5K'
. .a
1 ....... I. .l:ltlfcu
! ill.! .U,M?IA
1-4 Tllli
i i.vii wi:i:ki,y
CAS1
N
( ,oi; I II A IIOIJNA
Jl. NO
CAU
C KMICArilTIlK C
C i'i:ori.r.i?i i
C .NOH fll (AIIOt.lKA. J
vol. v."1-'"0
" - ". x i
DIRECT TAX
IS OBSOLETE."
. : Morgan Puts a New
or; the Question of tbo
Income Tax.
,. KKNLD NEGRO SLAVES
.i l:
n iu fun hliirj kUvftjr Via
l,i .1- - I hroiih ainl 1hoimhtfl
, . ,, ., ., il.r ( uii.littitloAul Ilrfliiitluu
I 1 1 . i.l -, in I l''t f History.
, r.. t
. v i.ovfl mm almost radical
- t j4 k ii I y Senator Morgan.
: in i -1 -r til e to the iri
rt . 1 i ' n.-f.-t ihch art; to be re-
,. , If 111': Cllitl'd HtatfcH Ku
,it ii' xt week. If Ken.tor
ii with upon tho )i!-iicl, hw
i (.. .1.1 that the words "direct
. .m- pr ik-m of which iu the.
I'li.u 1 l to the recent decision
;.- ii' iii'dintu from n uts and
.-..I in u n i i 'll1 bonds from tax
... ; t: ;i ' ' u ;tl 1 j obuolete. Iu his
,,n , ai K uing from tba context,
i;.itd rolflj to negro hlavery
, liini iiullilled by the thir
' Hint fourteenth amendments
. .'.institution. They still re
n tli' text, he admit, but they
m- hH more fnrme than tho fug tive
,-. i.i t l,e A t r i .an alave trade pr-
, While distinctly disavowing
, vm. tit-ism of t In- 1 eisiou of the
, i iuite e vidi nt that Ken
,1 nij.iii believes tliat a very vital
i,: l,;n been aliMil ut ely overlooked
u r i i 1 -ration which ha been
, i, t" tbe nuention.
?, i ii !k'l by a reporter far tha
,! rejardwd the words "direct
' Mill Koing operative. Senator
COnit it lit bin a 1 At.R t : -II
on ixcept 'Indian not taxedrby
the htat.s, both in the basis of rep
resentative apportionment and direct
taxation. Under the fourteenth
amendment it includes the whole
aegro race in the United States in
the category of -free parsons.' All
free persona' are liable to 'capita
tion taxeg if Congress chooses to ax
inem in that direct wv L
RALEIGH. N. C, THUKSDAY, MAY Hi, 18".
LETTERS FROM
THE PEOPLE.
only
ler any
compromise
. . .
1 ' ,s nut my wish to say anything
. : ,i ' i stioii before the Supreme
.-I .!, iii which I have no profes
i: il ; nt went, but I feel that I may
: I i I y Jitiite my vi w of the matter
t.iwi.i'-li jour nuediiou rel.ttin, be
i:i ! it iuvolvm the vital povfeis of
ii.- kr'irrrnmeiit and the persona?
i .l.ts or welfare of all the pvolw.
ii, i ;ih' s like the one utiil unitiT.cen
' ,.er.-i t K.ii, invoUiti the powers of
i.. 'il.'11'hs and the executive, our Ku
.r. iu riMirt i, in its authority, a
u in -i','ii of the sovriigntien, and
:iii"M .ill elsn, the people tdiould un
i.rt;iiil the ground on which its
j'lilniMtit.'i are fouuded. I have not
rial tin- opinions of any of the
j-i'ltfi on tins hubject, and fell fiee
t Matf tny views, which are not in
utiv in , a criticism of the opinions
i'f I !- J-Uiles.
Till-. LAW IS CONMTITL'TION'AIj.
"I have not doubled that tue ln
ii mi' law is constitutional, in all its
prn iiiM, but I will only stato the
lt i ' u i. I on which I rest that convic
th ii, hi -t related to the prnpor and
rnriKtitutional detiuitioii of the woids
'i i other direct tax' in the fourth
i-1 i.isi' of section D, article 1, of the
mnMit utiou, which is that 'no capi
tfi'i ni, or other direct tax s-h!! be
Li l, unless iu proportion to tbe ceu
hi- or enumeration heneiubefore
dn ei-n d to bo t;ikn.' If these words
La i a historical or constitutional
nit i rii : t't a t ion , that must be thu ex-
i-l-iMVe rule fi r their definition.
"An untertain vague, indefinite,
i " ii mi nt. and varying defiHitiou
'f .in exception to, or a limitation
ii'.iii, tin; broad and vital power ot
t'niu'tevi 'to lay And collect
t;iM ,'s to pay the debtai and
I l' . A I - ...1
i'iuui) ioi uie coiuuiiMi ueieune auu
in 1,. 1 welfare of the United SSt.ttes,
inu.-t 1 1- rigarded. if such a thint
ui the constitution, as adefect
that i astonishing, deroetory atld
'ifaily f;ital to the self-supporting
I'l' Vcr (.f the whole scheme of the
I'llti ;i 1' government.
'if this clause of the ninth section
"far! nil- 1 iKcoustiued as a limitation
up".i ttie general power of taxation,
Hint not as a restriction as to the
uihIhi.I of laying a pecific tax upon
h St'wi itli-d .ul-j-ct of taxation, there
'Mii' the greater reason for giving
a vlostf nnd rigid construction to
fund woids of limitation, because
tiii-y would invade an express and
uti'l Kilili- d grant of the power to lay
:na id!!.,Kt tuxes,' which is the vital
fluiit nt of the sovereignty of the
K'vuhitit-ht of the Uuited btates.
1 In y il stitutw a foundation of bit't
s,n,ils f eoustruction, utflnition,
'Uiiati,,u, and the meaning of mere
wt'i-.U, dislocated from the context
"f this clause, and considered apart
'I'niu tu entire context of tkw con
stitution, in place of the hiitorital
lied the se of th
w"i'ls,'or other direct tx. toaccoui
1'lisVi a certain Durnose. which was
tue ii-'htical protection of tho insti
mii'in of
- L AM
ihrek-iiitbii or the negro slaves were
liable to su;h taxation before the
fourteenth amendment wan adopted.
