'.3
CAUCA
JL NO
VOL. XVI.
RALEIGH, N. 0., THURSDAY , JANUARY 27, 1898.
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JUDGE AYERY ON'
REPUDIATION.
Insists That the State has Repu
diated its Obligations
Bat That
THE REFUSAL BY COUNTIES
To Pat Invalid Hoods it not Kefradlatlon
Ask arral State Papers ta Leok up
tlld lllti lot Artlrlra panne Jiapad.
Ifatou la l7!.
Keptjiltation in defined by the bent,
lexicographers as tbe rejection of a
part or tbe whole of a contract or obli
gation. A promise, which is not bind
ing in law h not a contract in the pro
per meaning of the term, but i what
it railed a nudum pact am.
The General A"ernMy at its session
of H7: (lavts of H70 :b. li(JS) paed an
amendment, afterwards ratified by the
people, to section , article 1, of the
(Jonstitiition, which prohibited the
payment of any debt created by the
Convention of JSCs or by tbe Legisla
ture elected in IstW urdena the propo
sition to pay should have first been
approved by a majority of the quali
fied voters of the ritate. It was well
understood then, a it in now, that no
such authority will ever be given by
the people. The debt known as the
special tax bondn thus repudiated now
amounts to, over $:w,hm),000 and was
pronounced valid and binding by
the Supreme Court of the State. Sub
stantially the same amendment to the
Constitution had been oirered in the
Constitutional Convention ot 1875, and
had been defeated because six dele
Kates, (ien. T. L. Clingman, Col. Da
vid Coleman, Francis Shober, 1'lato
Durham, Kdinund W. Jones arid A. C.
Avery refused at the bidding of tbe
party caucus to record their votes in
tavor of the repudiation of these bonds.
Oen. Clingman voicing the sentiments
of the others said, that though much of
the proceeds of the sale of bonda had
been stolen, several hundred thousand
dollars had been honestly expended in
grading the railroad on the IWue Jtidge
and west of it and the State ought at
least to repay to the innocent holders
scattered throughout the North what
had been received and expended on
public works. No part of this debt has
ever or will ever be paid, an4 no one
of the writers who heap abuse upon
Stanly or liuncnmbe or Wilkes county
will dare to call upon the people to
wipe out the stain or repudiation by
assuming the payment of any part of
this thirty millions.
At the same session an Act was pass
ed to compromise, commute and settle
the State debt, which provided for the
exchange of the State four per cent,
bonds now outstanding for the old
valid six per cent, bonds of the State,
which were arbitrarily arranged In
two classes. The new bonda were to
be exchanged at par value, but the one
class of the old bonds was rated at
twenty-live and the other at Hfteeen
per cent, of the principal, discarding
the interest, that had been accumulat
ing for twenty to thirty years. If the
rejection or refusal to pay a part of a
valid debt is repudiated, let those who
wish the people of other counties to
pay debts, which they are not bound
to pay, declare in favor of a Constitu
tional Convention in order to assume
the portion of the debt that has been
repudiated and avow their readiness to
pay their respective proportion. Wince,
as you will, gentlemen, whether you
call it a compromise or a readjustment,
every dictionary that has been written
brings North Carolina, as well as Vir
ginia, under the condemnation as a
repudiator of a portion of her honest
obligations.
n the other hand Section 1 1, Article
"2, of the Constitution, which was in
serted by the conservative element of
the delegates ts the Convention of
prouioueu in imperative terms
,r CV r'se money
S W V rt a. t SB u j a i A W w vh m aJ frat A l I
- Jl 'ri.i - - . ,eia!. lOBI"
kVrUxunTe'sVVheh ll .th "
should have been read three several
times on different days in each House.
and unless the ayes and noes should be
called on tbe second and third read
ings and entered upon the Journals.
Every statute enacted since that pro
vision became a part of tbe organic law
which in any way -pledged the faith of
the State, has been passed in tbe pre
scribed manner. The journal.
that almost all acts, providing fo.
imposition of taxes by cities or town
prior to 1870, were passed in pursuance
of tbe same well-known requirement.
The object of this provision was to
protect tax-payers against hurried and
fraudulent legislation, providing for
the impositions of burdens upon them.
Jfcvery lawyer knew the purport of the
section ana every weil-inrormed legis
lator looked to tbe observance of it in
the enactment of bills of which he had
charsre. If ienorant nr enrmnt. man
, . . . . " - r-
V nave since disregarded its provisions.
it was the duty ot those who purchased
onus, to iook to tne validity of tbe law
nuer wnicn tney issued. All of tbe
ooks aud all of tbe courts in tbe land
ave united in layine down this iust
ule.
In Bank vs. Oxford. 110. N. C. 214 (at
be lall tern 18U6 ot the Supreme
'ourt) it was held that the reuuire-
ueuis ot section j i, Article 11, were
nandatory, and that tbe bonds of the
town of Oxford held by the plaintiff, a
foreign bank, were null and void. Not
one word of criticism was heard how
ever tin one of our counties (Stanly)
orougnt suit to test tbe validity of cer
tain bona, held by certain railroads
and banks inside of the State. Since
that decision was rendered every
Board of County Commissioners that
has sought legal advise as to the valid
ity of bonds issued bv the countv has
been traduced and some of us who have
ventured to tell them what the courts
have decided, have not escaped censure.
