enough on the moderate -side of the
question to pass one or the other of
them. Probably the compromise in
troduced by Senator Harris, of Ten
nessee, will be adopted, which pro
vides for the coinage of all bullion
which is now in the Treasury and
the continued purchase of silver at
the rate of two millions aud a half
ounces per mouth for live years
(during which time we can see bet
ter what to do,) aud that the small
bills of the national banks and the
greenbackers under ten dollars were
to be taken up and cancelled in the
Treasury, in order to give silver a
chance to supply its place as a mon
ey of the people, Some compromise
of this kind will be undoubtedly
adopted, and that is bound to be the
result of the determined efforts of
men who profess devotion to silver
money as was done and hasbeeu done
at every convention in the State of
North Carolina for several years
past ana all over the Union. I say
that is so, and it will have been ef
fected by the determination of those
who were in dead earnest when they
said so. Men who did not profess
devotion to silver money iu order to
secure an election, and then went to
Washington and denied it thrice be
fore the cock crew ouce.
I have had my share in this work,
fellow citizens. Although ii is known
to you that my health has not been
strong for a year past, yet thank
God I am improving and I have
taken my full share in this excite
ment about this contest going on in
Washington City, and but for the
private letters which I have received
from every part of the country I
would not have known, so far as auv
popular voice is concerned, whether
I was serving you or not. Now oj
should make yourselves known. You
ought to make yourselves often heard
and rest assured that in doing so, and
in my advising you to do so, I am
aot preaching anything - like class
legislation, nor would you be follow
ing anything that would be denomi
nated such.
All other classes are associated to
gether. Why should not you f It is a
matter of self defense, and so I say
you should do so simply as farmers,
not as Democrats, not as Republi
cans, not as Populists, but as the
people of North Carolina; and when
your voice as such reaches Wash
ington, that voiee will be listened to.
That voice is the vice of God so far
as the legislation of this country s
Continued on second page.
. 18JK5.
N klDK II I I .
The Han Who Swi lourlru llHr- Ii
1 he I . . pmi,.
Jons '.o.vkp a:.u:.
John Board Allen, who is United
States Senator from the new State of
Washington, in a native of Indiana
and is now forty-five years of age.
He enjoyed no iqecial advantages in
the way of education, but In-ing a
bright and industrious h he tried
to improve his mind by studying
aud reading in his spare hours. Dur
ing the civil war he served for two
years iu the l.'JSth Indiana Infantry.
After the war he moved to Kocnes
ter iu Minnesota, where for a year he
served as agent for a grain tinn.
Next he read law in the office of
Judge Wilson of Rochester, and soon
entered the law school at Ann Ar
bor, Michigan. He was admitted to
the bar in 1859 and became a resi
dent of Olynipia, the present capital
of Washington, where lie ope tied an
office in the public reading room of
which he had become custodian at a
salary of $15 per month. He was
completely unknown in the Territory
and had nobody to help him on, but
so great was his ability that he came
to the front nearly at ouce, and al
though but twenty-live years of age
his practice grew within the short
time of twelve months, to unprece
dented dimensions for one so young.
Iu 1875 he became United States At
torney, an oilice he held f or ten years.
Since 1SS1 he is a resident of Walla
Walla, where he has built up what
is probably the most successful prac
tice of any lawyer in astern Wash
ington. He is a mau most affable,
courteous, easy of approach, careful
in his promises, faithful to his friends
and of the most unswerving integri
ty. In 1887 he was chosen to repre
sent Washington in Congress by a
majority of 7,000 over his I emoc ra
tio opponent, Charles S. Yorhees.w ho
for two terms had been the Territor
ial Delegate aud although he was
not permitted to take his seat in
Congiess, yet by his industry and
energy he obtained from the govern
ment much that was of great benefit
to the Territory.
.Mr. .Allen's speech ou the silver
question was the longest ever made
in the U. S. Senate.
WO.SK THAN UOltltKK TAKI ft'.'
Iakkoko, N. C. Oct. 21sc ''Xi.
(To The'aucasiaicj
There are many who advocate
radical reduction of the tariff, while,
at the same time, they favor the
single gold standard. 1 fail to per
ceive the benefit that will accrue to
the oppressed millions by a reduc
tion of the tariff if we are to vest
gold with the sole and absolute pow
er to measure values.
My reason for maintaining such a
position is that notwithstanding a
great reduction of the tariff, with
gold alone as the standard, it will
double its purchasing power, and all
duties or imports being payable in
gold, the importer will have to pay
the premium iu gold, and of course
he will add that to the cost of the
go.ds he imports. Then the con
sutners will have to pay this, and
will therefore not be benefited
at all by reducing the tariff if im
ported goods are purchased.
