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CAUCASIAN. K 4 NO. 40. VOL. XXI. RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 10. 1903. THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. States, an "Inestimable herlta.se, I treaty with Calna. which took place at whether It proceeds from birth within j Shanghai on the 8th of October. In a the country or ia obtained by natural!- cause for satisfaction. This act, the Mr. Roosevelt Makes His Annual Recommen dations to Congress, THE COUNTRY IS PROSPEROUS. Suggestions Touching Upon Our public Policy The Departments Thi Isthmian Canal and Treaty WUh Panama Other flatters. Introduction. To the Senate and House of Represen tatives: Tin: country la to bo congratulated n tlif amount of substantial achieve ment whkh ha3 marked the past year b Ah as rgarda our foreign and as re gard:! our domestic policy. Corporations. j With a nation as with a man the ) most important things are those of the lnms' hold, ami therefore the country j is sp daily to be congratulated on what Ins b'f n accomplished In the li- ; rectiui vi providing for the exercise ol j v i rvision over the great corporations and combinations of corporations eu K,U'"d lu interstate commerce. The ( Mwrers bus created the Department of Commerce and Labor, Including the !uruu of Corporations, with for the lirst time authority to secure proper publicity of such proceedings of these Knnt corporations aa the publ'i? Ins lw right to know. It ha piovided for th expediting of suits for the enforce ment of tho Federal anti-trust law; and by another law it has secured equal treatment to all producers In the trans portation of their goods, thus taking a long stride forward in making effective the work of the Interstate Commerce Commission. Department of Commerce ant! Labor. The establishment of the Department nf Commerce and Kibcr, with ihe V.ureau of Corporations thereunder, marks a real advance In tho direction of doing all that is possible for the so lution of the questions vitally affecting capitalists and wage-workers. The act creating the Department was approved on February 11. 1003. and two clays later the head of the Department was nominated and confirmed by the Sen ate. Since then the work of organiza tion has been pushed as rapidly as the Initial appropriations permitted, ami villi due regard to thoroughness and 1 1 1 r broad purposes which the Depart ment is designed to serve. After the transfer of the various bureaus and branches to the Department at the be ginning of the current fiscal year, as provided for in the act, the personnel comprised 1.280 employees in Washing ton and 8,836 in the country at large. The scope of the Department's duty and authority embraces the commercial and industrial interests of the Nation. It Is not designed to restrict or control the fullest liberty of legitimate busi ness action, but to secure exact and au- ganlzed labor alike; asking save that the interest of each shall be I brought Into harmony with the interest of the general public, and that the con duct of each shall conform to the fun damental rules of obedience to law, of Individual freedom, and of justice and fair dealing towards all. Whenever either corporation, labor union or in dividual disregards the law or acts in a spirit of arbitrary and tyrannous inter ference with the rights of others, whether corporations or individuals, then where the Federal Government. ha3 jurisdiction, it will see to it that the misconduct is stopped, paying not the slightest heed to the position or power of the corporation, the union or the individual, but only to one vital fact that is, the question whether or not the conduct of the individual or aggregate of individuals is in accord ance with the law of the land. Eveiy man must be guaranteed his liberty and his right to do as ho likes with bis property or hi3 labor, so long a.3 he does not infringe the rights of other3. No man is above the law and no man is below it; nor do we ask any man's permission when we require him to obey it. Obedience to the law is de manded as a right; not asked as a fav or. We have cause as a nation to bo thankful for the steps that have been so successfully taken to put these prin ciples into effect. The progress has been by evolution, not by revolution. Nothing radical has been done; the ac- zation; and we poison the sources of i our national character ana strength at the fountain, if the privilege is claimed and exercised without right, and by means of fraud and corruption. Public Land Frauds. In my last annual Message, in ccn. nection with the subject of the due regulation of combinations of capital which are or may become injurious to j the public, I recommended a special ap nothlnr j propriation for the better enforcement of the antitrust law as it now stands. to be expended under the direction of the Attorney-General. Accordingly (by the legislative, executive, and ju- nr rf nf1- nrvii ronf 4rtlrm of ! rn definite! S3 1 llTf TOTutly partisan politics; the practice of ap- elded. dlcial appropriation act of February 25. 