Inrenlv to all this 1 niahtnaav thai
f-Fiv" L"."?! A?1!0"?'10"
a County Commissioner, who, with no
lice ot tbe fact, that tbe outstanding
bonds of his county have been issued
contrary to law and are null or with
Knowledge ot such facts as ought na
lurauj vo put mm on Inquiry as to
KaU tnaal;4: -
ucii luituuitj, continues to levy a
rax to pay mem Interest ' n them, sub-
jeuia uiiuseii 10 liability to indictment
uuuer section iuw ot the Code, if not
to pecuniary responsibility. Everv
the Constitution, and, if be willingly
imposes a burden upon the people of
nuvu umtci larwca au uam
ma cniintT nnntrarv tn ifa nrnii.i... I
ha Unniiaatinnah.lv vlnlatoa hia Ailk
The Charlotte Obseiver, The As'he -
ville Citizen and the Raleigh Oberver
as well as the News were amone- the
newspapers that sustained th Iemn-
" CJ
cratio doctrine of repudiating the
whole of the stecial tax bonds, and
portion ot the old debt in 1879. If any
- a -- .
oi tne living editors of the Tost or
Charlotte Observer will search the
nies lot articles penned by them then,
1 believe they would be more charita-
Die to ine people of Buucombe, Stanly
uw unco, u tuo oiate is to be ex-
cubbu ior repuaiatmg, because tbe
legislation creating the debt of 1863
was fraudulent, much more are the
counties to be Justified because tb
igmauon affecting them was void, it
me state would bide behind tbe frau-
auient elections of 18G3, let her apolo-
ajiaia usien 10 me proof of arbitrary
rrvisiuuaoi pon books, raise election
returns and incorrect canvasies of
votes in the counties. People who re
fused to pay a part or the whole of a
valid debt in 187'J, Lave not made in
vulnerable records, and cannot with
propriety lecture counties for refusing
to pay evidences of indebtedness, pro
nounced invalid by the highest court
of the State, in an opinion, which is in
accord with the principles laid down
by every respectable court in the land.
A. C. Avert.
LOCAL FREIGHT PATIS HAVE BEEN
PUT UP.
Tlie Stataavllls.Maacot.KeplWs to 'the Bal
elgh Foat and Showa.That Freight Katea
ara IIIhar.Mow Than Taa Year
Statesvitle Mascot.,
The Raleigh Post challenges our
statement of last week that railroad
rates are in many instances higher
than they were twenty years ago,
and demands oar proof. As the tail
road books for so long a period are
net at oar disposal we are unable to
go back for so lorrg a time, but our
cotton men give us the following
rates on cotton which had been in
operation for at least ten years prior
to the fall of last year:
From Statesville to Newton 8
cents, to Hickory 10 cents, to Mor
ganton 12 cents, and to Asheville 19
cents. About the last of August the
Southern Railway sent out to cotton
men new rates on cotton which weie
in many instances increases over
the old rates, as these instances will
show: From Statesville to Newton,
old rate 8 cents, new rate 11 cents;
to Hickory, old rate 10 cents, new
rate JG cents; to Morganton, old
rate 12 cents, new rate 20 cents; to
Asheville, old 'rate 19 cents, new
rate 27 cents. About one mouth af
terwards the railroad commission
met and changed the former rates
on cotton to suit the new rates of
the Southern Railway, and extended
them to all the principal railroad
systems of the State.
One of our cotton men tell us that
these lower rates were in operation
when he entered the cotton business
ten years ago and remained in force
until August, 1887, when the rates
were changed and increased as
above shown. He does not know
how long they had been in force be
fore he became interested in cotton.'
His character is unquestioned.
We have shown that rates have
been increased over what they were
ten years ago, and what we intended
to convey in our article was that
rates had been increased over what
they had been vhen conditions were
much better and when cotton was
bringing twice as much as it sells for
now.
The Post cannot see "what the de
preciation of prices in one thing has
to do with the expenses of manage
ment of another." We suppose it
means that because cotton is low is
no reason why the railroads should
not increase their rates for carrying
it. That might be true if the rail
roads were hauling less of it than
formerly and were paying more for
their labor and material. But the
fact is that the amount of such
froight has been vastly increased,
railroad material of all kinds has
been wonderfully cheapened and the
salaries and wages of all railroad
men, except the bosses and "politi
cal managers," have been greatly re
duced. The legitimate outlays of
railroads have been greatly reduced,
and at the same time the rates for
hauling the farmer's cheap cotton to
the neighboring factories, have been
enhanced in some instances over 50
.
PO'cent- Let the Post answer: If
the Southern Railway could haul
c co"on ,n 189G to Newton for 8
cents a hundred pounds, why should
it be allowed to charge 14 cents for 5
cent cotton in 15U7 7 If it could haul
10 cent cotton to Asheville for 19 ctf.
in 1893, why should it receive 27 cts.
ior nauunsr cotton worth hair ss
much nowT Why should the old
State railroad commission allow
A.1 ? . . - ,
iuese increases at a time when our
farmers' chief money crop is so low ?
Read Ayer's Almanac, which vour
druggist will gladly hand you, and
note the wonderful cures ot rheuma
tism, catarrh, scrofula, dyspepsia.
eczema, debility, humors, and sores,
ny the use ot Ayer s Sarsaparilla,
the only Sarsaparilla admitted at the
World's Fair.
Tnraded b 200 Mormona-
Advices from Mecklenburg county
say tbattbe border counties of Vir
ginia and North Carolina have been
invaded by some 200 Morman mission
anes. l be large number of converts
made in tbe rural districts by tbe first
delegation of elders sent from Utah
nas encouraged the church there to
send a larger number of missionaries
to this Held. Thev travel in naira.
without money or baggage, and de
pend upon the chairity of the people
of the country through which they
pass ior suosiBtence.
lhe farmers alonz the Roanoke
don't like t he attempted proselyting of
meir iamuies, nowever, and have
served notice on tbe elders to leave
that section at once. No violence
has, however, been offered the Mor
mons.
Big- Fir In Aberdeen.