In an article contributed to the
North American Review by Andrew
Carnegie, entitled: "The A. B. C.
of money" he said: "In the next
Presidential campaign if I have to
vote for a man in favor of silver and
protection, or for a mau in favor of
a gold otandard aud a reduced tariff,
1 shall vote for the latter, because
my judgment tells me that even the
present tariff is not half so impor
tant for the good of the country as
the maintenance of the highest
standard for the money of the peo
ple." The readers of The Caucasux
are aware of the fact that Mr. Car-i
negie is one who has accumulated a
great fortune by the protective tariff,
and notwithstanding that he will
"vote for a man in favor of a gold
standard and a reduced tariff."
Why does he maintain jsjc'i a po
sition? Because the appreciation of
gold will more than offset the reduc
tion of the tariff.
.Tames B Lloyd
M .
ERA OF TRANSITION.
SIGNS THAT SIGNIFY THE APPROACH
OP A NEW SOCIAL ORDER.
R. nMM DUea, Jr.. CMttem tit
f the Me-
biIi lury m4 I !
N'tw Yokk. Oct, IX Rr. ThinM
, I.sn. Jr., roRtinuM the ri f wr
; uvi! .u thf cotninir revolution at Ao-
cinti. n hall thi rooming. Th n
i of t(Uv't wnnou the ril oi
, trftiiMiion cr the rharrteriiUr of tlx
titnn which slifMfr the upprowch of h
l tw . ia1 onler. lie dicnml nrh
Mjjtu. the rapidity of material yrygrr
in the ehuunMtiou of time and wv, the
; iiirvlu devt-lfpiueut of mwhutiim;
j fore, the di-overie of science a well
j a the ip-ow-tit of ritic. the iuteii'iftra.
tion of lif, and the riae of the rotm cii
j i . to h:icl power, and the ui.i
I venality of education. He declare th-M
to be the element hlch constitute the
Wis of tieceMty of a new social inline.
The u-xt Wii chotn from MattWw xvi.
3. "Ye know how to discern the face of
the heaven, hut ye cannot dim ern the
Wjrn of the tine."
History seems naturally to divide it
self into perioda, Thrm perioda of H
tory have characteristics which d:stin
KuiKh thein from th centuries which
precedo and the oenturie which fol
low the era of the crusade an clearly
and distinctly marked In medieval his
tory. The period of the French revolu
tion in like nmvner htm ita special char
acteristics aul is clearly defined in the
history of the world. So in ancient
times there were centuries of develop
ment which are distinctly marked.
There are, upon the other hand, the cri
ses of transition K'tween the great his
toric centuries of development. These
periods of transition are the seedtime,
while the great centurion of revolution
mid construction are the harveet Hum s
in history.
A IT.RIOh OF PREPARATION.
The nineteenth century is jiecnliarly a
century of transition. It is a ;Tiod of
preparation. It has teeii one of tre
mendous development, and yet it Is the
development of a promise rather than
the fulfillment of that which has K'ne
before. The mt marvelous develoj
ment of the nineteenth century is the
prophecy it ntfves of the twentieth. With
all our wonderful achievements there is
nothing bo wonderful as the universal
hoie inspired in the human breitet that
we will do something better in tlte near
future.
The import of action in a period of
transition is of inestimable imiortanoe.
What is impressed ujkju tjae character of
this ajje will constitute the elements of
BtreuKth or of weakness in the new
century that is to be born. That which
is now shaping the forces tliat hall
dominate the Hie of the twentieth cen
tury must partake of permanence. In
many respects it will lie decisive.
There are certain olemeuts in our cur
rent life which reveal to us the fact that
the contnry before us must be constituted
in its social, economic and X"litical life
njxm a new basis. This mnst bo so
First Because of the rapiditv of ma
terial progress during the past genera
tion and the speed of that progress in
this generation. The elimination of
time and space has been one of the most
remarkable developments of our period
of invention, and the jeriod of the
world's invention is the latter part of
the nineteenth century.
In the eighteenth century the world
was divided into isolated continents aud
isolated nations. There was little inter
course, and what there was came through
the slow travel by Bail on water and
stagecoach on land. The facilities for
gathering news and distributing the his
tory of different nations among one an
other were of the most meager kind.