Ihis change in the constitution en
larged the power of Congress as to
Uiation by removing a restriction
that, formerly existed and cannot
be construed now so as to de
er ae that general power Aside
from the effect of the fourteenth
amendment on the status of this
'juestion, which ia now open as rm
t""jri, the facts which led to the iu
sertiou of the woids 'representation
and direct taxe,' -io article 2, sec
tion 2, and the words 'no cavitation
or other direct tax,' in article 1, sec
tion 'J. originated in the mutual jeil
ousy that txi.-ted, and was almost
" yomth reach of compromise, be
tween the slave-holdiLLr and iinn-
sbtv.,-hold in if Si at cK.
WHV A IMM' I'.OMIsK was VW7mv
One party oppo.sed slave repre
sentation in the liasis of the aiioor-
tionmtnt ot p difical power, and ceu
tkudrd that flaves were orooeriv nl
fere not persons to b included in
that basis any more than untaxed
ndians were 'persons.' The other
arty insisted that if slaves were not
to be counted in tho basis of renre
resentation in Congress they shoald
not be taxed directlv as persons bv
. ..... .
eapnauon' taxation or nnd
other direct tax.' The
of these contentions made the union
of the States possible, and that agree
ment was expressed in these two
clannts and sections of the constiiu-
tin ia which alone the word 'direct
taxes' ttkl 'direct tax' uppear. Head
in en section these two clauses, as
follows:
keiiieaentatives ami direct taxes shalltie
a'.ort;oiied among tliv several Mates which
may ii- included wilhin tins I nion. ac;ord
in to their rf ictive nmuoer, which shall
he deteriniiieJ ly adding to the whole miiii-
ir ol tree iiersono,- iiiciuilni'' tlione bound
twsrtlw for a niiuiher ol vears. and ex-
!udin Indiiuis not taxed, three-fifths of all
other pers'ins (article 1. section .'Ji. and "no
epilation or other direct tax shall he laid.
unit- m jr'jKrtion to the census of eniiiu
rraliou titreiiiUfore directed to be taken."
(Arti;ie 1, section !.)
I wwuld italicise the words in
these clauses that relate to taxation
and representation iu the basis of
apportionment, and, in both clauses,
it is obvious that tbe taxation ot
persons, and not of property, is the
subject or proportionate regulation,
aud that the word 'direct,' as thus
applied to taxation, has no reference
to property, but does expressly relate
to persons. As to the representative
apportionment, thus made impera
tive, it also applies to persons only.
A QUESTION OK NUMBERS.
"taxation and representation are
so much united in both these clauses
that it is not possible to separate
them grammatically!so ?is to consider
them separately; and the proportion
of 'numbers' is the same in the basis
of taxation and that of representa
tion. It is impossible that a propor
tion of 'numbers' between the States
can be even approximately 'dettr
mined' bv a computation ot the
acreage or vJue of lands in theis;-
spective States. The 'numbers' of
the free people, Indians and slaves
in any State that are entitled to reu
resentation, and are also liable to
taxation, are' made liable to 'direct'
or personal taxation, because they
are directly and personally enumer
ated iu the decennial census, and are
counttd only by numbers in the basis
of representation, and in the appor
tionment laws. Land cannot be in
cluded in tho census, for either ol
these purposes, because the 'enumer
ation' in each State must be actual,'
which is impossible as to real prop
erty, and it must fix the numbers of
pc-rsoas d finitely, so that 'represen
tatives and direct taxes shall be ap
portioned among the several States
accotding to tieir (the States) re
spective numbers.7
"It seems to me to be entirely
clwar, that, both as to direet taxes
tnd apportionment of repr.seTrta-
tion, the basis is identical, and that
it relates, in both cas's, to the cer
tain clashes of people whose numbers
control the proportion of taxes, and
the iatio of the apportionment of
representation among the severa'
States. As to the 'per
ated in the census, some are to be
counted and others are to be ex
eluded, both from the basis of rep
resentation and horn liability to
personal taxation.
THE STATUS OF THE SLAVE.
"Mc-dicas" Gives the Plans of two
Great Spoliation Schemes
Prophecies of Lincoln and
Greely.
PEOPLE BEGGED TO AWAKE!
ICiuglnc L4-ll- Ir.iiu M-u M ho lliluk
some TliutighU for the Iliicmtiou of
the JuukIiui.b One Million Catura-
l N'eelell he 1 iht tiring Turned
Mil.
Stati a
t.'ixatii
M.M't
. i ,
ivtry.
UAb 1HK.IU OKti'.IN IK SLAVE Y
"f iaverv had not existed in the
wimu the constitution was
rtiitmi, these words would not have
h'und their way into the ninth sec
'i 'H the first article ot tn eonsti
tution. They were not ncedfnl tx
ct"Pt i won's of partial restnetion.
f"r :t fpicial pohtical purpose, re
lilting to negro slavery, and had no
Tii-r.eiHe to the"crenbral power o
u except as thev relsted to
uses' on persons. They are
i'fil ..,1 or rendered supei lluous by
t'" foutteuth amendment of the
Constitution which amends epction 2
01 artu l,. , to which these words ex
PffHy relate.
'lh words
r(l!.it"l ia clause
f-LMi.'ll I'.ni.lltiitii.n n i- ulriol'Pll fitit
by tueseconj clause of the four
Jntk iuiieudiuent and the power of
'Uirus Mo lay and colket taxet.' is
nl'iiu'i r 4uahtied by the duty f
al'P"itiouing,directtaxe8'on persons
r property iu connection wi h or
uP'n the t;hsia of representation.
"This iuutndnvnt,"continued Sen
torlKrgau, "made the constitution
to cnuform to the thirteenth ainend-
,enr winch abolished slavirj and
"fea the puwer of Concress as to
"Ppor'.ionibg taxes from the restric
llon in that amended article, and
h'so iu article U of section 2, which
Elated ti layiug a direct tax on free
l"o Hud on slaves at persons in
'ludfd iu uh Mpportioutneut .The
"ru 'capitation7 ww iaUid n its4 -
"An Indian, 'not taxed' by the
State. 13 not liable to any direct
personal tax imposed on him by the
United States; but that does not ex
empt his oropertv from taxation. He
is regarded as an alien, under these
clauses of the constitution, until he
is taxed by the State, and is not h-
or 'othei- direct tax-' A slave or an
untaxed Indian has no political
riirhts under the constitution, and
wherefore no personal liability t
taxation. The slave is a chattel and
The ;rrt Petil til, r (joltl 1 nitt U tc-
M.