The
little town of Aberdeen
was
101M:u UJ ujosk uisassrous connagra-
tion yesterday morninir.news of which
was brought to the city by Mr. Henry
Page.
ine plant or the Aberdeen T.umher
Company was entirely destroyed. The
loss is in ine neignoornood of $25,000
Aueiaciury was owned by Tennsyl
vania parties.
when tbe hair begins to fall out
or turn gray, the scalp needs doc
fpecihc than Hall 's Vegetable Sicil
an Hair Renewer.
M More than 30 emDlovea of the Adam'
1 Express Company in New York city,
II 8aid rntly succeed in stealing
. v,wu ana 3u,uuu oi money
I 1 n J.ll rm v . "
" uenverea j. ;u. U.. or
?'ie.Kea ? either lost, stolen or mis
a . ."hich tbe company has
jrr II 1 III !. a..
fJ
K very body ba feu.
CiiscaretS Candv Cathartic. t
derlul lmxlical discoverv of tlie age, piepl
ant and refreshing to the taste, ant centlv
and positively on kidneys, liver and bowels,
cleansing the entire system, dlsel colds,
cure headaebe, fever, habitual constipation
and biliousness. Please buy and try a box
of C C. C. to-day; 10, 23, 50 cents. Bold and
guaranteed to cure by all druggists.
WORTHY OF All PRAISE
IS THEPE0PUS PARTY FOR ITS AC
TION AND GALLANT FIGHT FOR
PRINCIPLES AND REFORM.
Mo Spaaka Uaa. John Lajnb. of Virginia.
In a Kaccnt Addraaa-Kefrth t arelialaaa
Who Uava Ha a Aptolatd to OlHea
Tha JadgaDhlp Oaaatlon CaaatlUd.
Special to Tux Caicjsias.J
Washinotok. D. C. Jan. 25.
Hon. John Lmb, member of the
House, from the Richmond, Va., dis
trict, is a Democrat of the true Jef
ereonian type, and believes that
the doctrines and principles of the
Peoples Party embody, in their es
sence, tbe true and fundamental
principles of Jefferson. C'apt. Lamb
recently addressed the Virginia Dem
ocratic Association of this city, and
he advocated boldly, and earnestly
the reforms for which the Peoples
Party is contending. With the Pop
ulists, he believes that "money is
tho creature of law'' and no other
power save the government should
make money. In the course of his
speech to the Association Capt.
jamb gave the Peoples Party due
meed of praise for being the first
party to champion the great and
basie principles of human liberty.
honest and just government. Speak
ing of the work the Peoples Party
has done he said:
'I am glad to assure you that
n tbe coming light you will be as
sisted by the Populist party in toto.
luese people ieserve all the credit
that the Democratic party can give
them. They will join with us in our
fforts, and for every two that we
ose from Tammany or any disaffec
tion of our own we will train four
from these men.
I never had any sympathy with the
spirit that would shut out and deny
to the Poiuhst party their equal
rights under auy just measure of
co-operation between that party and
our own. Their party assistance in
189G was worthy of all praise. It is
fact that they were the first to
blaze the way for the reforms that
culminated in the declaration of the
Chicago platform, and they will be a
powerful factor in re-affirming those
principles in 1900 and electing to the
chief magistracy of this country the
gallant and worthy leader who came
so near to victory in 189G."
In the above sentiments Captain
amb shows great magnanimity,
ike Bryan, he believes that the
opulist party will be a great factor
in the coming 'irrepressible conflict.'
There has been many North Caroli
nians in the city during the past
week.
Claude M. Bernard has received
the appointment of District Attor
ney for the Eastern North Carolina
District to succeed Chas. B. Aycock,
whose term has expired. E. C. Dun
can, recently appointed Collector for
the Eastern District, has been heri
to file his bond before entering upon
the duties of hls Office. '
The Judgeship is a question that is
agitating many Republicans since
Judge Dick has tendered his resigna
tion. Judge Douglas and Col. Lusk
have been here presenting their
claims for the place. Col. James E.
Boyd, Asst. Attorney General i? al
so in the race, iso idea can be giv
en as the ultimate outcome of the
contest, or when the appointment
will be made.
The Teller Kesolution.
The silver men scored a complete
victory in the Senate last Thursday
and proved that when it came to
egislating between gold and silver
that the silver men were in complete
control of that body. By their ac
tion they gave notice to the adminis
tration that any attempt to get the
Gage bill or any other measure
looking to "more thoroughly estab
lishing the gold standard" through
this Congress would be simply a
waste of time and trouble.
The test was taken on the motion
of Senator Vest to make the Teller
resolution the unfinished business of
the Senate, and the vote resulted in
a victory for the silver men by 41
to 2o. The resolution provides that
bonds of the United States may be
paid in standard silver dollars.
The gold men concurred a scheme
by which the Teller resolution could
be kept in the background. During
the business of the morning hour
Mr. Lodge stood at his desk .waiting
patiently for the first lull in the pro
n a .
ceeamgs to move an executive ses
sion. Shortly before two o'clock he
secured the attention of the presid
ing officer and made his motion, im
mediately Senator Vest protested.
He had given notice the day before
that he would call up this resolu-
4 ajl 1 rm . a
lion at tne ciose ot the morning
hour and he hoped the motion would
be defeated. The trick was so apparent
that the motion of Mr. Lodge was de
feated by a majority of twelve. In
addtiionto the Populist, silver Repub
lican and Democratic vote some Re
publican Senators heretofore allied
with the administration voted
against the Lodge motion in order
that the silver resolution might come
up as unfinished business. . These
Republicans were: Clark and War
ren, Wyoming; Perkins, California;
Sharp, Idaho; Woolcott, Colorado.