All this has been changed in the latter
part of the nineteenth century. The
world has literally been made a great
whispering gallery, and every nation
gives its quota to the day's story. There
is no longer isolation of any sort. Eng
land and America are today in closer
contact than was Massachusetts and
New York in the eighteenth century. It
is possible for a man to leave America
in one week and visit the dead civiliza
tions of the cast In the nejt. It is possi
ble for a man at his breakfast table to
know all the important events ttiat hap
pened the day before in every nation of
the world. We cross the ocean in less
than six days. We go round the world
in two months, and we come in contact
with the current of the life of all peoples
and all nations.
OUR CIVILIZATION A SYMPOSIUM.
Our civilization ia a syroiotsiuui. The
very delicacies of our table are the prod
uct of the whole earth. What we eat,
what we wear, what we place in our
homes, are the product joint of the ef
fort of the world.
The problem of time and space Las
within a few years been practically an
nihilated. The use of steam and elec
tricity has brought the world thns in
close contact. liut the 8pe-d with which
we are making progress even in annihi
lating time and space is so great that it
is possible within the next generation
that the rate of travel will Ik; increased
from four to five fold at leat-t. It may
be possible for the children of the next
generation to have their suburban homes
500 miles from tlie place of their daily
business. Such an aohievement would
mean the develojinieut of the city until
it shall literally cover the whole earth.
In mechanical developments, our rate
of progress has been a marvel during
the past generation, but It is more mar
velous today. Armies of men anl wom
en now give tltemselvea exclusively to
the work of mechanical invention. Our
daily life has leen literally revolution
ited by mechanics. What our ancestors
did by hand wo do by machinery. This
tremendous force brought into play by
cranks and wheels and levers is a new
problem in the development of the
world's life. The bureau of statistics in
Berlin estimated in 1887 that the steam
engines at that time at work in the
world represented not less than 1,000,
300,000 workmgmen that is to say, the
steam engines at work in 1887 did more
than three times the working force of
the entire earth. Their earning caiacity
at that time was three times greater
than the muscle power of the world.
The advance in the application of me
chanical power to the problems of life
since 1887 has been most marvelous of
all. Since that time electricity has tak
en in large measure the place of steam
in a thousand avenues of life, and where
the steam wheel made one revolution
the electric motor makes ten. If we in
crease at this rate daring the next gen
eration the working force of the world,
it will Impossible to do all the work.
XO. 1.
nwir f.r tf i rtucto aM dWtrt
KitJ. . f rrvcutfuic (rood wtUdtt a fw
hir of rrxy ik, If aocWty ran m
ftnir4 uj- n th xrvTOt:r ratber
than the o 'tr tiM aan.
A M.tt lAVT t KXMTIYO COSpmOWa.
It ran hr at f that It ta tnpo
''! f r tfiy t r-tv day Lola
iiviow '...in army ef w hla ad lrr -with.
'in cauiu a radical liturUur
in fl-.n nitin .-it rdcr within ih
ner future. r orcantiatiiwia la
tdr.r thtl ttateHav fintft-tit th La
t?.!u. tt.i f machiurry ta Um labor of
tif w.rid. lint tWy trM4a ducUht
tlwy will n..t alow in a4nc that th
work f tlw wvrld can W do Vy ma
chinery lu a frw henra ha that lua
chiiirry it liit.ml by a -prUr
aerial order.
Th devrio tiiritta vf a ietx-e dunn
the put iceb'tatioii tiAi Wrti ao uiax
Velott that we literally live in a naw
world leeKit of Uhim devrft-ptnattta.
11a h day reveal brw ': I r. Tb
r.tti' ef procrewr, if maintained.
i". i;ivr . tvio4tioti in t e early part
of tl.-e twentieth rcntnrv iha very oot
lin of whi li t-o projih, t can furvtall
tla. The : j u M. in i Can the
T-!-t.t I .. '." i f j r. b maintained
in the .r,M-..v-ry of nature's aeireta ly
th-" v ho are o(r. lung for thrta? Tha
pro'i.'ility i ttiat it will not only
maintained, tmt aceelrrated. for w her
there v aa -it m man in n-art h of th
creta f nature for nnefnl iud Wjeam
ao there are a thousand men today
Kearrhintf wuli might and main forth
aerrrta to K"m them immediately to lb
world aa a prio n, al oiitnbutiwn to ita
tcit'. and e oiiotni.' hf. pocnlative
twieii.e li! everywhere uvn way to
praetieal science, and the man of eru-hitivi-
i::iml ctooiot refrain from makinf
the u;iicnlioii even ou the pjw of hi
philoMtpMc ulat ion.
thi: r.itownt of (tnia.