A gentleman who was traveling
in Florida a few years ago stopped
at a meeting house and heard a hymn
sung which ended in this way:
' He road am wide, and hell is deep,
Oli, man, your days numbered.- '
That is a song the American peo
ple want to learn and sing, for if
thiy do not wake up to a realization
to their true condition, and that, too.
iu the near future, their davs of
civil liberty are numbered.
lnis financial condition that is so
rapidly absorbing the wealth of the
world is not the result of a day It
is not the result of a conspiracy
hatched up in Lombard and Wall
streets a few years asro. when the
Ilazzard letter waswrittm. It troes
back of that. This thing began
away hack in 12U, when Great
lintain did that philanthropic act
that poets and orators have lauded
to the skies, when she liberated the
African slaves within her borders
i'iien it was that a contest began be
tween two systems of spoliation.
One may be denominated as thu
British system, and the other the
Spanish system.
The Spanish system contemplat
ed the spoliation of labor simn v
by owning the slaves and assuming
the responsibility of their care. .
The British system inaug
urated then in connection
with the fiscal policy of
(.treat Britain (perpetual debt and
old standard) contemplated the
wage system with all that it implies.
There was no more philan
thropy about Great Britain
in emancipating her slaves
than there was in her shoot
ng down Chinamen to make them
ouy her opium. Then again thi
contest between these two systems
began in the United States, pro
moted by the dollar worshippers of
New England on the one hand,
where a factory system similar to that
of Great Britain had been established,
and the Spanish system on the other.
And that contest went on. The Brit
ish idea naturally gained force and
strength, until lbfil, when the con
test began, which was to end in
landing the entire christian civili
zation of the world under the Eng
lish system of spoliation instead ot
the Spanish.
L':t us hear what II. C. Balwin,
' 1 i : i i
a union soiui r, nau io say in a
speech on this subject about two
years ago:
"Think of the noh'e felowsjn their par
merits ot blue, listening to the strains of
John Urown's ooiy aa we marched to the
he. guts ot r reueru ksuurjj and onwards to
ApiMjiuattox. e thought we were light
ing lor human freedom. We were inaile to
tiunk that; but that contest, gentlemen, was
nothing hut iu contest between two rival
systems, each one of which had for its ob
icct the spoliation of labor. And when
that conflict was at its height, in London it
wis neen conclusively that the British sys
tem was to go to tne trout ana the bpanish
syste n go to the wall, ivigland had learned
that the British policy of hiring labor and
then controlling priw-s by controlling the
Volume of money, was cheaper and more
protiiahle to capital; that it was cheaper to
Lire libor than it was to own it. Then it
was that the Hazard circular was sent to ap
peal to the greed of the manufacturers who
had become bankers ui ew hngland and
New York and Pennsylvania. Then it was
that that unholy conspiracy was
inaugurated to establish a system
of linance which is fast reducing the
whole people to the condition of debt
slaves,"
Hoiace Greely saw very clearly
that the establishment of the Brit
ish system meant slavery not only
to the blacks, but the whites also
and these were the words for which
the money power drove him from
the flice of the Tribune with
broken heart to the grave. He said
We boast of having liberated 4,0 AK)
of slaves. True, we have stricken the
shackles from the former bondsmen and
brought all laborers to a common level
but not so much by elevating the former
slaves as bv practically reducii g the w hole
working population to a state or sertdom.
While tioasting of our noble deeds we are
careful to conceal the ugly fact that by
our iniquitous monetary system we have
nationalized a system of oppression more re
lined, hut none the less cruel than the old
system of chattel slavery."
The great martyr President with
prophetic eye, as the war cloud
cleared e.way, saw these terrible con
ditions coming, and to a iriend in
Illinois, Mr. Lincoln wrote as follows:
hnt!of two thousand individual.
Dr. Lord says: "These two thou
sand persons owned the world. Her
currency bad been contracted by
class legislation to less than two
hundred millions.
Pliny says: -These colossal for
tunes which ruined Italy, were doe
to the concentration -of tstsUs
through usury, so scarce was money.
Baby Ion's fall m as caused by ninety
eight percent of her wealth center
ing in two per cent, of her people.
Persia kicked the bucket when
one per cent, of her population had
gobbled up the wealth of the realm.
Greece fell when less tbnn one
per cent, of her wealth was dis'tib
ntd among ninety-nine per cent. f
her people.
In the United States the wealth
producers own less than ten per
cem hi wnat tney nave crea'iii. an:
already th- G .dde s of Liberty begins
to show the premonitory symptoms
of fatal congestion.
Like causes produee like ffTects.
and therefore the same raises w hich
resulted in the downfall of nations
in tbe past, causes that are being
telt so keenly in our own fair land, if
allowed to continue, will soon r sul
in disaster aud ruin.
Daniel Webster in his speech
dedicating Bunker Hill monu
ment said: 'Liberty can not
long endure in any country
where the tendency of legislation is
to concentrate wealth in the hand
of the few."
In the line of concentration of
wealth this country has accomplished
in thirty years what it took Kome
50) years tod. Shall we profit by
the history of other nations and learn
to avoid their fate, or will we sub
mitto the plotting of the monopo
lists and money kings,' and let the
present state of affairs continue that
will inevitably result in another ex
ample of that trite saying, "history
repeats itselV
Mepicus.
SO. 28.
A Kinging Cry for the Feoile to - wake.
For the Caucasian.
Greexsi'.ouo, X. C, May 14. Just
oefore I received the little book
?r m you, "Coin's Financial School."
I had bought a copy at a book store
here and so eager was l to read it
that I kept at it, after supper when
commenced it, until 2 o clock 'n the
morning when I finished it.