1903, 32 Stat., 854, 904), the Congress appropriated, for the purpose of en forcing the various Federal trust and interestate-commerce laws, the sum of five hundred thousand dollars, to be ex pended under the direction of the At- ryry oirnDriornl In Vi o omntnvmpflt r.f special counsel and agents in the De partment of Justice to conduct proceed ings and prosecutions under said laws in the courts of the United States. I now recommend, as a matter of the ut most importance and urgency, the ex tension of the purposes of this appro priation, so that it may be available, under tie direction of the Attorney General, and until used, for the due enforcement of the laws of the United States in general and especially of the civil and criminal laws relating to pub lic lands and the laws relating to postal crimes and offenses and the subject of naturalization. Recent investigations have shown a deplorable state of af fairs in these three matters of vital concern. By various irauas anu Dy ior gerles and perjuries, thousa ds of acres of the public domain, embracing lands of different character and ex tending through various sections of the country, have been dishonestly acquir ed. It is hardly necessary to urge the importance of recovering these dishon result of long discussion and negotia tion, places our commercial relations with the great Oriental Empire on a I more satisfactory footing than they have ever heretofore enjoyed- It pro S vid?s not only for the ordinary rights and privileges of diplomatic and con ; sular officers, but also for aa impor 1 tant extension of our commerce by in creased facility of access to Chinese ports, and for the relief of trade by the removal of some of the obstacles which have embarrassed It in the past I call your attention to the reduced cost in maintaining the consular ser vice for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1!)03. as shown in the annual report of the Auditor for the State and other Departments, as compared with the year previous. For the year under con sideration the excess of expenditures over receipts on amount of the con-si-lar service amounted to S26.125.12, as against $96,972.50 for the year end ing June 30. 1&C2. and S147.040.16 for the year ending June 30, 1901. This is the best showing in this respect for tho consular service for the past four teen years, and the reduction in the cost of the snrv has been made the expenditures tion were more than $2U,uuu greater than for the previous year. Rural Free Delivery. The rural free-delivery service has been steadily extended. The attention of the Congress is asked to the ques tion of the compensation of the letter carriers and clerks engaged in the pos tal service, especially on the new rural free-delivery routes. More routes have been installed since the first of July last than in any like period in the De partment. While a due regard to econ omy must be kept in mind In the es tablishment of new routes, yet me ex tension of the rural free-delivery sys- polating. when possible, ex-army offl cers or bonded superintendents to the vacancies that occur ia working w.L Attention Is inTited to the wide spread Illiteracy due to lack of public The question t sirapiy whether or not e -aii tave an iiva.a canal. "When the Congress directed should take the Panama, rvate unlet treaty with Coloxstta. the mc of ! HID STWE wm I schools in the Indian Territory. ! the condition, el eourse. rtffrrM sot Protect heed should be paid to the ! to tho Government which coctroUed need of education for the children in this Territory. Safety-Appliance Law. that route. 1 ut U the ruat it!; to which te rxml . -which tcr tha 9 m f Ntway a 9 9 1 the territory across j lay. not tJ the caa ttcsas QUa4 F Mvrpay I fleets. In the matter of the safetr-arrllance i moment the terr.tory ivre on u. map law much good has already been ac complished. The law should be rigor ously enforced. Pensions. No other class of our citizens de serves so well of the Nation as those to whom the Nation owes Its very be ing, the veterans of the civil war. Spe cial attention is asked to the excellent work of the Pension Bureau in expend ing and disposing of pension claims. During the fiscal year ending puly 1. 1903, the Bureau settled 251.9S2 claims. an average of 82a claims for eacnwor ing day of the year. The number of set- j the representatives cf the Hcpubllc of tlement since July 1, 1903. has been in Colcmb'a and of our Government was excess of last year's average, approach- ratified by tne Senate. This treaty was ing 1.000 claims for each working day. ( t.nterJ Lto at th urgent aol I citation ire to the Government 1 anl is believed that the work of t&e cf the pcop:e of Colombia and after a i'i solte of the fact that Bureau will be current at the '.lose of ( body of rts appointed by our Got s' for the year in ques- ' the present fiscal year. eminent 3pt lally to go into the ma t Stat Paragraph. A tpreiad froa Winttoti Sa'.rta sara: tufas iiot-cftwa. i lUliei ax. j im- ta'.ly "Btuoded lluttarj liatiro w Kcrtu rtliic on the rtxlcc tl otcn Ur I. u pli"4 la al It urrt n- dircd to Ut brother ta law. ivpciy She-nS Bron. ta tfc northeastern iV'un canal and lt t6t'- m utS sb la YlrHaia and Weal tf jchlng upon tae u& ,vA ,rlm. n admits that ho la railiy of cuttinx llaaun. and ihvn ukins him tn a tX7 to and i. kin In a Lara, two taue irora Ki-rnerll!e. He claims that h and !Iatrn crp dilnklcc. thouth the La i alayn t-ira ivj frteai up to the time ot the CUtttHfi. The purri ef