Senator Pritchard voted with the
gold men for'' the Lodge motion in
order to keep the silver resolution
from coming up. . i .
This action of the Senate places
the silver question to the fore. It
now takes precedence over any other
business, and at the .desire of silver
senators can even push;the Hawaii
an question ont of the way.
The.benate passed tbe bill lto re
strict immigration.: The bill pro
vides lor an educational test.
The nominations of W. H. Chad
bourn to be postmaster a Wil mine-
ton and of Tyre Glenn to be post
master at Greensboro have been
Confirmed by the Senate.
A bold attempt was made one day
last week to rob a bank in Portland,
uregon. while the cashier was about
to put tbe money in tbe vault
at tbe close of business, a masked man
entered and demanded a roll of bills.
The cashier quickly covered the would-
be robber with a revolver, who at once
turned and ned, making &000 his es
cape. '
o-To Bae for fifty Cents.
Guaranteed tobacco lnbit cure, makes weal
aieaauoiuc, uooa puroi 50c. si- Ailf-azzibts-
I PUBLIC OWNERSHIP ts. PRIfATE OVfflERSHIP OF DJMCIPAl
FRANCHISES.
Hf Jaaaa B. Lloyd. -
If the great and wise men who
framed the Constitution of the United
States baa lived in this progressive
age of electricity, steam railway,
telephones, telegraphs, etc., or had
they dreamed of the discovery, in
vention ard utilization of these
great instr.. uents of commerce, for
the advancement of civilization,
doubtless they would have added
clause providing for their control
and ownership by tbe government
for tbe benefit of the whole people.
The dangerous power, now wielded
by private corporations owning these
instruments -of commerce, has long
since been demonstrated. Numerous
examples of the abuses and oppres
sions could be cited, but one will
suffice, however. During the cam
paign of 189G many of the great rail
road systems of the country were
most active and aggressive; in
many instances they coerced their
employes into voting for the interests
of the railroads, regardless cf the
inclination, interests or wishes of
the employes.
Such conduct as this attempting
to abridge and destroy our individ
ual liberty is absolutely repugnant
to the spirit and genius of our gov
ernment. The Constitution guarantees to
every man certain "inalienable
rights among these are life, liberty
and the pursuit of happiness." But
the power exerted by the railroads,
and large corporations, oftentimes
contravenes the Constitution, for
men in their employ will yield obe
dience to their commands or threats
rather than lose theirpositions.
We have, to-day, a serious aud
alaiming condition of affairs, for
nearly every profitable branch of in
dustry is dominated and controlled by
a trust or corporation; and if the
people do not awake to a full reali
zation of .the dangers of corporate
control of the great instruments of
commerce and alter valuable ad
juncts and essentials to the .advance
ment of civilization they may yet
witness a subversion of their liber
ties. The great and dangerous tenden
cy of the age is toward concentra
tion and consolidation which
means that the greatmass of individ
uals must lose their rights and
privileges in other words, they are
swallowed up by corporate power.
The public should sacredly re
serve for its own function the opera
tion and control of all natural mo
nopolies; and it should likewise ex
ercise rigid supervision over all cor
porations that are of a quasi-public
character.
Number of instances of the abases
of natural monopolies in the hands
of private corporations could be
cited, but one illustration here will
serve our present purposes. L9t us.
therefore compare the contract re
cently made by the board of com
missioners of the town of Tarboro,
with a private corporation to furnish
water for the town, with the oper
ation of the water-works of the town
of Wilson undr municipal owner
ship.
The following questions were di
rected to the city elerk of Wilson.
and, withLhis reply, are here given:
1. Does the city of Wilson own
and operate its electric light, sewer
age and water-works systems?
Ans. xes.
2. If bonds were issued to erect
them please state length of time for
final payment of bonds, rate of in
terest and amount paid each year?
Ans. Amount ot bonds issued for
water and lights, $75,000. Sewerage,
$17,000. Water and light bonds 20
years at 5 per cent. Sewerage 20
years, 6 per cent.
3. Are the systems complete in de
tail, and does their operation give
satisfaction to the people?
. Ans. Yes.
It will be seen from the above
questions and answers that, under
municipal ownership and operation
of these systems they give entire
satisfaction; furthermore when the
bonds that were issued to erect them
are finally paid, the city will own
them.
The contract made by the town of
Tarboro, with a private corporation
to furnish only a complete system
of water-works provides for the
payment, by the town, of ($2,000)
two thousand dollars for the first
year and two thousand two hundred
dollars ($2,200) for 29 years there
after for the use of water, and the
corporation has the further valua
ble privilege of furnishing water to
private parties, at a rental to be
fixed by said corporation, and all
tbe revenue accruing therefrom goes
into it coffers. The town does not
even exercise the authority of super
vision to prevent the corporation
from charging unjust and exorbi
tant rates.
The corporation, so I am reliably
informed, borrowed money on the
strengthTof the valuable contract it
had made with the town, and the
town guaranteed the payment of
the! bonds of the corporation; that
is, when the payments are due each
year by the town they are made to
the financial institution from which
the "Tarboro water-works company"
borrowed the money to erect the
water-works.
But the town, furthermore, grant
ed the privilege of supplying
water to residents, and this alone
will bring is a handsome revenue.
The town has the option, at the
expiration of 10 and 20 years to buy
the plant at a figure to be agreed
upon by the Company and the town
authorities, after competent hydraul
ic engineers have investigated thor-
oughly and assessed or estimated
the value.
The company, of course, would not
agree to sell their plant and fran -
chise unless they received a fair
price, based on the annual rentals
they receive for supplying water.