I am so impressed with both the
simplicity in which Mr. "Coin"
makes plain the subject of bimetal
lism (two metallism gold and sil
ver coined at a ratio of 1G of silver
to one of cold), and the qtent im
portance the knowledge it imparts is
to the people of this State and na
tion, that I beg to be allowed to lay
to each and every reader of the
Caucasian: Friend, without any
delay, get a copy and read it, and do
as I shall read It again and again;
kfor its teachings are logical, true.
sound, and, as I believe in my heart,
based upon the soundfest provision
for the nation's safe and only paft
basis of ultimate redemption monpy
It is not partisan it is not sectarian,
it is not local in its purpose, but it is
iberal, tolerant, fair, argumentative
and broad in its utterances and uni
versal in its designs and takes in the
salvation of the masses of our f - How
creaturf s, from a condition of servi
tude and financial slavery lax, far
worse than was that of the African
slaves before the war which freed
them.
My friends, its purpose is not to
saye the Democratic party, the Re
publican party, the People's party,
out the people you and me, your
children and my children from a
blighting bondage not less cruel and
pitiful than that of the Israelites un
der Pharoah of old. We are. like
they wer6, now compelled to "make
brick" and "to keep up the full tale
(count! without straw," ana our
task-masters are increasing our bur
dens and the scourge of a tyranical
administration is dealt out to those
who will not bow submissively to its
mandates.
Awake! awake! my fellow country
men, now before it is forever too
late, and strike a death-giving stroke
to Shyloek's greedy grasp and help
free, not only yourself and yours,
but all of God s human creatures
from this cruel bondage
Now, one word more, please: When
you get "Coin's Financial School,"
turn to pages 124 and 129 and study
the pictures there, and you need not
read the book if you do not went to,
for those two little wood-cut pictures
tell the whole
it W the distinguished White Uouc
V Ihieh, it bac UD ail. Mr
FrcdrHek D uzla. wan once the Lai
py&ndhooorid recipient.
You "sound aioney" (!rorerite
here io North Carol n a appear ti
"reckon without your host." You
must get out of your heads the fal
lacy that our plain people are tili
tht rame fools ub" eonfiding, un
suspecting natures have been no prof
itably utilizrd by the Kansomi
of tbe pat. Not so. They art
now wide awake. Tuey read thev
think, they study. It i idle to think
of fooling them longer. Per
baps you don't believe what one ot
America' wisest tdatetin?n once
said: "You can fool some j-eopU
alltheime; you can fool all the
sometimes; but you can't f m.J all
the people all the time. This is
true to day; and. to employ a lup
saving, the peo Is are "on to you."
w ny, wherever one iro8 one tan
bear such expressions a "m dou'i
care a snap about this Douglas-
yarn; all tuat oort of thing is rot:"
we want a change in our uationa
financial system, and we must hav
the free and unlimited com aim o'
silver in order to get that change,"
aud the like.
Y ur sins have found you out.
You bal as well "throw up tht
sponge. lou are doomed to isrno-
tninious political dis-olution. There
is no balm in I Head nor any physi
cian there that can save vou. !).
what you may, you must go. You
may turn your backs on the great
head of your party, which is now
being done with a view to your )e
toration with the people (itself a
mean act); you may "change your
tune' and declare for the fri-e coin
age of silver; you may, in fine, adopt
any or all of the Pe-.ple's party prin
ciples; yet you w ull find but few
voters who would not be found like
the "burnt child."
There is, therefoie, no alterna
tive but to stick to "Mars" Grover-
So trird up vour loiis. e
. - V 7 J
plutocratic cuckoos and prepare
for what will, in all probability, be
a fight to the finish a contest whose
happy issue will be tho establish
ment of a popular pover in LS'.lO.
One of "the BuTi.rk Gang."
THE GREAT
MONEY PROBLEM.
Shrinkage in Valaes--"Hoces:
Monev" IHcstnteJ-The Di
astroas Reul & of Silver
Demonetization.
SILVER WILL BUY TODAY
Marh f l'rMlae II t.r W-nlJ-l
It llHlllwa ha- !- (.lie IK I thai
lililbu( my II U lH.hi.m-U4 I.
Vtorth lift) I. i.
Chail s Helnr C,U. Swr. lnry 5
of tLe Mauu!"- urert' Cl ib. and" ed
tor of the Manufacturer, .Uri -d
the Biembcr f ib S'ate U cMitur.
t HrrisSurg. n the iur-tiou ot
oim talbsiu. In rub tauce he p.k
as follows:
The iiiuM Hartl'i'ir phenomenon f
ur ti jici. is the pt r.i.-t nt de hne ii
the
" KICK ur il.MMuMTir.S.
Thi fall has b-en iu operation fr
twenty yea r. and it Las reultdi-
shrinsage of values and a con
juent extermination f wealth which
eanuot be c ni'empUted by judiciot:
mu without ui irm. h-gbteeu mu'h
ago wheat was wirth ,.i cents a
bushel; in October last it was worth
Out .": eent s. Cotton' wh worth M
e uts a pound; 1 .ttlv it dd for fix
cents. Siiver was woith 2 int
an ounce; recently it could be bou.'l t
for 02 cents. Iu lb7J the value of
one acre's prvdtu-t of wheat, coiu n.
'orn, oats and hay was $!.". ,"; iu
1S:J it was woith 8.1." a decline of
nearly 4 p. r cent and the
EC LINE WAS CONTINt KI
through thi year. Penn lvania
produced IS, l'0 ( INJ buidiels of w heat
in 1S77, and thej.roduet d J for i"24,
".ii noil .... .. ..i': t i
i.iKiiivru lUUIUIl UUMH'iS
this year would briii" but a tritb-
m re ttiau .f!,lM O.ouil a loss ot $1.. -
iU,0ih) in out Mate on one crop. If
tto!ard u'.lif I
1 T
C'dJ
ia
ed si Br. ej 1.
tbo .-ij i..;in
the nli r f Y10 4:rf d.!!ar fcere.
lti!J that a p.-M d.IUi ml!.d
d-n ;!1 . Worth it nffbt in
rom. wii: tr!::er b..!ar u-!iJ
lB Will l-e t flh l.at w8-
Fifty rtt. a mf Ti-at r.;U. ,
nxs uf ilrr 11 Lot it a warbl
eo'toO, Wn.l, wbrat t. 1 1 in . OtB .3 J ' .
other tiit. .t ..r ,y!j. it OFFER TO BUY THE SLAVES
hold prec. tLr . i-.j relation to -
tLe-prH!a? .f b in:i i, 1 a it r.iu ri
LeKl. It w ill not but l irh .f I
ibine it ill eot but marb rolJ
DfHtruy Their lom.