thr- !a vm t aa thorize the Irci ler.t to make a treaty with the joer tn actual control of the Uthnuft vf Tanam. This parposa has been ful"!!ct!. A number of paragraphs ef tha cm sate are devoted to a review cf oa efforts to secure treaty rights for tht building of an U many matters touc ject are cited. Repudiation of Treaty by Colombia. Iat spring, under the act abova ferred to. a treaty concluded btwec tion has been both moderate and reso- est acquisitions, stolen from the pwpie lute. Therefore the work will stand. There shall be no backward step. Receipts and Expenditures. From all sources, exclusive of the postal service, the receipts of the Gov ernment for the last fiscal year aggre gated $500,390,674. The expenditures for the fiscal year being $54,297,667. Tho indications are that the surplus for the present fiscal year will be veiy small, if indeed there be any surplus. From July to November the receipts from customs were, approximately, nine million dollars less than the re ceipts from the same source for a cor responding portion of last year. Should this decrease continue at he same ratio throughout the fiscal year, the surplus would be reduced by, approximately, thirty million dollars. Should the rpvpniifi from customs suffer much further decrease during the fiscal year, tho surnlus would vanish. A large sur plus is certainly undesirable. Two years ago the war taxes were taken oil with the express intention ci equanz ins the government receipts and ex and of promptly and duly punishing the offenders. I speak In anotner part of this Message of the widespread crimes by which the sacred right cf citizenship is falsely asserted ana tnat "Inestimable heritage" perverted to base ends. By similar means that is, through frauds, forgeries, and per juries, and by shameless briDenes me laws relating to the proper conduct of the public service in general and to oie due administration of the rost-umce T)enartment have been notoriously vio lated, and many indictments have been found, and the consequent prosecutions am tn course of hearing or oa tne eve thereof. For the reasons thus indicated. and so that the Government may be prepared to enforce promptly and vatn the greatest effect the due penalties for such violations of law, ana to mid mav be furnished with suiheient: insru mpntniHifsj and competent legal assis tanpfl for fhft investigations and trials which will be necessary al many dif ferent noints of the country, 1 urge up on the Congress the necessity oi mdn- ing the government receipts ana ex- said appropriation available for pendltures, and though the first year usT for all such purposes, to thereafter still showed a surplus, it LinJr the direction of the kJ v. yv v jll v.- Attorney-General now seems likely that a substantial eoualitv of revenue and expenditure will be attained. Such being the case it i 3 of great moment both to exercise care and economy in appropriations, and to scan sharply any change in our fiscal revenue system which may re- Need For Treaties Making Bribery Ex traditable. hpen taken by the State Department looking to the making of hrthprv nn extraditable offense with tern must be continued, for reasons of j sound public policy. No governmental movement of recent years has resulted in greater immediate benent to tne people of the country districts. Rural Civil Service Extension. During the year ended June 30 last 25,566 persons were appointed through competitive examinations under the civil-service rules. This was 12.72 more than during the preceding year, and 40 per cent of those who passed the ex amination. This abnormal growth wa largely occasioned by the extension of classification to the rural free-delivery service and the appointment last year of over 9.000 rural carriers. A revision of the civil-service rules took effect on April 15 last, which has greatly im proved their operation. The completion of the reform of the civil service is rec ognized by good citizens everywhere as a matter of the highest public Import ance, and the success of the merit sys tem largely depends upon the effec tiveness of the rules and the macnin free delivery taken in connection with ery provided for their enforcement. A Le telephone, the bicycle, and the trol- very gratifying spirit of friendly co- ev accomplishes much towaru ies&eu- operauuu eiis m an ey, dti.u my i mat- r,f tho finvprnmpnt in the enforcement ing tne isoiauon uwiu ri;":.'" "v" ' f wh th inc it brighter and more attracuc auu umiuim uuoi.ou i v.. - n -.u-a Cvnncltinn I luici auu nun io vi - Louisiana Purchase Expo.lt on. Executlve orders of July 3. 1902; March I trust that the Congress will con- oc .aM ant, TnW 8 iom renuire that tinue to favor in all proper ways the ' .nt' ta nf -n' unclassified labor- Louisiana Purchase Exposition This eg both Jn the Departments at Wash Exposition commemorates the Louisi- .