For example, say the Company re- sions and oppressions of private eor
ceived $3,000 a year as revenue they porations is for tTery town and city
would not sell their plant for less
than $50,000, for the $3,000 rental or
income is six per cent interest on
$50,000. It could be safely said,
however, that their value would b
much more than $3,000 a year. If
the town did not take advantage of
iU option to purebaae the plant, then
at the expiration of tbe term of its
contract to take water from Lhe com
pany the town would have paid only
for publie uses of water to said com
pany the mm of $6o,S00, and still
would not own its plant.
The town of Wilson showed great
wisdom and foresight in taking steps
to own and operate its water, light
and sewerage systems, and at the ex
piration of twenty years it will own
them entirely, whereas, the tow a of
Tarboro will, after tbe lapse of thir
ty yearr, be without a water system,
and will have also paid to a private
corporation $Go,800 for supplying the
town with water. .
. Wilson's complete water, light, and
sewerage system will eost $92 000
and after the expiration of twenty
years the town will own then. Tar
boro would have to pay to a private
company far more than the original
coat of its water plant, and still would
not own it.
The proper course for the Tarboro
Commissioners to have pursued at
the outset, would have been for the
town to built its own system, and
operate it for the benefit of the pub
lic. Corporations operating these
public monopolies do so for their
own private gain. It is a grave
mistake to allow private corporations
to exercise such public functons.
They are too prone to take advan
tage of their power and opportunity
to oppress the people.
Corruption often creeps in when
private corporations own these fran
chises. They often actually enter
politics, nominate their candidates,
elect them and thereby , control the
affairs of cities and towns.
This should not be so, aud the peo
ple have the remedy in their own
hands if they would but apply it.
The city of Glasgow, Scotland, is
considered one of the best governed
cities of the world. It owns and op
perates its gas, light, water and rail
way systems, and tho people get the
benefit of a fair and reasonable rate.
For instance, James B9II, in the
Twentieth Century says: "The Glas
gow corporation has long been in
the field as a manufacturer of gas.
In 1869 it took possession of the gas
plant, which were owned by two pri
vate companies, and commenced the
sale and .production of gas. The
city furnishes 22 candle power gas at
the rate of GO cents per 1000 cubic
feet. The street railway at Glasgow,
up to January 30, 1894, were opera
ted by a private company.
Six years ago the council endeav
ored to impose certain conditions on
this company, such as regulating
tbe fare and limiting the hour3 of
wo'.k for the employes. The compa
ny refused to make any concessions,
and as a result of the unwillingness
to act in a fair and generous manner
toward the public and laboring lass
es the council decided not to renew
their charter, but to take possession
of the street railway property itself
and operate it. It put on three hun
dred new cars, three thousand horses
and seventeen hundred men. The
city introduced a one cent fare, hith
erto unknown, and made four cents
the maximum. The experiment of
operating the street railways has
proved a success. The city has
made money and at tbe same time
improved the plant and reduced the
fares. It now carries G00,000 a week
for one cent; 300,000 for two cent
fares; 95,000 for three cent fares and
20,000 for four cent fares.
The next step will be to abolish all
fares above two cents.' '
If the city of Glasgow can operate
its public utilities with so much suc
cess and satisfaction, then all other
cities can do likewise.
The "Outlook" for November, in
a leading article, treats at some
length, of the action of the aldermen
of Philadelphia in allowing a private
corporation to lease and operate the
city's gas plant. It says that in
spite of the indignant protests of the
people the aldermen granted the
lease to the private monopoly, and
the city is to be heavily taxed for the
use of gas.
In speaking of the action of tho
city council, the "Outlook'' says
"So shameless was their haste to
carry out the company's wishes that
even the Ledger, which favored the
lease, was forced to admit that the
councils were "creating and foster
ing the suspicion in the public mind
that a majority of its members can
be influenced by motives which will
not admit of convincing explanation,
and which cannot be effectively de
fended. ' The Democratic platform
had condemned the lease, yet in one
council a Democratic machine poli
tician was the leader of the council-
men who voted for the ordinence.
Allegiance to party counted as little
as allegiance to constituents. When
the Tote came in the common coun
cil, it was 78 to 52 in favor of the
lease, and when it came in the "Se-
lect" Council, it was 25 to 13. The
Mayor, as was anticipated by the re
formers, signed the lease, pleading
the unwillingness of the councils to
improve the city's plant as a reason
for aiding the conncus in handing
the plant oyer to the private com
pany to which they were so inexplic
ably friendly. He further declared
that he would not sign the lease were
it not for the provision that at the
end of ten Tears tu4 eitv micht can
cel it. This prov-rfiOn at hrst seemed
practically worthless, since a city
government weak enough to . surren
der possession of the works would
not be likely m ten years to become
strong enough to . expel the great
private corporation from possession.
Nevertheless. the events of the last
few weeks have produced a profound
publie conviction that the prime
source of municipal corruption is the
possession of public franchises by
1 private corporations, and in ten years
this conviction may be too strong for
I public officials to resist,"
The only remedy for the aggres
to own and operate its gas, light
railway and water systems, in f aet it
1 should not llow private individuals
I to control aatural monopolies.
01H3CRATSD0H0T RtUSM IT.
Calf a4 Caalaalaa.
ara F 4 ftaaa ara
.-Bat tWaaa4ta Maallaa .
Waatia BaaJal it aaf.
The Dari of Cou&tr Cotamiaaioa
. m j-vl . ....