For the Caucasian. I
BuRfiAW, N. C, May 11, '041
have been a reader and a subscriber
to the Caucasian. I am and always
have been a strong advocate of ith
ioctriue, and at last it has opened
the political doors or truth and re
form to the common people of this
deluded cuntry, and is letting the
light of justice shine down upon our
oenighteu heads we see now as
we never saw before. Let your ray?
continue to dispel the political cloud.-
until the entire American people
will stand on the sunny side of right
and justice, and bury in oblivion
both of the old parties-
I shall continue to work for the
Cai casian as I have done before.
Don't let up on the old rascals until
we have entirely destroyeu the dens
of their refuge.
G. W. ALKER.
Success Io You.
For the Caucasian.
OINE, Jlay I.j-.'Jj. huccessto vou
and yours in the cause which
vou advocate (retrardl-rss of Jcmo
rralic Irutfiis). J. II. May HELP.
American farm produi ts had sold ... j w,, UM. ,,, a, , OM. ,ih
Ib'J.l for the prices of st:t th. y f L, j,,, for .llv,.r
would ha.ve biought f I,.HJti,fiNi,0i . ; , ntl f,.r M ,! )t.t .
more
Distinction must be made between
fall of prices and fall of values. If
a 1 icm is invented which will weave
it-1 . i ...
ll I ' g.14 Ml OB Bp.
H'l- l 1 . i.( tL f,rt that the
char has be n not in Urr, tot in
ifoM. W'tf. l,r lid . rent tltir
d.!ar. but e b a gidd dd! r
w.'Hb a'-iut il UY I-tnot,rtix-e .1,
aiid i.r ill c ut j'4t a f La
done. The fault h a it wrh tb
metal. I ut with
1HCATSK l.t.ILaTliK
wh.i-h d:rrittiir.ate a?aiBt one met
al in favor of the other.
An attempt ) m 1 to i
oiit lor thi fl! f pri- u'xn tl
theory licit th'-re i rpfoccti- t.
It 14 uurea"ouatiS" t aL u t ! -!i
re ti at there L Iwu rprixlut
ti"D all along tii line f. r twrLtv
yar. and the fat that miliionm .f
men have
NC'T ENMtolt H"il UK I L"?HIN.
is 'i'.:iient to d. m ntrate tLat tLc
tli-iy i Vouid. Ti.ke wheat, for
example The be l ' general itt
thii eouatry to.iraii ly ud. it
ul.eat f ro ing area Iu tictb, we
have two inoliL a rea 1 in win at
in 1-'J than we hid it The
wheat crops f th world are not 1
c s-ive. Th y do not ii.'-ri iif m
fas as the r(itiemi ! f tLe popu
lation d mand.
It is i-aid a I no that there i over
PIimI iction of silver. The Mint Im
port for 1M4 hhowa that the world'
i-tok of filvcr n but eighty odd
milliorm larger than the wotld's at jck
of go'd.
THREE vCARTERS or THE I tPLE
. a I
ol tne earth surer aine. ibone
Mirer. Tbu,
tNllh di -
lenupj ly ji.
little greater. Tli- verpnlu torn
of xilver is uot a fad, but a delusion.
PAYIJEHT FOR
THESIAYBS:
Lircolu'i Tirt in the fliaptcn
Rciii Ccnfertnc-Kew Ac
count cf & War IcciictU
"Ml lm IbMi
W I . . 1 I.--. rw at j -.t1-..r .1 U ......
iimir i.inis ui ciniu d me mux x n .1 i . - i . iri
-. . , , ... . -,i7."iu nieiiur h,m
INCREASE Tu E dLIll:
wan to
I" THE 1-Eori.E.
eo'intrv, fer example, in enoi -
with tlie lahor heretofore nnairnl
to weave one yard, the price will no
down, but th World Will h rie!,r i Till
If conditions be provided which com- lu'md ind-bt to hi gland. Ktigliud
pel a farmer to iMvithr.e ).io.l,. la. f ' Ptodticei l.ot en -ugh wheat to fet-d
r-- - -'m.
wheat in payment for a debt whi h ' ,,er I"'"' le. She g..w u -. Hon Ii
could have been Paid with one ! r nnlU. he hs n filter inine.
bushel when the debt was contracted. ' Would it tnt be a gd tbicg lor liei
the world will be Poorer. In tbtt arrange that we iluul'l l ay t.ui
former case -les t ft nt i.r...ln. ' ge it debt to ber in wheat, eeltoo.
more wealth. In the latter, more " silver at half r one tbit d prieef
effort
N bero gr-el i at pareut, it m pot
worth hile, in su h eases, to loot.
lor any other motive. OoM tn itio
luetallMu, like freetrsd;-, Itutish
invention; it in a device uf tLe cd
itor for the
The 1 llt VV ill be erle.
For the Cau:sian. 1
Thl rman, . C, May 13, 'J.j. Out
people all love to read the Caucasian
-and scarcity of money causes many
to be deprived of the pleasure of sub
scribing.
As you say, the fight for general
reform will be desperate. And I
know you will need all the help pos
sible. G. It. IIarplson.
-.t lu thr Mate.
For The Caucasian J.
Hertford, N. C, May 10, '9. I
am delighteiLw ith the course pursued
by the Caucasian, in legard to the
Douelassasses inNorth Carolina.
Keep up the good work I took upon
the Caucasian as far the ablest and
best political paper in the State.
J. Li. burns
I'ROPUCES LESi WEALTH.
Bubiness can never thrive while
prices continuously decline.