-A nd in the field service, shall ana purchase, which was the first great made wkh tn assistance of the steo in the expansion which made us a TT - - co niv aowof Commis- - .... i i r-i l k 1 1. a Lt a ji i it - continental nation. The expedition oi g5on under a Sygtem of registration to i-pwis anu vianv ucium tuunuv. . , ,0i9t va fitnpRci or anoiicanis followed thereon, and marked the be- appointment or employment. This giuuius ui luc yiu-trao m cVctpm is comDeutlve, ana is open iu and colonization which thrust our na tional boundaries to the Pacific. The acquisition of the Oregon country, in cluding the present States of Oregon and Washington, was a fact of im mense importance in our history; first giving us our place on the Pacific sea board, and making ready the way for our ascendency in the commerce of the ereatest of the oceans. The centennial of our establishment upon the western al! citizens of the United States quail fled in respect to age, physical ability. moral character, Industry, ana aaap tabiiity for manual labor; except that in case of veterans or tne civil war me element of age is omitted. Board of Charities. Thf report of the Board of Chari ties for the District of Columbia is cnhmittoii frr thp consideration of nscai revenue system wun-u ixij , pf duce our Income The need of strict foreign powers. The need of more ei auce oui iulviuv. " i0 rDQ?ps envpr ne this crime is ICVL1TO li vutv . I xiim AvnnnllfiirDa a PTYV economy 111 vjlu rr 0rt00 -inrl nrosecu- phasized by the fact .that we .can not " rrriDtion'in St. thentic Information which will aid the Executive in enforcing existing laws, and which will enable the Congress to enact additional legislation, if any should be found necessary, in order to prevent the few Trom obtaining privi leges nt the expense of diminished op portunities for the many. Bureau of Corporations. The preliminary work of the Bureau of Corporations in the Department has shown the wisdom or us creauuu. Publicity in corporate affairs will tend to do away with ignorance, and will afford facts upon which intelligent, ac. tion may be taken. Systematic, intel ligent investigation is already develop ing facts the knowledge of which is es sential to a right understanding of tho needs and duties of the business world. The corporation which is honestly and fairly organized, whose managers in the conduct of its business recognize their obligation to deal squarely with their stockholders, their competitors, on ho rmhiirv has nothing to fear from such supervision. The purpose of this Bureau is not to embarrass or assail legitimate business, but to aid in bringing about a better industrial con dition a condition under which there shall be obedience to law and recogni tion of public obligation by all corpora tions, great or small. The Department of Commerce and Labor wm De uui only the clearing house for information regarding the business transactions oi the Nation but the executive arm of the Government to aid in strengthen ing our domestic and foreign markets, In perfecting our transportation faci lities, in building up our merchant marine, in preventing the entrance of undesirable immigrants, in improving commercial and industrial conditions, and In bringing together on common ground those necessary partners in in dustrial progress capital and labor. Commerce between the nations is steadily growing in volume, and the tendency of the times is toward closer trade relations. Constant watchful ness is needed to secure to Americans the chance to participate to the best advantage in foreign trade; and we many confidently expect that the new Department will justify the expectation cf Us creators by the exercise of this watchfulness, as well as by the busl nrssiiVA administration of such laws relating to our internal affairs as are intrusted to its care. Capital and Labor. The consistent policy of the National Government, so far as it has the power Is to hold in check the unscrupulous man, whether employer or employee; but to refuse to weaken individual ini tiative or to hamper or cramp the in dustrial development of the country. We recognize that this is an era of fed eration and combination, In which great capitalistic corporations and la hnr unions havp. become factors of tre mendous Importance in all industrial I c?nters. Hearty recognition is given far-reaching, beneficent work whicn has been accomplished through both corporations and unions, and the line m between different corporations, as be tween unions, is drawn as it is between different - individuals; afford to be parsimonious in providing for what is essential to our national well-being. Careful economy wherever possible will alone prevent our income from falling below the point required in order to meet our genuine needs. Needs of Financial Situation. The integrity of our currency is be yond question, and under present con. ditions it would be unwise and unne cessary to attempt a reconstruction of our entire monetary system. The same liberty should be granted the Secretary of the Treasury to deposit customs re ceipts as is granted him in the deposit of receipts from other sources, in my Message of December 2, 1902, I called attention to certain needs of the finan Pini situation, and I again ask the con sideration of the Congress for these qucsitons. Merchant Marine. A majority of our people desire that steps be taken in the interest of American shipping, so that we may once more resums our former position in the ocean carrying trade. But hith erto the differences of opinion as to the proper methods of reaching this end have been so wide that it has proved impossible to secure the adoption of on v TA rt'icnlar scheme. Having in view these