01 tatuiim fOBBTjr, lin 11 not
temoeraUe. has vd tb roaatr
noaily tt.000 dorine tbe firtt y.r of
11a ac ministration. Mat tais .it
dees not p!a the Chatham Ke nd
and it tries to jazrle figarra to sarh a
way as to show that uader a Demo
cratic ifoard tb county 'imbmi
ere leas than under tn Drawni
Board. Bat t show this it bad to
?o back aoaoe six or van years,
he Chatham Citizn, Popuhat, con
meats as followi:
"The Democrats do not rU.h th
fact that the expenditures in Chat.
ham county were nineteen hand red
and twenty-seven dollars less latt
year than the year before. Just
what to do about it thev did not know
at first. Finally the Chatham Record,
which has rained some sotoriitv
of late in manipulaticg figures cf
the annual statements, volunteers its
service to try to "eiolain it
the scriptures." This paper goes
away back some six or seven rt-ara.
taking three or four years when
Chatham had norord force aud gets
up an average which is It as than the
expense of last year
imagine tbe chagrin of a good.
honest Democrat trying to satisfy
himself from such a course of reas
oning that the expenditures of 1S97
were not less than the expenditure
for 1S9G!
If hia figures do prove that tbe av
erage expenditures for seven years
previous to lb97. were 1.500 lesa
than they were in 1S97 do not the
same figures prove that for six years
previous 10 lsjo the average ex
penditures were over $2J00 less than
they were in 189G! " ihen how do
the expenditures of 1VJ7 compare
with 1C9G as to tbe previous aver
age?
The fact remains that the expend
itures cf 1S97, as published:! in the
annual statement, were nineteen
HUNDRRD AND TWENTT-sVEX DOL
LARS Jess than the expenditures of
189G.
The expenditures for 1S9G were
made under the last Board of Dem
ocratic commissioners and they run
the county in debt some. $2,500 the
same year.
xhe Kecord figures show that ex
penses have gone up from a little
over $8,000 to $11,000 and the pres
ent Board has stopped the increase
and turned back actually U-?than
tne preceeding yi ar.
RAFFLING ISiGAMBLING.
The Grand Jury Bava Iaaued Sahuoanaa
for aNambar of Cltlzna for Indogllng
la Raffling ConteaU.
Durham, N. C, Jan. 21. The cit
izens of Durham are greatly stirred
up. Solicitor Bynum is raking the
town for evidence against citizens
for gambling. Yesterday tnornine
when court opened the judire had
the grand jury brought before him
and charged again. Ue said it had
come to his ears thst gambling was
being very extensively practiced in
and around Durhim, and informed
the grand jury that it was their duty
to iook into such matters. Tbe
grand jury took his honor at his
word, and have had about 40 sub
poenas issued, usder which about 20
people have been arrested and given
bond in the sum of $j0 each. Natur
ally the Solicitor is being severely
criticised for the active part taken
in the matter, not but that the citi
zens want to see justice done, but
they seem to be of the opinion that
the greater crimes should be pushed
with as much vigor as the lesser
ones, 11 not more, lhe warrants in
the hands of the sheriff will reach in
Person, Chatham, Orange and Dur
ham counties. The gambling which
the defendants are charged with is
taking chances in rafllag contests
It is rumored here that before the
grand jury complete their work they
win have presented bills of indict
ment against the military company.
the church, the Durham band, and
various benevolent institutions for
engaging in the same kind of busi
ness, RESOLUTIONS BERTIE FARMERS AL
LIANCE. Thar Condama the Party Praaa aaj Kalf?
road Organs for B fusing to Publlah the
Large Kombir of AlHdaTlts Branding
the Gold bag Lie Started A boat Sana-
tor Batlar's Spsecb at Rocky Meant.
Whereas the partisan press of
the State have, as we are fully pur-
a - a
suaoeu, mislead tneir readers in re
gard to tbe speech of Senator But-
er at itocky Mount by refusing to
publish the counter certificates, there
ore be it
Rksolyed, That being fully pur-
suaded from the certificates of W.
TV, 1 W - T
a. r ouiain, j. a. uioja and more
than than thirty others, that the
charges are false and that believing
this, we fully endorse the said speech
and tbat this resolution be published
n THE I-aucasiax. Progressive
Farmer and Patron and Qleaner and
1 a
otner inenoiy papers. Also a copy
be sent Senator Uutler.
A. J. Cobb, Sec'y
A. W. Sxell, Pres.
A l!er Dollar That Is Veined at Sti.oOO.
Albany X. Y. Dispatch.
A silver dollar of the issae of ISO!
is owned by J as. Ten Egyck. of this
city, a past grandmaster of Masons
He purchased it in New .York City
in 1888 for $100, and secured with it
the necessary papers to secure its
authenticity. Some .time airo here-
fused $3,000 for the coin. A dollar
of this issue has been stated to be
worth over $6,000. Mr. Ten Eyek
4 1 a a. a a .a
says tne statement mat mere are
only fonr of these coins in existence
and that one of them is not aeeount
ed for is erroneous, for there is a re
liable record of the existence of
seven of them. He says the British
Museum is not the owner of one. as
stated. Mr. Ten yck has one of
the best collections of rare coins in
the country.
Ayer's Hair Vigor is certainly a
remarkable preparation,- and noth
ing like it has ever been produced.
mo matter now wiry and unmanage
able the hair may be, under the in flu
enee of this incomparable dressing.
it becomes sort- silky and pliable to
the comb and brush.
CIVl IP RIS
tr M.aa Ttr Ataaa.
H 4.Ja.31-TtfauMte
ra rr(4-i Ike aaret.eeral
wsn Mta rarra. wtta it farra .
roaaaaa. t JettU C4a. Afa.
tlfte Urtti4 Jim ifava 11...
JOj. ei-.aa iaaaCa, Ktrs.
iao l.o. aa.4 Vxlat.aa ;aaa aink
ai t ir orafa-ra 4 ) pciratea- well
"uf"0 at I iHuri.'.a la tfc Mraal.k
srrl. Acairre aJ Waa.