Moreover, the fall of prices m ans the
enlargement of all fixed obligations.
the wuole world is in debt. In onr
own country, in 1V.H) the .Stat-.
national city aud school debt aruoui-
ed in round numbers to -i 2,(J Jd.UOO.- Holland aud Germany lioth detunue
000, or 10 per head ef the popula- i tized gold after tbe California g!d
lion. The mortgage t ebt upon real deposits were diieoerd.' berauae
estate reached the suui of ."fi UJ,OiO,- silvi was iure valuable. The Kaal
U00. Besides there are the railroad . India Company forcid uin India a
debt and th-personal and oth r! silver basin tor the aatn raoti.
debts. These debts, in fact- are' How was silver drnioneti.df "Si-
owned by the people, for th people ' leutlv." fays President Aodiewa in
nave to pay for them. No man ran ! bis history n the I nitiil r:ates. Ih
say that he is oU of debt. Kich American -ople never voted utoB
bond is an order'for coinmielitie. pro-; the oiii-tion The deed was dope in
duced by human toil. The debts ' IsT.J actually
are paid finally iu the I without THE KN.w LEPoE
ARTICLES WHICH MEN I ROPl I E. I f of thv mD wbo ere allege d
Thus r.s prices fall, aiore and uioie'i,, i.Ve votel f )T it in Concress.
ot such articles must be tiveu to Tl.. li,ltr tbnu. Ir alealtb.
meet the rt iuiremeuts of fixed obll- fcet up as the standard do lar, is con
gations. Just how this has op- tiuuallv alluded to as "honest
crated to increase the burden ot ' v tb imolixiion l.in that
the people may be perceived Un th- silver ddla- is dishonest money.
examination ol tbesd figures. b -
lievtdto be authentic:
Atuvti. GMar TCoLK
V. H ari. of tSe AtlaaU Ctasuu
!in, i'Jiq iotrrt:r; rhaptrf to
lit c i tr ctst over what oororT!
-t th !U -opton II d C-frrrtC
tetm Pre d-nt Latvia and A lei
i.d- 11. Mrbcra. Vice PrrsiJeet
of the CiifiUrrrf. It will W r
nieailfcrrJ t.t Mr. Yltrri rr-r-t.t!t
tUtol that at that renferrttfv
Pndept I. rcotn rrati V d abret
of j'tj-r ta Mr. V,irp a)m, ml
wnte the woid I'iop at tbe
t-' and )cu tuty write w hat Jvu
l'ba- on the othr," a 'axnmt
wh.c'a is takra as turabinf that Sir.
Ijlc1i was rradv and ilhnf io
par the ?:uth for the tlstra.
i' A. Hoard's letter gitrn the de.
taiU i'f a rtniera:ion be had with
Al land' r 11. Mf pb na r tbe sub
jvl utdc r diaru4tL. hhortly after
lr. Strj hri s was itrauuratrU iot
rror tt Ieiria, io the y ar bt,
he ije-nt tbe dav as the t. t of Cub
II . well at hi bome. After dinner
the talk turned to the Hampton
Woadi t'bfrrucef a -id Mr. Howell
ak d Mr. htej'beu if be rrt bad
any hoi that the rotifrrebfr would
turn out d fi rentlj from tbe way it
did.
Mr. Met diet: i said be bad rreat
iie when the iieati n mas first
a: Cat-d nUtut th cotiftrruoe. !
in favor. f aetlling tbe
wr aud j rrvebting furtter bloxid
bid, and when tbe Cxmfrnuce was
Ufi;ea!el by Mr. Blair and others 1
took a vi rj active tt to uhinf
it. 1 b ,r w as very bitter (ejtitiuQ
Ui it oa tbe part of tbe frirtidt of
lVtidet.t Davis in I he conjure, bat
tiii&lij it was autb rir."d and cum
luiaaioi.ers were a-btU-d to attrsd
t!ie i- iLftrep-;. Muca to tny regret
t! e- cotutniMiotitra acre given tpe
ci:;c it t'ructi'jcf, which prereptrd
tli'-ni nefotiating for iwvoa any
otber Luis than that which f aaraa-U-ed
tbe indejiendeDc and autoootnj
.f the Confederate hUtea,
HAHI EktU HI ISBTUt'tTluyg.
M r. Met.b'ts weut on to tell of
hia cmfrrroc with Mr. lis is to
ah rb he urgent that th crttnawiaaMia
be Pot bain J red with iustrurtiotia,
but he gi.t iioenoouraetuenL On tb
otber ban 1 tbe day tbe cv uimiasion-
Udc Million Meeded.
Adair, X. C. May 13th, 19".
-Please don't fail. to send my Cau
casiaxJ. lt is the best in print. At
this time we need one million of
them in circulation. I would not
tory and tell it well, do without it for anything on earth
'.3Ti0.im,'i.m;
91,00,'.
S 1. 0r l,0o j
I'.llshels
1.01l.,iM,0)IO
Awake! awake! my countrymen,
for great is the danger before as."
W. O. Stratford.
"Yes, we all may congratulate ourselves
that this cruel war is nearing its cUse It
has cost a vast amount ol treasure ana
blood. The Lest blood of the llower of
American youth has been free
ly offered upon our country's
alter that the nation might live
i i . : 1 . 1 n ; I . . . f 1,
is endowed with the political charac- reDublic but I see iu the near future, acrisis
terof a 'person for a special purpose approaching that unnerves me and causes me
t,v th Anress declaration of to tremhle for the saletyot my country. As
' J . In An t rf tlie utqt iviriiiint iiinu hacp itfn
the consutuuou, ualccl enthroned and an era of corruption in high
his personal rights as a man. places will follow, and the money power of
in tne compromise inai gave ti- me country win mutaiui w uiuug na
to these peculiar political reigu ov oiig , , ,i, - j1
1 I fnT Von tla and tho rnti rvlir 1wrrrivaj
'aud direct tavs'
il, section 2. of the
istence
provisions of the clauses I
quoted, three-fifths of the negro
slaves were counted in iue uais oi
representation and also of direct ta x
t and the other two-fifths wrre
i-ln.lAil from both, inree-ni nsoi
th tm were made 'persons,' in a pout
J sense, and were, tor that par
poae. placed in the category of free
nfrsonsc while tne remaining iwo-
tifihs were left in their character as
hoit. 1 Under this arrangement it
became necessary to assign a onsti
mtional status to the remaining two-
fiftha of the necrro slaves, so that
a few. hands, and the republic is destroyed.
I feel at this moment more anxiety for the
safety of my country than ever hefore
even in the midst of war. God grant that
my suspicious may prove groundless."