facts, I recommend that tha rr.nirrpsR direct the Secretary of the Navy, the Postmaster-General, and the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, as corintPd with such a representation frr. thp Spnate and House of Repre sentatives as the Congress in its wis dom may designate, to serve as a com mission for the purpose of investigat ing and reporting to the Congress at its next session what legislation is dear able or necessary for the development ,.f th American merchant marine and American commerce, and incidentally of a national ocean mail service o. adequate auxiliary naval cruisers and naval reserves. While such a measure is desirable in any event, it is especial ly desirable at this time, in view cf the fact that our present governmental nnntraft for ocean mail witn tne American Line will expire in 1905. Immigration. We can not have too much immigra tion of the right kind, and we should have none at all of the wrong kind. The need is to devise some system by which undesirable immigration shall be kept out entirely, while desiraole immigrants are properly distributed throughout the country. Naturalization Frauds. The special investigation of the sub iont of naturalization under the direc tion of the Attorney-General, and the consequent prosecutions, reveal a con dition of affairs cainng ior cue diate attention of the Congress. For geries and perjuries of shameless and flagrant character have been per petrated, not only in the dense centers of population, but throughout the country; and it is established beyond doubt that very many so-called citizens of the United States have no title whatever to that right, and are assert- and enjoying the oenents oi tne noRt hv the expedition of Lewis and Congress, it is a quaiujim, Clark is to be celebrated at Portland, The Army. nrptrnn. hv an exposition in the sum- ffprt nf the. laws providing a mer of 1905. and this event should re- neneral Staff for the Army and for the ceive recognition and support from mnrn pffPPtlve use of the National the National Government. Guard has been excellent. Great im- Forelan Possessions. nrovement has been made In the em It is urged that e do all we can to clency ot jour Army Id Jf": help Hawaii by constructing ngnt ii on sea nnn helnine to build nn the commercial Interests of the Islands Of our insular possessions the Philip pines and Porto P.ico it is gratifying to say that their steady progress has been such as to make it unnecessary to snpTin much time in discussing them. Vet the Consress should ever keep in mind that a peculiar obligation rests Snrh Rchools as those erected at Fort Leavenworth and Fort Riley ana tne institution of fall maneuver work ac complish satisfactory results. The good effect of these maneuvers upon the. Kational Guard is marked, and ample appropriation should be made to enable the guardsmen of the several Slates to share in the benefit. The Gov ernment should as soon as possible se i non lis to further in every way the cure suitable permanent camp mwa upon us to iurtner in evwj aj i. , nnvor.: in the various sec- 1UB llilllLO.1 J ujuuvu.v.u ... . communities. pitch of industrial prosperity and of p-nvprnmen tal efficiency to which they will in the end by degrees attain; and the caution and moderation shown in developing them have been among the main reasonswhy this development has hitherto gone on so smoothly. Scrupulous care has been taken in tne choice of governmental agents, and the entire elimination of partisan poli tics from the public service, ine eru dition of the islanders is in materal things far better than ever before, while their governmental, Intellectual, and moral advances has kept pace with si oxranp 'n one people Britain, Germany and Italy ?4ver benefitted another people f more e have benefifittea tne niyiuus lit arrangements, it wuum, - - Onard of , be impossible suddenly to raise Army, but to the Natlona I Guard or . .. . th RGVerai States. Will U SU Kicaw o course, Louis, Mo., and other cities and States have resulted in a number of givers and takers of bribes becoming fugi tives in foreign lands. Bribery has not been included in extradition treaties heretofore, as the necessity for it has not arisen. WThile there may have been oo much official corruption in former 1 ... ... I l a Ji years, there has been more aeveiuu we are oi tue e 17" I the rountry. The service there nnrt hroueht to light in tne immeuiate ninppmes snouiu ue kuil " j ' v to the Regular aV"g VU nrecpdinsr century of ; hv tariff arrangements. It would, of by rendered not only to the iteguiar I I ( 1 1 Ill-ill 111 l.XJL V u a w - " ' - I J our country's history. It should be tne policy of the United States to leave no ni,no r,n pnrth where a corrupt man 17 1CVV V- v ' , , . . x . fc? r in fleeing from tnis country wu - peace. There is no reason why bribery should not be included in all treaties as extraditable. Alaskan Boundary. The Alaskan boundry dispute has been one of long standing. The Presi dent congratulates the country on its amicable settlement, and incidentally remarks upon the great development of this valuable area of our possessions. The President calls attention at length to the settlement of claims ap-ainst Venezuela held by Great to repay many times over me m tively small expense. We