;rMa, ti.tm tf sta Clara Irrj
mrr.
Tte iburr bl are aaia la kaa fo.
ri is ime. a. 1. 4 4rlirr4 ap tter arm
arrtrdliigto lb or4itac. atiaa
l-oar lit tmi" Ib lit it..
(.Mba.an4-l.QrJC ne aatoaoaat."
Ora. Juta Mtaao larra la a W
Of ,Vbtr UtrUtloea. Uaaaa .-.. I
tt tbe Cubn republic.
rerta are ai4 to bate Iwt III aille4
and 21 taaen prtsoiicra, villi 21) Km
logjoo riflea. la a4IiiM i tbeee
urreudrreU with ; Jm u ...
o I'arra, arroraiag t tbe !paauh au
thoriliea. Eflv.aix othe ai
tar arrmJered. naanr tKm t.
I.ieutenaat Culooela and itr. .t,
officer. Tbe naniah trotn. an ih.
olbtr band, are aaid to bate lot IJ
killrd and wounded.
IMSURGiNT'S CAPITAL TAKIM.
Uavaraanaat Official t acaaw -luan.al
farraaftcattara. With a lawal flftf.
Ktlla-Calltt tiarrla
aaarl la Habtaa ta Maa rlla.
Cablegrams from Cuba are to the
effect that U-o. Ca.ul.ano has Uken
poaaewion of the vil,t; of Kfperaa
ix, in the Sierra de Cubttaa. kn
insurgent covert went hkd its
beadaarters.
During the stubborn remittance
made by tbe iniargen's their govern
ment tfiicials escaped.
'lhe next day, continuing his m
pfrations. the tame general defeated
b:dy cf J.rKM) insurgents, mho were
coming to tbe aid of the government,
scattering tbem tn a 1 directions, and
killing 69.'
Humors are also circulated to the
effect that iieneral Calnto liarna.
the famous insurgent leader, was
killed in a recent eocate-ment with
.Lo Spanikh troops.
According to tbe information from
Spanish tources. General Castellano,
being aware that tbe insurgent gov
ernment was established at Kiperan
za, in uauuings constructed by tbe
insurgents, seventeen leagues from
Puetto Principe, at the extreme west
end of the Cubitas Uidge, proceeded
in tbat direction, with 2.20O infan
try, 400 cavalry, and two field guns.
Alter tbree days' tryioir march, he
forced a difficult position on the 4th
day, .and overcame the obstinate re
sistance of 1,000 insurgents, pursu
ing them more than six miles, and
destroying aud burning tbe houses at
biperanza, including the insurgent
government buildings.
CAITCRE OI" IM'KriaNZi.
Oj the followiog day General Cas
tellano engaged the reunited insur
gents, 2 GOO strong, near the Inner-
no woods, six miles from Ksperanza.
He routed them, after two hours com
bat. The insurgent Ion is believed
to be numerous, but Awing to the
density of the wood, it is difficult.
according to tbe Spanish account, to
ascertain the full extent of the de
feat. Tbe insurgents left 57 dead on
the field. The Spanish lost five killed,
and had 31 wounded, among tbe lat
ter being lieutenant-Colonel Perez
Monte.
The insurgents, under leader Man-
teagudo, enraged by the reports of
tbe surrender of Insurgent-General
Juan Masso Parra. attaeked the
town of E speranza, province of San
ta Clara, undercover of darkness
they reached the houses in the Jtoa
ario Ward, but the garrson repelled
ike attack, and followed tbe fleeing
insurgents outside tbe town. Tbe lat
ter left nine dead. .
A private dispatch from Spamab
sources says tne auacatng insur
gents bad thirty wont del, and the
garrison's loss was insignificant.
CHATHAM COUNTY ALLIANCE
Paei Reaolulloas Eoderalag Oee. Baaaall's
Actio 1 la Koasevlag the Vfltaoaa frees
Uitlee.
The County Alliance met here
last Thursday. There were twenty
one tub-Alliances represented by re
ports seventeen by delegates. Much
interest was manifested in tbe shoe
factory and everything that could
be said giving any information
about it was listened to with the
most eager attention.
Ureal was the disappointment that
no sample shoes were here on exhi
bition. Following the instructions of the
executive committtee tbat a county
business agent be elected and as
early call meeting be held, Bro.
J. J. Jenkins was elected county
Basiness Aeent and Tnursday, Feb
ruary the 10:h named as tbe date ot
tbe call meeting. Since tbe last
eounty meeting, two sub Alliances
have been reorganized 1 aUrs and
Centre number 401. several bad
revival 01 interest, aming them we
wjuld mention Rsa Allianee whose
membership has doubled.
The followiog resolution was unan
imously adopt! by a rising vote:
KisoLvii, That we, the Chatham
County Farmers' Alliane do, heart
ily eodors j tbe course of Ojveritor
Russell in removing tbe Wilsons
from tbe cfliise of Railroad Commis
sioners and that we""are determined
to stand by him as long as he stands
for the rights of the people and
against corporations and combines.
Resolved, That these resolutions
be published in Chatham Citizen.
Caucasian and Progressive Farmer.
Are Tee. Oela West?
Tbe Iron Moan tain and Texas Pa
cific Kj'a from Memphis ran .elegant
reclining cnair cars, aiso oay coaches
through to prominent Arkansas and
Texas points without change.
11 y oa expect to make a trip to aay
ot tbe Western State it will be to
your interest to drop me a line.
For map, nook and pamphlets oa
Arkansas and Texas address.
L. . ASH La VD KB.
Traveling rasssenger Agent, 103 Read
House, Chattanooga, Tenn.