Let us pauss here and glance at
the history of other people. History
records the downfall of no nation
that did not die of its own sins. Egypt
owed her downfall to the ' oncen
tration of wealth in the hands of the
few. Just before her downfall three
percent of the people owned ninety
seven per cent, other wealth. Rome
at the hight of her glory, had"
At the
Wonld be Two to Que,
Lies.
A (Juietus for the l)oiiglasaF.
'O wad some power the riftie gie us
To see oursels as ithers see us!'' '
Ipol's Mills, Ashe Co., May 13,
1895. I not only circulate jour pi
per, bat keep my Caucasian and
Progressive Farmer at my mills for
everybody to read. Timej are so
hard and money is 80 scarce, that
many year, a ,ewhoare to d(
uas issueu carus i . . .
uation aEd mortgage law. B. V. I dol.
., . , . . i i
um Ko ta.A as nersons population or iana owners
... . . .i.lromth rvr hoe Tool irronrnsss nnd
without navmg msu 'cu"u "w & ' , "
pOTCr, einuijf-uye per.Gui. ui ucr
nnnnlstinn held Htles in 1 n d nnd
THE WORDS CAREFULLY CHOSEN. ft;ffSltAH thfiir nwn. - Then her
4 VU.a va vs - - -
It was l.lso necessary that a con- ortiA wer hanr.v-; nrosneroHs.
stitutional definition should be ffiven hardy and brave; her legions were
or as property,
representation.
to the status of the slaves who were
included, as a class, by numbers, but
not as individuals or as treepersons,
Continued ob fourth page.
invincible. Then her currency. was,
in volume, one thousand eight hun
dred millions. When Bome perished,
ber lands and wealth' were in the
Okisko, N. C, May llf '93. The
newspapers are now puoiisning the
following: "Uncle Jerry, a colored
man who has served many years at
t, Ti.:. Ti u ;,.;.!
lij3 nunc uuuae. una issueu taiua . , . ?.
for bis si ver wedd ne-. The inv ta- t
. i a i : c i ,4, i i . .
tinna have been aeeerded. too. bv ue as gosp-i, n iue uwi cicviiju
Mrs. Leiter. Miss Leiter. Mrs. U. S. fhould come off next week, there
f rant, Mrs. Sartoris, Mrs. Harriet would be at least two votes for tbe
Lane Johnson, Mrs. Sheridan and by I People s party where there wa3 ore
all the officers of the ad mini tration, nast year, notwithstanding all th
-1. -L - M' - 11 I-. '- - .
wun ineir wives ano lamiues. ie rirrn ateil ahnnt nefrro miscepe
i. i c -. n i --0-- . o
Lrougiassases i ou oc vo. an
ye who are seeking to dupe ana
hoodwink the-veomanry of North
Carolina, and to turn their heads and
hearts from the fixed purpose of
c-l.: fi 1 . l
umiug vicvriauuiie nuuuu uiuucj
ideas and btate Democratic (.') ma
chie politics, how do you rec ncile
the above with your late Douglass
resolution howlf The great tchiie.
democratic (!) President, your ideal
and paragon of thought and nrter
auce and acti n in matters of State
and social form, together with all hia
white cab net officers and their vhite
wive and families gmexts ocial cvm
p:ny at anegro wedding celebratUnl
D.m't you know ihat th? people all
over the State have se?n this in the
papers? Aren't you afraid it will
have the i ffect to knock the hluk
oat of evt-ry "nigger" in. chairman
Pons coming negro mgistrate
group picture?
Surtlythe Douglass incident, al
lowing it all the force and impor
taace you goldbng hypocrites have
essay 1 to give it, in marked con
trast. The O'Ferral Team h case pales
into nothingness bef ire it. Nothi ig
mde. d, saviug of a spirit of aboli
tion of racial distinction, that has
taken place in this white country,
compares with- it unless, perhaps,
THE N ATION L M-:fcT.
It was I2'MJ .UMiUjO
1'ai'l. principal, interest,
and premium
IOI lialance about
:XuUl have been paid in
cotton ...
Paid principal, interest,
etc , in cotton
ISM LSalanccduein oc. cot-
t-n.
1G Could have been paid
in wheat
Paid, principal, inter
est, etc.. in wheat. . . .
139 Balance due in wheat. .
Thus, after paying in cotton near
ly seven times tbe original amount
Notwithstanding I of the national debt, the American
people still owe, in cotton, nearly
lour limes tne original ueot; and in
otton, wheat, and similar materials
this debt, and U other debts are, as
a matter of fact paid. -
It is of importance to ascer-
Alex IJilprr.
lSJlHV OfTIIE I'll'.pHt.
... . , lets left they were liointedly informed
Mononietali-iii as a device for p-.. , ' ' , ,
: I. l.t..r ;- . -l.r 1 loriu-moiuiu oriA uiiunm
r,,r"'u - "J ,u,.t;j,.i. :...t
iii.i uiu jvi irv-'un; lur iuurllll'
rnce f the Col federate govern men t
llr. iiU phens told of tbe ttievticg be
tweeu Mr. Lincoln and bii aaaocxatrg
ahd tbe cordiality of Mr. Lincoln!
greeting of tbe repi acta La Lite of tb
Co-feleracy.
M.fter e bad returned to tbe ta
loon f the aUsmer, cop tinned Mr.
httphepa, Mr. liooola m rj
talk stive and pleaaant with all of tbe
comuiukionera. lie aermed to be in
splendid butuor and eiorllent tjiir
it. Af tcr a wb le I j ined bim and
ve went ajiait from tbe others and
sat d jwn at a mall table where there
was writing tnaUriaL TbU waa be
fore anj fortcal dtacusslon bad com
merc-d. He broached tbe anbject
of tbe cohferenoe and expressed
fMal pleasure at tbe fact that I
was one of tbe contniaaiooeri.' He
said to tne with ieat arnetnea:
believe jou aod I ran aKtle
this matter. I know you aod yon
know me. I bare cochdrnce in your
ioU gritf fcnd belif ve yea have io
mine. I dj cot think you would
ek tne to do anjtbinf improper,
and I would not require jour coo
nt to anything vbicb I Ultrred
uniuit. Picking up a piece of p.
jier, and pnibiog it toward me be
cud : 'I will write one word at tbe
tain
Tne Caucasian And The Bull-Pena ia
Northampton.