should not rest satified with what has been done, however. The only people who are contented with a system of promotion by mere seniority are those who are icnraH with the triumph of me- .l'U H.lH-. ' -" - ttr of the rcutt-a across the mhniui had pron.iireed unanimously in favor cf the Panama route. In drawing up this treaty t cry concession was made to the iHople and to the Government of Colombia. We were more than Jut iu dealing v.ith them. Our generosity was such as to make it a serious ques tion whethi r we bad not gone too far in their intt rest at the e xpense f our own; for vi our crupuluus desire tc pay all visible heed, rot merely to the real but even to the fancied rights of our weaker neighbor, who alrealy owed so much to our protection and forbearance, we yielded in all possible wavs to her desires In drawing up tne treaty. Nevertheless the Government of Colombia not merely repudiated tne treaty, but repudiated it in Euch man ner as to make it evident by the time the Colombian Congress adjourned that not the scantiest hope remained of ever getting a satisfactory treaty from them. The Government of Colom bia made the treaty, and yet when the Colombian Concrcss was called to ratify it the vote against ratification was unanimous. It docs not appear that the Government mad any real effort to secure ratification. The control, in the interest of tha commerce and trauic of tho whole civilized world, of the mans of un disturbed transit across tho Isthmus of Panama has become of transcen dent importance to tho United States. We have repeatedly exercised tnis control by lnterve-ning In the course of domestic dissension, and by pro tecting the territory from foreign in vasion. In 1S33 Mr. Everett assured the Peruvian minister that we should not hesitate to maintain the neutrality of the Isthmus In the case of war between Peru and Colombia, In 1864 Colombia, which ha always been vigilant to avail itself of lt3 priv ileges conferred by the treaty, ex pressed Its expectation that in the event of war between Peru and Spain the United States would carry Into effect the guaranty of neutrality. There have been few administrations of the State Department in whch this treaty has not, either by the one side or tho other been used as a basis of more or less Important demands. It was said by Mr. Fish in 1871 that the Department of State had reason to believe that an attack upon Colom bian sovereignty on the Isthmus had, on several occasions, been averted by warning from this governmenL In 18CC. when Colombia was under the menace cf hostilities from Italy in the Cerruti case, Mr. Bayard expressed the serious concern that the United States could not but feel, that a Euro pean power should resort to force against a sister republic of this hem isphere, aa to the sovereign and un interrupted use of a part of whoso territory we are guarantors under '.he solmen faith of a treaty. In conclusion it is argued that this country would have been recreant to its solemn duty to have delayed long Mr. J. Loul, a fri:.r Utlrc Mort al m:ic fria lre-r.ti.. ram nNr h :iU U i:le Minify by faU'.tu !ot ttf I.re. 11- ! ub;-cl to lalnc tlm and while in the rntull-na f a nt h. ft 'A into tUv Cte. No one waa la the ri-iu with Ixu. wtn the m oc:.t h4p;ened. and t.e L?.d U-n I) ma la tie tire nUie ta'.nutea l-cfar to was dlwovered. L a ft-an i he wa IjSug with LJ fa e la a ld t-f exials. His fae and Ue up;-r jrjrtion of Lis bijy u bully b-.itr.td and the pb- - - at a W will lt.e th HKht cf bvth r)e If L lives, whUh U doubtful. Th truti-es of Trinity Cdl e met in Durham Met: day eent at olxk to onMder tbe crtti:im cf certain 1 1 lnlon eipreed by I?. J. S. lUkMt In the t(toUr number tf tLo South Atlantic quarterly. Twenty tie r.n-mbera wtre present. Tb board leuialned tn "isla Ml 2:2f a. ni. Several memorial were present ed, tho hubVet wa tbruujcftty dis-eus-sel and the tord declined to re quest Pr-f. Haswt'a rts!rnathn. which he offered to present if It de;re.l. The tiard Issued a tt tn.i.t which 1U Ik given to the pub lic. Sam Griffith, a lineman for the Bell Telephone tVmpany ni .renloro. met with an awful accident Monday. He was Mtting on a crossover at th top of a fifty foot p,le. mhea be lost bis balance and M to the cround. He iu some way tua&ag' to llctt cm his feet and this no doubt kept Llm from meeting Instant death. Aa 11 was be received injuries th .t may prove fatr.l. He had both kics broken jtul b"low the kne-e. and hlsrlebt arm wan iil!o broken. The physicians at tending Gilffith fear that he receieJ Internal iu juries. The people ef Charlotte are experi encing tho novelty ,f a strike, and the experience Is shared b ieople or all c!ase and conditions. Erery one of the 48 conductor and motormea employed by the 4Ca In vperatlnc tie eletric cars. In that city went on strike Tuesday mot nine on account of the refusal of the company to heat the cars. When the time arrived to take the cars from the shed not a single conductor or motormau reports ed for duty. Dr. C. M. Strong, of Charlotte. Is suffering from an unusual acident. Monday he was paeing bis horse while the later waa Ktandlng near the sidewalk when the animal turned Its head suddenly and Its nose came In contact with Dr. Strong's cheek. The horse waa evidently surprised and