EJanUTmir ItreU WHh Caararvta,
Candy CatbartK. cure eooatipetio forew
smb.zo uuu i;.i.uaragxiste refund 1
TIRED OF DE- -FEIIDIIIG
TRUSTS.
Got. Pisgro, cf Uicfelfia Saji
ttt Ktpatiieia Fatly ku
Bn& IM Astrar-Is
THE PARTY OF H0X0FOLIES.
aetata. VMataha 4efcWee e4 pa
iNSseJ Aa a4 S SSaa VaAa
Sail taw pet.e
UraaSa a SMf-t'li Si a. a
Miaal Si la -Ix.law laaaaaaaa.
Torg e a PiaaSeanS SS
BrrraLA.N. Y- Jaa. 11-Uet.ra.
ot lUasa 8. Tiacr. ef MteWae.
as tae rat at of e at the Jaaa
sry d.aaer ( the !a4leat Oak
at the Elhcwtt faar CUW kernae
thisevesiar. asd delivered aa ad-
dreA oa "What Ceaatitatee I'
Lvalty ia the ere ef which he
la a is add reas tix the fieXJ of
Oettjabarg. Abrahasa Ltaeol td.
That we her aigkly resolve that
thee dead shall srt have ded ta
vaie; that tbe a at i seder Ood have
new birth of fredea, a4 that
Covtrasseat ot the people, by the
people, asd for the peotde shall aet
perish from the earth.' If the atty
haa been Ud away frosa tfcee trta
iplee.it istbedaty of the who
words may is floeae to lead a bark
to tb a ago a charter of se.f -gvera
meat.
"It is the misfortune of great pat
ties, when losg in ovtr, that ta
them (Ink all tboa who desire 1
enrich themselves by lenlattoa
wbi'h this party caa give theas.
To the Republican party there
have Hocked daring Ike past few
years masy t irdsof ill-omea, aade
sirable tenants, who are makiag ta
house a foul that they are driving
out tbe rightful owners. Thee aa
deairabl acqaiaitioas tb taaseea tf
Ue party would only btoo clad t
get hd of for tb parti's rood. I
make in my mitd so different be
tween the integrity of the com men
people in oa party or another. It
is party leadership which is most al
ways in fault when things go wrotg.
"If the leaders are of the type of
Mr. Lincoln, we have governuat
for th peopl. If they ar of other
types which I might nentlon. we
hare government for bondholders
and plunder.
AriMXo n.acE roa movoi-olieji.
"In late years tbe itflaeae of
wealth in dictating legialativ meas
ures and government policies ar
becoming mors and more appsrent.
Mr. Cleveland disrupted bis party ia
doing th biddings of a money syn
dicate, which made enorinoas profits
out of a scandalous bond deal. To
day all tb trusts, all th monopolies,
have taken refuge under the wing of
the Republican party because they
fc.vr tbe Democratic party, which
has kicked them out.
"I a my own ritat railroads hav
been a faithful ally to the Republi
can party. They put up the mosey
which helps elect their kind of peo
ple to the Legislature and ia return
expect favorable measures aod ei
emption from paying their shsre of
taxes.
Toe monopolist, tbe fraaehlse-
grabber, tb lobbyist, th political
apostles of boodle are all extreme
partisans. When they elect them
selves to office by msia fores of
money they ascribe it to divine inter
vention of Providence ia behalf of
tbe nation and its honor.
"A party whieh does not rid itself
of men who make themselves prom
inent in it with the sole parpo of
exploiting the people aod perpetual
ing tbe reign of tbe dollar will loss
its in fi sense with the msases. and.
ltk a church which accepts a rob
ber's tithe from wealthy and Isra
el tial pew-holders who wish l ase
their eon science, it will sooa be all
such and none others.
I have at times seriouely thought
thattbs enactment ot a law fordid
ding any church or institution to ac
cept bequests or rifts from mso of
great wealth, asd making them keep
tui they have, would tend to make
them lea greedy.
TIRED Or DE rbIXO TECaT. '
"Many of ns lifelong !pub!iraos
who do sot train with tb :oey
power are heartily sick of belt.;
obliged to condone and defend the
trusts. A eampeiga of education
has lately been started, which pro
poses to teach the people that trusts
are benevolent institutions, asd
der Providence will maksns all hap
py. Patent iosides and plat mat
ter ar now ahippod to coon try news
papers, for printing which tbey ar
paid, abowiag how trusts cbapis
Utters.
"You perhaps remember bow. be
fore the war, many of tbe elerry ar
gued for human slavery as a divine
tnatitntion. Tneqafstion is to-day.
'Do half fares on railroads and cob-
tribntions itflieoee the elerry to
deal gently with great wrongs r
'The power of money ia this eoaa-
try retains newspaper; it elects
men to tbe o-nste and to tbe Hons;
it manipulates national aod H'at
eon sations.
'Inoee of as who belicv ia gov
ernment for the people should not
hesitate 'to deooune men of osr
party who would make ours only a
government for the benefit of tb
almighty dollar aad the possessors
thereof.
-Dtagler Wecaa."
Tbe Boston Post.
In Congressman Diogiey's own
town is tbe great And rot corgi a mill
corporation, whose operatives are
now striking araiast a out-down of
wages. The situation is no worse ia
Lewuton than in a rood many other
places; it is not so bad as ia some
others. Bat bow is Mr. Dingier to
explain to his eoustitusuts the fail-
are of ais tans to bring these pros
perity and iaereaee their ears in gal
Is ho willing to aeeept a ten per
cent, eutdown us tho measure of
"Dingier wacosT
President Dole, of Hawaii, arrived la
Sao Francises mat veek sad in teads
I Journeying to TTaabiagtoa. lie will
1 do mot vim Bilitary Clapisy.