For the Caucasian.
' Jacksox, N. C , May 4th' 95.It
is time, yea, high time, for every
'opuliat who his the good of his
country at heart to be waking up to
duty.
1 am in favor of gold as a money
metal, but opposed to it as a tower
to control this, our once free aud in
dependent government, I am in
favor of the free and unlimited
coinage cf silver at the ratio or lb to
1. 1 have always ad voeated the is
sue cf a sufficiency of paper moi.ey to
keep our heads above water, regird-
lerfs of the s calbd geld. bugs.
I now ask all the good people o:
our country, and especially these
t ... - .I . i
wno concur witn me in me aocve
statement, to awake and shake the
dust off their feet and get ready for
action: for we-are told, "the fizht is
on."
I think it is greatly to be lament
ed that this tight was not on, wha
I Continued on Fourth Fage-1
: -
- whatisthecau.se.
of this astonishing sbrink:,.g' of
values. Th re is but one key to-the
riddle. It is found in the fact that
gold is constantly advancing. No
other completely satisfactory xplan-
ation of the problem can be supplied.
t is a coin, -non mistake that the val
ue of gold never changes, and be
cause people hold last to this error
thfy fail to comprehend this ques
tion. Tbe fall of prices begau in
1873 when
SILVER was FORMALLY PEPSIVEP
of the money function. Prices bad
beennsinthrough a long periodprior
tolSjj. As oon as silver was demon
etized they started upon a downward
course which they nave ever sinee
followed. lhis must tecessarny
have ensued upon tbe rejection of
silver. For thousands of years the
two nietils have been employed to
gether. In lb 1 3 one was thrown
aside and the whole stress of the de
mand for metallic money bad been
diminihed one-half., rot bid tbe
us? of beef, aid mutton will become
dearer. Prohibit- woo'en clothing,
and cotton will advance in priee.
Wi en silver way denied its place
among money metals,
. GOLD BEGAN TO iO UP.
This is an indisputable fact. The
rise of gold might have been fore
seen and it was predicted.
You have often hear! the present
standard silver dollar alluded to as
a "50 cent dollar" and a lightweight
dollar." You may be surprised to
learn that it contains just tbe same
quantity of silver that the American
Hut is it honest money tl-at grow a
more valuable every da7 I i
Lonent money that record a debt ot
ten bufbils of wheat and romjJs
pavmmt of twmty busbls? Is it
ifOMii) honest money that make our nation
i!ale j &1 debt Tar latger, in terms of wheat
14,1-l.oijy and cotton, than it was originally,
after more than half tee debt, in
term of dollar, has been paidf
The only hop.-t money is stable
mony. As Kt. lion. A. J. Balfour
tuit it, "Money should be a fair and
5C!.oiiirMj! h rmauent record of obligation over
jJ.UM.iMi.iMr Jong p-tiods ol time." The monev
which
POrS NOT CHAKOE IS VALVE
io its r lation to commodities, and
that aljae, is bonc-at money. Melt
down (en fil ver dollar", and the raw
ullion will buy as much wheat or
cotton or petroleum as it ever woull.
The relative values tave not ehsng-
ed. Is not silver, indeed, really the
honest monev-!
The claim is made for gold that it
.... mtt. M a 1
istiii'Mtst mjney. cieiriy, now
ev. r, the Wst money is that whieb
w;." -ive tbe mot varied and tffee-
tii- service. It would M? a great
I 'o tbe world to have gold n
. r iiOfd as monev. but tbe world
u
top of this sheet of pap-r aod that
word will be "Union," apd with that
as a basis, vou may write out tbe
U-rtni of aettlemnt. and ou that I
will use all my influence to bare
C ngresi settle as we agree.
HUE IP EXT LIXCOLV MSA M-OIKTEDw
"1 then told bim what our instruc
tion! ere from 1 'resident Dana, aod
when 1 did a cloud came over hie
fac; bis chin dropped to bis breast,
and for several mi no tea be did opt
ay a word. After a pause be raiaed
cut cf bis seat and said to me, with
I . m m . a W .
do without it. liut finIy banc's upiilieu: -i nen, a amuoi rv
!raw silfer, aud the eomtneree fpoosible for any f ortber bloodtbeu.
I bad hoped the war wouia end wild
this comfcrmce, but it is impossible
to mtke any settlement with the io
ttructions by which you are bound.
I trust you will consider confidential
what has occurred betweea us -
"If we bad been empowered to
negotiate a settlexjfmt with tbe pre
servation of the Union as a basis, the
South would have been paid for its
If there are not enough tool for the ur inetruc'iohs biodiar us to rs
workmen some work will have to 1 ogu'ie only the icdepecdenos of the
left und'ne some men will be com- jx-o'.h prevented ur accomplishing
... a . a a a m t
pel led to remain idle. - - - i a0?thujg,for attne toresnoMOi Mr.
Wll-
of mankind would suffer paralysis
Not only is
MLVER THE KOLC MOTY
cf three f ucJh of the human race.
but it is imperatively rpired by
th irold standard nations tor tbe
perf .riDwe of small rusetion.
" -- .a a
which make all the fawiale ru-
. ... . , t., t i .
u-, and wiiaoai wun-a w uui-tt;
trade would shiivel up and diaap-
-The American.
The Reoubilcaa mitt ia the par r of M-
metaliietu. aud everythla? ailver baa ever
ohtainel in thia country baa oome from tha
Republican party. Cajntal. Apru s.
Yes; silver obtained its demoneti-
Uncoln's ueaire for peace, was his
determination that it most be based,
upon Union.""
"These are She words as near as I
can remembrr which sir. Stephens
pske at my residence,"" says CoL
Howell. itn tne exception of ay
zihoQ from tbe Kepabliein party.
Can be Capital name anything- else riir the only person present
W M.a..AW a m inriahTaWI Tn rnll I m mm , f a'
the late Mark j jansioo, an mnnsra
for which it is indebted to tost
party. Advocate.
Rn aiXO THE WEMtT
" CAUCAGIAfJ
fWUlMI
friend of Mr. -Utephens since boy
hood, aod a neighbor ot mine, wcqji
I had invited - over to take rtferrt
withnV -.