not knowing what else to do, opened its mouth and elosed down on tte doctor's cheek, removing a chunk of Beth. Four heusea on Happy Hill. In Gas tonia, were destroye-d by fire Tues day afternoon Inabout 30 minute.. Very little furniture waa aaved. The tosses were as follows: Three houses belonging to Ge-orge Qutnn. IJzzte Humphreys and Dennis Wllks, one store belonging to Jim Miller and oc- marks unon the important part played by our government in the just settle ment of the same. He remarks upon the growing sentiment of the nations favoring peaceable settlements in such cases. International Arbitration. Last year the Interparliamentary j Union for International Arbitration met at Vienna, six hundred members of the different legislatures of civilized countries attending. It was provided that the next meeting should be in 1904 at St. Louis, subject to our con gress extending an invitation. Like the Haeue Tribunal, this Interparliamen tary Union is one of the forces tending towards pease among the nations of the earth, and it is entitled to our sup port. I trust the invitation can be ex tended. Relations With Turkey. Early in July, having received in telligence, which happily turned out to be erroneous, of the assassination of our vice-consul at Beirut, I dispatched a small squadron to that port for such service as might be found necessary (lion xv by taking possession o fthe islands, Public Land Laws. The cash receipts of the General Land Office for the last fiscal year were $11,024,743.65, an increase of $4,762, 816.47 over the preceding year. Of this sum, approximately, $8,461,493 will go to the credit of the fund for the re clamation of arid land, making the total of this fund, up to the 30th of June. 1303. approximately, $16,191,836. a trratifvine disposition has been evinced hv those having unlawful in closures of public land to remove their fences. Nearly two million acres so in closed have been thrown open on de mand. In but comparatively few cases has it been necessary to go into court to accomplish this purpose. This work will be vigorously prosecuted until all unlawful inclosures have been re moved. . . Our public land laws need revision sadly. A great deal of fraud has crept into their administration, and scandals are common. It is urged that they be thoroughly revised. Cotton Weevil. The cotton-growing States have re- Ism in promotions would De een worse. But it wouia surely De easy w devise a method of promotion from grade to grade in which tne opinion oi the higher officers of the service upon the canidates shouia De aecisive upou the standing and promotion ot the latter. Just such a system now oDtama at West Point. The quality of each year's work determines tne stanains ui that year's class, the man being drop- ped or graauatea into m u... ti v.o T-ciative position which his mili tary superiors decide to be warranted Etruction cf the canal by his merit. illary works, and with The Navy. tDe Bay ot Panama. Th on arrival. Although the attempt on the life of our vice-consul had not been successful, yet the outrage was symp- . centiy been invaded by a weevil that tomatic of a state of excitement and l h8g done muCh damage and threatens disorder which demand immediate at- j ttt. entire cotton industry. 1 su? est to tention. The arrival of the vessels had I the congress the prompt enactuent of the happiest result A feeling of secu- 1 st.ch remedial legislation as its judg- rity at once took the place oi tne tor intr "& " . TA arno thrnueh the grossest irauos. u to i, is ! s never to be forgotten that citizen- inamauuia, c. . - ;- , -y " mintft the ,ords recently us- drawn on conduct, tne : u , Ve snreme CJourt of tho United mer alarm and disquiet; our officers were cordially welcomed by the con sular body and the leading merchants, and ordinary business resumed Its ac tivity. The Government of the Sultan gave a considerate hearing to the rep resentations of our minister; the offi cial who was regarded as responsime for the disturbed condition of affairs was removed. Our relations with the Turkish Government remain friendly; our claims founded on inequitable meat may approve. Patents to Foreigners. In granting patents to foreigners the proper course for this country to fol low is to give the same advantages to foreigners here that the countries in which these foreigners dwell extend in return to our citizens; that is, to ex tend the benefits of our patent laws on inventions and the like where In re turn the articles would be patentable in the foreign countries concerned a M 3 stillI o-af a OrTO treatment of some o rding tent ln sucn countries, missions appear to be in process of , itself nf the offered CD- diocrity over excellence. On the otner portunlty to secure rights and fran- ..,. bv Albert Krwln The entire exercise oi bouiai ui meaiate entrance upon tne imporuait work of canal construction. Provisions of Treaty. By the provisions of the treaty the United States guarantees and will falntain the independence of the Re public of Panama. There is granted to the United States In perpetuity the use, occupation and control ef a strip ten miles wide and extending three nautical miles into the sea at either terminal, with ail lands lying outside of the zone necessary for the Con or for ita aux- tho