The itrowih T cities has teen ao r
uiitrknhie vitlnit the pant (feneration
and in so rapidly increasing in the prev
ent that it preaagea a new life in the near
future a iiew life, ial, economic, re
ligion. A Kbon-e at the l veloj.nient of
the cities within the pnt decade and a
comparison of t nt hdecudt In t bo cen
tury will reveal that the growth of the
city h;is lxen one of the luarvflaof mod
ern life. In IT'.xi t'to j pnlatioti of the
United Stat wuh in round number
4,00(1,00(1. '')! i.juUti,, n of the cltlee
at that time was in roim.1 iiumlera 181,
(HMI -a.:iT 4 r c lit of the whole mjhi1a
tiou, leaving a inrsl upulntion of WA.A3
l r cent. Ill JMM we had h population
of nJ.fion.fXin. The jN.piihiilou uf the
cities had grown to lH.y.Vl.Oon, about 80
per cent of the entire pulaion aa con
tracted with 8 iT cent in 17W. The city
has grown, iu fcliort, to dominate the life
of the century. The rur.tl district haa
lost its Hwer. The scepter of import
has lsen transferred to the streets of the
great cities, uml from the streets It haa
sunk to the gutters, hi. r the dives, aud
the sewer.
The doiuinat iou of city life oer rural
lifo is one t tint cannot continue long
without a nt heal change in the vvhiK
social order. The growth of the city
meiins the growth of the darkeat ele
ments of onr life, st the teiise, for the
time being, of the aavii) elementa. The
growth of the city means the growth of
the active priucii le of onr civilization.
The city is the cent r of activity. It ii
the centi r of gxsl und the center of evil.
It means, then-fore, the m-ressary inten
sification of life. It Hi' ans the intensifi
cation of crime. The development of
crime within thi latter part of our cen
tury has lceuoutoi all proportion to the
progrens of law und order. We Lava
?,ono murders in America and 100 legal
executions.
The daily rcord of our crime ia some
thing npjialliiig to the h u t of those
that love their fellow man. The genera
tion of criminals who ha e served their
term in etil institutions ii increasing
with marvelous rapidity. A (mtial col
ony within the Issly of ivilization ia
something witii which we have never
been confronted Is-fore. The number of
convicts of various degrees which are at
present adding to the hliuu pulation of
our cities is something 1 yond computa
tion. Corruption in MM-iety and in gov
ernment and in commerce has increased
in geometrical proportion to the pres
sure of life.
COIUU IT Ml Nm Al lTIKS.
We have today the most corrupt civili
sation in some re wet that the world
has ever wen. If we take our own city
)t New York as an example in the de
velopment of jMiIitical life in the close of
the nineteenth century, we will have
food for the philosopher and the philan
thropist. In the past generation in thla
3ity corruption ruled iu municipal life,
hut it was a corruption so manifest that
public indignation could 1 aroused and
the criminals brought to justice. The
Tweed regime was routed in short order
when once its rascality wan made a mat
ter of public comment aud public ma
' icion. I'ut this generation haa reached
a point of scientific development in pub
lic crime of winch Mr. Tweed never
I reamed. Tweed was a thief who rose
from the lowett walks of life to roll In
luxury, to sport his diamonds and his
carriages out ot" public plunder. But
he was a clumsy thief.
Today his successor in office, Mr.
Richard Croker, is the Isms of our political
life. He is the mot-t important factor in
our American politics today. A few
years ago he was a prizefighter, a gen
eral sport, and he was poor. Today he
Uvea ir. a palace, he owns magnificent
rural estates, he sports the finest blood
horses in America, and his wealth mnst
be estimated by the million. lie holds
no public office and has no visible
means of support save4 as the boas of a
political dab organized for pkinder In a
great city.
Not only have we such corruption be
fore our eyes and absolutely master of
onr municipal life, but more they add
insult to injury; they pose as the bene
factors of society. The people are un
mercifully taxed to fill the pockets of
these thieves, and Hie masses of the poor
people in the cities must bear the bur
den. WXALTH AND POVERTY.
What is true of New York ia true In a
mailer degree in nearly all of the great
cities of America today.. This intensi
fication of life has brought us the mar
velous increase of wealth and the pain
ful increase of poverty. Our life today
may be termed the tropics of civiliza
tion. It is probable that the As tor es
tate alone has reached $500,000,000.
There are single individuals in this
city whose income cannot be leu than
$20,000,000 a year.
There are a thousand men in this city
whose wealth is vastly over a $1,000,000.
There are a dozen men in this city who
can, if they will, control both the finan
cial development of the nation and dic
tate ita political policies by the use of
(Oodtinuel oi i m 1 1 0 v ; i.j