Islands ln The cities of Pan ama and Colon are not embraced in the canal zone, but the United States assumes their sanitation and, in case of need, the maintenance of order within the, granted limit all the rights, power, and authority which it would possess were it the sover eign of the territory to the exclusion of the exercise of sovereign rights by the Republic. All railway and canal property rights belonging to Panama and needed for the canal pass to the United States, Including any proper ty of the respective companies ln the citie3 of Panama and Colon; the works, property, and personnel of the canal and railways' are exempted from taxation as well in the citlea oi Panama and Colon as in the canal zone and Its dependencies. Free Im migration of the personnel and impor tation of supplies for the construction and operation of the canal are grant ed. Provision is made for the use of military force and the building of for tifications by the United States for the protection of the transit. Ia other details, particularly as to the acquisi tion of the Interest of the New Pan ama. Canal Company and the Panama Railway by the United States and tho Shortly after the enunciation of that famous principle of American foreign policy now known as the "Monroe Doc trine, President aionroe, iu a. Di'-' Message to Congress on January 20, 1824. spoke as follows: "The Navy is the arm from which our Government will always derive most aid ln support of our 'rights. Every power en gaged in war will know the strength of our naval power, the number of our ships of each class, their condition, and the promptitude with which we may bring them into service, and will ;ay due consideration to that argu ment." I heartily congratulate the Congress upon the steady progress ln building v.r.e rican Navy. We can not af ford a "let-up in this great work. To stand still means to go back Isthmian Canal. ' By the act of June 28, 1902, the Con gress authorized the, President to en ter into treaty with Colombia for the building of the canal across the Isthmus of Panama; It being provided that in the event of failure to secure ih treatv after the lapse of a rea sonable time, recourse should be had . .. .. ,,l v. vi.r o-a I condemnation cf private property for to bUHaing a canai iw uuju i.nt.Mae1' i , , - , , - - , - . It haa not been necessary to consider the uses of the canal, the sUpalationa amicable adjustment Relations With China. The signing oi a new commercial Indian Affairs. The Indian agents should not be de pendent for their appointment or ten- this alternative, as I am enabled to lay before the Senate a treaty provid ing for the building of the canal across the Isthmus of Panama. This was tha route which commended Itself to the deliberate judgment of the Congress, and we can now acquire by treaty the right to construct the canal over thU route. TPi question now, xnereiore, is j tjrhn Tethmtan canal . slT; built: tS ttVTuesUonl White House, Dec. 7. 130$. of the Hay-Herran treaty are closely followed, while the compensation to be given for these enlarged granta re mains the same, being ten millions of dollars, payable on exchange of rat fi cations; and, beginning nine years from that date, an annual payment of $250,000 during the life of the conven tion. THEODORE ROOSEVELT The suit of the Sawyer Bplndle Company, of Maine, against the Lily Mills and li. Frank Mebane. of bpray, for the Infringement of patent, haa been nettled by a consent degree, Kigncd by Judge Boyd ln favor of the complainants. The Judge of the United : States Court in Raleigh Monday approved the dividend and disbursement sheet in the bankruptcy caae of the Nortli Carolina Car Co., of Raleigh. Claims having priority are paid in fall and others receive only 5.78 per cent This was one cf the bl eat faiiurea Raleigh ever had.' The State chartera the Graham Land and Lumber Company, of Raleigh, with a capital stock of $100,009. The stock holders are A. II. Andrews. F. H. Bu. bee and A. U. Andrews. Jr. During the past year $1,28242 waa expended ln North Carolina for puh He schools This doee not Include lo cal taxes In Hartford county, of which the State superintendent baj net been able to receive a report. In Asbeville Monday Dr. J. V. Jay was found guilty of murder ln tho second degree and sentenced to SO years at hard labor. A few weeks a to Dr. Jay, who Is one of tte best known physiciana in the Aanevir country, murdered his three children. His inlnd waa thought to be affected. The State Treasurer In speaking about tte State's financies. said that while on November 30th there was a balance In the Treasury of $120,000. be had the very next day checked out $51, for the current expense of the public Institutions and the State gor- ei nment . . M Luther and Mitchell Carter, agsd 1$ and 13 yean, were drowned in tns French Broad river, near Dandridge, Tenn.. Friday. They were ln a canoe when Luther fell into the river. In trying to save bis brother. Mitchell was nulled Into the water, and both were Irowned. The boys lived at Asbeville, N C. Their mother Is & widow. The Secretary of State has a letter cm L. Graffs a Northern capitalist. o is looking for limestone and ee ent deposits In this State and who ..111 be glad to bare information as to any. i1 treat both orgamzeu wfi
